氟保护漆与含氟自酸蚀光固化粘结剂抑制正畸牙釉质脱矿的临床比较研究

目的　对氟保护漆与含氟自酸蚀光固化粘结剂（自酸蚀处理剂内含活性氟离子）抑制脱矿进行临床比较。方法　分别用氟保护漆和含氟自酸蚀光固化粘结剂2种方式处理牙面,应用DIAGNOdent龋齿检测仪测量釉质表面,对比分析前后仪器读数的变化反映釉质脱矿的情况。结果　含氟自酸蚀光固化粘结剂较氟保护漆预防脱矿的效果在1个月时更加显著,在3个月时两者之间无显著性差异。结论　短期内,含氟自酸蚀光固化粘结剂优于氟保护漆,它可用于预防正畸治疗过程中早期釉质脱矿。     

氟缓释型粘结剂预防正畸治疗中釉质脱矿的疗效观察

目的观察含氟离子释放型的正畸粘结剂在预防固定正畸治疗中牙釉质表面脱矿的临床疗效。方法选择24例固定矫治的正畸患者,采用自身对照法分别用树脂增强型玻璃离子粘结剂(GC)和含自酸蚀底涂剂的树脂粘结剂(Transbond)粘固托槽,于正畸治疗前、治疗后3个月及治疗后6个月应用DIGNOdent激光龋齿诊断仪检测牙釉质表面,分析前后仪器读数(DD)的变化反映牙釉质脱矿的情况,同时观察并记录牙釉质脱矿指数(EDI)及釉质白斑(WSL)的检出率。结果在治疗前及治疗3个月后两组间的EDI值、DD值、WSL值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在治疗6个月后,GC组的EDI值、DD值、WSL值显著小于Transbond组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论树脂增强型玻璃离子粘结剂和含自酸蚀底涂剂的树脂粘结剂对预防固定正畸过程中的釉质脱矿均具有较好的防护作用,但从长期性而言,树脂增强型玻璃离子优于含自酸蚀底涂剂的树脂粘结剂。     

自酸蚀和酸蚀剂正畸牙面处理效果的临床与扫描电镜研究

目的 比较自酸蚀偶联剂和磷酸凝胶酸蚀剂作为正畸牙面处理剂的粘结效果和釉质脱矿情况.方法 选取临床26例病人,左侧采用37%磷酸凝胶酸蚀剂,右侧使用自酸蚀偶联剂处理牙面,观察3个月内托槽脱落情况,比较临床脱落率.采用扫描电镜分别观察对照组、酸蚀组、自酸蚀组样本树脂突和粘结剂边缘牙釉质的脱矿情况.结果 酸蚀组的托槽脱落率2.44%,自酸蚀组为2.02%,经χ2检验无显著性差异.扫描电镜下自酸蚀较酸蚀组树脂突数量多、粗短且较规则,釉质表面脱矿程度较弱.结论 两种牙面处理剂的临床粘结效果差异不大,自酸蚀偶联剂对釉质脱矿作用更小.     

两种局部用氟方法预防口腔固定正畸矫治中釉质脱矿的临床研究

目的：研究含氟自酸蚀黏结系统和牙面酸蚀后涂氟保护剂这两种局部用氟方法对固定正畸釉质脱矿的预防作用。方法：选取109例采用固定正畸治疗的病人，随机分为3组，其中42例应用自酸蚀黏结系统黏结托槽，42例黏结托槽前涂布氟保护剂，21例黏结托槽时牙面不做任何特殊处理。在矫治开始前及12个月时观察记录所有牙唇颊面釉质脱矿指数以及在整个治疗过程中的托槽脱落率。结果：矫治前3组患牙组间釉质脱矿指数无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；矫治后两种局部用氟方法组釉质脱矿指数均低于对照组（P〈0．05），而两种局部用氟方法组间釉质脱矿指数无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；3组间的托槽脱落率亦无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：两种局部用氟方法均对固定正畸矫治中釉质脱矿具有较好的预防作用，其黏结强度能够满足临床的需要，适宜口腔固定正畸临床使用。     

两种含氟粘接系统对托槽粘接性能的临床研究

目的：研究含氟自酸蚀粘接系统和牙面酸蚀后涂氟粘接系统粘接正畸托槽的临床效果。方法：随机选取39名正畸患者,均分为三组,以自酸蚀粘接系统、牙面酸蚀后涂氟粘接系统和京津釉质粘接系统两两组合分别于患者双侧牙面粘接托槽,随访12个月,记录3种粘接系统的托槽脱落率。结果：3种粘接体系粘接托槽的脱落率无统计学差异。结论：自酸蚀粘接系统和牙面酸蚀后涂氟粘接系统对托槽的粘接效果与京津釉质粘接剂无显著性差异。     

氟保护漆对正畸牙釉质脱矿影响的研究

目的探讨含氟保护漆对正畸牙齿托槽周围釉质脱矿的影响。方法选用临床需拔牙正畸患者(至少拔除2颗前磨牙者),同一患者的前磨牙随机分为2组,观察组在其托槽周围牙面涂布含氟保护漆,对照组不加任何处理。85～95 d后,临床观察实验牙有无脱矿,同时,拔除受试牙,显微硬度计测定釉质脱矿的程度,偏光显微镜观察釉质脱矿病损的分布并测量龋损深度,扫描电镜观察表面形貌改变。结果实验组脱矿率为11.1%,对照组脱矿率为44.4%(P<0.05);观察组显微硬度高于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组样本出现明显的釉质脱矿,龋损的平均深度为(80.35±5.42)μm,而实验组中龋损的平均深度仅为(40.24±2.76)μm,两者有统计学差异(P<0.05)。扫描电镜下对照组出现了典型的脱矿结构,表面呈现孔隙凹坑的不规则外形,而处理组表面较为完整。结论氟保护漆能有效地防治正畸治疗中釉质的脱矿。     

树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结性能和防龋性能的研究

目的对比树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀与临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂的抗剪切力,探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀对牙釉质面脱矿的影响.方法本研究实验一把45颗离体牙随机分成3组,分别使用复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂,树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀及在牙面用厂家提供的处理液进行表面处理后使用树脂加强型玻璃离子门汀粘结正畸托槽.使用材料万能试验机测量各样本的抗剪切力.实验二在离体条件下,对分别使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀,复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘托槽的釉质面进行人工脱矿,用偏振光显微镜观察釉质面的脱钙程度.结果使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽时,其抗剪切力与临床普遍使用的复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂接近,使用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀粘结托槽,釉质面未见明显脱矿区.结论树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀可能是一种适合临床使用的理想托槽粘结剂.     

树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀防龋性能的研究

许多研究发现[1,2],使用固定矫治器治疗,在带环和托槽周围易发生白色斑点样的早期龋损表现。釉质脱矿的程度可从仅限于显微结构的变化到白色斑点的产生以至龋坏。在正畸治疗过程中,局部使用氟能显著减少釉质的脱矿已被许多学者的研究所证实[3,4]。大约30年前被应用于牙科领域的玻璃离子水门汀,因具有缓释氟的特性而成为一种极具希望的正畸粘结剂。本研究在离体条件下,对分别使用正畸用树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀、复合树脂型正畸釉质粘结剂粘结正畸托槽的釉质面进行人工脱矿,旨在探讨树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀对釉质面脱矿的影响。1　材料和…     

氟保护漆对青少年固定正畸中釉质脱矿的影响

目的 探讨氟保护漆对青少年正畸患者固定矫治后釉质脱矿发生率的影响。方法 将80例16岁以下青少年固定正畸矫治患者随机分成2组：对照组40例（721颗）,对患者及家长进行口腔健康教育,不涂氟;实验组40例（742颗）,除了对患者和家长宣教外,戴用固定矫治器时及正畸期间每6个月用氟保护漆处理牙面。临床观察2年,对粘接托槽的牙齿观察其脱矿程度。结果 实验组中706颗牙脱矿指数为0,出现脱矿的有36颗,脱矿率为4.85%,未出现脱矿指数大于1的患牙。对照组中有604颗牙脱矿指数为0,出现脱矿的有117颗,脱矿率为16.23%,其中脱矿指数大于1的患牙有18颗。两组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 固定正畸患者戴用固定矫治器时及矫治期间使用氟保护漆能有效预防正畸牙釉质脱矿。     

不同氟处理方法釉质表面超微结构观察

目的观察托槽粘结前应用不同方法氟处理以及去托槽后，釉质表面超微结构的变化。方法挑选因正畸需要而拔除的96颗双尖牙，随机分为对照组，酸蚀前加氟组，酸蚀液中加氟组，酸蚀后加氟组，每组牙釉质经酸蚀和不同方法氟处理后做扫描电镜观察并进行统计学分析。结果酸蚀中加氟组和酸蚀后加氟组釉质表面产生的反应物较多且去托槽后残留较多。结论酸蚀剂中加氟和酸蚀后加氟方法可能对固定正畸治疗中防止釉质脱矿有较好的效果。     

光固化与化学固化复合树脂黏接正畸托槽的对比研究

目的对比光固化、化学固化复合树脂黏接正畸托槽的抗剪强度和牙釉质脱矿程度。方法20颗离体前磨牙随机分为光固化复合树脂组(1)和化学固化复合树脂组(2),检测抗剪黏接强度;将116例正畸患者左右侧上前牙随机分为2组,试验组用光固化复合树脂黏接托槽,对照组用化学固化复合树脂黏接托槽,对比正畸治疗结束后两组牙釉质脱矿的差异。结果2组黏接抗剪强度为:(1)组(17.45±7.06)MPa,(2)组(13.02±5.38)MPa,两组间有差异(P<0.05)。试验组与对照组正畸治疗结束后牙釉质脱矿程度有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论光固化型复合树脂的抗剪强度优于化学固化型。光固化复合树脂黏接正畸托槽能减少正畸治疗中牙釉质脱矿。     

Effect of using self-etching primer for bonding orthodontic brackets

Questions over the use of self-etching primers with composite resin adhesives in the bonding of orthodontic brackets remain unsolved. In addition, there are no previous reports on the efficacy of self-etching primers with resin-modified glass ionomer cements for bonding orthodontic brackets in orthodontic dentistry. The purpose of this study was to determine the shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets bonded with one of four protocols: (1) a composite resin adhesive used with 40% phosphoric acid, (2) the same composite resin used with Megabond self-etching primer, (3) a resin-modified glass ionomer cement adhesive used with 10% polyacrylic acid enamel conditioner, and (4) the same resin-modified glass ionomer cement used with Megabond self-etching primer. The appearance of the tooth surfaces after acid etching or priming was observed with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). When used with resin-modified glass ionomer cement, Megabond self-etching primer gave no significantly different shear bond strength compared with polyacrylic acid etching. But when used with composite resin adhesive, Megabond self-etching primer gave significantly lower shear bond strength than phosphoric acid etching. However, the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with composite resin adhesive after Megabond priming was almost the same as that of brackets bonded with resin-modified glass ionomer cement after polyacrylic acid etching. FE-SEM observation revealed that Megabond self-etching primer produced less dissolution of enamel surface than did phosphoric acid and polyacrylic acid etching. Megabond self-etching primer may be a candidate for bonding orthodontic brackets using the resin-modified glass ionomer cement for minimizing the amount of enamel loss.     

Effect of fluoride varnish on the in vitro bond strength of orthodontic brackets using a self-etching primer system.

To reduce the number of steps involved with bonding procedures, manufacturers have simplified adhesive systems by combining the hydrophilic primer and the adhesive, or by combining the etchant, the primer, and the adhesive into 1 bottle and application. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to enamel, with or without fluoride varnish, by using either conventional or self-etching primer systems. Forty-eight extracted teeth were divided into 4 groups of 12 teeth each: group 1, fluoride varnish, conventional adhesive; group 2, fluoride varnish, self-etching primer system; group 3, no fluoride varnish, conventional adhesive; and group 4, no fluoride varnish, self-etching primer system. The bonding procedure followed the manufacturers' recommendations for the materials. Precoated adhesive orthodontic brackets were light-cured to the facial surfaces of the teeth and stored in whole human saliva at 37 degrees C for 24 hours. The specimens were subjected to a shear force in a testing machine until failure. The adhesive remnant index was used to score the teeth. Data were analyzed with a 2-way analysis of variance to test for differences in shear bond strength with respect to fluoride varnish and type of adhesive system used. The results showed no difference in bond strength among any of the experimental groups. Similarly, chi-square analysis determined that adhesive remnant index scores were not statistically different. The application of fluoride varnish does not affect the bond strength of orthodontic brackets to enamel with conventional or self-etching primer systems.     

Effects of a chlorhexidine varnish on shear bond strength in indirect bonding

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of an antimicrobial varnish on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metallic orthodontic brackets bonded with an indirect bonding resin. For this purpose, 60 noncarious human premolars were divided into three equal groups. Group 1 was an indirect bonding control group and, after acid etching of the enamel, the brackets were indirectly bonded to the teeth with an indirect bonding resin. In group 2, before bonding, an antimicrobial varnish was painted on the etched enamel and indirect bonding was carried out as in group 1. In group 3, Transbond MIP primer and the antimicrobial varnish were thoroughly mixed in a 1:2 proportion, applied to the enamel surface, light cured for 20 seconds, and the brackets were direct bonded. A universal testing machine was used to determine the maximum load necessary to debond the brackets, the SBS values recorded, and the adhesive remnant index scores determined. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD, and chi-square tests. Results of ANOVA revealed statistically significant differences in the SBS among the various groups tested (P < .05). Indirect bonding of brackets with Sondhi Rapid Set after the application of the antimicrobial varnish showed significantly lower SBS when compared with both the group 2, indirect bonding control group, and the group 3, direct bonded-antimicrobial varnish group.     

Shear bond strength of a new high fluoride release glass ionomer adhesive

OBJECTIVE: To determine the shear bond strength of a new resin glass ionomer adhesive with higher fluoride release properties when bonding orthodontic brackets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty freshly extracted human molars were collected and stored in a solution of 0.1% (weight/volume) thymol. The teeth were cleaned and polished. The teeth were randomly separated into three groups according to the enamel conditioner/etchant and adhesive used. Group I: 20 teeth conditioned with 10% polyacrylic acid and brackets bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive. Group II: 20 teeth conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid and brackets bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive. Group III (control): 20 teeth etched with 37% phosphoric acid and brackets bonded with a composite adhesive. RESULTS: The results of the analysis of variance comparing the three experimental groups (F = 10.294) indicated the presence of significant differences between the three groups (P = .0001). The shear bond strengths were significantly lower in the two groups bonded with the new glass ionomer adhesive whether conditioned with polyacrylic acid ( x = 3.2 +/- 1.8 MPa) or phosphoric acid (x = 2.3 +/- 1.1 MPa), while the mean shear bond strength of the composite adhesive was 5.2 +/- 2.9 MPa. CONCLUSIONS: Although the increased fluoride release from the new glass ionomer has the potential of decreasing decalcification around orthodontic brackets, the shear bond strength of the material is relatively low.     

Effect of fluoride varnish on demineralization adjacent to brackets bonded with RMGI cement.

Far too often a less-than-optimal esthetic result occurs after orthodontic treatment due to demineralization of enamel adjacent to fixed orthodontic appliances in patients with inadequate oral hygiene. In vitro studies have shown that a resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement and a fluoride varnish might help clinicians combat this problem. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the effect of a fluoride-releasing cavity varnish on inhibition of enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets bonded with RMGI and composite resin cements. Brackets were bonded to 48 extracted human third molars. Half were bonded with a composite resin (Transbond, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) and half with an RMGI (Fuji Ortho LC, GC America, Alsip, Ill). Each group was further divided into 2, with half receiving an application of fluoride-releasing varnish (Duraflor, Pharmascience, Montreal, Québec, Canada). The samples were cycled in an artificial caries solution for an hour twice daily for 31 days. After each caries challenge, the teeth were brushed with a soft toothbrush to simulate normal mechanical wear of the varnish. The loss of fluoride varnish was timed. Teeth were sectioned longitudinally and photographed under polarized light microscopy. Mean lesion depth was measured, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P 相似文献   

Bond failure and decalcification: a comparison of a cyanoacrylate and a composite resin bonding system in vivo

This prospective, in vivo study compared bond failure and enamel decalcification with a cyanoacrylate bracket bonding system (SmartBond, Gestenco International, Gothenburg, Sweden) and a traditional light-cured composite system (Light Bond, Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill). A total of 327 teeth were evaluated after a period of 12 to 14 months; 163 experimental teeth were bonded with the cyanoacrylate bonding system, and 164 control teeth were bonded with the light-cured composite resin. All teeth were evaluated for breakage (bond failure). The average percentage of bracket failures with cyanoacrylate was 55.6% compared with 11.3% with composite resin (P <.001). All maxillary anterior teeth (94) were evaluated for enamel decalcification on a graded scale. Occurrence of enamel decalcification between the 2 bonding systems after 1 year of orthodontic treatment was similar. The cyanoacrylate bonding material had more than 4 times as many bond failures and a similar amount of decalcification as the traditional composite material. Cyanoacrylate as a routine orthodontic bonding agent is not a suitable bonding material for clinical practice at this time. It is important to test new bonding systems in vivo in several studies before using them in routine clinical practice.     

Effect of a fluoride varnish on demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets.

Home fluoride regimens have long been used to reduce the amount of demineralization adjacent to orthodontic appliances. In the absence of patient compliance, another method of applying the fluoride must be used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the ability of a fluoride varnish, Duraflor, to directly inhibit demineralization of enamel surrounding orthodontic brackets. Brackets were bonded to 36 extracted human canines and premolars with a traditional composite resin and randomly assigned to three equal groups of twelve. Group 1 served as the control with no topical application after bonding. Group 2 was treated with a single application of a nonfluoridated placebo varnish. Group 3 was treated with a single application of Duraflor. All groups were cycled in an artificial caries challenge for 1 hour two times daily for 37 days and were brushed with a medium bristled toothbrush to simulate mechanical wear of the varnish. Demineralization of enamel was evaluated in longitudinal buccolingual tooth sections using polarized light microscopy. Both average depth and area of demineralization were measured with a sonic digitizer. ANOVA (P 相似文献   

四种正畸粘接剂对金属托槽粘接效果的评价

目的比较4种正畸粘接剂对金属托槽的粘接效果。方法选择正畸临床44例患者,792颗牙,随机分为4组,常规牙面处理,分别按照说明书要求用京津釉质粘接剂、GC树脂改良型玻璃离子粘接剂、3M化学固化型树脂粘接剂和3M光固化树脂粘接剂粘接金属托槽,然后使用MBT矫治技术进行综合性正畸治疗,记录托槽脱落情况。12个月后,评估每组牙的牙釉质脱矿情况,并对所有数据进行统计学分析。结果 3M光固化型树脂粘接剂组托槽的脱落率低于京津釉质粘接剂组,差异有显著性(P<0.05),而其余各组间托槽脱落率的比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。京津釉质粘接剂组造成釉质脱矿程度在4组中最高,而GC树脂改良型玻璃离子粘接剂的釉质脱矿程度最低,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论京津釉质粘接剂相对远期粘接效果较差;GC树脂改良型玻璃离子粘接剂能够通过释放氟离子有效降低釉质脱矿的发生,是正畸治疗中较为理想的粘接材料,具有良好的临床应用前景。     

树脂修饰化玻璃离子托槽粘结剂粘结强度的体外研究

目的：评估一种树脂修饰化的玻璃离子托槽粘结剂在牙面不同处理方式和环境下的两次粘结后的剪切强度情况。方法：将新近拔除的105颗上颌第一前磨牙随机均分成7组,按照说明书的要求完成托槽的粘结。对照组牙面用37%的磷酸处理后,用光固化复合树脂粘结剂（3M,Transbond XT）粘结。其它6组牙面分别在37%的磷酸、GC处理剂（GC Self-Conditioner）、和不做任何处理的条件下,分别在干燥和湿润的环境下用树脂修饰化的玻璃离子（RMGIC;Fuji ORTHO LC,GC Corporation,Tokyo,Japan）粘结,所有牙齿均选用同种托槽。托槽粘结24 h后,在万能测力机下以1 mm/min的速度卸载,并记录下数值。除去牙面和托槽底面多余粘结剂后,重复上述过程。每次卸载后检查牙釉质损坏情况。结果：对照组两次剪切强度有较小的差异,其它GC玻璃离子粘结剂组两次剪切强度没有统计学意义。GC粘结剂不做任何处理组在干燥和湿润的环境下其剪切强度存在明显的差异。干燥环境下,37%的磷酸和GC处理剂处理后,GC粘结剂组两次卸载后的牙釉质均出现不同程度的釉裂或釉质脱落。结论：这种树脂修饰化的玻璃离子粘结剂可以在多种条件下用于托槽的粘结。