Effect of ionenes on ion permeability of erythrocyte membranes

Ionophore activity of ionenes, like that of polymyxins, is shown to be potentiated by long-chain antiions. Rapid stoichiometric anion equilibration in isoosmotic buffered sugar medium revealed that the amplitude of Cl⁻/OH⁻ exchange in erythrocytes induced by an ionene-detergent complex gradually drops with the decrease of both the charge density and the number of monomeric moieties in the polymeric chain. This is also paralleled by passive K⁺ leakage from the cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 44–46, July, 1994     

Effect of structural modification of membrane proteins on lipid-protein interactions in the human erythrocyte membranes

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol.116, N ^o 11, pp. 488–491, November, 1993     

Interaction of ceruloplasmin with the plasma membrane receptors of CV-1 cells and its feedback regulation

It is shown that cultured cells of the CV-1 line possess the capacity for high-affinity binding of ceruloplasmin, show a kinetics of saturation, and internalize ceruloplasmin. Propagation of cells in medium supplemented with fetal calf serum depleted of ceruloplasmin results in a two-fold increase of high-affinity receptor expression on the cell surface. This phenomenon is not accompanied by any change in the receptor-ligand affinity. Ceruloplasmin binding to the cell surface and subsequent internalization do not lead to its marked degradation. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 4, pp. 417–420, April, 1995 Presented by A. N. Klimov, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Disorders in early embryonal cellular proliferative properties distort the postnatal formation of nervous, immune, and endocrine regulation systems in a newborn

Disorders in the postnatal nervous, immune, and endocrine regulation systems were revealed in the progeny of rats irradiated during the preimplantation period of embryogenesis. These disorders persist till adult age. The direction of disorders confirms the hypothesis about memorization of changed proliferative properties of embryonal cells during the development of the (pro)endocrine system of a new organism. Memorization results in distortion of postnatal nervous immunoendocrine regulation: hypertrophy of the endocrine component and coadaptive underdevelopment of the nervous and immune components. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 164–166, August, 1998     

Structural changes in the erythrocyte plasma membrane in dehydration

Changes in the lipid bilayer and glycocalyx of the erythrocyte plasma membrane are studied by the method of spin labels in dehydrated rats. No appreciable chantes are found in the membrane of erythrocytes from rats deprived of water for 3 days. Changes occur in the glycocalyx after a 6-day dehydration, while a 12-day dehydration induces irreversible changes in the plasma membrane lipids and the erythrocyte surface areas. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 10, pp. 402–404, October, 1996     

Lipid spectrum of erythrocyte membranes in cancer patients

In patients with untreated tumors (lung cancer, head and neck tumors, stomach and colon cancer), erythrocyte membranes are characterized by a decreased content of total lipids together with increased percentage of cholesterol and lysophosphatidylcholine in comparison with healthy individuals. The observed shifts depend on tumor location. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 126, No. 8, pp. 204–206, August, 1998     

Effect of L-arginine-NO system on the erythrocyte ATPase activity and LPO

Activity of Na,K-ATPase in erythrocytes of children with asthmatic bronchitis and cerebral palsy rapidly changed under the effect of NO synthesis inhibitor L-NAME and did not depend on the plasma Ca²⁺ concentration. Enzyme activities correlated with the content of Mg²⁺; and a tendency toward accumulation of LPO substrates and primary molecular LPO products was noted. The relative content of Schiff bases increased almost 2-fold. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 9, pp. 321–323, September, 1999     

The role of the composition and gas-transporting function of the blood in the fluctuations of the electrical properties of the epidermis and subepidermal tissues

Changes in the composition and gas-transporting function of the blood contribute to the formation of the total electrical impedance of the epidermis, subepidermal connective tissue, and muscles. It is concluded that time fluctuations of the impedance result from the summated influence of the factors characterizing the modulations of the tissue oxygen consumption. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, N ^o 1, pp. 100–102, January, 1996 Presented by V. P. Kaznacheev, Member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences     

Role of cell signaling systems in the regulation of Ca2+-activated potassium channels in erythrocytes

The effect of inhibitors of calmodulin and protein kinase C, complex [AlF₄]⁻, and potassium channel blockers on the parameters of calcium-induced hyperpolarization in human erythrocytes is studied by recording proton distribution between the cytoplasm and incubation medium in the presence of a protonophore. It is shown that the calmodulin inhibitor dis-C₃-5, the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine, and the blocker of highconductance calcium-activated potassium channels considerably suppress the calciuminduced hyperpolarization in erythrocytes. High concentration of [AlF₄]⁻ in the incubation medium inhibits hyperpolarization. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 6, pp. 653–655, June, 1997     

Involvement of fibronectin and interacting serum components in the regulation of activity of human natural killer cells

The cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells and the intensity of conjugate formation are studiedin vitro in the natural cytotoxicity reaction against³H-uridine-labeled human erythromyeloleukotic cells K-562 in the presence of fibronectin, γ-globulin, and fibronectin/γ-globulin combination. It is demonstrated that fibronectin does not change natural cytotoxicity, γ-globulin increases the activity of human natural killer cells, and the fibronectin — γ-globulin combination increases both the intensity of conjugate formation and the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N ^o 7, pp. 54–59, July, 1994     

The effect of dialysis membranes on lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes of patients with terminal renal insufficiency

The content of malonic dialdehyde is shown to be significantly increased in the erythrocytes of patients as compared to the control. During hemodialysis using a regenerated cellulose membrane, the level of malonic dialdehyde reliably increased after 30 min of treatment (p<0.05) and dropped to the initial level following 180 min of hemodialysis. The level of membrane malonic dialdehyde on the erythrocytes remained at the pre-dialysis level at the 30th and 180th min of hemodialysis when a polysulfone membrane was used. It may be assumed that the activation of lipid peroxidation is due to the interaction of cells with the dialysis membrane and can be considered as one of the markers of biocompatibility. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 118, N^ulo 11, pp. 460–462, November, 1994     

Peculiarities of Ca2+-induced erythrocyte response in patients with lung cancer undergoing antitumor chemotherapy

Characteristics of changes in the membrane potential induced by increased Ca²⁺ inward current in patients with lung cancer are presented. Both the amplitude and the rate of hyperpolarization induced by opening of Ca²⁺-activated potassium channels are markedly decreased in erythrocytes from patients in comparison with healthy donors. Under conditions of moderate Ca²⁺ inward current, hyperpolarization is followed by restoration of the membrane potential. This process is more rapid in cancer patients. It is shown that the parameters of hyperpolarization, in their dynamics during antitumor therapy depend on the type of lung cancer. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 124, No. 8, pp. 195–198, August, 1997     

Disturbances of the adrenergic innervation of the stomach in rats with stable control of cardiovascular functions during emotional stress

Analysis of the dynamics of the blood pressure and heart rate in Wistar rats during acute immobilization stress revealed stability of the cardiovascular function during emotional stress. Meawhile these animals showed increased sensitivity of the adrenergic component of the sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the stomach, as a result of which degenerative changes developed in that organ. Emotional stress was found to be accompanied by successive phases of disturbances of adrenergic innervation: mobilization of adrenergic innervation alternated with its exhaustion.P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, united with Department of Normal Physiology, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. S. Debov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 84, No. 10, pp. 505–507, October, 1977.     

Electron microscopic examination of the interaction between human erythrocytes and liposomes containing DC-Cholesterol

Human erythrocytes treated with cationic liposomes containing DOPC/DC cholesterol (2∶3 mol/mol) or DOPE/DC cholesterol (2∶3 mol/mol) are studied by electron microcopy. DOPE-containing liposomes exhibit a markedly greater ability to interact with the erythrocyte surface and to initiate a mosaic structure represented by smooth and rough surfaces on freeze-fractures of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. The interaction between DOPE/DC-cholesterol-containing liposomes and the plasma membrane provides the basis for using these liposomes to deliver DNA into the cell cytoplasm. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 122, No. 7, pp. 83–86, July, 1996     

Effect of sodium hydroxybutyrate on the regional circulation and nervous regulation of vascular tone

The effect of sodium hydroxybutyrate (40, 100, and 200 mg/kg) on the cirulation in the aorta and the carotid, mesenteric, and femoral arteries (using electromagnetic recording of the blood flow), the tonic activity in the sympathetic nerves, and the EEG was studied in experiments on anesthetized and unanesthetized cats and also on immobilized, unanesthetized dogs. Decreased activity of the sympathetic nerves and synchronization of the EEG under the influence of sodium hydroxybutyrate were found to be associated with a marked increase in the circulation in the regional vessels (of the brain, intestine, and limb) and by a decrease in their resistance, which was particularly marked in the system of the common carotid arteries. An effect of sodium hydroxybutyrate on the central regulation of vascular tone is postulated.Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Zakusov.Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 71–74, August, 1975.