异硫氰酸基雷公藤内酯醇活性代谢物雷公藤甲素在大鼠体内的药代动力学

目的观察大鼠单剂量静脉注射异硫氰酸基雷公藤内酯醇后雷公藤甲素的药代动力学。方法将大鼠分为2组(每组5只),分别单次尾静脉注射异硫氰酸基雷公藤内酯醇低、高剂量(4.25,8.50 mg·kg-1)。用LC-MS/MS法,检测大鼠血浆中雷公藤甲素的浓度,用BAPP 3.2软件计算药代动力学参数。结果低、高剂量的主要药代动力学参数如下:Cmax分别为(12.36±1.09),(55.74±21.20)ng·mL-1,Tmax均为(2.0±0.0)min,t1/2分别为(12.82±2.41),(13.73±2.84)h,AUC0-t分别为(245.93±42.50),(1034.45±471.76)ng·min.mL-1。结论在4.25～8.50 mg·kg-1,雷公藤甲素的药代动力学表现出非线性消除特征。     

HPLC法研究小鼠静注氢溴酸高乌甲素的药动学

目的:研究氢溴酸高乌甲素在小鼠体内的药动学。方法:小鼠单剂量静脉注射氢溴酸高乌甲素3．33 mg·kg-1,用HPLC法测定给药后不同时间的血浆药物浓度。色谱条件:Microsorb-MV 100-5 C18色谱柱(250 mm×4．6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0．1 mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(50:50),流速0．6 mL·min-1,检测波长252 nm,柱温40℃。结果:氢溴酸高乌甲素血浆浓度在0．5～15μg·mL-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,日内精密度(CV)<12％,日间CV<16％,方法回收率为69．57％～83．08％。小鼠按3．33 mg·kg-1单剂量静脉注射给药,主要药动学参数为:t1/2β= 4．726 h,总清除率(CLB)=0．318 L·kg-1·h-1,VC=0．341 L·kg-1,VB=2．167 L·kg-1,AUC0→∞=10．476μg·h·mL-1。结论:氢溴酸高乌甲素静注后在小鼠体内的药时过程符合二室开放模型,原药主要分布于周边室,消除速度适中。     

毛兰素注射液在大鼠体内药动学研究

目的阐明毛兰素注射液在SD大鼠体内药动学规律。方法 SD大鼠分别单次和隔天、每隔一个半衰期一次多剂量静脉注射毛兰素注射液。采用高效液相色谱-质谱联用（HPLC-MS）测定大鼠静脉注射后不同时间大鼠血浆中毛兰素的血药浓度。结果大鼠单次静脉注射25,50,100mg·kg-1毛兰素注射液的主要药动学参数为：T1/2β分别为3.66,3.75,3.89h;AUC0-12分别为1453.0,3041.6,6731.6ng·mL-1·h;AUC0-∞分别为1462.0,3077.3,6788.7ng·mL-1·h;Vd分别为11.67,10.37,3.38L·kg-1;CL分别为0.049,0.089,0.024L·kg-1·h-1;MRT分别为0.18,0.28,0.21h;50mg·kg-1剂量的毛兰素注射液隔日给药5次其药动学参数与单次给药相近;而50mg·kg-1剂量的毛兰素注射液每隔一个半衰期一次给药5次的T1/2β为5.43h,AUC（S0）（0-t）为9800.8ng·mL-1·h。结论毛兰素注射液在大鼠体内的动力学过程与剂量相关,毛兰素注射液单剂量给药的体内药动学符合开放型二房室模型,T1/2β与给药剂量与关,表明毛兰素在大鼠体内的消除过程符合一级动力学规律。隔日多剂量给药的消除过程亦符合一级动力学规律;而每隔一个半衰期一次多剂量给予50mg·kg-1剂量的毛兰素其在大鼠体内则呈非线性消除。     

依卡倍特二钠颗粒在健康人体中的单次给药药代动力学研究

目的研究中国健康志愿者单剂量口服2.0、4.0g依卡倍特二钠颗粒后的药代动力学行为,并评价药代动力学参数在2.0～4.0g范围内剂量相关性。方法 10名健康志愿者,随机交叉试验,分别单剂量口服依卡倍特二钠颗粒2.0、4.0g;测定给药后36h内的血药浓度。结果单剂量口服2.0、4.0g依卡倍特二钠颗粒后,依卡倍特的t1/2分别为(11±5)h和(9±4)h,达峰浓度(Cmax)分别为(4 998±982)ng/mL和(11 699±4 143)ng/mL,AUC0～t分别为(43 863±10 341)ng.h-1.mL-1和(92 492±30 915)ng.h-1.mL-1,AUC0～∞分别为(48 611±15 029)ng.h-1.mL-1和(99 628±35 993)ng.h-1.mL-1。结论在2.0～4.0g剂量范围内依卡倍特呈线性药代动力学,Cmax、AUC的升高与剂量成正比。     

槐定碱在小鼠体内药物代谢动力学的研究

目的研究槐定碱在小鼠体内的药物代谢动力学。方法小鼠采用等剂量(2 mg·kg-1)静脉、灌胃给药后采用LC-MS/MS法测定不同时间的血药浓度。结果灌胃给药后槐定碱的AUC0¹8 h、Cmax、tmax分别为1 256.2 ng·h·mL-1、756.3 ng·mL-1、1 h,绝对生物利用度为41.8%;静脉给药后槐定碱的AUC018 h、Cmax、tmax分别为1 256.2 ng·h·mL-1、756.3 ng·mL-1、1 h,绝对生物利用度为41.8%;静脉给药后槐定碱的AUC0¹8 h为3 005.3 ng·h·mL-1。结论槐定碱在小鼠体内的药动学行为均符合二室模型,小鼠灌胃给药后绝对生物利用度低。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定人血浆中氯吡格雷及其代谢物浓度

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中的氯吡格雷(Clo)及其非活性代谢物(CCAM)和活性代谢物(CATM)的浓度。方法 5名健康受试者单剂量口服Clo片300 mg,分别经时采集肘静脉血样进行药动学分析。血浆样品沉淀蛋白后经WATERS ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)分离,流动相为水(含0.1%甲酸)-乙腈(含0.1%甲酸),梯度洗脱。采用电喷雾电离源(ESI)正离子模式、多反应监测(MRM),用于定量分析的离子通道分别为m/z 322.1→211.8(Clo),m/z 356.0→154.9(CATM),m/z 308.3→198.0(CCAM),m/z 253.1→180.0(内标卡马西平)。结果血浆中Clo、CATM和CCAM线性关系良好(r>0.99),日内、日间精密度(RSD)小于12.6%,准确度(RE)在-3.6%~7.6%之间。药动学结果显示,健康受试者单剂量口服Clo片300 mg后,Clo、CATM和CCAM的ρmax分别为(26.57±24.06)、(38.12±22.80)和(8 128.00±1 624.58)ng·m L-1,tmax分别为(1.8±0.8)、(2.0±1.0)和(2.0±1.0)h,AUC0-∞分别为(67.74±48.44)、(212.16±122.58)和(46 982.31±14 496.05)ng·m L-1·h。结论本方法操作简便、灵敏度高、分析时间短,适用于Clo药动学研究和常规血药浓度监测。     

尼美舒利分散片在健康人体内的药代动力学及生物等效性的LC-MS/MS研究

目的:建立人血浆中尼美舒利浓度的LC-MS/MS测定法,并用于尼美舒利分散片的药代动力学和生物等效性研究。方法:采用自身双交叉试验设计,20名男性受试者随机分成2组,分别单剂量口服100 mg受试制剂或参比制剂,0～24 h间隔采集血样。以LC-MS/MS内标法测定尼美舒利血药浓度,使用Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.1%甲酸溶液(82∶18,v/v);多反应监测[M+H]+离子通道分别为m/z 309.1→m/z 153.9(尼美舒利)和m/z 237.1→m/z 194.0(内标卡马西平),DAS 2.1计算药动学参数。结果:建立的LC-MS/MS法在0.075～12μg·mL-1范围内色谱响应与浓度相关性良好,最低定量限为0.075μg·mL-1,批内及批间精密度RSD均小于15%。受试制剂与参比制剂的Tmax分别为(3.0±0.7)h和(3.5±1.0)h,Cmax分别为(4.863±1.194)μg·mL-1和(4.657±1.038)μg·mL-1,t1/2分别为(3.2±1.0)h和(3.3±1.1)h,AUC0-24 h分别为(32.35±12.50)h·μg·mL-1和(32.32±11.69)h·μg·mL-1,相对生物利用度F为(105.2%±35.0)%。结论:建立的LC-MS/MS法准确、灵敏,结果可靠,测得尼美舒利受试制剂和参比制剂生物等效。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定大鼠血浆中咪达唑仑和非那西丁及其药动学研究

目的建立液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)同时测定非那西丁(PN)、咪达唑仑(MDZ)在大鼠血液中的含量。方法大鼠随机被分为PN组、MDZ组和PN-MDZ合用组(均n=6),分别尾静脉注射PN、MDZ及PN和MDZ混合探针药物,剂量均为1 mg·kg-1。于指定时间眼眶采集血样,以苯海拉明为内标,采用LC-MS/MS测定大鼠血浆中探针药物及其代谢产物的浓度。色谱柱为Kinetex XB-C18柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,2.6μm),流动相为甲醇∶0.025%甲酸水,进行梯度洗脱。电喷雾离子源,以多反应离子监测方法进行正离子扫描,PN和其代谢产物醋氨酚(Ace),MDZ和其代谢产物1-羟基咪达唑仑(1-OH-MDZ)及苯海拉明离子对分别为m/z 180.2→110.0,m/z 152.2→110.1,m/z 326.2→291.2,m/z 342.2→324.2和m/z 256.3→167.2。结果PN、Ace、MDZ和1-OH-MDZ线性范围分别为:4.288~21 440 ng·m L-1、1.038~5 190 ng·m L-1、4.664~11 660 ng·m L-1、0.01~50 ng·m L-1;回收率、稳定性和日内、日间精密度均符合生物样品分析要求;PN和MDZ单用与合用前后药动学参数无显著差异(P>0.05)。PN单用和与MDZ合用后t1/2分别为(0.44±0.15)、(0.42±0.08)h,ρmax分别为(9.35±1.58)、(10.17±0.76)μg·m L-1,AUC0-6 h分别为(4.21±0.63)、(4.90±0.42)μg·h·m L-1;MDZ单用和与PN合用后t1/2分别为(0.64±0.09)、(0.68±0.05)h,ρmax分别为(3.48±0.51)、(3.01±0.64)μg·m L-1,AUC0-6 h分别为(2.58±0.41)、(2.08±0.29)μg·h·m L-1。结论建立的测定方法可用于PN、MDZ以及其代谢产物的药动学研究,并证明PN、MDZ在大鼠体内基本没有代谢的相互作用。     

乙酰丙酮钒在大鼠胃肠道吸收的初步研究

目的:研究乙酰丙酮钒在大鼠胃、小肠和大肠的吸收特性.方法:采用大鼠在体灌流实验,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定大鼠血浆中钒(V)浓度.结果:乙酰丙酮钒在10mg·kg-1剂量下在胃和大肠的吸收速率常数分别为2.853h-1和0.587h-1,AUC分别为158.6ng·mL-1·h和642.7ng·mL-1·h;在不同给药剂量(以钒计)10,25和50mg·kg-1时小肠的吸收速率常数分别为1.414,1.664和17.118h-1,AUC分别为1 714.0,4 641.2和5 554.7 ng·mL-1·h.结论:大鼠胃和大肠是乙酰丙酮钒的不良吸收部位,而小肠有较好吸收,吸收方式可能是被动扩散.     

比较氨氯地平和阿托伐他汀复方片与单剂在健康人体的生物等效性

目的 评价氨氯地平/阿托伐他汀复方片剂与同剂量单剂的生物等效性.方法 66位健康男性志愿者随机交叉单次口服1片氨氯地平(5 mg)/阿托伐他汀(40 mg)复方片剂(受试制剂)和同时服用氨氯地平(5 mg)和阿托伐他汀(40mg)各1片(参比制剂);用GC-ECD法和LC-MS/MS法,分别测定药物血浆浓度,WinNonlin非房室模型计算药代动力学参数,SAS程序评价生物等效性.结果 受试制剂(复方)和参比制剂(单剂)的主要药代动力学参数,氨氯地平:tmax分别为6.0和6.0 h;t1/2分别为(39.2±7.6)和(39.7±9.9)h;Cmax分别为(3.0±0.9)和(3.0±0.5)ng·mL-1;AUC0-∞分别为(145.3±42.1)和(149.8±43.6)ng·h·mL-1;AUC0-t分别为(129.3±39.5)和(133.4±37.2)ng·h·mL-1.阿托伐他汀:tmax分别为1.0和0.5 h;t1/2分别为(6.7±1.8)和(6.9±1.8)h;Cmax分别为(18.8±9.8)和(20.2±11.7)ng·mL-1;AUC0-∞分别为(101.7±35.2)和(97.8±39.2)ng·h·mL-1;AuC0-t分别为(96.7±35.0)和(93.1±39.1)ng·h·mL-1.受试制剂和参比制剂AUC0-t、AUC0-∞和Cmax比值的90%置信区间:氨氯地平:93.3%～100.1%,93.8%～100.6%和95.8%～103.4%;阿托伐他汀:99.2%～111.0%,99.6%～110.6%和81.8%～107.2%.结论 2种制剂为生物等效制剂.     

高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用法测定人血浆中莫沙必利

建立测定人血浆中莫沙必利的高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱联用法。取血浆样品经液-液萃取后，以乙腈为有机相，0.3%甲酸水溶液为水相，采用梯度洗脱的方式，用C₁₈柱分离，通过电喷雾离子化，以多反应监测(MRM)方式进行正离子检测。莫沙必利线性范围为0.17~68.00 ng·mL^-1，定量下限为0.17 ng·mL^-1，每个样品测试时间仅2.8 min，日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于13%，准确度(RE)在±6.3%范围内。应用此法研究了20名志愿者单剂量口服枸橼酸莫沙必利片后的药代动力学特点。该方法、灵敏、准确、快速，适用于莫沙必利的药代动力学及生物等效性研究。     

高灵敏度LC-MS/MS法测定犬血浆中的坦洛新

犬口服盐酸坦洛新控释片后血浆药物浓度C_max小于10 ng·mL^-1，需建立测定犬血浆中坦洛新的高灵敏度液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)。血浆样品加入内标苯海拉明，用正己烷-二氯甲烷(2∶1)萃取后，反相C₁₈色谱柱分离，以甲醇-乙腈-甲酸铵(30∶40∶30，v/v/v)为流动相，流速为0.4 mL·min^-1。选用大气压化学离子化源(APCI)三重四极杆串联质谱仪，以选择反应监测方式进行检测，用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z 409→228(坦洛新)和m/z 256→167(苯海拉明)。坦洛新线性范围为0.02～50 ng·mL^-1，定量下限为0.02 ng·mL^-1。批内、批间精密度(RSD)均小于9.72%，准确度(RE)在-2.61%～8.82%。本方法灵敏度高，专属性强，用于犬口服盐酸坦洛新控释片后的药代动力学研究。     

Development and validation of a high-throughput assay for quantification of the proliferation inhibitor ABT-578 using LC/LC-MS/MS in blood and tissue samples

We report here a specific, automated LC/LC-MS/MS assay for the quantification of ABT-578 in human and rabbit blood and rabbit tissues for drug-eluting stent development. After protein precipitation, samples were injected into the HPLC system and extracted online using a high flow of 5 mL/min. The extracts were then backflushed onto the analytic column. The [M+Na] of ABT-578 (m/z 988.6-->369.4) and its internal standard sirolimus (m/z 936.5-->409.3) were monitored. Extraction and analysis took 4 minutes. The assay was validated following the US Food & Drug Administration guidelines. Linearity was 0.025-25 ng/mL for most matrices. In human blood, interday accuracies were 81.8% (at 0.025 ng/mL), 91.0% (1 ng/mL), and 99.5% (50 ng/mL), and interday precisions were 10.7% (0.025 ng/mL), 3.0% (1 ng/mL), and 1.8% (50 ng/mL).     

LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中加巴喷丁的浓度及其药动学研究

建立液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)法测定人血浆中加巴喷丁的浓度并将其应用于人体药动学研究。取血浆样品经甲醇沉淀蛋白后,以甲醇0.2%甲酸水溶液(80∶20)为流动相,用Inertsil ODS-3 C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm ID,3μm)分离,采用电喷雾离子源,以多反应监测(MRM)方式进行正离子检测,定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z 172→m/z 154(加巴喷丁)和m/z 130→m/z 71(内标二甲双胍)。加巴喷丁线性范围为40.8～8.16×103 ng.mL 1,定量限为40.8 ng.mL 1,每个样品测试时间仅2.2 min,日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于12%,准确度(RE)在±6.4%范围内。应用此法研究了20名健康志愿者单剂量口服加巴喷丁胶囊600 mg后的药动学特点。该方法快速、专属、灵敏、适用性强,可应用于加巴喷丁的人体药动学研究。     

Disposition and tissue distribution of imatinib in a liposome formulation after intravenous bolus dose to mice

Imatinib is an efficacious anticancer drug with a spectrum of potential antitumour applications limited by poor biodistribution at therapeutic concentrations to the tissues of interest. We assess the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profile of imatinib in a liposome formulation. Its single dose (6.25 mg x kg(-1)) in a liposome formulation was administered iv to male mice. Imatinib concentration was measured in plasma, spleen, liver, kidney and brain using a HPLC assay. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic approach was used to assess the disposition parameters. The plasma disposition profile was biphasic with a plateau-like second phase. The AUC(0-->infinity) was 11.24 microg x h x mL(-1), the elimination rate constant (k(el)) was 0.348 h(-1) and the elimination half life (t(1/2)) was 2.0 h. The mean residence time (MRT) was 2.59 h, V(SS) was 1.44 L x kg(-1) and clearance was 0.56 L x h x kg(-1). Liver achieved the highest tissue exposure: CMAX = 18.72 microg x mL(-1); AUC(0-->infinity)= 58.18 microg x h x mL(-1) and longest t(1/2) (4.29 h) and MRT (5.31 h). Kidney and spleen AUC(0-->infinity) were 47.98 microg x h x mL(-1) and 23.46 microg x h x mL(-1), respectively. Half-life was 1.83 h for the kidney and 3.37 h for the spleen. Imatinib penetrated into the brain reaching approximately 1 microg x g(-1). Upon correction by organ blood flow the spleen showed the largest uptake efficiency. Liposomal imatinib presented extensive biodistribution. The drug uptake kinetics showed mechanism differences amongst the tissues. These findings encourage the development of novel imatinib formulations to treat other cancers.     

LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中西酞普兰及其在制剂生物等效性中的应用

A sensitive and selective LC-MS/MS method for determination of citalopram in human plasma was established to study the bioequivalence of different formulations containing citalopram. The samples were simply pretreated by protein precipitation using acetonitrile, and then analyzed on a Zorbax Extend C₈column. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (60∶40∶0.2), at a flow-rate of 0.5 mL·min^-1. A Thermo Finnigan TSQ Quantum Ultra tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source was used as detector and was operated in the positive ion mode. Selected reaction monitoring using the precursor to product ion combinations of m/z325 → m/z109 and m/z265 → m/z167 was performed to quantify citalopram and the internal standard, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of citalopram in different formulations were calculated by non-compartment model. The linear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 0.10-100 μg·L^-1. The lower limit of quantification was 0.10 μg·L^-1. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) over the entire concentration range was less than 5.2%. Accuracy determined at three concentrations (0.25, 8.00 and 90.0 μg·L^-1 for citalopram) ranged from -4.7% to 1.3%. Each plasma sample was chromatographed within 3.0 min. The method was successfully used in bioequivalence study of citalopram in human plasma after oral administration of 20 mg citalopram. Calculated with AUC_{1-120 h}, the bioavailability of two formulations was (102.1±10.9)%. The method is rapid, selective, robust and is proved to be suitable for bioequivalence evaluation of different formulations containing citalopram.     

液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人血浆中二甲双胍和格列吡嗪

建立了快速、灵敏的液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人血浆中的二甲双胍和格列吡嗪。血浆样品经0.3%甲酸-乙腈(v/v)沉淀蛋白后，以乙腈-水-甲酸(70∶30∶0.3，v/v/v)为流动相，流速为0.50 mL·min^-1。Zorbax Extend C₁₈柱分离，采用大气压化学电离源；以选择反应监测(SRM)方式进行正离子检测。用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z 130→m/z 60(二甲双胍)，m/z 446→m/z 321(格列吡嗪)和m/z 256→m/z 167(内标，苯海拉明)。测定血浆中二甲双胍的线性范围为2.00～2 000 ng·mL^-1， 定量下限为2.00 ng·mL^-1； 格列吡嗪的线性范围为1.00～1 000 ng·mL^-1， 定量下限为1.00 ng·mL^-1。该方法专属性好，灵敏度高，准确快捷，适用于二甲双胍和格列吡嗪的临床药代动力学研究。     

HPLC/MS法研究左旋黄皮酰胺及其代谢物在Beagle犬血浆中的药代动力学HPLC/MS法研究左旋黄皮酰胺及其代谢物在Beagle犬血浆中的药代动力学

目的用HPLC/MS法研究左旋黄皮酰胺［(-)-clau］及其代谢物6-羟基-黄皮酰胺(6-OH-clau)在Beagle犬血浆中的药代动力学过程。方法Beagle犬灌胃左旋黄皮酰胺30 mg·kg^-1，采集静脉血样，血浆经乙酸乙酯萃取分离后，用HPLC/MS选择性正离子检测内标(格列吡嗪，［M+H］⁺，m/z 446)法测定左旋黄皮酰胺(［M+H］⁺，m/z 298)及6-羟基-黄皮酰胺(［M+H-H₂O］⁺，m/z 296)的浓度，以甲醇-水-冰醋酸(60∶40∶0.8)为流动相，流速1.0 mL·min^-1。用3P97软件计算药代动力学参数。结果左旋黄皮酰胺和6-羟基-黄皮酰胺分别在1.0～200 ng·mL^-1和0.2～40.0 ng·mL^-1线性关系良好(r>0.999)，萃取回收率均大于85%。原药及其代谢物的体内过程均符合二室模型；左旋黄皮酰胺及6-羟基-黄皮酰胺的C_max分别为(21±10) ng·mL^-1和(3.9±2.2) ng·mL^-1；T_max分别为(0.8±0.5) h和(1.3±0.5) h；T_1/2α分别为(0.9±0.6) h和(1.4±0.6) h；T_1/2β分别为(19±23) h和(13±12) h；AUC_{0-24 h}分别为(69±14) h·ng·mL^-1和(12±7) h·ng·mL^-1。结论Beagle犬灌胃左旋黄皮酰胺后迅速吸收，血药浓度一相消除很快，但末端消除较慢；其代谢物6-羟基-黄皮酰胺血药浓度经时过程与左旋黄皮酰胺相似，但血药浓度相对较小。     

Drug safety evaluation through biomarker analysis--a toxicity study in the cynomolgus monkey using an antibody-cytotoxic conjugate against ovarian cancer

Antibody-cytotoxin conjugates are complex novel therapeutic agents whose toxicological properties are not presently well understood. The objective of this study was to identify serum biomarkers that correlate with MLN8866 (an Antibody-Cytotoxic Conjugate, mAb8866-CT) pathological events in monkeys and to predict the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) level using biomarkers. Cynomolgus monkeys were administered a single dose MLN8666 (5, 15 or 30 mg/kg) by intravenous infusion and evaluated over a 7-day period. Exposure levels were determined by quantifying MLN8866 levels (Cmax and AUC(0-96 h)) in serum. The increase in MLN8866 Cmax and AUC(0-96 h) was approximately dose proportional. Two biomarkers in serum (m/z 316 and m/z 368) were identified to be correlated with MLN8866 toxicological outcomes. The predicted MTD, 11.4 mg/kg, was within the MTD range set by pathology results (5-15 mg/kg). Administration of MLN8866 at 15 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg dose levels resulted in changes in hematology parameters associated with impaired hematopoiesis and bone marrow toxicity. The projected MLN8866 MTD exposure level was integrated with toxicokinetic analysis and showed Cmax=236 microg/mL and AUC(0-96 h)=7246 h mg/mL. The safety of three different MLN8866 dosing regimens with three dosing schedules was explored with pharmacokinetic modeling.     

雷公藤内酯醇在Beagle犬体内的药代动力学

雷公藤内酯醇(triptolide，TP)是雷公藤的主要有效成分之一。研究不同剂量TP在Beagle犬灌胃给药时的绝对生物利用度和药代动力学， 可望为其临床研究提供参考。以泼尼松龙作内标， 用乙酸乙酯液液萃取， 建立LC-APCI/MS选择性离子监测方法测定血浆TP浓度。Beagle犬分别静脉注射TP 0.05 mg·kg^-1、 灌胃TP 0.05，0.08和0.1 mg·kg^-1进行药代动力学和绝对生物利用度研究。结果表明， TP在1～200 ng·mL^-1呈良好线性关系(r=0.999 7)，批内和批间精密度RSD均小于10%，准确度在95.0%～105.0%，提取回收率大于75%。静注0.05 mg·kg^-1 TP后，T_1/2β为(2.5±0.8) h。3个剂量灌胃组，T_max，T_1/2α和T_1/2β，经检验无统计学差异。AUC和C_max与剂量之间线性相关。灌胃0.05 mg·kg^-1后，TP在Beagle犬体内绝对生物利用度为(75±17)%。可见，LC-APCI/MS法灵敏、可靠、专属性强，可用来测定Beagle犬血浆TP的浓度；TP在Beagle犬体内消除较快，灌胃给药生物利用度较高。