SysmexCA—530型全自动血凝仪的应用体会

CA－５３０型血凝仪是日本东亚医用电子仪器有限公司生产小型全自动血凝仪，它可同时测定多项凝血试验，可以根据不同试验选择不同的实验方法：（１）凝固法；（２）发色底物法。作者对日本Sysmex公司CA－５３０型血凝仪作了初步实验评价如下。１材料与方法１．１仪器日本SysmexCA－５３０型全自动血凝仪。１．２试剂均为配套DADE试剂。１．３方法严格按照仪器操作说明书的要求进行。１．４标本用标准抗凝真空采血试管（内含０．１０９mol／L枸橼酸钠０．２ml）抽血至２．０ml，以３０００r离心１０分钟分离血浆，２h内检测完毕。２结…     

高碘对体外培养的人甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞ＩＬ—１α、ＩＬ—６分泌的影响及意

目的 探讨高碘环境下体外培养的甲状腺滤泡上皮细胞分泌ＩＬ－１α、ＩＬ－６的变化，以及与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（ＡＩＴＤ）的关系。方法 应用原代细胞培养技术，术中取甲状腺瘤旁组织进行培养，然后加入不同浓度的碘继续培养４８h，用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法测定上清液中ＩＬ－１α、ＩＬ－６的含量。结果 当碘浓度为０.１５μg/ml、０.７５μg/ml时，ＩＬ－１α的分泌量啬．增加（与对照组相比Ｐ＜０.０１），当碘浓度为０.７５μg/ml、３.７５μg/ml时，ＩＬ－６的分泌量增加（与对照组相比Ｐ＜０.０１）。结论 高碘可刺激甲状腺细胞分泌更多的ＩＬ－１α、ＩＬ－６。高碘在ＡＩＴＤ发病过程中起重要作用。ＩＬ－１α、ＩＬ－６可做为碘损伤甲状腺细胞的诊断指标。     

神经阻滞加手法治疗枕神经痛112例

Recently，authormanagedoccipitalneuralgiausingnerveblockplusmanualmanagementandfollowedupthetherapeuticef－fect．Hereisthereport．１Subjectandmethod１．１Subject１１２patientswererandomlydivided（seetable１）．１．２MethodBlockliquidcontainedkenacort－A（４０mg），lido－caine（１００mg），VitB１２（１５００μg）．Eventualvolumeofliquidwasenhancedto１０mlbynormalsaline．Studygroupreceivednerveblockplusmanualmanagement．Controlgroupreceivedmanualmanagementalone．Blockdoseandmethodoftwogroups…     

鸡矢藤对癌症疼痛的镇痛效果

我院对３５例重度癌症患者采用鸡矢藤治疗，取得了较好的镇痛效果。现报道如下。１对象与方法１．１对象３５例具有不同程度疼痛症状，诊断明确的癌症病人，男１９例，女１６例；年龄３５～７１（４１±５）岁。其中胃癌１５例、结肠癌１２例、直肠癌８例。根据WHO推荐的线段分级法来作为癌症的判断标准犤１犦。１．２方法采用精制鸡矢藤注射液（２ml／支，河南龟山神草药业公司生产）。开始４ml肌注，１次／８h，若３d后效果不佳改为１０ml加入１０％葡萄糖注射液２００ml，缓慢静滴，２次／d。１．３生存质量评价犤２犦采用Zubrod－E－…     

采用四股半腱肌肌腱和缝线钢板重建前十字韧带后的康复训练

FromMay１９９７toApril２００１，wereconstructedoldanteriorcruciateligament（ACL）injuryusingquadrupled－strandedsemi－tendinosustendonandsutureplateand１－yearrehabilitationexer－cise，andtherapeuticeffectwasfavorable．Hereisthereport．１Subjectandmethod１．１Subjects５１patients（２７malesand２４femalesaged１３～５７years，meanage：２４．７）enteredourstudy．Patientswithseverecompoundinjuriesofposteriorinnerandouterligamentswereex－cludedfromourstudy．AccordingtoLysholmkneescorescale犤１犦…     

多梗死性痴呆患者脑脊液肿瘤坏死因子和神经元特异性烯醇化酶的测定及临床意义

InAsia，theincidencerateofvasculardementiaishigherthanthatofAlzheimer＇sdisease．Vasculardementiaisoneofthemostcommondiseasesofseniledementia．Multi－infarctdementia（MID）isthemostcommontypeinvasculardementia．Inthestudywereporthere，wemeasuredtheconcentrationsofTNF－αandNSEincere－brospinalfluid（CSF）of７２patientswithcerebralinfarction（CI）and５５patientswithMID，soastoevaluatetheroleofthechangesofTNF－αandNSEinthepathogenesisofMID．１Subjectandmethod１．１SubjectThesubjects…     

几种生长因子在成骨细胞移植促进骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程中的动态表达

INTRODUCTIONOsteoblasttransplantwasthoughttobeoneofidealmethodstotreatsenileosteoporosisandfracturecausedbysenility．Wesepa－ratedandculturedosteoblastfromcraniumperiosteumofSDratsandtransplantedthemtoexperimentalbonedefectofsenilerats，thenweobservedexpressionsofvascularendothelialgrowthfactor（VEGF），basicfibroblastgrowthfactor（bFGF）andtransforminggrowthfactorβ１（TGF－β１）indifferentstages[１－２]．MATERIALSANDMETHODSMaterials９６SDratsdeliveredbyexperimentalanimalce…     

椎-基动脉缺血发作与睡眠呼吸障碍

Therelationshipbetweencerebro－vasculardiseases（CVD）andSRBDhasattractedpeople’sattentionmoreandmoreinthepastyears．WepresentinthispapertherelationshipofVBIandSRBDwhichhasnoteverbeenreportedbefore．１Subjectandmethod１．１SubjectFortyfivepatients，male３２，female１３，withanageof２７～７４yearsandanaveragedurationofillnessof２．１years（５daysto１０years）．１．２Criteriaofdiagnosis犤１犦（１）Transientvertigoattacksaccom－paniedbyotherVBIsymptomssuchasdiplopia，scintillation，visua…     

淀粉酶测定难以标准化

淀粉酶测定难以标准化李清华综述杨昌国审校（宁波市临床检验中心，浙江宁波３１５０００）关键词淀粉酶测定方法标准化限定性底物淀粉酶（Ａｍｙ或Ａｍｓ），全称１，４－α－Ｄ－葡聚糖－４－葡聚糖水解酶（ＥＣ．３．２．１．１）．Ａｍｙ催化反应１，４－α－Ｄ－葡聚...     

类CT灌注成像监测奥沙利铂所致肝窦损伤北大核心CSCD

目的评价类CT灌注成像(CTPI)监测奥沙利铂(OXA)化疗致肿瘤患者肝窦损伤的价值。方法纳入128例接受OXA化疗的胃癌或结直肠癌患者,测量其肝脏门静脉灌注量(PVP)、动脉增强分数(AEF)及脾脏体积,比较化疗前、化疗中期(第2~4周期)及化疗末期(第6~8周期)各参数差异;记录化疗前后各时期血小板(PLT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)及谷草转氨酶(GOT),并计算GOT/PLT比值及基于4因子的纤维化指数(FIB-4),比较各时期临床指标差异。采用Spearman相关性分析评价类CTPI参数与临床指标的相关性。结果化疗各期PVP均较化疗前明显降低(P均<0.05),脾脏体积均较化疗前明显增大(P均<0.05),而AEF差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。相比化疗前,化疗后PLT明显降低(P<0.05),GOT、GPT、GOT/PLT比值及FIB-4明显升高(P均<0.05)。PVP变化与GOT/PLT比值、FIB-4及脾脏体积均呈负相关(r=-0.18、-0.28、-0.34,P均<0.05)。结论OXA化疗后类CTPI参数PVP明显降低,且与反映肝窦损伤的实验室指标及脾脏体积变化相关,可作为评估肝窦损伤的敏感指标。     

Changes in some cerebrospinal fluid enzyme activities in patients with various neurological diseases

The authors have examined the activities of the enzymes GOT, CPT, CK, LDH, gamma-GT, PCHE and ALP in the cerebrospinal fluid of 50 patients with various neurological diseases. The results obtained show that many activities constantly and remarkably increase in few diseases of the nervous system. Particularly, GOT, GPT, LDH and ALP demonstrated raised values in the meningitis; LDH, CK, GOT, GPT in the brain tumors; CK and LDH in the hydrocephalus. A comparison between the results of the protein and enzyme determinations in the cerebrospinal fluid of the same patients, revealed in the enzymologic reactions a more precocious and sensitive indicator of initial brain lesions.     

Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation in liver diseases and in asymptomatic HBsAg carriers.

Phytohemagglutin (PHA)-induced lymphocyte transformation was impaired in acute viral hepatitis. It was significantly correlated with grades of liver cell damage as shown by prothrombin time, GOT, or GPT. It was also lower in drug-induced hepatitis and in prolonged hepatitis than in controls. Of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, only those with minimal hepatic change showed lower values in stimulation index as well as incorporated radioactivity.     

The significance of activation of reticuloendothelial function on hepatectomy

The prognosis of patients after massive hepatectomy is poor in certain cases whose hepatic reserve, including reticuloendothelial function, is deteriorated. We administered OK-432 before 70% hepatectomy on rats to activate the reticuloendothelial function and studied its effect on postoperative course. The elevations in plasma endotoxin, GOT and GTP were attenuated, and the deterioration of the complement activity after hepatectomy was greatly improved by OK-432 treatment. The RNA content in the liver was significantly increased by OK-432 administration. These findings suggest that activation of the reticuloendothelial function at the time of massive hepatectomy enhances endotoxin clearance from blood and thereby contributes in lessening the magnitude of hepatic injury, maintaining the serum complement, and improving liver protein synthesis.     

山莨菪碱对失血性休克肝枯否细胞IκB激酶-β的影响及意义

目的 :探讨 IκB激酶 β( IKKβ)在失血性休克肝脏损伤中可能的病理机制以及山莨菪碱 ( 6 5 42 )的治疗作用。方法 :通过失血性休克和内毒素双项打击制备家兔休克模型 ,采用原位杂交方法 ( ISH)结合原位定量分析检测肝枯否细胞 ( KC)中 IKKβ的 m RNA表达 ;用凝胶电泳迁移率改变分析法 ( EMSA)和酶联免疫吸附实验 ( EL ISA)分别检测 KC中 NFκB活性和细胞培养液上清中 TNFα含量 ,并进行肝脏组织的病理学光镜检查。结果 :休克组 KC中 IKKβ的 m RNA表达 ( 0 .2 1± 0 .0 3)、NFкB活性 ( 2 .2 9± 0 .2 5 )和培养液上清中TNFα含量〔( 5 6 0 .2 1± 31.0 4) ng/ L〕均较正常对照组明显增高 ( P均 <0 .0 1)。 6 5 42能明显降低 IKKβm RNA的表达 ( 0 .14± 0 .0 3)、NFκB的活性 ( 1.35± 0 .17)以及 TNFα的含量〔( 30 0 .79± 2 3.47) ng/ L〕,P均 <0 .0 1,并能减轻肝脏组织的损伤程度。结论 :IKKβ激活在失血性休克和内毒素导致的肝脏损伤中起关键作用 ;6 5 42通过抑制 IKKβ表达 ,影响 IKKβ、NFκB和 TNFα信号转导通路 ,发挥对失血性休克继发肝脏损害的保护作用。     

Thermal injury and gastrointestinal function. II. Evidence for the production of hepatic dysfunction in the rat following acute burn injury

Following acute thermal injury to rats produced by scalding water, there was marked elevation of a number of plasma enzyme activities, including GOT, GPT, and 5'-nucleotidase, suggesting hepatic dysfunction. Changes in plasma enzyme activities were observed within minutes following application of acute burn trauma, and remained elevated for at least one month. The magnitude of the elevations of the plasma enzyme activities was dependent upon the length of time the acute burn trauma was applied to the skin and/or the percentage of skin surface area burned. These changes in plasma enzyme activity correlated with histologic examination of the hepatic tissue, indicating single cell necrosis. These data suggest that acute burn trauma to rats is associated with altered hepatic function.     

Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase on Hepatic Transforming Growth Factor β1 and Caspase-3 Activation in Hemorrhage

Objectives: Hemorrhage initiates an inflammatory response that induces the systemic release of cytokines and sequestration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Sequestered polymorphonuclear neutrophils release proteases, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that degrade elements of the extracellular matrix, contributing to the morbidity and mortality seen from hemorrhage. Activation of MMPs may be associated with changes in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) and caspase‐3 signaling pathways. In this study, the authors examined hemorrhage‐induced changes in the expression of rat hepatic MMP‐9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐l), TGF‐β1, and caspase‐3 activities in the presence and absence of the MMP inhibitor hydroxamate. Methods: Hemorrhagic shock was induced in fasted, anesthetized, and cannulated rats by rapid phlebotomy to a mean arterial pressure level of 40 mm Hg, maintained for 90 minutes by withdrawal and infusion of blood, followed by a resuscitation period of lactated Ringer's infusion. Rats received either hydroxamate (25 mg/kg) or vehicle by gavage before hemorrhage. Twenty‐four hours after resuscitation, plasma and liver samples were collected. Liver MMP‐9, TGF‐β1, and caspase‐3 levels were quantified by Western immunoblotting. Plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were determined enzymatically. Results: Plasma GOT, plasma GPT, and liver MMP‐9, TGF‐β1, and caspase‐3 levels were all significantly elevated at 24 hours postresuscitation when compared with the control values. Hepatic TIMP‐1, an in vivo inhibitor of MMP‐9, was unaltered at 24 hours. Hydroxamate treatment reduced GOT, GPT, MMP‐9, TGF‐β1, and caspase‐3 levels at 24 hours. The mortality of hemorrhaged untreated rats was 29% after 24 hours, and pretreatment with hydroxamate reduced mortality to 0%. Conclusions: These results indicate the beneficial effects of MMP inhibitor in preventing an increase in GOT, GPT, MMP‐9, TGF‐β1, and caspase‐3 activity with the potential for improvement of hepatic injury due to hemorrhage.     

Contribution to the definition of reference values of various enzymes in the cerebrospinal fluid

The authors studied the behaviour of a few cerebrospinal fluid enzymes (GOT, GPT, LDH, ALP, CK, gamma-GT, PCHE) obtained from 26 patients without neurologic diseases. The stability of the enzymes has been verified in experimental various conditions, after store of the samples at different times and temperatures. This research has been carried in order to contribute to the determination of the reference values and to relieve their possible alterations.     

肠源性感染致早期肺损伤模型的制备及其机制探讨

目的：制备肠源性感染致早期肺损伤的动物模型,并探讨其作用机制。方法：采用大鼠盲肠结扎并穿孔（ＣＬＰ）造成腹腔感染。分别在术后０、２４、４８、７２、９６、１２０小时处死一组大鼠,检测肺毛细血管通透性、肺湿／干比值,取支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）进行细胞学分析,检测血浆、肺组织和ＢＡＬＦ的内毒素和肿瘤坏死因子（ＴＮＦ）。结果：肺毛细血管通透性、肺湿／干比值和ＢＡＬＦ的中性粒细胞百分率逐渐增加,时间越长     

大鼠腹腔感染致早期肺损伤的实验研究

探讨肠源性感染致早期肺损伤的作用机理。方法,采用大鼠盲肠结扎并并穿民腹腔感染。检测肺毛细管管通透性,取支气管肺泡灌洗液进行细胞学分析,检测血浆,肺组织和ＢＡＬＦ的内毒素和肿瘤坏死因子。结果肺毛细血管通透和ＢＡＬＦ的中性粒细胞百分率逐渐增加,时间越长越明显。血浆、肺组织和ＢＡＬＦ的内毒素逐渐增加,三者之间两两显著相关;ＴＮＦ也逐渐增加,肺组织和ＢＡＬＦ的ＴＮＦ显著相关,两都是民血浆的ＴＮＦ无明显相关