纤维支气管镜检查298例分析

纤维支气管镜(以下简称纤支镜)检查是诊治呼吸系统疾病的一个重要手段,应用领域越来越广泛.现将我院自2007年12月-2009年3月接受纤支镜检查的298例患者的检查结果分析如下. 1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料 298例患者中男180例,女118例,年龄15～82岁,平均(53.0±18.6)岁.1.2 方法分析患者的临床资料.     

老年重症肺炎患者纤支镜吸痰灌洗治疗预后不良的影响因素

目的 分析老年重症肺炎患者纤支镜吸痰灌洗治疗预后不良的影响因素.方法 回顾性分析60例重症肺炎经纤支镜吸痰灌洗治疗有效的老年患者临床资料,纳入预后良好组;将同期60例重症肺炎纤支镜吸痰灌洗治疗无效的老年患者临床资料纳入预后不良组.统计两组基线资料,分析老年重症肺炎患者纤支镜吸痰灌洗治疗预后不良的影响因素.结果 两组吸烟...     

成人先天性心脏病相关感染性心内膜炎单中心回顾性分析

目的 对先天性心脏病感染性心内膜炎患者的临床资料进行单中心回顾性分析.方法 从广东省人民医院成人心脏超声心动图数据库中,检索自2011年1月1日至2018年12月31日成人先天性心脏病患者的临床资料,并使用excel软件筛选功能配合人工,筛选并发感染性心内膜炎的患者.对这些患者的临床资料进行Logistic二元回归分析...     

肺穿针胸膜活检对胸腔积液病因的诊断价值

渗出性胸腔积液是常见的临床病症,病因很多,临床表现无特异性,故病因诊断相对困难.我们收集了61例胸腔积液患者行胸膜活检的临床资料,以期为临床实践提供依据. 临床资料 1.一般资料:收集2010年3月～2010年8月解放军309医院28例胸腔积液患者和2010年9月～2011年10月本钢胸科医院33例胸腔积液患者的临床资料,共计61例.其中男38例,女23例,年龄19～74岁.X线胸片检查示右侧胸腔积液30例,左侧胸腔积液27例,双侧胸腔积液4例.     

胆源性肝脓肿42例临床分析

胆系疾病是细菌性肝脓肿的主要易患因素.为加强对胆源性肝脓肿的认识,并为临床工作提供参考,现将我院近年的胆源性肝脓肿临床资料进行回顾性分析和总结.一、资料与方法1.资料:收集2005年7月至2010年7月我科住院患者中的细菌性肝脓肿患者105例.2.统计指标:统计患者临床表现、原发疾病、实验室及影像学检查、病原学及药敏检查、治疗方法及临床疗效.     

老年卒中后认知障碍的临床特征及影响因素

目的 观察老年患者卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)的临床特征及影响因素.方法 2017年9月—2018年7月,纳入上海市静安区闸北中心医院神经内科收治的初发非心源性缺血性脑卒中老年患者138例.收集患者的一般资料、影像学资料及实验室检查资料.分别于入院时(T0)和卒中后1 (T1)、3(T2)、6个月(T3),观察患者的蒙特...     

老年肾功能不全患者并发心律失常的危险因素分析

目的 探讨老年肾功能不全患者并发心律失常的危险因素.方法 选2016年1月至2020年5月入住本院治疗的200例老年肾功能不全患者,年龄>60岁,分观察组与对照组,每组各100例.观察组为肾功能不全并发心律失常患者,对照组为无合并心律失常患者.收集患者的一般资料、生化指标、超声心动图和心电图资料,比较两组患者的潜在危险...     

乙型肝炎病毒相关再生障碍性贫血12例临床特征分析

本研究回顾了12例HBV相关再生障碍性贫血(hepatitisassociated aplastic anemia,HAAA)患者临床资料,探讨本病发病机制、临床特征、诊治方案以及预后转归等特点,现报道如下. 一、资料与方法 1.研究对象:收集1996年1月至2011年6月河北医科大学第三医院感染科、肝病科以及血液科收治获得性再生障碍性贫血(aplastic anemia,AA)患者中筛查HAAA患者资料.     

老年住院患者甲状腺功能状态分析

资料显示老年甲状腺功能减退占老年住院患者的14.78％,亚临床甲减占老年住院患者的2.17％[1].本文对老年住院患者甲状腺功能进行检测,进一步探讨老年患者甲状腺功能状况及与各种急慢性疾病的关系.1资料与方法1.1一般资料2009年3月至2010年12月我院内科住院老年患者190例,其中男86例,女104例,年龄63 ～ 88[平均(74.3±3.7)]岁.其中多脏器病变患者65例,心功能不全患者31例,恶性肿瘤患者14例,低蛋白血症患者22例,感染患者58例.排除有垂体疾病史或试验期间服用抗甲状腺药物的病例.     

MOB1表达水平与非小细胞肺癌切除术后疾病进展风险的相关性

目的 探讨单极纺锤体-结合蛋白1(MOB1)表达水平与非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)切除术后疾病进展风险的相关性.方法 选择2018年1月至2019年9月于我院就诊的85例NSCLC患者.收集患者临床资料,影像学资料,病理学资料及MOB1表达水平;两组患者均行NSCLC切除术,术后随访1年,根据患者疾病进展情况分为进展组和...     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.