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1.
Few data are available on the kinetic of the airways’ inflammation induced by inhaled endotoxin in a given subject. The purpose
of this study was to evaluate in healthy subjects the time-related endotoxin-induced airways’ inflammation. The cells counts
from the induced-sputum were evaluated before, 6 and 24 h, and 7 days after an exposure to 20 mcg inhaled endotoxin, in eight
pre-selected volunteers. To avoid interference of the induced-sputum procedure on the response to endotoxin, each time-point
was evaluated in randomized order at 2-weeks interval after three separate inhalations of endotoxin. A significant rise of
the relative number of lymphocytes (p < 0.05) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN; p < 0.02) and of the absolute number of PMN (p < 0.05) occurring at 6 h, followed by an increase of the absolute number of the total viable cells (p < 0.01), macrophages (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.01), and lymphocytes (p < 0.05) at 24 h after endotoxin inhalation. The inflammatory response recovered totally after 7 days. In human beings, the
inhalation of endotoxin induced a transient airway inflammation after 6 h, peaked at 24 h and recovered after 7 days. When
repeated endotoxin inhalations are used as a model of inflammation, a wash-out period of at least 7 days should be applied
between each exposure in each subject. 相似文献
2.
Jayaseelan C Rahuman AA Rajakumar G Vishnu Kirthi A Santhoshkumar T Marimuthu S Bagavan A Kamaraj C Zahir AA Elango G 《Parasitology research》2011,109(1):185-194
Insecticide resistance and inadequate attention to the application instructions of topical pediculicides are common reasons
for treatment failure. Essential oils or plant extracts are good and safe alternatives due to their low toxicity to mammals
and easy biodegradability. The present study was carried out to establish the pediculocidal and larvicidal activity of synthesized
silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using leaf aqueous extract of Tinospora cordifolia Miers (Menispermaceae) against the head louse Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) and fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, Anopheles subpictus Grassi and filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). We reported the aqueous plant extract and synthesized AgNPs against head lice and vectors. Direct
contact method was conducted to determine the potential of pediculocidal activity. The synthesized AgNPs characterized by
UV–vis spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction. Head lice and mosquito larvae
were exposed to varying concentrations of aqueous extracts and synthesized AgNPs for 24 h. The results suggest that the optimal
times for measuring mortality effects of synthesized AgNPs were 33% at 5 min, 67% at 15 min, and 100% after 1 h. The maximum
activity was observed in the synthesized AgNPs against lice, A. subpictus and C. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 12.46, 6.43 and 6.96 mg/L; r
2 = 0.978, 0.773 and 0.828), respectively. The findings revealed that synthesized AgNPs possess excellent anti-lice and mosquito
larvicidal activity. These results suggest that the green synthesis of AgNPs have the potential to be used as an ideal ecofriendly
approach for the control of head lice and vectors. 相似文献
3.
This study evaluated the haematology and clinical chemistry profile of rats given drinking water contaminated with varied
low percentages of used engine oil (UEO) for a period of 21 days. Fifty female albino rats of 6–7 weeks of age were used for
the study. They were divided into five groups (A–E) and given water contaminated with 5%, 1%, 0.1%, 0.01% and 0% vol/vol.
of UEO respectively as the only source of drinking water for 21 days. The group E given uncontaminated water (0% contamination)
served as the control. The haematological parameters and clinical chemistry profile of the rats was comprehensively evaluated
after the 21 days of administration of the group-specific waters. Results showed that contamination of water with up to 5%
UEO led to no significant effects (p > 0.05) on all the haematological indices and on the levels of serum alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase,
albumin, creatinine and calcium, blood urea nitrogen and fasting blood glucose level, feed consumption and body weight. However,
the rat group given water contaminated with 5% UEO had a significantly increased serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) (p < 0.01), total bilirubin (p < 0.05) and cholesterol (p < 0.01), and a significantly decreased serum total protein and globulin (p < 0.01), and water consumption (p < 0.05). The rat group given water contaminated with 1% UEO had a significantly increased serum AP (p < 0.01), total bilirubin (p < 0.05) and cholesterol (p < 0.01), and a significantly decreased water consumption (p < 0.05), while the rat group given water contaminated with 0.1% UEO had a significantly elevated (p < 0.01) serum AP. It was concluded that sub-acute contamination of drinking water of rats with up to 5% UEO led to hepato-biliary
disorders and adverse effects on hepatic secretion and excretion, including diminution of serum protein and globulin levels
and elevation of serum cholesterol levels, but did not lead to any significant effects on haematology, hepatocellular integrity,
kidney/renal function, pancreatic function and body weight. 相似文献
4.
Experiments on Wistar rats showed that exenatide (0.015–0.5 nmol per 100 g body weight) somewhat increased renal excretion
of potassium from 7 ± 1 to 16 ± 1 μmol/h/100 g body weight (p < 0.05) in animals with normal serum concentration of glucose (4.6 ± 0.4 mM) and potassium (4.3 ± 0.1 mM). Exenatide dramatically
enhanced excretion of potassium under conditions of hyperkalemia (11.4 ± 0.4 mM) produced by intraperitoneal injection of
1.25% KCl solution (5 ml per 100 g body weight). During the fi rst postinjection hour, potassium excretion increased 2-fold
and attained 97 ± 11 μmol/h/100 g body weight in comparison with potassium load alone (47 ± 9 μmol/h/100 g body weight, p < 0.05). The data attest to a possible role of peptide regulators in normalization of potassium balance via renal mechanisms. 相似文献
5.
Mallikarjuna Reddy Metukuri Chandra Mohan T. Reddy P. R. K. Reddy Pallu Reddanna 《Inflammation》2010,33(4):235-243
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation is implicated in the infection associated testicular tissue damage.
Earlier, using a LPS induced acute endotoxemic rat model, we have shown the involvement of inflammation-induced oxidative
stress in the impaired steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. In the present study, we report a significant induction (more
than 2-fold) of stress response proteins HSP-60, HMGB-1 and 2 in the testes, as early as 6 h after LPS injection with a later
decrease. This induction of acute stress is closely followed by a significant reduction (74%) in Bcl2/Bax ratio along with
leakage of cytochrome c (3 fold increase, p < 0.05) from mitochondria and increased caspase-3 activity levels (2.9 fold, p < 0.05) at 12 h and 24 h post LPS injection respectively. Further studies on PARP cleavage revealed a pattern similar to
necrotic death during early periods (3 h to 24 h) and apoptosis at later periods (24 h to 72 h) after LPS treatment. In conclusion,
the present study shows the involvement of stress response proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction in LPS-induced germ cell
death in male rats. 相似文献
6.
Bahcecioglu IH Koca SS Poyrazoglu OK Yalniz M Ozercan IH Ustundag B Sahin K Dagli AF Isik A 《Inflammation》2008,31(4):215-221
To assess the effect of infliximab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agent, on the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Rats were randomized into three groups (n = 9). The control group received only intraperitoneal (i.p.) olive oil. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by repeated i.p. injections
of 1.5 ml/kg CCl4 (1:3 mixture with olive oil) for 5 weeks in the remaining two groups which were also injected subcutaneous saline or 2 mg/kg
infliximab. Infliximab reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05 for both). The scores of hepatic necrosis, inflammation and fibrosis, and expression of α-smooth muscle actin were
lower in the infliximab-treated group than the CCI4-treated group (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in terms of liver tissue and plasma malondialdehyde,
and serum TNF-α levels, while infliximab relatively reduced the level of transforming growth factor-β1 (373.0 ± 153.1 vs. 280.8 ± 127.1 pg/ml). Treatment with infliximab attenuated the necro-inflammation and fibrogenesis in
the CCI4-induced hepatic fibrosis, and thus it might be effective as a therapeutic anti-fibrotic agent. 相似文献
7.
Skeletal muscle adaptation to chronic hypoxia includes loss of oxidative capacity and decrease in fiber size. However, the
diaphragm may adapt differently since its activity increases in response to hypoxia. Thus, we hypothesized that chronic hypoxia
would not affect endurance, mitochondrial function, or fiber size in the mouse diaphragm. Adult male mice were kept in normoxia
(control) or hypoxia (hypoxia, FIO2 = 10%) for 4 weeks. After that time, muscles were collected for histological, biochemical, and functional analyses. Hypoxia
soleus muscles fatigued faster (fatigue index higher in control, 21.5 ± 2.6% vs. 13.4 ± 2.4%, p < 0.05), but there was no difference between control and hypoxia diaphragm bundles. Mean fiber cross-sectional area was unchanged
in hypoxia limb muscles, but it was 25% smaller in diaphragm (p < 0.001). Ratio of capillary length contact to fiber perimeter was significantly higher in hypoxia diaphragm (28.6 ± 1.2
vs. 49.3 ± 1.4, control and hypoxia, p < 0.001). Mitochondrial respiration rates in hypoxia limb muscles were lower: state 2 decreased 19%, state 3 31%, and state
4 18% vs. control, p < 0.05 for all comparisons. There were similar changes in hypoxia diaphragm: state 3 decreased 29% and state 4 17%, p < 0.05. After 4 weeks of hypoxia, limb muscle mitochondria had lower content of complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase), while
diaphragm mitochondria had higher content of complexes IV and V (F
1/F
0 ATP synthase) and less uncoupling protein 3 (UCP-3). These data demonstrate that diaphragm retains its endurance during chronic
hypoxia, apparently due to a combination of morphometric changes and optimization of mitochondrial energy production. 相似文献
8.
Helle Spindler Charlotte Kruse Ann-Dorthe Zwisler Susanne S. Pedersen 《International journal of behavioral medicine》2009,16(2):98-107
Background Type D personality is an emerging risk factor in cardiovascular disease. We examined the psychometric properties of the Danish
version of the Type D Scale (DS14) and the impact of Type D on anxiety and depression in cardiac patients.
Method Cardiac patients (n = 707) completed the DS14, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. A subgroup
(n = 318) also completed the DS14 at 3 or 12 weeks.
Results The two-factor structure of the DS14 was confirmed; the subscales negative affectivity and social inhibition were shown to
be valid, internally consistent (Cronbach’s α = 0.87/0.91; mean inter-item correlations = 0.49/0.59), and stable over 3 and 12 weeks (r = 0.85/0.78; 0.83/0.79; ps < 0.01). Type D was an independent associate of anxiety (β, 0.49; p < 0.01) and depression (β, 0.47; p < 0.01) in univariable linear regression analysis and remained a significant independent associate of anxiety (β, 0.26; p < 0.01) and depression (β, 0.17; p < 0.01) in adjusted analyses.
Conclusions The Danish DS14 was shown to be a valid and reliable measure associated with increased symptoms of anxiety and depression
independent of socio-demographic and clinical risk factors. The DS14 may be used in research and clinical practice to identify
high-risk patients. 相似文献
9.
Iglesias LE Fusé LA Lifschitz AL Rodríguez EM Sagüés MF Saumell CA 《Parasitology research》2011,108(5):1185-1191
The effect of ivermectin excreted in faeces of cattle treated in late winter on the arthropods and the degradation of faeces
on pasture were evaluated. Four calves of similar age and weight were allocated to two groups, one group was treated subcutaneously
with ivermectin and the other group remained as untreated control. From faeces collected from both groups at 3, 7, 14, 21
and 28 days post-treatment (dpt), three faecal pats of 1 kg each were made and deposited on a mixed paddock. One quarter of
each faecal pat was removed at 10, 20, 30 and 60 days postdeposition (dpd) to determine the concentration of ivermectin, the
organic matter content, and to collect colonising dung arthropods. Concentrations at days 3 and 7 pt were significantly higher
than at the other dpt (p < 0.05). The highest ivermectin concentrations were found in samples from 3 dpt (p < 0.05). The organic matter percentage was not significantly different between treatments. An edaphic fauna characterised
the colonisation of the faeces by organisms. Although arthropods’ abundance differences were not significant except for the
28 dpt at 30 dpd (p < 0.0003), fewer organisms were collected from the ivermectin group at all times. 相似文献
10.
Obidike R. Ikechukwu Anika S. Maduka Kamalu T. Nkire Olumuyiwa S. V. Shoyinka Aka L. Okonkwo Omoja V. Uneojo 《Comparative clinical pathology》2012,21(1):91-97
This study investigated the morphometric changes, biochemical parameters, and kidney morphology of male West African Dwarf
goats exposed to graded levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Four groups of five goats were used for this experiment.
Goats in three of the groups were exposed to oral administration of 2,4-D as follows: group A, low dose (75 mg/kg body weight);
group B, medium dose (100 mg/kg body weight); and group C, high dose (125 mg/kg body weight); every 72 h for a period of 112 days.
The group D goats served as the control and received no 2,4-D treatment. Morphometric changes, biochemical parameters, and
histomorphological features of the kidney of goats exposed to 2,4-D were compared with control goats. Exposing male goats
to 2,4-D treatment led to reduction in mean body weights (p < 0.05), mean blood glucose (p < 0.05), and mean total serum protein (p < 0.05) concentrations. The histomorphology of the kidney sections of the 2,4-D-treated goats was that of subacute to chronic
exudative glomerulonephritis; and the severity of lesions increased with higher 2,4-D concentration. It was concluded that
exposing male West African Dwarf goats to varied concentrations of 2,4-D herbicide resulted in reduction in weight gain, changes
in blood glucose and total serum protein concentrations, as well as glomerular, tubular, and interstitial lesions in the kidney. 相似文献
11.
Zheng HC Takahashi H Li XH Hara T Masuda S Guan YF Takano Y 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2008,452(2):147-155
Parafibromin is a protein encoded by the hyperparathyroidism 2 oncosuppressor gene and its downregulated expression is involved
in pathogenesis of parathyroid carcinomas. To clarify the roles of parafibromin expression in tumourigenesis and progression
of gastric carcinomas, it was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarray containing gastric carcinomas (n = 508), adenomas (n = 45) and gastritis (n = 49) with a comparison of its expression with clinicopathological parametres of carcinomas. Gastric carcinoma cell lines
(MKN28, AGS, MKN45, KATO-III and HGC-27) were studied for parafibromin expression by IHC and western blot. Parafibromin expression
was localised in the nucleus of gastric epithelial cells, adenoma, carcinoma cells and cell lines. Its expression was gradually
decreased from gastritis to gastric carcinoma, through gastric adenomas (p < 0.05) and inversely correlated with tumour size, depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis and Union
Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) staging (p < 0.05) but not with sex or venous invasion (p > 0.05). Parafibromin was strongly expressed in older carcinoma patients compared with younger ones (p < 0.05). There was stronger positivity of parafibromin in intestinal-type than diffuse-type carcinomas (p < 0.05). Univariate analysis indicated cumulative survival rate of patients with positive parafibromin expression to be higher
than without its expression (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, tumour size, depth of invasion, lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis,
UICC staging and Lauren’s classification but not sex, venous invasion or parafibromin expression were independent prognostic
factors for carcinomas(p < 0.05). Downregulated parafibromin expression possibly contributed to pathogenesis, growth, invasion and metastasis of gastric
carcinomas. It was considered as a promising marker to indicate the aggressive behaviours and prognosis of gastric carcinomas. 相似文献
12.
Zuhair Bani Ismail Khaleel Jawasreh Ahmad Al-Majali 《Comparative clinical pathology》2010,19(1):11-14
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of xylazine–ketamine–diazepam anesthesia on heart rate, respiration rate,
rectal temperature, rumen motility, peripheral blood pH, PaO2, and PaCO2 in adult female nonpregnant Awassi sheep and adult
female nonpregnant Damascus goats. Anesthesia was induced using 0.1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, and 0.25 mg/kg xylazine, ketamine, and
diazepam respectively as a single intravenous injection. The heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, rumen motility,
peripheral arterial blood pH, PaO2, and PaCO2 were evaluated 15 min before and at 15, 30, and 60 min during anesthesia. In
sheep, the heart rate, rumen motility, and PaO2 were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15, 30, and 60 min following anesthesia. The respiration rate and rectal temperature and blood pH were decreased
significantly (P < 0.05) at 30 and 60 min. The peripheral PaCO2 was increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min. In goats, the heart rate and rumen motility were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15, 30, and 60 min while the respiration rate was decreased only significantly (P < 0.05) at 60 min. Rectal temperature was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 30 and 60 min. The blood pH was decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min. PaO2 was only significantly (P < 0.05) decreased at 15 min while PaCO2 was increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min. 相似文献
13.
Markus van der Giet Markus Tölle Domenico Pratico Volkmar Lufft Mirjam Schuchardt Matthias P. Hörl Walter Zidek Uwe J. F. Tietge 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》2010,88(1):75-83
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients exhibit increased in vivo oxidative stress conceivably contributing to cardiovascular
mortality. The type IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) has proatherogenic activity. We explored the hypothesis that sPLA2 contributes to oxidative stress generation and endothelial dysfunction in ESRD patients and transgenic (tg) mice. Patients
with ESRD had increased in vivo oxidative stress as assessed by plasma isoprostane levels (p < 0.001). Active sPLA2 in plasma was substantially increased compared with healthy controls (1,156 ± 65 versus 184 ± 5 ng/dL, p < 0.001) and correlated with plasma isoprostanes (r = 0.61, p < 0.001). Correspondingly, human sPLA2 tg mice display increased generation of reactive oxygen species within aortic vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to severe
endothelial dysfunction (maximal vasodilation in response to 10 μmol/L acetylcholine, sPLA2 36 ± 8%, controls 80 ± 2% of phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction). Increased vascular oxidative stress in sPLA2 tg mice is dependent on the induction of vascular cyclooxygenase (COX)2 expression. Conversely, ESRD patients show increased
formation of COX2-derived prostaglandins (p < 0.05) correlated with plasma sPLA2 (r = 0.71, p < 0.05). Our data indicate that increased expression of sPLA2 might represent a novel causative risk factor contributing to the increased cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality
in ESRD. 相似文献
14.
Ifeanyi I. Madubunyi 《Comparative clinical pathology》2012,21(2):127-135
The hepatoprotective activity of Uvaria chamae P. Beav (Annonaceae) methanol root bark extracts were tested in vivo and in vitro. The plant material was defatted with n-hexane
and 70% methanol, respectively. The methanol extract was recovered in a 6.13% w/w yield. An oral administration of the methanol extract (60 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p < 0.05) pentobarbitone-induced sleep in rats poisoned with acetaminophen. In this model, a protection of 92% against the
cytotoxicity of acetaminophen is obtained by pretreatment with the methanol extract as compared to a protection of 89.6% when
the animals were pretreated with silibinin. The n-hexane extract was without a significant hepatoprotective effect in this
model. Intraperitoneal injection of the methanol extract into rats showed no significant effect on pentobarbitone-induced
hypnosis. The elevation of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase,
and urea induced by paracetamol intoxication in rats was also significantly attenuated (p < 0.05) by the methanol extract. The methanol extract did not influence the concentration of microsomal proteins in the serum.
This in vivo efficacy was substantiated by significant hepatoprotection on acetaminophen (AA)-induced hepatotoxicity in isolated
rat hepatocytes. The methanol extract, at a dose of 1 mg/ml, remarkably (p < 0.05) reduced the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase in primary cultured rat hepatocytes and showed a significant effect
on lipid peroxidation. The AA-induced elevation of the lipid peroxidation in rats was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the presence of U. chamae root bark methanol extract. A protection of 56% against the tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation in rats was
obtained by pretreatment with the methanol extract. The methanol extract also showed a significant antioxidant effect. 相似文献
15.
We conducted a study of serodiagnosis of experimental sparganum infections of mice and human sparganosis by enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using excretory–secretory (ES) antigens of Spirometra mansoni spargana and compared the sensitivity and specificity of crude and ES antigens for detecting the specific anti-sparganum
IgG antibodies. By crude antigen ELISA and ES antigen ELISA, anti-sparganum IgG was detected in all of 30 serum samples of
the infected mice; no cross-reactions were observed in serum samples of the mice infected with Trichinella spiralis, Schistosoma japanicum, Toxoplasma gondii, and normal mice. Anti-sparganum IgG was detected by ES antigen ELISA in sera of mice infected with one, two, four, six,
and eight spargana at 3 weeks post-infection (wpi), with a detection rate of 100%, and lasted to 18 wpi when the experiment
was ended. The difference in anti-sparganum antibody levels among five groups of the infected mice was statistically significant
(F = 245.296, p < 0.05); the antibody levels were correlated with infecting doses of spargana (r = 0.323, p < 0.05). The sensitivity of both ELISA in detecting the serum samples of patients with sparganosis was 100% (20/20), but
96.72% (59/61) of specificity of ES antigen ELISA in detecting serum samples of patients with cysticercosis, echinococcosis,
paragonimiosis, clonorchiosis, and schistosomiasis, and healthy persons was significantly greater than 72.13% (44/61) of crude
antigen ELISA (χ
2 = 14.027, p < 0.05). Our finding indicates that ELISA using ES antigens of S. mansoni spargana may be applied to the specific early serodiagnosis of sparganosis. 相似文献
16.
J. Kehrmann M. Kaase F. Szabados S. G. Gatermann J. Buer P.-M. Rath J. Steinmann 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2011,30(5):677-683
The aim of this study was to assess the vancomycin MIC distribution for MRSA blood culture isolates over a period of six years
in Germany. The study examined 287 MRSA isolates from blood cultures collected at several hospitals in two German cities between
2004 and 2009. The vancomycin MIC was determined by Etest. Genotypic features of the MRSA strains with vancomycin MIC ≥ 1 mg/L
were determined by semiautomated repetitive-sequence-based polymerase chain reaction. The range of vancomycin MIC as determined
by Etest was 0.25 to 2.0 mg/L. The geometric mean MIC increased by 1.34-fold in city A over the study period (p < 0.05), but there was no meaningful change in city B (a 1.09-fold increase, p > 0.05). Furthermore, in city A a shift in vancomycin MICs occurred as an increase in the percentage of isolates with MIC ≥ 1 mg/L
from period one (2004–2006) to period two (2007–2009) (p < 0.0001). Typing results showed that in city A a single clone was predominant (55% of the creep isolates). In this study,
the creep phenomenon seems to be a regional problem. We suggest that all hospitals should monitor their local status of elevated
vancomycin MICs in invasive MRSA isolates. 相似文献
17.
Byul Kwon Hye-Ah Lee Gil-Soon Choi Young-Min Ye Dong-Ho Nahm Hae-Sim Park 《Journal of clinical immunology》2009,29(4):517-523
Background IgG autoantibodies to airway epithelial cell proteins have been detected in patients with nonallergic asthma.
Objective and Methods To evaluate the functional significance of these autoantibodies, we examined the presence of IgG antibody-induced cytotoxicity
against airway epithelial cells (A549) by the microcytotoxicity assay using IgG antibodies purified from patients with nonallergic
asthma.
Results IgG antibody-induced cytotoxicity (expressed as percent cell lysis) was significantly increased in nine patients with nonallergic
asthma (mean ± standard deviation; 30.6 ± 7.3%) as compared with eight healthy controls (13.9 ± 5.1%) and nine patients with
allergic asthma (20.3 ± 10.4%; p < 0.05). In addition, IgG antibody-induced cytotoxicity was significantly inhibited when IgG antibodies from patients with
nonallergic asthma were pre-incubated with recombinant human airway epithelial cell autoantigens (cytokeratin 18 or alpha-enolase
proteins; p < 0.05).
Conclusion These results suggest a possible involvement of IgG autoantibody-induced cytotoxicity against airway epithelial cells in the
pathogenesis of nonallergic asthma. 相似文献
18.
Obidike R. Ikechukwu Igwebuike U. Maduabuchi Aka O. Lawrence Shoyinka S. V. Olumuyiwa Ikwueje U. Chinelo 《Comparative clinical pathology》2011,20(1):79-84
Possible amelioration of splenic damage and hematological changes in Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil-exposed rats following
its withdrawal was investigated. A total of 56 male albino rats weighing between 200–250 g were used for this study. The rats
received oral administration of 165 mg/kg body weight (low-dose), 330 mg/kg body weight (medium-dose) and 660 mg/kg body weight
(high-dose) of Nigerian Quo Iboe Brent crude oil every 48 h for 28 days. Later, the crude oil was withdrawn from some rats
for a period of 8 weeks. Hematological parameters and spleen morphology of rats that received crude oil and the rats from
which the crude oil was withdrawn were compared with the controls that did not receive crude oil treatment. Administration
of Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the PCV levels in low-dose, low-dose crude oil-withdrawn, medium-dose crude oil-withdrawn, high-dose, and
high-dose crude oil-withdrawn groups of rats. The EC was also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in the medium- and high-dose groups of rats. In the same manner, TWBC was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the medium-dose crude oil-withdrawn, high-dose, and high-dose crude oil-withdrawn rats. It was only at
low-dose level, after 8 weeks of crude oil withdrawal that there was a reduction in splenic weight. Splenic section (histopathology)
of rats exposed to different doses of crude oil over 28-day period showed reticuloendothelial hyperpasia of the red pulp and
variable degree of haemosiderin deposits. These changes were not completely ameliorated after 8 weeks of crude oil withdrawal.
This study has shown that withdrawal of Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil from exposed rats did not reverse the splenic damage
and the haematologic changes associated with this environmental pollutant. 相似文献
19.
Zheng HC Li XH Hara T Masuda S Yang XH Guan YF Takano Y 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2008,452(5):525-534
To investigate the pathobiological behaviors of gastric mixed-type (MT) carcinomas and gastric carcinogenesis, the clinicopathological
characteristics of MT carcinomas were analyzed and compared with intestinal-type (IT) and diffuse-type (DT) carcinomas. The
expression of Ki-67, caspase-3, p53, fragile histine triad (FHIT), maspin, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer
(EMMPRIN), vascular growth factor (VEGF), MUC-2, 4, 5AC and 6, CD44, E-cadherin, β-catenin, and phosphorylated glycogen synthase
kinase 3β-ser9 (P-GSK3β-ser9) was examined on tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry. It was found that MT carcinomas exhibited large size, deep
invasion, frequent local invasion, and lymph node metastasis in comparison with IT and DT carcinomas (p < 0.05). All the markers except MUC-5AC showed higher expression in IT than DT carcinomas (p < 0.05). The expression of maspin, EMMPRIN, VEGF, MUC-4, and membrane E-cadherin was stronger in MT intestinal than diffuse
component (p < 0.05). Immunoreactivities to Ki-67, EMMPRIN, and VEGF were weaker in IT carcinoma than in the MT intestinal portion (p < 0.05), while the opposite was true for CD44, MUC-2, and MUC-6 (p < 0.05). The MT diffuse component displayed a higher expression of FHIT, VEGF, and P-GSK3β-ser9 than DT carcinoma (p < 0.05). The accumulative survival rate of the IT carcinoma patients was higher than the other types (p < 0.05). The invasive depth, venous invasion, lymph node, peritoneal or liver metastasis, and Lauren's classification were
independent prognostic factors for gastric carcinomas (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that MT carcinomas were also indicated to be more aggressive than IT and DT carcinomas.
Significant differences were observed in the proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, mucin secretion, and cell adhesion between
IT and DT carcinomas, whereas only a few of these characteristics showed differences between the MT intestinal and diffuse
parts, thus suggesting that both the MT components might originate from the stem cells with similar genetic traits, but follow
different histogenic pathways. 相似文献
20.
Choschzick M Oosterwijk E Müller V Woelber L Simon R Moch H Tennstedt P 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》2011,459(2):193-200
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a strictly membranous expressed metalloenzyme involved in cell adhesion, pH homeostasis, and
cancer progression. This study was designed to assess the role of CAIX in primary ovarian cancer. Two hundred five well-characterized
primary ovarian carcinomas were analyzed on a tissue microarray. CAIX expression was determined by immunohistochemistry using
a four-step scoring system. Moderate and strong membranous CAIX expression was found in 37 out of 205 (18%) of all assessable
ovarian cancer specimens. High levels of CAIX expression were related to mucinous and endometrioid phenotype of ovarian carcinomas
(p < 0.05). There was no association between CAIX overexpression and tumor stage, grading, and mitotic count of ovarian carcinomas
(p > 0.05). In univariate Cox regression analysis, advanced tumor stage (p < 0.01), high tumor grade (p = 0.017), high mitotic count (p = 0.025), and high CAIX expression levels (p = 0.031) were correlated to shorter overall patient survival. High pT stage (p = 0.036) and CAIX overexpression were connected to poor clinical outcome in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. Multivariate
Cox regression hazard analysis comprising tumor stage, tumor grade, mitotic count, and CAIX expression revealed pT2/3 stage
and CAIX overexpression (scores 2 and 3) as independent prognostic markers in ovarian cancer (p < 0.01, each) as well as in the subgroup of endometrioid carcinomas (p < 0.05, each). In conclusion, CAIX is overexpressed in a substantial proportion of mucinous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas
and connected to poor patient outcome. Our data support the potential therapeutic benefit of newly developed targeting antibodies
in advanced ovarian cancer. 相似文献