扩展高频畸变产物耳声发射在纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者中的临床应用

目的 分析纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者扩展高频畸变产物耳声发射(EHF DPOAE)的特点，探讨在常规纯音检测结果正常情况下，EHF DPOAE发现早期隐匿性听力损失的临床意义。方法 选取常规纯音听阈正常的耳鸣患者68例(104耳)为实验组，对照组为纯音听阈正常无耳鸣症状的志愿者40例(40耳)。两组均用Neuro-Audio耳声发射仪进行常规频率(1～6 kHz)畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)测试、EHF DPOAE(8～12 kHz)测试。结果 对照组常规频率DPOAE的平均检出率为97.2%,EHF DPOAE的检出率为88.7%;实验组常规频率DPOAE的检出率为72.2%,EHF DPOAE的检出率为51.2%。实验组EHF DPOAE引出率明显低于对照组EHF DPOAE引出率(P<0.001);实验组EHF DPOAE中振幅值明显低于对照组EHF DPOAE的振幅值(P<0.001);实验组EHF DPOAE的平均信噪比值明显低于对照组EHF DPOAE的平均信噪比值(P<0.001)。结论 在常规纯音听力检测正常的特发性耳鸣患者中，EHF DPOAE的引出率...     

煤矿井下噪声暴露工人扩展高频测听

目的 探讨扩展高频纯音听阈在听力监测及早期发现噪声性听力损害中的价值.方法 对73名(142耳)耳科正常者(对照组)和78名(154耳)煤矿井下噪声暴露工人(实验组,其中常频纯音听阈正常组45名90耳,常频纯音听阈异常组33名64耳),行常频纯音测听、扩展高频纯音(0.5～16kHz)测听,将两组结果进行比较.结果实验组纯音听阈在4.0、6.0 kHz及扩展高频区与对照组比较明显升高,扩展高频未检出率逐渐增加,差异有显著意义(P＜0.05);常频纯音听阈正常的实验组与对照组比较,其扩展高频听阈升高,未检出率在14 kHz开始升高,差异有显著意义(P＜0.05);常频听阈异常的实验组与对照组比较,扩展高频听阈升高,未检出率在11.2 kHz开始增加,差异均有显著意义(P＜0.01).结论 扩展高频测听可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和听力监测.     

不同原因内耳损伤下畸变产物耳声发射的改变

目的研究不同原因内耳损伤下畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emissions,DPOAE)改变的特点.方法对耳科正常人、噪声暴露工人和应用顺铂化疗的妇科肿瘤患者进行DPOAE(0.5～16 kHz)、常频纯音测听(0.5～8 kHz)及扩展高频测听(9～16 kHz)检查.对DPOAE幅值与纯音听阈进行比较分析.结果在噪声性和顺铂耳毒性损伤下,常频DPOAE表现为3～6 kHz幅值降低,早于对应常频纯音听阈变化.扩展高频DPOAE幅值均有下降,但频率区域不同,噪声组只在11.2 kHz处下降明显,其他频率变化不大,尤其是12.5 kHz、14 kHz、16 kHz三个频率几无变化;药物组除16 kHz外各频率均幅值下降.结论常频DPOAE比常频纯音测听和扩展高频DPOAE敏感,因此,在噪声、顺铂等引起的耳蜗性听力损害的早期监测中,优于常频纯音测听和扩展高频DPOAE.     

应用畸变产物耳声发射和扩展高频测听对顺铂耳毒性的临床研究

目的：应用0．5—16kHz畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emissions,DPOAE)和扩展高频测听对顺铂耳毒性进行临床研究。方法:对24例应用顺铂进行初次化疗的妇科肿瘤病人于化疗前后分别进行0．5—16kHz DPOAE、常频纯音测听及扩展高频测听检查，比较DPOAE和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的结果。结果：顺铂化疗后扩展高频区纯音听阈升高，DPOAE在3kHz、4kHz处及扩展高频区下降明显。结论：常频DPOAE较常频纯音测听更敏感，和扩展高频测听检查一样均可用于顺铂耳毒性的监测。扩展高频DPOAE可能比常频DPOAE更敏感。DPOAE与纯音听闻可能并非一一对应关系。病人对顺铂的易感性可能随着年龄的增加逐渐减低。     

一家系遗传性进行性感音神经性聋耳声发射测试分析

目的 :探讨耳声发射 ( OAE)测试对遗传性进行性感音神经性聋的诊断意义。方法 :对一家系 6代中 5 4例 ( 10 8耳 )和 5 0例正常人进行了纯音测听、瞬态诱发耳声发射 ( TEOAE)和畸变产物耳声发射 ( DPOAE)测试 ,了解其耳蜗功能。结果 :本家系纯音听阈 >2 0 d B HL组中 ,84%出现 TEOAE反应幅度下降或消失 ,82 %出现DPOAE振幅下降或消失 ;纯音听阈正常组中 ,75 %出现 TEOAE反应幅度下降 ,6 4%出现 DPOAE某个频率的振幅下降或缺失 ;对照组 TEOAE和 DPOAE的检出率均为 10 0 %。结论 :OAE测试有助于遗传性进行性感音神经性聋的早期诊断     

纯音听阈正常的耳闷患者诱发性耳声发射分析

目的:对纯音听阈正常的耳闷患者进行诱发性耳声发射分析,以早期发现这些患者的耳蜗损害.方法:采用丹麦Madsen公司Capella耳声发射仪对纯音听阈正常的耳闷患者43例(72耳,耳闷组)及正常人30例(60耳,对照组)分别进行TEOAE及DPOAE检测,记录和分析各频率DPOAE的检出率、幅值,TEOAE的通过率、反应波信噪比、波形重复性及各频带反应波信噪比和重复性.结果:①DPOAE检出率仅在0.50、0.75 kHz两频点上耳闷组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05),其余各频率点差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);②TEOAE通过率对照组为100%,耳闷组为90.28%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(X2=6.16,P＜0.05);③与对照组相比,纯音听阈正常的耳闷患者各频率DPOAE的幅值、TEOAE的反应波信噪比、波形重复性及各频带反应波信噪比和重复性均降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:部分纯音听阈正常的耳闷患者已存在耳蜗外毛细胞的损害,利用诱发性耳声发射的方法可在其听力损失出现之前早期发现此类病变.     

不同听力检测方法对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失的意义

目的探讨扩展高频纯音测听、畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)及噪声下言语识别能力测试对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失的意义。方法选取20例常频纯音听阈正常、有噪声接触史的工人(接噪组,年龄20~41岁)与20例无噪声接触史、常频听阈正常的青年人(对照组,年龄19~35岁),分别行扩展高频纯音测听、扩展高频DPOAE及噪声下言语识别能力测试(汉化版噪声下BKB语句测试),记录并比较两组各项测试结果。结果接噪组扩展高频纯音听阈检出率低于对照组,在16 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在18、20 kHz差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);接噪组8~20 kHz扩展高频纯音听阈平均值高于对照组,在9、18 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在14 kHz差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);接噪组扩展高频DPOAE的信噪比及幅值均较对照组降低,在10 kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在8、9 kHz差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);噪声下言语识别能力测试显示接噪组信噪比损失平均值为4.6±2.19 dB,高于对照组(3.00±2.08 dB)(P<0.01)。结论接噪组相较对照组,扩展高频纯音听阈值升高或引不出,扩展高频DPOAE信噪比及幅值降低,噪声下言语识别能力显著下降,以上三种检测方法对早期发现噪声性隐性听力损失有一定的参考价值。     

噪声暴露工人畸变产物耳声发射和扩展高频测听的研究

目的 :分析畸变产物耳声发射 (DPOAE)和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的关系 ,借以探讨DPOAE的产生机制以及在噪声性听力损伤的监测和早期诊断中的应用价值。方法 :对 4 2例耳科正常人 (对照组 )和 2 0例噪声暴露工人 (实验组 )进行 0 .5～ 16 .0kHzDPOAE、常频纯音测听及扩展高频测听的检测 ,比较对照组和实验组DPOAE和常频纯音测听、扩展高频测听的结果。结果 :实验组纯音听阈在 6 .0kHz处和扩展高频区下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;DPOAE幅值在 4 .0、6 .0和 11.2kHz处下降明显 ,与对照组比较 ,差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而在 12 .5、14 .0、16 .0kHz 3个频率处两组差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :常频DPOAE检查可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和监测。DPOAE可能来源于对应频率区及较高频率区耳蜗外毛细胞 ,其产生部位和机制尚待深入研究     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征耳声发射结果分析

目的观察阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS)患者的耳声发射结果.方法测试20例重度OSAHS患者的诱发性瞬态耳声发射(TEOAE)和畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE).结果 TEOAE检出率为37.5%,频谱能量分布主要在0.8～2.4 kHz;DPOAE各频率的反应幅值在0.5～6.6kHz处均显著下降,各频率的检出率为27.5%～47.5%.结论 重度OSAHS损害耳蜗功能.     

随身听装置对青年人听力的影响

目的　探讨使用随身听装置对青年人听力的影响及其早期监测手段。方法　对 30名 (6 0耳 )耳科正常青年人 (对照组 )及 12 0名 (2 4 0耳 )“随身听”使用者 (观察组 )进行常频听阈测试 (0 .5～ 8kHz)和扩展高频听阈测试 (10～ 2 0kHz) ,并对其结果进行统计分析。结果　观察组的扩展高频纯音听阈和常频纯音听阈与对照组相比明显升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且随着随身听使用时间的延长 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,有更多的频率点的听阈高于对照组 ;观察组的扩展高频听阈检出率明显低于对照组 ;观察组中常频听阈正常者和常频听阈异常者其扩展高频听阈均高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　“随身听”的使用可以对正常青年人的听力造成危害 ,扩展高频听阈测试可望成为对噪声造成的早期听力损害的一种敏感监测方法。     

单侧突发性聋患者对侧耳耳声发射分析

目的研究突发性聋患者单耳发病时对侧耳的耳蜗功能状态。方法利用Capella耳声发射仪对单侧突发性聋患者的对侧耳50例(50耳,病例组)及正常人30例(60耳,对照组)分别进行瞬态声诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)及畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)检测,记录和分析TEOAE的通过率及各频率DPOAE的检出率、幅值。结果①TEOAE通过率对照组为100%,病例组为75%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.84,P<0.01);②DPOAE检出率在0.5、0.75、1.0、3.0、4.0 kHz频点上,病例组低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);③与对照组相比,病例组各频率DPOAE的幅值均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论部分突发性聋患者的对侧耳已出现早期耳蜗功能受累,利用耳声发射分析方法可在听力损失出现之前早期发现此类病变。     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征纯音听阈检测结果分析

目的：了解阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者的扩展高频纯音听阚情况。方法：对青年组、成年组和OSAHS组进行常频和扩展高频听阈及扩展高频各频率的检出率测试,并对检查结果进行方差分析和χ^2检验。结果：青年组在4、6和8kHz处的听阙略高（P〈0．05）;成年组随着年龄的增长,听阚值有逐渐提高的趋势（P〈0．05）。高频听阚测试显示青年组的听阚随频率的增高而增高（P〈0．05）,同时对于各个频率,随年龄的增长听阈也逐渐增高（P〈0．05）。OSAHS组各小组在常频段就已经出现了听阈提高,且随着年龄的增长提高更明显（P〈0．05）,同年龄组中OSAHS组的高频听阚较成年组明显增高（P〈0．05）,检出率明显下降（P〈0．05）。结论：OSAHS患者的常频和高频听阚均比正常同年人高,以此给OSAHS监测工作提供参考。     

Changes in otoacoustic emissions and high-frequency hearing thresholds in children and adolescents

With the aim of characterizing the loss of high frequency hearing sensitivity in children, hearing thresholds and otoacoustic emissions were measured in a group of 126 normal hearing children and adolescents aged from 6 to 25 years. The subjects were divided into four 5-year age groups. Hearing thresholds over a range of 125 Hz-12.5 kHz were similar in all age groups, the average hearing threshold at 16 kHz was significantly elevated in the oldest age group. The response values of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) significantly declined with age; the decline was negatively correlated with the hearing loss at 16 kHz. Significantly larger TEOAE responses and average distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) values at 6.3 kHz were present in the youngest group in comparison with the other three older groups. Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAEs) were present in 70.8% of the children (in either one or both ears) with the greatest prevalence in the 11-20-year-old subjects. In the 21-25-year-old group, the hearing loss at 16 kHz was significantly smaller in ears with SOAEs than in ears without SOAEs. The results demonstrate that the increase in the high frequency hearing threshold at 16 kHz, which starts at ages over 20 years, is correlated with a decrease in the TEOAE responses at middle frequencies.     

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in sensorineural hearing loss

The measurement of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOE), one of the types of otoacoustic emissions (OES) gives the possibility of frequency--specific, objective assessment of cochlear function. Data were collected from 67 ears with sensorineural hearing loss and 30 normally hearing ears as a control group. Percentage of DPOE response detected above the noise floor level was evaluated in relation to the pure-tone audiometric thresholds. Analysis of correlation coefficient between amplitude of DPOE and degree of hearing loss for respective frequencies was performed. DPOE were detected in significantly lower percentage in the group of ears with sensorineural hearing loss exceeding 60 dB HL. The amplitude of DPOE decreased with the degree of hearing loss detected in pure-tone audiometry. There was statistically significant correlation (r -0.65(-)-0.85) in all examined frequencies between DPOE and hearing loss (1-6 kHz).     

Otoacoustic emissions recorded in people with chronic migraine

Migraine, a moderate to severe chronic headache occurring on one or both sides, is a common disease affects young people. Although hearing loss in subjects with migraine is not rare, the correlation of migraine with hearing loss is not clear. In this study, we examined hearing loss in young migraine subjects to determine if migraine may be a factor in causing cochlear dysfunction. Seven college students with migraine and three age matched subjects without history of migraine were assessed using extended high frequency audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). There was no significant difference in regular audiometry threshold between the migraine group and the control group. However, high frequency audiometry (9–16 kHz) showed thresholds at 25 dB nHL or higher in six out of twenty ears in the migraine group. The amplitude of DPOAEs were reduced for more than 10 dB in the migraine group in comparison with the control group. These data suggest that migraine may affect cochlear dysfunction evidenced by the reduced amplitude of DPOAE and high frequency pure-tone audiometry.     

Otoacoustic emissions--an approach for monitoring aminoglycoside induced ototoxicity in children

Objectives: the early detection of hearing impairment caused by ototoxic drugs, such as aminoglycosides, has been the aim of research world-wide. Histopathological studies have shown that the outer hair cells are the most susceptible cochlear components to injury from ototoxic drugs like aminoglycosides. Otoacoustic emissions reflect the functional status of the outer hair cells and constitute the only non-invasive means of objective cochlear investigation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of otoacoustic emissions in early identification of aminoglycoside-induced cochlear dysfunction. In addition, a comparison with pure-tone audiometry or auditory brainstem responses was performed in order to determine if this test might provide a more reliable method of monitoring early ototoxic insults to the cochlea. Methods: twenty four children receiving gentamicin (4 mg/kg once daily) for 6–29 days were included in the study. Eleven children received gentamicin for up to 7 days (group A), while 13 underwent longer-term therapy lasting 8–29 days (group B). Hearing was serially monitored using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and pure-tone audiometry (0.25–12 kHz) or auditory brainstem responses for younger or uncooperative children. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions data were analysed in terms of emission amplitude and response reproducibility as a function of frequency. Results: all patients yielded a normal baseline audiometric assessment upon hospital admission. For group A patients no significant changes in hearing levels were observed either by pure-tone audiometry (P=0.2), auditory brainstem responses (P=0.3) or transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (mean response: P=0.06, reproducibility by frequency: P>0.05). For group B patients no significant changes in hearing levels measured by pure-tone audiometry (P=0.1) or auditory brainstem responses (P=0.4) were observed. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions however revealed a statistically significant decrease in the mean response level (P=0.017) and in the reproducibility over the whole frequency spectrum (l kHz: P=0.0057, 2 kHz: P=0.0247, 3 kHz: P=0.0134, 4 kHz: P=0.0049, 5 kHz: P=0.0019). Conclusions: the findings suggest that transient evoked otoacoustic emissions are an extremely sensitive measure of the early effects of aminoglycoside-induced injury to the peripheral auditory system. Therefore, their use is recommended for regular monitoring of cochlear function, in the presence of potentially toxic factors, aiming at prevention of permanent damage.     

Evoked otoacoustic emissions--an approach for monitoring cisplatin induced ototoxicity in children

OBJECTIVES: Cisplatin chemotherapy is associated with an increased risk of ototoxic changes. The incidence of hearing loss after the 1st cisplatin-infusion session is only scarcely mentioned in the international literature. With increasing survival rates, prevention and/or early detection of ototoxicity are important for providing management options. The predictive value of pure-tone audiometry in early detection of ototoxicity has been questioned, particularly in the higher frequencies. Otoacoustic emissions appear to be more sensitive to cochlear insult than the conventional pure-tone audiometry. The aims of our study was (a) to define the extent of hearing damage in children after the 1st cisplatin-infusion session (50 mg/m(2)); and (b) to compare the efficacy of otoacoustic emissions (transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions) with that of pure-tone audiometry as methods of audiological monitoring. METHODS: Baseline audiometric (0.25-8 kHz) and otoacoustic emission testing (transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions) was conducted in 19 children, 12 of whom met the criteria for inclusion in the final study. Comparisons were performed between baseline measurements and those recorded after the 1st cisplatin course. Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions were analyzed in terms of emission level and reproducibility as a function of frequency (0.8-4 kHz). Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions were obtained as DP-grams and I/Q functions at 4,6 and 8 kHz. The DP-gram amplitude, the dynamic range and the detection thresholds from the I/Q functions were determined for each child. RESULTS: Threshold changes from baseline were founded to be statistically significant from 4-8 kHz in 50% of the children (P<0.01). Transient evoked otoacoustic emissions revealed a significant decrease in the emission level and in the reproducibility at the highest frequency tested (4 kHz, P<0.01), reflecting the results seen in pure-tone audiometry. Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions demonstrated a significant threshold shift, a reduced dynamic range and a decreased amplitude in the frequencies >3 kHz (P<0.05). Furthermore, DP-gram amplitude also reduced significantly at 3 kHz (P<0.05) without any similar change in pure-tone audiometry. CONCLUSIONS: A significant high-frequency hearing loss is identified in children even after one low-dose cisplatin-infusion session. As ototoxicity screening tools DP-grams were extremely sensitive and superior to pure-tone audiometry and/or transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. Their use is recommended for regular monitoring of cochlear function, aiming in prevention of permanent damage. Some suggestions for reducing the potential for cisplatin ototoxicity (chemoprotective agents, gene therapy, inhibition of apoptosis) are also discussed.     

遗传性无综合征耳聋一家系畸变产物耳声发射测试

目的 探索遗传性进行性无综合征耳聋患者的听功能改变特点。方法 一个常染色体显性遗传进行性无综合征耳聋家系５２名成员及听力正常组１５名,进行了纯音测试及畸变产行耳中发射（ｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ ｏｔｏａｃｏｕｓｔｉｃ ｅｍｉｓｓｉｏｎｓ,ＤＰＯＡＥ）测试。结果 无综合征耳有系中３４名成员纯音测试为感音神经性夺聋,其中纯音听阀均值（ｐｕｒｅ ｔｏｎｅ ａｖｅｒａｇｅ,ＰＴ）≥４０ｄＢ的５     

煤矿井下噪声暴露工人畸变产物耳声发射检测

目的探讨畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）在监测及早期发现噪声性聋方面的价值。方法对73例142耳耳科正常人（对照组）和78例154耳煤矿井下噪声暴露工人（实验组,其中纯音听力正常组45例90耳,纯音听力异常组33例64耳）,行DPOAE0.5～16kHz检测,两组结果进行比较。结果实验组DPOAE幅值在3.0、4.0、6.0、11.2kHz处下降明显,与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0.05）;而在12.5、14.0、16.0kHz频率两组差异无显著意义（P〉0.05）。纯音听力正常与异常的实验组分别与对照组比较,DPOAE幅值变化趋势相同,纯音听力正常与异常的实验组在3.0、4.0、6.0、11.2kHz处均下降,分别与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0.05）;在11.2kHz处纯音听力异常的实验组下降更显著（P〈0.01）;实验组DPOAE引出率均下降,与对照组比较差异有显著意义（P〈0.05）。结论 DPOAE检查可用于噪声性聋的早期诊断和监测。