招飞体检脊柱X线拍片必要性的探讨

在招飞外科体检中，骨关节．特别是脊柱问题是直接决定飞行学员能否胜任未来飞行任务的关键。但脊柱常规拍片在招飞体检中一直未能受到应有的重视。为了提高招飞质量．2004年我区在生源较往年多的情况下大胆增加了脊柱拍片的数量。特别是增加了腰椎的拍片数量。笔者对2001～2004年脊柱X线拍片后淘汰情况分析如下。     

招飞体检中实施全脊柱X线摄片必要性的探讨

是否患有脊柱疾病对飞行学员能否胜任飞行任务有决定性作用.目前我海军招飞体检中,仅对外科检查脊柱外观有阳性体征者行X线摄片.但部分脊柱病变外观并无明显阳性体征,因此极易漏诊.如何避免脊柱病变漏诊,提高招飞质量,是招飞体检工作面临的一项重要任务.基于上述原因,笔者对2006-2008年外科体检无明显阳性体征学生233例行脊柱X线摄片,并对检查结果进行总结和分析,现报道如下.     

对飞行学院应征高中生放射线检查脊椎可行性的探讨

目的4年来我们在招收飞行学员外科体检中尽可能多的增加脊柱拍片,总结分析脊柱拍片在招飞体检中的价值意义。为体检标准的修改提供有科学价值的参考。方法对2001～2004年外科招飞体检中脊柱外观有阳性体征进行拍片及抽样拍片970人的淘汰原因、淘汰率进行总结分析。结果2001年脊柱拍片人数占外科体检人数的3．4％,2002年占4．5％,2003年占28．77％,2004年达41．61％,2003、2004年明显高于往年。2001年脊柱拍片淘汰11人,2002年淘汰6人,2003年淘汰100人,2004年淘汰145人,其拍片人数及淘汰人数明显高于往年。结论通过增加对脊柱X线拍片,发现了历年来物理检查未发现的一些直接影响脊柱功能的问题,这充分说明脊柱拍片的必要性及对提高和保证招飞质量具有重要的意义。     

空军招收飞行学员体检腰骶椎X线异常614例分析

随着我军高性能战斗机的逐步普及,飞行人员的脊柱承受的过载将越来越大.空军要求在招飞体检中对应招对象实施全脊柱X线检测筛选.我们在2006～2008年度招飞全面体检中对2646名拟合格学生进行腰骶动态X线透视,对腰骶可疑异常者行X线正侧位拍片,发现腰骶异常者614人,占受检人数的23.2%.现将情况报告如下:     

招飞体检胸片漏诊17例分析

目的　探讨空军招飞体检胸片漏诊原因 ,提出预防措施 ,提高招飞质量。　方法　对自 1987年后 17例招飞体检胸片漏诊原因进行分析。　结果　招飞体检胸片漏诊 17例 ,其中肺结核 6例 ,胸膜幕状粘连 7例 ,胸膜增厚粘连 3例 ,胸膜包裹性粘连 1例。漏诊原因主要是医生放松了对结核病的警惕 ,察看胸片不够仔细 ,招飞体检经验不足 ,有的胸片照射部位不全、质量差以及 X线检查仪器陈旧等也严重影响了胸片诊断。　结论　体检医生应加强责任心 ,对有疑问者应作进一步检查。建议配备先进的 X线检查设备 ,提高体检医师的业务水平 ,加强体检队自身建设 ,…     

20年招飞初检外科淘汰情况分析

目的 结合20年招飞体检外科初检淘汰情况,为进一步提高选拔飞行学员的质量提供理论依据和经验.方法 查阅20年招飞体检外科初检不合格疾病统计表,对外科淘汰原因进行分类统计.结果 在外科淘汰疾病中,身高不足占16.69%、脊柱形态异常占11.67%、肛门疾病占9.61%、皮肤病占8.40%、体质不良占6.85%;另外,体质量超标的学生有逐年增加的趋势.结论 在招飞体检中,应对脊柱形态异常、肛门疾病、皮肤病、体质不良等重点把握,合理把握淘汰标准.     

对在招飞体检中实施全脊柱X线摄片必要性的探讨（摘要）

目的探讨招飞体检中对全脊柱实施X线摄片的必要性。方法对2005-2008年招飞体检中外科检查脊柱外观有阳性体征者进行X线摄片,并对2006-2008年招飞体检中外科检查脊柱外观无阻性体征者随机抽样X线摄片,共543人,对其不合格率、不合格原因及疾病分布情况进行总结分析。结果2005-2008年总共检测学生310人,淘汰110人,淘汰率为35．48％,均为腰椎疾病。2006---2008年随机抽样检钡8233人,不合格37人,不合格率为15．90％。其中颈椎疾病不合格11人,不合格率为4．72％。     

招飞体检对象腰椎拍片意义的分析

2003年济空招飞体检队对体检青年腰椎拍片检查的意义和必要性进行了调研分析,结果如下: 1 对象与方法 1.1 对象 招飞全面体检中外科检查疑有腰椎异常而进行腰椎拍片者364人,均为应届高中毕业男生,年龄17～21岁。 1.2 方法 均常规拍照腰椎正侧位片。其中18人根据腰椎正侧位片提示的征象加拍腰椎双斜位片。     

7430名招飞学生体质调查

根据飞行学员的体检标准。对7430名招飞学生进行了体质调查,高于或低于标准身长、体重者只占6.04％,凡体重为身长-110±10％者多为体质优良。被检者胸经差多在5～10厘米之间,应视为正常范围。若<5厘米或>10厘米则示胸部有发育异常。脊柱发育异常占26.53％,脊柱侧弯Cobb氏角>15度者及X线拍片证实脊柱有先天变异者不适合学习飞行。四肢形态异常者占18.71％,影响操纵飞机。易发生跳伞损伤。 1983年3月空军医院八个体检队在招飞体检中,对7430名参加招飞学生进行了体质调查,现将结果总结如下。     

超声检查在招飞学生胆囊息肉样病变诊断中的价值

胆囊息肉样病变是招飞体检中超声检查淘汰的主要疾病之一.做好胆囊息肉样病变的健康合格鉴定,有利于提高招飞质量,避免漏诊及误诊.因此我们对2001至2012年东北地区招飞学生进行的超声检查资料进行了统计分析. 一、对象与方法 1.对象:参加2001至2012年招飞体检的应届高中生及部分军队、地方大学应届毕业生,均为男性,年龄18～23岁.全部经过眼科、外科、耳鼻喉科(口腔科)、内科和神经精神科检查合格后进入超声检查.     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.