鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋

目的 评估鼓室内微管-微泵注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋的疗效.方法 选择2005年7月至2009年11月,秦皇岛市第一医院耳鼻喉科及内分泌科住院的2型糖尿病伴突发性耳聋患者113例,发病1～10 d,未接受治疗,分为激素注射治疗组和对照组,治疗组利用微管连接微泵,以10 μl/h将甲泼尼龙62.5 mg/ml连续泵入14 d后取出微管.两组同时全身用溶血栓、扩血管、神经营养及胰岛素降血糖治疗.于治疗后10、20 d进行纯音听阈测定并进行疗效评估.结果 治疗组的痊愈、显效、有效、无效的例数分别为6、19、12、11例,总有效率77.08%,优于对照组,差异有统计学意义.治疗前两组的纯音听阈均值(PTA)差异无统计学意义.治疗后10、20 d治疗组的PTA(dB)均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(66±21比76±14,50±16比59±12,均P＜0.05).两组中在治疗期间均无低血糖及糖尿病合并症出现,且预后与糖尿病的轻重度无明显相关性.结论 鼓室内微管-微泵注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋具有可行性.     

鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗难治性突发性感音神经性聋的疗效观察

目的观察鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙对难治性突发性耳聋的治疗效果,探索常规治疗无效的突发性聋的挽救治疗手段。方法对47例（47耳）常规治疗无效的突聋患者经鼓膜穿刺向鼓室内注入甲泼尼龙混悬液约0．5m1（20邛喀）,使药液进入圆窗龛1）．L／3d,共4次。在治疗开始前和治疗结束后3d,分别测试受治疗耳的纯音听阈,比较语言频率纯音听阈均值（era）,下降15dB HL以上为有效。结果47例经治患者14例有效,33例无效,有效率为29．8％。治疗前PTA为（67．59±16．57）dBHL,治疗后为（53．65±18．75）dBHL,治疗后比治疗前明显降低（P=0．000）。治疗时间短、不伴有眩晕的患者治疗效果好;听力下降的程度和听力下降的类型以及是否伴有耳呜、糖尿病对治疗效果无明显影响。结论鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙可作为常规治疗无效的突聋患者的挽救治疗手段,亦可作为避免全身大剂量使用激素的副作用的常规治疗手段之一。     

鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋的临床体会

目的分析研究鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋的临床体会。方法按照住院先后顺序选取韶关市职业病防治院收治的74例住院糖尿病伴突发性耳聋患者,均分为2组,分别采用常规方法治疗以及采用鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗,观察2组患者的临床治疗效果。结果比较2组患者的治疗效果以及治疗后10d、治疗后20d纯音听阈均值变化,均有显著差异,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗糖尿病伴突发性耳聋,安全可靠,疗效显著。     

甲泼尼龙鼓室注射治疗难治性突发性耳聋28例效果观察

目的：观察甲泼尼龙鼓室内注射治疗难治性突发性耳聋的效果。方法：观察组28例（28耳）,鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙,同时口服丹七胶囊和甲钴胺;对照组14例（14耳）,口服泼尼松片,同时给予口服丹七胶囊,甲钴胺。观察治疗前后纯音听阈的变化。结果：观察组有效13例（43.2%）,对照组有效2例（11.3%）,两者疗效比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。鼓室给药观察组治疗后听力平均提高13.92±7.17dB,治疗前后听阈比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。而对照组治疗前后的听力差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,听阈改善不明显。结论：对于难治突发性耳聋,鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙效果优于口服激素治疗。     

鼓室内注射地塞米松或甲泼尼龙治疗突发性耳聋的效果观察

目的探究鼓室内注射地塞米松或甲泼尼龙治疗突发性耳聋的治疗效果。方法选取2014年9月至2015年10月在濮阳市油田总医院治疗的80例突发性耳聋患者,随机分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用鼓室内注射地塞米松或甲泼尼龙治疗,对照组采用常规联合治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果观察组治疗总有效率为95.0%,高于对照组的77.5%(P<0.05);观察组的不良反应发生率为0%,低于对照组的15%(P<0.05)。结论突发性耳聋患者采用鼓室内注射地塞米松或甲泼尼龙治疗具有更好的治疗效果,且不良反应少。     

老年分泌性中耳炎患者鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙和盐酸氨溴索的研究

目的:研究鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙和盐酸氨溴索治疗老年分泌性中耳炎患者的临床疗效。方法:选择接受治疗的老年分泌性中耳炎患者90例为研究对象,采用数字表法随机分为接受鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙和盐酸氨溴索治疗的观察组及接受单纯鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙的对照组患者,比较两组患者的治疗后疗效及鼓室压及听阈值差异。结果:观察组治愈率(73.33%)、治疗总有效率(95.56%)明显高于对照组,鼓室压(-84.21±7.45)dapa、听阈值(48.26±6.84)dB明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙和盐酸氨溴索可以显著提高老年分泌性中耳炎患者的治疗效果。     

早期鼓室内联合全身应用糖皮质激素治疗全聋型突发性聋临床效果分析

目的探析早期鼓室内联合全身应用糖皮质激素治疗全聋型突发性聋的临床效果。方法选取2015年1月至2016年1月在固始县中医院治疗的全聋型突发性聋患者120例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各60例。两组均接受相同的常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗基础上采用甲泼尼龙全身给药,观察组在对照组治疗基础上采用甲泼尼龙鼓室内给药。比较两组患者听力恢复情况及治疗后随访情况。结果观察患者的治疗有效率明显高于对照组,随访结果明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期鼓室内联合全身应用糖皮质激素治疗全聋型突发性聋效果显著,可有效恢复患者受损听力,避免病情反复发作。     

甲泼尼龙联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿难治性支原体肺炎的疗效及对血清炎症因子水平的影响

目的:探讨甲泼尼龙联合阿奇霉素治疗小儿难治性支原体肺炎(RMPP)的疗效及对血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响。方法:按随机数字表法,将83例RMPP患儿分为两组,观察组(n=41)采用甲泼尼龙联合阿奇霉素治疗,对照组(n=42)采用阿奇霉素治疗。观察两组疗效、临床症状缓解情况以及治疗前、后1周血清CRP、TNF-α水平的变化。结果:治疗后,观察组治疗有效率高于对照组(92.68%vs.71.43%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组住院时间[(3.53±0.72)d vs.(5.32±1.35)d]、咳嗽痰响消失时间[(3.82±0.80)d vs.(5.69±1.41)d]、干湿性啰音消失时间[(5.03±1.17)d vs.(7.37±1.52)d]、喘憋消失时间[(3.65±0.90)d vs.(5.35±1.38)d]比较,观察组均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清CRP[(13.58±9.67)mg/L vs.(30.73±10.54)mg/L]、TNF-α[(43.52±5.65)ng/L vs.(58.92±6.26)ng/L]比较,观察组均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:甲泼尼龙联合阿奇霉素治疗可降低RMPP患儿机体炎性反应,改善临床症状,临床疗效优于单独使用阿奇霉素治疗。     

甲强龙鼓室注射治疗难治性突发性耳聋

目的观察鼓室内注射甲强龙治疗难治性突发性耳聋的临床效果和安全性。方法对41例经"序贯疗法"治疗无效突发性耳聋的患者,分为甲强龙组和对照组,其中20例行鼓室注射注入40g/L甲强龙0.5～0.7ml,隔日注射1次,10d为1个疗程。21例为对照组,给予营养神经药物治疗10d,比较2周后4个频率(0.5、1、2、4kHz)气导纯音听阈均值(PTA),下降15dB以上为有效。结果2周后20例鼓室内注射甲强龙前后PTA分别(70.41±16.66)dBHL和(54.23±24.56)dBHL,差异有显著性(P<0.05),总的有效率为40%。甲强龙组和对照组的PTA分别(54.27±24.56)dBHL和(62.50±16.31)dBHL,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。病例未出现鼓室内感染、鼓膜穿孔和听力下降。结论鼓室内注射甲强龙为治疗难治性突发性耳聋安全、有效的方法之一。     

鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗急性低频下降型感音神经性聋的效果观察

目的探讨鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙治疗急性低频下降型感音神经性聋(ALHL)的临床效果。方法选取2013年1月至2016年9月周口市中医院收治的104例ALHL患者,根据治疗方案分为两组,各52例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组静脉注射甲泼尼龙,观察组鼓室内注射甲泼尼龙。对比两组治疗前及治疗第3、7、12天纯音测听(PTA)值,并统计两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率。结果治疗前,两组PTA值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组各时段PTA值均低于对照组,且治疗总有效率(90.38%)高于对照组(75.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率(7.69%)与对照组(9.62%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论给予ALHL患者甲泼尼龙鼓室内注射治疗,可有效改善其听力状况,临床效果显著,且安全性较高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.