鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗体会

目的 探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤手术入路选择、手术技巧及临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2000年2月至2006年10月手术治疗的45例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,14例经单侧额下入路,15例经翼点入路,9例经眶额翼点入路,7例扩大经额入路.结果 肿瘤全切除42例,大部分切除3例;术后视力改善33例,无明显变化9例,3例恶化.结论 根据肿瘤大小、部位、生长方式及毗邻关系选择正确的手术入路并结合熟练的显微外科手术操作是全切除肿瘤及获得良好临床疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To study the surgical approaches, operative techniques and curative effects of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Method Retrospective analysis was made on 45 cases of tuberculum sellae meningiomas operated with a variety of surgical approaches. In 14 patients,the tumors were removed through unilateral subfrontal approach, 15 through pterional approach,9 through fronto - orbital craniotomy and 7 through extended frontal approach. Results Of the 45 cases, tumor was totally removed in 42 cases, subtotally removed in 3. Postoperatively, the eyesight was improved in 33 cases, unchanged in 9 cases, and worse in 3 cases. Conclusions The surgical approach for tuberculum sellae meningioma should be chosen according to the size, location, growth pattern and adjacent relation of tumor. The microsurgical skill is the key for total removal of tumor and good curative effect.     

颅内室管膜下瘤的诊断和显微外科治疗(附33例报告)

目的 探讨颅内室管膜下瘤的临床特点和治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析北京天坛医院收治的33例室管膜下瘤患者的临床特点、诊断和治疗.结果 本组33例,男19例,女14例;年龄2～54岁,平均27.4岁;第四脑室13例,侧脑室18例,脑内2例.MRI T1WI呈等或略低信号,T2WI呈高信号;22例无强化,11例呈片状、结节或条索样轻度强化.侧脑室18例,手术全切13例,近全切除5例.第四脑室13例,手术全切3例,近全切除7例,大部切除3例.脑内2例均近全切除.结论 颅内室管膜下瘤少见,影像学有显著特征,有助于术前诊断,显微外科治疗手术全切除预后好.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment of intracranial subependymoma.Method 33 patients with intracranial subependymoma treated with microneurosurgical management at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from 1998 to 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results In this serials,19 patients were in male and 14 patients in female.Tumors located in the lateral ventricles in 18 cases,located in the fourth ventricle in 13 cases,intra-brain tissue in 2 cases.On MRI scans,the tumors showed iso/hypointensity on T1-weighted and hyperintensity on T2-weighted images.On enhanced scans,the tumors showed no enhancement or only slightly enhancement.Tumors located in the lateral ventricles,were totally removed in 13 cases and subtotal in 5 cases;tumors located in the fourth ventricle,were totally removed in 3 cases, subtotally in 7 cases and partial in 3 cases; tumors were subtotally removed in 2 cases in intra-brain tissue type.Conclusions MRI may contribute to diagnose the intracranial subependymoma and surgical management.Radical resection usually contributes to a good outcome.     

经翼点硬膜外入路切除前床突脑膜瘤

目的 探讨经翼点硬脑膜外入路在前床突区脑膜瘤切除术中的应用. 方法 南京医科大学附属脑科医院神经外科自2007年6月至2010年5月采用经翼点硬脑膜外入路手术切除前床突脑膜瘤17例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料和疗效. 结果 本组肿瘤全切除12例,次全切除4例,大部切除1例.15例视力障碍患者中11例视力、视野改善,3例无明显变化,1例视力下降.本组无死亡病例. 结论 经翼点硬脑膜外入路手术切除前床突脑膜瘤,有利于肿瘤基底部的血供阻断和前床突下肿瘤与颈内动脉的分离.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the application of pterional extradural approach in surgery of anterior clinoidal meningioma resection. Methods The clinical data and treatment efficacy of 17 patients with clinoidal meningiomas, admitted to our hospital and performed surgery via a pterional extradural approach from June 2007 to May 2010, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 17 patients with clinoidal meningiomas, 12 received total removal of the tumors, 4 subtotal removal and 1 partial removal. Of the 15 patients with pre-operative visual failure, 11 were markedly improved in visual acuity and visual field, 3 with no obvious changes and 1 with hypopsia. No death was noted.Conclusion The pterional extradural approach in anterior clinoidal meningioma resection can help to block the blood supply to the tumor base and detach the infra-clinoidal tumor from the internal carotid artery.     

海绵窦海绵状血管瘤的影像特征和显微手术

目的 总结海绵窦海绵状血管瘤的诊断和手术治疗经验,探讨其影像特征和手术要点.方法 对2001年10月至2008年10月收治并手术切除的13例海绵窦海绵状血管瘤进行回顾性分析.病灶最大径3.5～6 0 cm,均经MRI证实和显微手术切除.结果 病变被全切除9例,大部切除3例,活检1例,无手术死亡.海绵窦神经保留情况:8例保留动眼神经;9例保留三叉神经第Ⅱ、Ⅲ支;其余均未能保留.结论 海绵窦海绵状血管瘤可以根据其MRI的特征性影像获得确诊.合适的手术人路、娴熟的显微外科技术是全切肿瘤的必备条件.海绵窦内神经的保留仍然是未能完全解决的问题.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the imaging character and surgical therapy of cavernous hemangiomas in cavernous sinus ( CSHs) .Method From 2001 to 2008, 13 patients with CSHs were surgically treated in our department.The diameters of CSHs varied from 3.5 cm to 6.0 cm.Results All the patients were operated on with no mortality.Complete tumor removal was achieved in 9 cases, partial tumor removal in 3 cases, and biopsy in 1 case.Cranial nerve Ⅲ was preserved in 8 cases and cranial nerves V2,V3 in 9 cases.In the other cases, cranial nerves in cavernous sinus were sacrificed unavoidably.Conclusions CSHs can be diagnosed preoperatively according to MRI and can be removed successfully by experienced surgeons who are familiar with operative approaches and microsurgical technique.However,great efforts should be made to decrease postoperative cranial nerve deficits.     

海绵窦海绵状血管瘤的手术治疗

目的 探讨海绵窦海绵状血管瘤的治疗方法.方法 对我院2000年6月至2010年7月以来收治的13例海绵窦海绵状血管瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 2例患者仅行开颅探查术,其余11例行手术切除,肿瘤均完全切除,无手术死亡病例,术后视力改善者3例,5例出现动眼神经麻痹,其中3例伴有外展神经麻痹,4例出现手术同侧面部麻木.结论 选择合适的手术方式可成功切除海绵窦海绵状血管瘤并减少神经损伤的并发症.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the treatment of cavernous sinus hemangioma Method The clinical data of 13 cavernous sinus hemangioma patients from June 2000 to July 2010 were analyzed. Results Exploratory craniotomy was used for 2 patients,the tumor was totally removed in 11 patients. There was no postoperative death. There were 3 patients having improved eyesight. The postoperative complications included oculomotor nerve palsy in 5 patients including abducens nerve palsy in 3 patients, and facial paralysis of ipsilateral side in 4 patients. Conclusions Through reasonable approach,cavernous sinus hemangioma could be totally removed with low complication rate.     

蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤术后眼睑下垂相关因素及并发症分析

目的 分析蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤显微手术术后眼睑下垂相关因素及并发症.方法 回顾性研究首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院颅底脑干病房从1993年4月到2008年12月的49例蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤的治疗情况,对可能导致术后眼睑下垂的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 男41例,女38例;平均年龄52.4岁;病史平均20.9个月.最常见症状为脑神经损害,MRI发现肿瘤平均最大径为5.09 cm.30例患者采用额颞人路,14例采用额颞断颧弓人路,5例选用眶颧入路切除肿瘤.肿瘤近全切除率52%,死亡率2%.随访到39例患者,平均随访73.7个月,4例随访中死亡,生存的35例患者中,22例正常生活.多因素分析发现,术后眼睑下垂与海绵窦分级、术前KPS评分及既往手术史相关.结论 蝶窦海绵窦脑膜瘤全切困难,术后最常见并发症是动眼神经麻痹,术后眼睑下垂与海绵窦分级、术前KPS评分及既往手术史相关.术后随访发现肿瘤复发可辅助放疗.

Abstract：

Objective To study the surgical results and complications for sphenocavernous (SC)meningioma patients with special reference to postoperative ptosis.Method 49 consecutive cases of SC meningiomas operated between April 1993 and Dec 2008 in our department were reviewed.All the probable risk factors related to postoperative ptosis were studied with Logistic regression analysis.Results There were 38 female and 11 male patients ( mean age 52.4 years, range 31 ～ 74 years).The mean duration of symptoms was 20.9 months( ranging from 1 week to 108 months).Cranial nerves palsy was the most common presenting symptoms.The mean maximal diameter of tumor on MRI was 5.09 cm.Frontotemporal approach was performed in 30 cases,frontotemporal zygomatic approach in 14 cases and frontotemporal orbitozygomatic osteotomy approach in 5 cases.Subtotal resection was achieved in 52% patients.The surgical mortality was 2%.Follow -up data were available for 39 patients,with a mean follow- up of 73.7 months.Four patients died during follow - up period.Of the 35 living patients, 22 lived a normal life.Multi - factors that might influence ptosis after operation included the grading of cavernous extension, pre - operation KPS and the history of surgery for tumors.Conclusions Complete and safe resection of SC meningioma is difficult.Our experience suggests that the most common complication after SC meningioma surgery is ocular CN dysfunction.The factors relative to postoperative ptosis include the extension to cavernous sinus,pre - operation KPS and history of surgery for meningioma.Gamma knife radiosurgery could be considered as an adjuvant therapy only for recurrent tumors during follow - up period.     

Clinical and pathological features in 49 elderly patients with meningiomas

BACKGROUND: As aging in elderly people, their brain tissue has degeneration and brain atrophy of different severity, and the volume of cranial cavity is relatively enlarged, it has greater compensatory ability to the space occupying lesion, and it is difficult to detect the meningioma because it grows to expand slowly, the tumor locates in non-functional region, and there are atypical symptoms and deficiency of localization signs. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic features of senile meningiomas. DESIGN: A retrospective analysis. SETTING: Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine elderly patients with meningioma were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from May 1999 to March 2005, including 15 males and 34 females, 60–74 years of age, and they were all diagnosed by CT and MRI. METHODS: The sites of tumors were identified by CT and MRI examinations in all the patients. The tumors were partially or totally resected according to their own conditions. The types of the resected tumor were pathologically observed. The conditions of postoperative recovery were observed after 1, 3 and 6 months, and without new neurological dysfunction or complication was considered as good outcome. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Sites and pathological types of the tumor; ② Postoperative outcomes and complications. RESULTS: All the 49 patients were involved in the analysis of results. ① The tumors had wide distributions with a main location in brain convexity. Among the 49 cases of meningioma, there were 25 cases of fibrocystic type, 12 cases of meningothelial type, 6 cases of psammomatous type, 4 cases of angiomatous type and 2 cases of microcystic type. ② Among the 49 patients, 35 had good outcome, 8 had self-care ability, 4 required care by others, 2 (4.1%) died postoperatively. No long-term complication related to the operation was observed during the follow-up postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Meningioma has a main location in brain convexity, and its pathological type is mainly fibrocystic one, and there is good operative outcome.     

改良翼点入路显微切除鞍结节脑膜瘤

Objective To summarize the experience with modified transpterygoid craniotomy for microsurgical resection of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 26 patients with tuberculum sellae meningiomas admitted between January, 2001 and April, 2007 in our hospital to receive microsurgical meningioma removal using a modified transpterional approach. The basal part of the tumor was firstly coagulated and dissected to control the blood supply of the lesion. Through the cerebral cisterns in the sellar region and the interfaces between the tumor and the adjacent structures, the tumor was removed to the greatest possible extent with minimal invasiveness to the neighboring structures. Results Simpson grade Ⅰ resection was achieved in 11 patients, grade Ⅱ resection in 14 patients, and grade Ⅲ resection in 1 patient. The visual acuity and the optic field were improved in 23 patients, and remained unchanged in 1 patient after the operation. Two patients had postoperative visual acuity deterioration, which was improved after appropriate treatment. Seven patients developed diabetes insipidus after the operation, and gradually recovered after symptomatic treatments for about 10 days without fatal consequences. Follow-up for 6 months to 5 years found no recurrence of meningiomas in these patients. Conclusions The modified transpterional approach provides excellent exposure of the middle fossa, anterior cranial fossa, saddle and parasellar areas, and is effective for different types of tuberculum seilae meningiomas with increased total resection rate and reduced postoperative complications.     

枕大孔区肿瘤的分型及手术入路选择

目的 探讨枕大孔区肿瘤的分型及手术入路.方法 回顾性分析显微手术治疗的43例枕骨大孔区肿瘤,根据肿瘤位置分为:Ⅰ型(背侧)和Ⅱ型(腹侧),Ⅰ型又分为Ⅰ a(髓外)、Ⅰ b(髓内)、Ⅰ c(髓内外)三型,Ⅱ型又分为Ⅱa(髓外)和Ⅱb(髓内)两型.对于17例Ⅰ型患者选择后正中入路,26例Ⅱ型患者选择远外侧入路.结果 全切肿瘤35例(81%),无手术死亡,随访期内无肿瘤复发.临床症状改善32例;保持原有症状3例;加重8例,包括出现新的脑神经症状、肢体运动障碍和呼吸困难.结论 枕大孔区肿瘤的术前分型有助于手术入路的选择和判断手术效果,Ⅰ型多选择后正中入路,Ⅱ型选择远外侧入路.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the classification and surgical approach of magnum foramen tumor.Method A retrospective analysis was performed for 43 surgically treated patients with tumors involving the foramen magnum.According to the site of the tumor,the classification was divided to:Type Ⅰ ,located at dorsal, Ⅰ a extra - medullary, Ⅰ b intra - medullary, Ⅰ cintra - and extramedullary; Type Ⅱ,located at ventral, Ⅱ a extramedullary, Ⅱ b intramedullary.The midline approach was used in the Type Ⅰ (17cases), while the lateral or far- lateral approach for the Type Ⅱ (26 cases).Results Total excision was performed in 35(81% ).There were no mortality and no recurrence during the follow -up period.Thirtytwo patients had improvement in their neurological status, 3 cases unchanged.There were 8 cases aggravation,including newly cranial nerve deficits, hemiplegia, dyspnoea.Conclusions The preoperative classification was useful for the selection of surgical approach and evaluation of surgical outcome.The midline approach was apt to Type Ⅰ , while the lateral or far - lateral approach for the Type Ⅱ.     

脑干血管畸形的显微手术治疗(附19例报告)

目的 探讨脑干血管畸形的显微外科手术治疗方法和预后.方法 显微手术切除脑干血管畸形19例.6例经枕下正中第四脑室底入路切除;9例经枕下乙状窦后入路切除;3例经小脑延髓裂入路切除;1例经枕下正中入路上抬蚓垂后切除.结果 19例病灶均镜下全切,其中海绵状血管瘤15例,动静脉畸形4例.13例症状改善,5例出现并发症,1例因下呼吸道感染死亡.随访中GOS 5分15例,GOS 4分2例,GOS 3分1例.MRI复查无病灶残留.结论 在恰当选择手术适应证、手术时机和手术入路的基础上,运用娴熟的显微外科技术,脑干血管畸形的手术治疗结果是令人满意的.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the microsurgical treatment of brainstem vascular malformation and evaluate the surgical outcome. Method Brain stem vascular malformations in 19 cases were resected by microsurgical techniques. Six cases of cavernous malformations ( CM ) in the dorsal of pons and medulla underwent operations via through the base of the forth ventrical approach. Another nine cases of CM in lateral and ventral lateral pons were treated via suboccipito - retrosigmoid approach. Three cases of arteriovenous malformation(AVM) in cerebellomedullary fissure were treated via telovelar approach. One case of AVM in the dosal medulla were resected via transvermian approach. Results All the lesions were totally resected. Pathologic diagnosis were CM( 15 cases) and AVM(4 cases). The diameter of all the CM were less than 1 centimeter. One AVM was 1.5 centimeter in diameter, the other two lesions was 2. 0 centimeter, the last one was 2. 5 centimeter. The functional disorders were improved after operation in 13 cases. Complications appeared in five patients, which improved between one week and three months. One patient died of sever pneumonia. During two months to six years after operation, the brainstem vascular malformation didn't recrudesce and re - bleed. No one patient appeared new syndromes. Conclusions The microsurgical management of brainstem vascular malformation can effectively prevent re - bleeding. Selecting different surgical approach basing on the locations can reduce the neurofunction damage. In order to accelerate the recovery of damaged brainstem, early surgery should be choosen for the patients with surgical indications. Basing on the correct choice of surgical indications, using the extensive knowledge of microanatomy,new concept of minimal invasive surgery and skillful microsurgical techniques, the surgical results of brainstem vascular malformation are satisfactory.     

手术切除从颅底侵犯海绵窦的肿瘤

目的探讨手术切除侵犯海绵窦的颅底肿瘤的指征及手术要点。方法自1998年11月至2002年5月，中日友好医院神经外科与中国医学科学院肿瘤医院头颈外科合作，连续切除侵犯海绵窦的颅底肿瘤32例，其中鼻咽纤维血管瘤7例，脊索瘤5例，鼻咽癌和鼻咽囊腺癌5例，副鼻窦癌5例，神经鞘瘤3例，嗅神经母细胞瘤1例，颞下翼腭窝低分化癌2例，颞下翼腭窝肉瘤3例，恶性纤维组织细胞瘤1例。23例曾经1次或多次手术切除后复发。对临床资料进行回顾性总结。结果根据肿瘤主体的部位分别选用经上颌骨入路、颞下耳前入路、或额眶入路。全部病例术中显露满意，肿瘤均得到肉眼切除，受累的颅神经一并切除，无手术死亡，术后无偏瘫等严重并发症。、术后辅以放射治疗。随访3—50个月，平均19个月，失访3例，4例术后3—6个月死亡，4例带瘤生仔，21例健在。结论由下向上侵犯海绵窦的颅底肿瘤可以手术切除，近期效果满意。对颅底正常和病理性解剖结构的熟练掌握以及多学科医生的密切协作是手术取得成功的关键。     

Meningiomas of the cavernous sinus: the surgical resectability and complications

The optimal management for patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas is to evacuate tumor without causing mortality or morbidity. The records of 16 patients, including 11 women and 5 men ranging in age from 31 to 63 years, underwent surgical treatment for this condition were reviewed. Completeness of tumor resection, cranial nerve morbidity, complications, mortality, the internal carotid artery encasement and outcome were studied. Total removal was achieved in six patients. Of ten patients who underwent subtotal resection there was one death and four were sent to radiotherapy. Morbidity was 24% for cranial nerves controlling extraocular motor function; trigeminal nerve function did not improve after surgical treatment. Symptomatic recurrence occurred in two patients who underwent subtotal tumor resection and in one who underwent complete tumor resection. The average follow-up period was of 26 months. According to our findings, we conclude: 1) the resectability of meningiomas of cavernous sinus depends on the degree of internal carotid artery involvement; 2) total resection of meningiomas confined in cavernous sinus is rare; 3) morbidity of the cranial nerves is significant; 4) subtotal resection is an effective mean to obtain control of the disease.     

海绵窦旁肿瘤的显微外科治疗

目的 观察海绵窦旁肿瘤的临床特征、手术方式及治疗效果.方法 对我院收治的24例海绵窦旁肿瘤的手术患者进行回顾性分析.结果 所有病例都采用经硬膜内径路切除肿瘤,18例采用翼点/扩大翼点入路,6例采用颞枕/颞下入路.24例中脑膜瘤11例,三叉神经鞘瘤5例,海绵状血管瘤5例,表皮样囊肿1例,血管外皮细胞瘤1例,纤维肉瘤1例.全切除11例,次全切除10例,大部切除3例.结论 海绵窦旁肿瘤的手术难度较高,风险大,针对不同性质的肿瘤需采用不同的手术策略,总体手术预后良好.     

两种不同入路手术治疗海绵窦区肿瘤

目的探讨海绵窦区肿瘤切除的手术入路,以提高手术全切率,降低残障率.方法对14例海绵窦内肿瘤行硬膜下入路切除5例,行硬膜外入路切除9例,比较两种入路的方法及疗效.结果行硬膜下入路者中全切除2例,大部切除3例;术后出现新的神经功能障碍4例.行硬膜外入路者中全切除5例,次全切除3例,大部切除1例;术后出现新的脑神经功能障碍3例,其中1例完全恢复.结论针对不同类型的肿瘤及生长特性,选择适当的手术入路和显微神经外科技术,可有效提高全切率,降低残障率.     

经额颞硬膜外入路显微手术切除海绵窦区肿瘤

目的 报告经额颞硬膜外入路显微手术切除海绵窦区肿瘤的经验。方法 回顾性分析8例海绵窦区肿瘤的临床及影像学特征、手术方式、疗效和术后并发症。结果 肿瘤全切5例，次全切3例；术后原有颅神经症状的63．6％获得改善，27．3％同术前，9．1％较术前加重，无新的神经症状出现，无疾病及死亡病例，随访7例，时间20－23个月，无肿瘤复发。结论 采用经额颞硬膜外手术入路可较好地暴露和切除海绵窦区肿瘤，明显降低术后并发症和死亡率。     

显微手术治疗蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的探讨

目的 探讨蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的手术方法 与技巧.方法 对蝶骨嵴区域的显微解剖、蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的血液供应和手术技巧进行研究并应用于35例蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的手术中.结果 (1)翼点入路能较好地显露鞍区前部的解剖结构;额颞颧入路可较多地显示中颅窝和鞍区后部的解剖结构;额颞眶颧入路对海绵窦的显露具有优势.(2)蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤血液供应可分三种类型:单纯颈外动脉供血,颈外、颈内动脉双重供血和单纯颈内动脉供血.(3)全切除蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤29例(Simpson Ⅰ、Ⅱ),次全切除6例.死亡2例.结论 熟练掌握颅底解剖、神经介入和显微外科技术,可明显提高蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的全切率,减少致残率和死亡率.     

前床突脑膜瘤的手术效果分析

目的探讨前床突脑膜瘤的手术效果以及影响肿瘤能否全切除的因素。方法回顾性分析1996年6月至2020年6月于海军军医大学附属长征医院神经外科行手术治疗的145例前床突脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。145例患者中,采用标准翼点入路84例,改良翼点入路46例,眶颧入路15例。通过Simpson分级评估肿瘤切除程度。通过单因素和多因素logistic回归分析方法探讨影响肿瘤切除程度的因素。通过临床随访评估症状的改善情况,行影像学随访评估肿瘤有无复发结果145例患者中,肿瘤全切除(Simpson Ⅰ~Ⅲ级)98例(67.6%),肿瘤部分切除(Simpson Ⅳ级)或单纯减压(Simpson Ⅴ级)47例(32.4%)。121例患者获随访,随汸时间为1~24(7.6±5.2)年术前视力下降的62例患者中,术后视力较术前改善32例(51.6%),无变化25例(40.3%),下降5例(8.1%)。随访期间肿瘤全切除患者的复发率为3.8%(3/78),未全切除患者的肿瘤复发或进展的比率为23.3%(10/43)。单因素分析结果表明,肿瘤的最大径、肿瘤对颈内动脉和海绵窦的侵袭程度及术前视力下降可能与肿瘤的切除程度有关(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤最大径(OR=3.21,95%CI:1.05~10.39,P<0.01)、肿瘤对颈内动脉及海绵窦的侵袭程度(OR=7.25,95%CI:2.35~21.64,P<0.01)为影响肿瘤全切除的独立危险因素,肿瘤最大径≤3 cm及肿瘤未完全包绕颈内动脉或未侵及海绵窦的患者手术全切除率较高,分别为74.8%(89/119)和82.8%(72/87)。结论对于前床突脑膜瘤,根据具体情况采用相应的手术策略,可获得较高的肿瘤全切除率,且复发率低。最大径<3 cm以及仅部分包绕颈内动脉或未侵及海绵窦的前床突脑膜瘤更易获得全切除。     

采用Dolenc入路处理海绵窦病变

目的 探讨海绵窦手术入路方法，以期提高手术效果。方法 在8个尸头上（16侧）按Dolenc手术入路的基本要领进行解剖练习，应用于临床12例，其中10例为海绵窦内肿瘤（脑膜瘤5例，垂体瘤3例，脊索瘤2例），1例为累及海绵窦的眼动脉巨大动脉瘤，1例为海绵窦段颈内动脉巨大动脉瘤。结果 Dolenc手术入路主要分两步；首先从硬膜外去除遮挡海绵窦的部分骨质（前床突，蝶骨翼等），然后将海绵窦上壁和外侧壁的硬膜广泛剥离开，暴露其深面的颅神经。采用此入路，10例海绵窦内肿瘤有5例全切。3例近全切，动脉瘤顺利夹闭，除2例持久的外展神经麻痹，未带来新的神经功能缺损。结论 Dolenc手术入路显露充分，安全，为彻底根除某些海绵窦病变提供了机会。     

海绵窦肿瘤的诊断和显微手术切除

报告13例海绵窦肿瘤,包括6例垂体腺瘤、5例脑膜瘤、1例神经纤维瘤和1例脊索瘤,主要表现为头痛、视力减退、突眼、眼球活动障碍和内分泌紊乱。CT和MR对确定肿瘤是否侵入海绵窦内具有重要意义。13例肿瘤分别经海绵窦外侧壁、上壁和内壁切除,无手术死亡。5例发生颅神经损伤(38.5％)。作者介绍了手术方法及防止术中出血和颅神经损伤的体会。