阿仑膦酸钠对破骨细胞分化中c—fos基因表达的影响

目的探讨阿仑膦酸钠对破骨细胞分化中c—fos基因的作用机制。方法将不同浓度的阿仑膦酸钠作用于小鼠破骨细胞,采用Western blot检测小鼠破骨细胞分化中c—fos基因的表达情况。结果阿仑膦酸钠组TRAP阳性破骨细胞数目和c—fbs基因的表达显著低于空白对照组;且加入10^-4mol／L、10^-6mol／L、10^-8mol／L浓度阿仑膦酸钠后,c—fos表达受抑制程度依次增强;而在10^-8mol／L、10^-10mol／L、10^-12mol／L浓度中,c—fos表达受抑制程度依次减弱。结论阿仑膦酸钠可使破骨细胞分化中的c—fos基因受到抑制,其抑制程度与阿仑膦酸钠的浓度有关,10^-8mol／L浓度时抑制作用最强。     

阿仑膦酸钠对破骨细胞分化中c-fos基因表达的影响

目的探讨阿仑膦酸钠对破骨细胞分化中c-fos基因的作用机制。方法将不同浓度的阿仑膦酸钠作用于小鼠破骨细胞,采用Western blot检测小鼠破骨细胞分化中c-fos基因的表达情况。结果阿仑膦酸钠组TRAP阳性破骨细胞数目和c-fos基因的表达显著低于空白对照组;且加入10-4mol/L、10-6mol/L、10-8mol/L浓度阿仑膦酸钠后,c-fos表达受抑制程度依次增强;而在10-8mol/L、10-10mol/L、10-12mol/L浓度中,c-fos表达受抑制程度依次减弱。结论阿仑膦酸钠可使破骨细胞分化中的c-fos基因受到抑制,其抑制程度与阿仑膦酸钠的浓度有关,10-8mol/L浓度时抑制作用最强。     

帕米膦酸钠对聚乙烯微粒刺激破骨细胞功能的影响

目的：研究帕米膦酸钠对聚乙烯微粒刺激破骨细胞功能的影响，间接探讨帕米膦酸钠防治人工关节无菌性松动的可能性。方法：分离新生新西兰兔长骨中的破骨细胞，与骨片共同培养2、4、6天，试验分3组：对照组、10^9／m1聚乙烯微粒组、10^9／m1聚乙烯微粒和10μg／ml帕米膦酸钠共培养组，观察帕米磷酸钠对破骨细胞骨吸收功能的作用。结果：聚乙烯微粒与破骨细胞共同培养6天可以增强其骨吸收功能，帕米磷酸钠可以抑制聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞的作用。结论：帕米膦酸钠可以抑制聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞的刺激作用，可用来防治人工关节无菌性松动。     

细菌脂多糖对破骨细胞发育的抑制作用研究

目的:寻找调节破骨细胞分化成熟的途径.方法:采用细胞核因子-KB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)体外诱导骨髓单核细胞分化为成熟破骨细胞的培养方法,在培养体系中加入不同浓度细菌脂多糖(LPS),用抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色观察成熟破骨细胞形成情况;实时定量RT-PCR检测LPS处理后破骨细胞前体表达核因子-κB受体活化因子(RANK)和M-CSF受体mRNA.结果:LPS不能刺激骨髓单核细胞形成TRAP阳性的破骨细胞;减少了RANKL诱导的TRAP阳性破骨细胞形成数量;0.2ng/ml和20ng/ml LPS降低了30％和90％RANKL诱导TRAP阳性细胞形成数量(与未加LPS组比较,均P＜0.01);降低破骨细胞前体表达RANK和M-CSFR mRNA.结论:LPS能够抑制RANKL诱导的破骨细胞分化成熟,抑制破骨细胞前体表达RANK和M-CSFR,能够阻断其向成熟分化.     

两种不同细胞培养方法对破骨细胞分化及Notch2基因表达的影响

目的:探讨两种不同培养方法对体外破骨细胞分化的影响,分析破骨细胞分化过程中的关键信号Notch2分子的mRNA和蛋白表达水平的差异,为进一步破骨细胞功能实验奠定基础。方法:单独培养:从4周龄的小鼠腿骨骨髓腔分离骨髓细胞,巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)和破骨细胞生成因子(RANKL)诱导大鼠骨髓细胞形成破骨细胞;共培养:从4周龄的小鼠大腿骨骨髓腔分离骨髓细胞,与原代成骨细胞共培养,VitD3和前列腺素E2(PGE2)诱导。对获得的破骨细胞进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate resistant acid phosphatase,TRAP)染色和细胞计数,并测定破骨细胞分化过程中的关键信号Notch2分子的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果:两种培养方法获得的破骨细胞均为TRAP染色阳性的多核巨细胞;共培养方法得到的破骨细胞数目为(240±36)个/孔,而单独培养法为(160±23)个/孔。共培养组Notch2分子mRNA表达水平为4.1±1.2,单独培养组为2.4±0.6,共培养组高于单独培养组(P<0.05),共培养组Notch2蛋白表达水平亦高于单独培养组。结论:与通过RANKL和M-CSF诱导破骨细胞分化的培养方法相比,利用成骨细胞和破骨前体共培养可诱导出更多的破骨细胞和高水平的Notch2表达。培养方法影响破骨细胞的数量和Notch2基因的表达水平。     

载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥抑制骨水泥微粒诱导的骨吸收

目的　观察载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥对骨水泥微粒诱导的骨吸收的抑制作用。方法　将制作的载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥微粒和骨水泥微粒分别加入鼠骨髓单核细胞培养体系中 ,经 10 -8mol/L 1α ,2 5 (OH) 2 D3 和 10 -7mol/L地塞米松诱导培养 ,于培养 9、 12d时观察多核、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶 (tartrate resistantacidphosphatase,TRAP)染色阳性的破骨样细胞和形成的骨吸收陷窝数量。结果　鼠骨髓单核细胞培养体系中 ,加入载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥微粒后 ,形成的破骨样细胞以及骨吸收陷窝数量明显少于不加或仅加入骨水泥微粒组 (P <0 0 1)。结论　载阿仑膦酸钠骨水泥能够释放出阿仑膦酸钠 ,抑制骨水泥微粒诱导的破骨样细胞的形成和骨吸收作用。     

唑来膦酸影响单个核细胞向破骨细胞分化及RANK表达的研究

目的 研究唑来膦酸(zoledronate,ZLN)对破骨细胞分化及相关信号分子组织蛋白酶K (capthsin K)、细胞核因子κB受体活化因子(receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B,RANK)表达的影响,初步探讨唑来膦酸对破骨细胞分化的影响和机制。 方法 采用核因子κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand,RANKL)诱导小鼠单核巨噬细胞株RAW264.7向破骨细胞分化。在诱导开始时即分成2组:G1组为空白对照组,采用50 ng/ml RANKL诱导;G2组为实验组,从诱导开始就加入1×10-6 mol/L唑来膦酸处理,诱导4 d后收获并进行抗酒石酸磷酸酶(TRAP)染色观察、计算破骨细胞数量并检测TRAP酶活性;采用Real-Time PCR和Western Blot分析组织蛋白酶K、RANK的表达水平。 结果 唑来膦酸组生成的TRAP阳性的破骨样细胞较对照组少且核的数目也较少,唑来膦酸组较对照组破骨细胞生成的数目下降[(62.0±10.2)%,P＜0.05];唑来膦酸组TRAP活性较对照组下降[(31.0±4.1)%,P＜0.05];唑来膦酸组的组织蛋白酶K、RANK基因表达较对照组分别下降[(78.0±4.2)%、(49.0±1.9)%,P＜0.05]。 结论 唑来膦酸通过抑制破骨前体细胞RANK的表达来抑制体外破骨细胞分化。      

小鼠破骨细胞骨髓诱导模型的建立及功能观察

目的 获得大量高质量小鼠破骨细胞,为体外研究破骨细胞骨吸收功能提供丰富的细胞来源.方法 采用巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(maerophage colony stimulating factor,M-CSF)和破骨细胞分化因子(receptor activator of nuclearfactor-κB ligand,RANKL)诱导小鼠骨髓单核细胞分化为破骨细胞,并通过抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(tartrate-resistant acid phos-phatase,TRAP)染色和骨吸收实验来鉴定破骨细胞及其噬骨能力.结果 诱导3 d后可见TRAP( )多核细胞出现,诱导5 d后骨片上可见蓝紫色的吸收陷窝.随着培养时间的延长,TRAP( )多核细胞数目和吸收陷窝呈现时间依赖性增长趋势(P<0.05).结论 M-CSF和RANKL诱导小鼠骨髓单核细胞可产生大量的具有活跃噬骨能力的破骨细胞.     

体外应用不同方法培养破骨细胞的实验对比研究

目的:研究体外应用不同培养方法对所生成的破骨细胞数量及功能的影响?方法:体外采用3种方法培养破骨细胞:A组小鼠骨髓细胞中加入10 ng/ml 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)培养24 h,未贴壁细胞30 ng/ml M-CSF预诱导3 d后,50 ng/ml M-CSF + 100 ng/ml核因子κB受体活化因子配体(RANKL)继续诱导;B组小鼠骨髓细胞与小鼠颅骨成骨细胞以10∶1的比例混合培养,加入1 × 10-6 mol/L 前列腺素E2(PGE2)和1 × 10-8 mol/L 维生素D3(VitD3);C组小鼠单核巨噬细胞系RAW264.7中加入100 ng/ml RANKL诱导培养?检测每组细胞抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)染色情况及牙本质磨片吸收陷窝情况,Real-time PCR检测各组破骨细胞NFATc1?c-Fos表达情况?结果:各组细胞均有TRAP阳性多核破骨细胞生成,并在牙本质磨片上形成吸收陷窝?B组所形成的破骨细胞数量最多,C组次之,A组最少;B组骨吸收陷窝数目最多,陷窝总面积最大,A组其次,C组最差;B组NFATc1?c-Fos表达高于C组及A组,A组表达最差?结论:3种培养破骨细胞的方法相比较,B组在破骨细胞分化和吸收功能方面优于A?C组?A?C组相比较,A组培养的破骨细胞骨吸收功能更强,C组所培养的破骨细胞分化更佳?     

二磷酸盐在抑制聚乙烯微粒刺激破骨细胞骨吸收中的作用

目的:研究帕米磷酸钠对聚乙烯微粒刺激破骨细胞功能的影响,探讨帕米磷酸钠防治人工关节无菌性松动的可能性.方法:分离新生新西兰兔长骨中的破骨细胞与骨片共同培养.观察帕米磷酸钠、聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞功能的影响.观察不同剂量的聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞的影响;观察聚乙烯微粒与帕米磷酸钠共同培养对破骨细胞的作用.结果:三种浓度的微粒(103/ml、106/ml和109/ml)与破骨细胞共培养后都能够刺激破骨细胞的骨吸收,10μg/ml的帕米磷酸钠可以抑制聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞骨吸收的增强作用.结论:帕米磷酸钠可以抑制聚乙烯微粒对破骨细胞的刺激作用,可能用于防治人工关节无菌性松动.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.