Military Medicine的多维度知识图谱分析

目的 基于1995-2021年Military Medicine期刊发表的文献,通过3种可视化分析方法构建知识图谱,了解美军军事医学的发展态势。方法 检索1995-2021年Web of Science核心合集数据库,获得Military Medicine期刊发表的文献共8328篇,采用Bibliometrix、VOSviewer和CiteSpace共3种可视化分析方法,绘制Military Medicine发文机构、热点领域和演化趋势的知识图谱。结果 Military Medicine最主要的发文机构为美军军医大学、沃尔特里德国家军事医疗中心和布鲁克陆军医学中心等军事医学研究机构;热点领域为精神心理健康、运动生理学和创伤救治等,均与军人健康维护和效能提升密切相关。结论 构建Military Medicine知识图谱,可以直观、高效、全面地分析其发展脉络和整体趋势,为了解美军军事医学的发展态势提供借鉴和参考。     

基于SCI的军事医学核心期刊文献计量分析研究

目的：以SCI收录的两种军事医学领域核心期刊美国《军事医学》（ Military Medicine ）和英国《皇家陆军医疗队杂志》（ Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps）发表的文献为研究对象,分析军事医学领域核心作者、重要研究机构和研究热点,有效揭示军事医学学科领域的发展现状。方法利用Citespace 和Excel对论文作者、发文机构、关键词和被引频次等数据进行统计分析。结果与结论在SCI数据库中军事医学领域的核心作者和重要机构主要集中在美、英等国家,其中美国在军事医学研究领域处于领先地位。军事医学的研究热点主要集中在平战时创伤及救治、军人心理健康问题、退伍军人的生活状态及健康维护、军队流行病学及其预防研究等方面。该文将为研究人员和科研管理人员了解军事医学领域核心作者、重要研究机构和研究热点,拓展军事医学研究思路提供参考。     

美军卫勤模拟仿真发展与启示

目的探讨美军卫勤模拟仿真的发展现状及对我军的启示。方法采用情报调研、文献计量、知识图谱等方法,分析美军卫勤模拟仿真的基本概念、体系框架、科研分布和重点领域。结果美军卫勤模拟仿真发展较为成熟,其全球影响力正逐渐扩大;美国空军和海军是从事卫勤模拟仿真研究最为重要的机构,与英国和加拿大军队也有一定的合作;美军卫勤模拟仿真研究的重点领域包括卫勤指挥模拟仿真和医疗救治模拟训练。结论我军应借鉴美军卫勤模拟仿真的成功经验,构建标准化平台,加强与地方高水平科研机构合作,围绕目前亟需解决的卫勤保障问题开展研究。     

军事医学科研机构文献集的构建及分析

目的：探索建立各国军事医学科研机构文献集的技术路径,并研究文献集的分析角度。方法通过语义分析,总结军事医学科研机构名称的规律,结合专家咨询得到“军事医学科研机构检索词集”;并以此进行检索,对得到的发文机构进行人工筛选,得出各军事医学科研机构名称;然后以此机构名称进行组配检索,得到军事医学科研机构文献集。结果结合不同的情报分析需求,可从机构规模、机构发展类型、机构影响力等角度对军事医学科研机构文献集进行分析。结论基于“军事医学科研机构检索词集”筛选得到的军事医学科研机构,新增了军事医学情报跟踪以往未被关注的军事医学科研机构。对发文和引文数量大、发文量呈暴发式增长或急剧衰退、研究方向至关重要的文献集要进行重点分析。     

BMJ Military Health期刊知识图谱分析及其借鉴

目的 构建英国BMJ Military Health期刊的知识图谱,分析和挖掘2011年以来该期刊发表论文情况,为我军医学期刊及研究机构了解该刊发展现状及开展相关工作提供有价值的参考借鉴。方法 检索2011—2022年Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的BMJ Military Health期刊论文,共得到1475条文献记录。采用Hiscite、VOSviewer、CiteSpace等分析工具构建知识图谱。结果 BMJ Military Health期刊被引频次呈现逐年快速增长趋势,表明英军军事医学已经受到国际越来越多的关注。该刊以军事医学为基本定位,聚焦军队人员重大慢病防控、创伤损伤救治及运动医学研究,其军事医学研究注重团队优势,军地融合程度较高,基础研究与临床实践的衔接性较高。此外,该期刊鼓励在国家层面、机构层面、作者层面合作发表论文。结论 构建BMJ Military Health期刊知识图谱,可以高效、全面、系统地了解该期刊的现状及发展态势。     

美国陆海空三军军事医学科研机构专利对比分析

专利文献是一种重要的科技信息源,利用THOMSON INNOVATION专利数据库对美国陆、海、空三军军事医学科研机构专利文献数据进行分析,可获得这些机构整体专利格局和分布状况,进而揭示其科研成果特点、军地合作情况,为我军军事医学科技创新发展提供启示与借鉴.     

外军卫勤研究系列讲座（30）： 美军“部队健康全面保护”构想形成动因及实践

“部队健康全面保护”构想（简称“构想”）是美军“2010年联合构想”的一部分,是指导美军卫生建设的重要文件,也是美军多次军事行动卫勤保障实践经验教训的总结。该“构想”强调健康促进、伤病预防和战救勤务并重,从强调伤后急救,转变为重视伤病预防。随着美军转型的推进,在近几年的实践中,“构想”已经对美军的卫勤保障和军事医学产生了重大影响,研究该“构想”形成的动因和发展趋势,是借鉴其理念和经验的前提。     

透视美军"部队健康全面保护"构想

“部队健康全面保护”构想是美军军事医学的纲领性文件，是系列的健康保护规划，是美军“2010年联合构想”的卫生勤务子构想。其核心思想是强健促进、伤病预防、战救勤务并重，全面保持、恢复和提高军人健康。该构想对美军军事医学产生了重要影响，对我军也有重要启示。     

远程医学系统在军队的发展与应用

自１９８８年美国首次提出远程医学系统以来,远程医学系统发展迅猛,且很快在军队推广。如美军１９９１年海湾战争以来运用远程医学系统,已解决了许多远程诊治问题。我军远程医学系统虽然起步较晚,但发展很快,并产生了较好的社会效益。１美军远程医学发展与应用情况 １９９１年,美军在海湾战争中成功运用了远程医学技术。１９９２年,美军医科大学召开了第７届军事医学大会,讨论了现代军事医学所面临的问题及远程医学在现代军事医学中的作用。１９９３年３月在索马里维和行动中,美军对全球远程医学活动进行了尝试,整个维和行动中,…     

论军事医学系统的技术要素

军事医学技术要素是为保障部队战斗力而逐步形成的各类手段和方法。其作用主要包括：实施卫勤保障的主要手段、决定卫生勤务的组织形态、促进军事医学科学的发展3个方面;军事医学技术要素在演化形成过程中具有与军事需求的自适应、与医学技术相互促进、依赖科学技术发展的三个主要特点;本文还从军事医学技术创新工程和价值实现的角度对军事医学技术创新进行了初步的探讨。     

肿瘤学与军事医学关系初探

目的：初步探究肿瘤学与军事医学的关系,以消除军队肿瘤学创新发展的理论障碍。方法基于引文网络的文献证据获取。结果我军及外军都有肿瘤学的应用性研究,包括军队中的淋巴组织肿瘤问题、第二次世界大战中388名何杰金病军队患者的长期存活问题、原西德军队中的白血病问题、军队中的黑色素瘤等。外军还有一些文献特别关注了特种武器装备、特别军事行动、特殊军事环境相关的肿瘤流行病学问题,如核武器试验后的癌症问题,越南战争、海湾战争后的肿瘤发生问题。美国还设有专门的军事癌症研究所,2001～2013年共发表了206篇文献。结论密切肿瘤学与军事医学的关系,应当准确把握军队医学与军事医学的关系,充分借鉴外军发展肿瘤学的有益经验,深入挖掘肿瘤学的军事医学价值。     

生成论视角下军事医学的创生与演进

军事医学是在军事与一般医学环境中生成的开放、复杂系统。军事医学的创生,是指随着系统环境的变化,一般医学中原本并不存在的军事医学特殊知识、专门技术、勤务管理的产生和出现,以及在新知识、新技术与新勤务基础上军事医学新学科、新体系、新体制的产生和出现。军事医学在整体层面的创生表现为军事医学系统的演进。     

The medical care system and medical readiness training exercises (MEDRETEs) in Honduras

Honduras is the second largest and one of the least urbanized of the six Central American countries. Beginning with Big Pine II Military maneuvers in August 1983, U.S. military medical personnel based in Palmerola, Honduras, have been involved with a civic action-type training activity termed the Medical Readiness Training Exercise (MEDRETE). Medical officer and enlisted medics from the three services have had the opportunity to receive military medicine training in a Third World environment. The planning, preparation, and initiation of these training missions and the benefits to the participants and recipients are discussed.     

Main Military Medical Headquarters is two centuries

Basing on the wide spectrum of sources the authors describe the history of creation, formation and functioning of the military medicine central headquarters in Russia, i.e. the Main Military Medical Headquarters. Control of military and civil medicine in Russia had a rich history. In XVI-XVII centuries there was a Pharmaceutical order in the system of State apparatus which served as the highest headquarters of health service in the country till 1707. Subsequently the problems of military and civil medicine were in charge of Pharmaceutical office (since 1707), Medical board (since 1721), Medical office (since 1725), Doctors' assembly (since 1730), Medical office (since 1732), Medical board (since 1763) and the 3rd expedition of Ministry of Home Affairs (1803-1805). In XIX the Medical expedition solved all the problems connected with control of military medical service. Later on this work was conducted by the Medical department of Military Ministry and since 1867 it was in charge of the Main Military Medical Headquarters. The experience of wars and armed conflicts confirms the necessity of strategic planning and development of modern military health service which is successfully coordinated by the main headquarters of Russian Armed Forces medical service during two centuries. Today the RF MD Main Military Medical Headquarters is the central organ in the system of RF Ministry of Defense, which heads the whole medical service of the Armed Forces of our country.     

论军事医学系统特征

本文研究目的是揭示军事医学系统的特征。作者研究提出了军事医学系统具有整体性、层次性、稳定性、动态性、闭合性、开放性等一般系统的共同特征形式和不同特征内涵;军事医学与医学和军事学之间存在一定的自相似性;军事医学是一个兼具科学系统、技术系统和工程系统特征的复合系统,以技术系统的主体特征和工程系统的目的特征为主;军事医学系统是一个要素多元、属性多维、系统内外的线性作用与非线性作用并存、系统运动的他组织与自组织相融合、具有自身学习适应性的复杂人工系统。     

论军事医学系统特征

本文研究目的是揭示军事医学系统的特征。作者研究提出了军事医学系统具有整体性、层次性、稳定性、动态性、闭合性、开放性等一般系统的共同特征形式和不同特征内涵;军事医学与医学和军事学之间存在一定的自相似性;军事医学是一个兼具科学系统、技术系统和工程系统特征的复合系统,以技术系统的主体特征和工程系统的目的特征为主;军事医学系统是一个要素多元、属性多维、系统内外的线性作用与非线性作用并存、系统运动的他组织与自组织相融合、具有自身学习适应性的复杂人工系统。     

An innovative medical civil-military operation training program

The San Antonio Military Pediatric Center has developed an innovative humanitarian civic assistance (HCA) program. Many medical HCA programs focus on short-term medical interventions and provide transient benefit. To have a more lasting impact, this program focuses on public health surveillance. U.S. military medics conduct random household nutritional surveys and train in austere settings and on rounds in Honduran hospitals. Since 2001, >200 military medics have been trained in population assessment, primary medical care in developing nations, and other skills critical for medical civil-military operations. All activities are coordinated with the host nation. Public health data are collected and reported to Honduran public health leaders, the U.S. Agency for International Development, and nongovernmental organizations, to assist with program and policy development. This innovative project is a potential model to improve both military training and host nation benefit from HCA programs.     

Military graduate medical education in internal medicine: an outcomes study

Military graduate medical education has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years as the size of the military medical force declines. To document the outcomes of military graduate medical education in internal medicine, a cohort of Air Force internal medicine residency graduates from Wright-Patterson Medical Center were studied and their residency performance, staff performance, and active duty retention recorded. The study cohort had an outstanding residency performance, as measured by research experience and board certification rate. They also performed well as military staff physicians, receiving numerous individual military medals while holding important administrative and supervisory positions in the military. Finally, the study cohort had a higher than expected active duty retention rate. These findings support the notion that military graduate medical education in internal medicine produces outstanding military internists.     

The Walter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website: a tool for military-wide provider and patient education

OBJECTIVES: Military medical subspecialists consult with referring physicians, direct patient care and education, support isolated subspecialists, and maintain cohesive readiness plans. The World Wide Web appears promising in fulfilling these roles. METHODS: A website providing directed resources, the Walter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website (http:@www.wramc.amedd.army. mil/departments/medicine/nephro/NEPHROLOGY/index.htm!), is described in the context of its role in military medicine and online publishing. RESULTS: The Walter Reed Army Medical Center Nephrology Service website provides educational resources for both patients and physicians worldwide. It remains the only Army internal medicine website to offer online category I continuing medical education credits free to military physicians, and it also allows online graduate medical education. CONCLUSIONS: Military medical subspecialty programs can use the World Wide Web to provide consultation and education to distant and isolated patients and providers in a practical, feasible manner. This process can be expanded to education in operational medicine and other military-specific medical topics.