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1.
目的研究频复发性儿童原发性肾病综合征(PNS)反复复发的相关因素。方法回顾分析复发性PNS患儿的临床资料,按复发情况分为频复发组、非频复发组,分析两组的差异。结果纳入92例复发性PNS患儿,中位发病年龄3. 54岁,男女比例3. 18:1;其中单纯型76例,肾炎型16例;汉族60例,回族32例。非频复发组55例,频复发组37例,两组间尿蛋白转阴时间、初次复发时间、临床类型、血尿的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。经Cox模型分析,发现初次复发时间(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.85~0.96)和尿蛋白转阴时间(OR=1.01,95%CI:1.00~1.01)与PNS频繁复发相关(P0.05)。将两变量分别制作频复发曲线图后发现,初始治疗时尿蛋白转阴超过12天、初次缓解后7.5个月内复发的患儿出现频复发的可能性较大。结论尿蛋白转阴时间、初次复发时间可能与儿童PNS频复发显著相关。 相似文献
2.
目的 探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征(PNS)复发的相关因素及构建风险预测模型。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2020年1月入院诊断为PNS患儿的临床资料。随访患儿复发情况,分析影响患儿复发与频复发的危险因素,建立预测模型并进行效能评估。结果 纳入392例PNS患儿,男192例、女200例,中位年龄8.0(7.0~10.0)岁。392例患儿中复发266例(67.9%),复发患儿中频复发124例(46.6%)。多因素logistic回归分析发现,发病年龄增大是PNS患儿复发的独立保护因素(P<0.05),临床分型为肾炎型、尿蛋白转阴时间延长是独立危险因素(P<0.05)。回归方程:Logit(P)=–14.27–1.85×(发病年龄)+0.65×(临床分型)+1.71×(尿蛋白转阴时间),模型预测PNS患儿复发的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.90(95%CI:0.88~0.93)。依从性不良、家长PNS疾病了解情况差是PNS患儿频复发的独立危险因素(P<0.05),初次复发时间延长是独立保护因素(P<0.05)。回归方程:Logit(P)=–0.52+0.54×(依... 相似文献
3.
目的 探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征(PNS)复发的危险因素.方法 回顾分析176例初发PNS患儿的临床资料,对其临床特征、检验指标及治疗等进行单因素分析和非条件Logistic回归分析.结果 176例患儿中60.8%复发,单因素、多因素分析结果均显示患儿初次发病年龄≤ 3岁、血IgE水平升高、24 h尿蛋白定量水平高、血浆白蛋白水平低、第1次开始足量糖皮质激素(GC)治疗至尿蛋白转阴的时间> 1周、患儿父母对PNS的认知度及对患儿的护理程度差等均可视为PNS患儿复发的危险因素.而感染仍是PNS复发的第1位诱因.结论 应充分重视PNS患儿初次发病时的临床特征、检验指标及GC疗效等,及时干预可致PNS复发的危险因素,以减少复发. 相似文献
4.
目的 探讨肾小球系膜区微量IgM 沉积在儿童微小病变型原发性肾病综合征(PNS)中的意义。方法 以临床诊断为PNS、病理诊断为微小病变(MCD)及肾组织微量IgM 沉积的106 例患儿为研究组,无免疫复合物沉积的MCD 型PNS 患儿81 例为对照组,回顾性分析两组患儿的临床特点、微量IgM 沉积对糖皮质激素及免疫抑制剂疗效的影响。患儿均口服足量泼尼松治疗,对糖皮质激素耐药者或频复发者联用免疫抑制剂治疗。结果 研究组糖皮质激素耐药率高于对照组(27.2% vs 12.3%,PPP>0.05)。研究组和对照组频复发病例联用MMF 治疗后复发频率均显著减少(P结论 MCD 型PNS 患儿肾脏的微量IgM 沉积可能是糖皮质激素耐药及频复发的重要因素;糖皮质激素耐药及频复发患儿联用MMF 治疗可能是较好的治疗方案。 相似文献
5.
目的:探讨儿童原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)并发急性胰腺炎的临床及实验室检查特点,提高对儿童PNS并发急性胰腺炎的认识。方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2019年12月深圳市儿童医院住院的10例PNS并发急性胰腺炎患儿的临床资料,对其临床表现、影像学、实验室检查、治疗及... 相似文献
6.
Schwartz公式推算原发性肾病综合征患儿肾小球滤过率 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 了解原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿肾功能变化情况,比较肾小球滤过率(GFR)、血浆尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐清除率(Cr)对肾功能的评价作用.方法 使用酶法测定203例PNS患儿和100例健康儿童BUN和Cr,根据Schwartz公式推算GFR,并以此对肾功能进行分期.结果 肾病组BUN和Cr明显高于对照组,而GFR却显著降低;以GFR为分期标准,在203例PNS患儿中,肾功能1期占72.41%,2期占11.33%,3期占9.85%,4期占4.43%,5期占1.97%;GFR、BUN和Cr对PNS患儿肾功能异常的检出率差异有统计学意义,其中GFR最高.结论 PNS患儿存在不同程度的肾功能损害;Schwartz公式推算GFR可以作为临床评价PNS患儿肾功能改变的敏感指标. 相似文献
7.
原发性肾病综合征(PNS)是儿童时期常见的肾小球疾病,约25%的频复发型肾病综合征(FRNS)或激素依赖型肾病综合征(SDNS)患儿在成年期仍需用激素和(或)免疫抑制剂(ISA)维持治疗;约35%的激素耐药型肾病综合征(SRNS)患儿加用免疫抑制剂仍不缓解.利妥昔单抗是一种人鼠嵌合型抗CD20单克隆抗体,作为PNS的三线药物用于治疗对ISA如环磷酰胺、环孢素、他克莫司、霉酚酸酯等反应不佳、且不良反应严重的FRNS/SDNS和SRNS患儿,已取得较好的近期疗效,其远期疗效及安全性尚需多中心、前瞻性、大样本的随机对照试验证实. 相似文献
8.
59例小儿肾病综合征反复的原因 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
刘爱民 《实用儿科临床杂志》1995,10(6):341-341
59例小儿肾病综合征反复的原因浙江医科大学附属儿童医院(310003)刘爱民我院自1991年11月至1993年10月共收治原发性肾病综合征147例,其中因为反复而入院的患儿共59例。现将可能引起反复的相关因素,分析讨论如下.临床资料一般资料59例中,... 相似文献
9.
儿童常见肾脏疾病诊治循证指南(试行)(三):激素耐药型肾病综合征诊治指南 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
中华医学会儿科学分会肾脏病学组 《中华儿科杂志》2010,48(1)
一、前言
自20世纪50年代以来口服糖皮质激素(glucocorticosteroid,GC)一直是国内外治疗原发性肾病综合征(PNS)公认的首选药物,80%~90%的PNS患儿对GC敏感,但仍有10%~20%的患儿出现Gc耐药.激素耐药型肾病综合征(steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome,SRNS)是临床较棘手的问题,相关的GC和免疫抑制剂应用方案复杂,目前尚无统一的治疗方案. 相似文献
10.
肾病综合征患儿频复发相关因素分析及预后 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 探讨影响小儿肾病综合征(NS)频复发的临床相关因素及预后.方法 对35例NS患儿进行门诊或电话、短信随访,随访时间1~15 a,了解患儿疾病转归及生活质量,并对获得的完整临床资料进行分析.结果 35例患儿中单纯型肾病33例,肾炎型肾病2例.其中6例做过肾活检,病理类型为微小病变4例,系膜增生性肾炎、局灶性节段性肾小球硬化各1例.在频复发的因素中,感染尤其是呼吸道感染比例最高(91.4%),其次为不正规激素治疗(22.8%),再次为持续的高脂血症,尤其是脂蛋白(a)增高(14.8%);精神因素和特应性体质也受到重视.其中不同发病年龄的复发率无显著性差异(P>0.05);激素初治疗程(以6个月为标准)频复发与少复发组比较差异显著(P<0.05).随访过程中,5例临床治愈,28例完全缓解,2例部分缓解.34例能正常生活,1例出现生长发育迟缓.结论 正确使用糖皮质激素,积极控制感染,合理应用免疫抑制剂可减少复发;建立长期随访管理制度对改善小儿NS的预后非常重要. 相似文献
11.
Low serum immunoglobulin G--a predictor of frequent relapses in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Serum immunoglobulins were measured in 25 children at the onset of nephrotic syndrome, in 20 during remission and in 19 during relapse. On follow up, 10 of them were frequent relapsers (FR). As compared to children who were infrequent relapsers (IFR), frequent relapsers had significantly lower levels of IgG at onset (p less than 0.001) which persisted during remission. IgG in FR at onset and at remission were 27.2 and 42.5% of normal mean as compared to 70.0 and 74.4% of normal mean observed at onset and remission, respectively in IFR. Very low levels of IgG may help predict onset of a tendency towards frequent relapses in children with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. 相似文献
12.
目的探讨激素不同疗效的原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿外周血P选择素(CD62P)和细胞表面糖蛋白(CD44)质量浓度及临床意义。方法将2005-03—2005-08在中山大学附属第一医院儿童肾病中心住院的PNS患儿54例,患儿分为激素敏感活动期(19例)、激素敏感缓解期(13例)、激素耐药活动期(12例)和激素耐药缓解期(10例)4组。另设20名年龄、性别相匹配的健康儿童为正常对照组。采用放射免疫法(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)分别测定各组血浆CD62P和血清CD44质量浓度,并分析其与患儿24h尿蛋白定量、血清白蛋白(ALB)、胆固醇(CHOL)、尿素氮(BUN)和肌酐(Cr)之间的相关关系。结果(1)PNS激素敏感患儿,其活动期外周血CD62P及CD44质量浓度均显著高于缓解期(P<0·01)。(2)激素耐药患儿,其活动期血清CD44质量浓度显著高于缓解期(P<0·05),而血浆CD62P质量浓度差异无显著性意义(P>0·05)。(3)PNS活动期患儿外周血CD62P、CD44质量浓度与24h尿蛋白定量及CHOL呈正相关,与ALB呈负相关。结论CD62P及CD44与儿童PNS的发生发展密切相关;动态检测PNS患儿外周血中CD62P和CD44的水平,可作为判断PNS病情和疗效的指标。 相似文献
13.
Immunological studies were performed on 84 children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome as part of an investigation of the relationship between steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome and allergy. Serum total IgE levels tended to be raised, particularly in children who had frequent relapses of nephrotic syndrome. Ten children had extremely high levels (greater than 1500 IU/ml) and several of them had neither a history of atopy nor any other identifiable cause. 25% of the children had at least one positive test for specific IgE antibody. IgE was not detected by immunofluorescence in renal biopsy tissue from 25 children, regardless of whether the child was in remission or relapse at the time of biopsy. Serum IgG and IgA levels were depressed particularly at the time of a relapse. Serum IgM tended to be raised and to remain so, even in children who had been in remission for more than a year. No clinically useful relationship was found between the frequency of HLA antigens and the occurrence or course of the syndrome, whether or not accompanied by atopy. Clinical and immunological features of atopy are more common in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. This may be a causal or non-causal association. Pollen sensitivity is a rare cause of nephrotic syndrome; careful search for provocative agents may show other causes. 相似文献
14.
目的 探讨原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome,PNS)患儿治疗前后脂肪因子的表达变化及其与血脂的相关性,以及脂肪因子在PNS患儿高脂血症中的作用.方法 选取2015年3月至2018年3月确诊为PNS初发或激素停药6个月以上复发的PNS患儿90例为研究对象,另选取同期行健康体检的儿童3... 相似文献
15.
目的 研究儿童初发IgA肾病肾病综合征型的临床特点,探讨其与原发性肾病综合征的异同,为这两种疾病的临床鉴别诊断提供理论依据。方法 选择50例初发IgA肾病且表现为肾病综合征的患儿为观察对象,以72例初发原发性肾病综合征患儿为对照组,比较两组患儿的临床及实验室检查特点。结果 IgA肾病组患儿肉眼血尿、镜下血尿、高血压、急性肾损伤、贫血、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症、低补体C4血症、激素耐药、肾炎型肾病综合征发生率均显著高于对照组,血IgE升高发生率低于对照组(P< 0.05)。两组血肌酐、血尿酸、血总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血IgE、血C4、血红蛋白水平比较差异有统计学意义(P< 0.05)。血IgE< 131.2 IU/mL、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇< 1.35 mmol/L作为临界值对鉴别IgA肾病肾病综合征型及原发性肾病综合征显示了一定的价值(Youden 指数分别为0.535、0.564)。结论 IgA肾病肾病综合征型患儿临床多表现为肾炎型肾病综合征及激素耐药型肾病综合征;临床表现联合高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血IgE水平有助于鉴别IgA肾病肾病综合征型及原发性肾病综合征 。 相似文献
16.
目的 观察原发性肾病综合征(PNS)患儿血清酰化刺激蛋白(ASP)、补体C3水平的变化以及与血脂的关系.方法 分别检测35例未经治疗的PNS患儿(蛋白尿组)和25例缓解期PNS患儿(缓解组)空腹血清ASP、C3、白蛋白及血脂水平,并与35例体重指数相匹配的正常儿童(对照组)进行比较.结果 蛋白尿组血清ASP水平(101... 相似文献
17.
H TSUKAHARA S HARUKI M HIRAOKA C HORI M SUDO 《Journal of paediatrics and child health》1997,33(3):253-255
Objective: To investigate long-term changes of serum cholesterol levels in children with frequently relapsing steroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome (NS).
Methodology: Serum cholesterol values just before and during or immediately after 'relapse' were reviewed and the incidence of hypercholesterolaemia (≥200 mg/dL) was determined in eight patients (M:F, 6:2).
Results: The patients with frequently relapsing NS usually showed hypercholesterolaemia (mean incidence, 81%) just before 'relapse' during clinical remission, as well as in relapse (mean incidence, 96%). A high incidence of steroid therapy was also found in each case (mean, 89%) just before relapse.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that children with frequently relapsing NS have prolonged periods of hypercholesterolaemia, even during clinical remission. It is suggested that serum lipid profiles be monitored carefully in such patients. 相似文献
Methodology: Serum cholesterol values just before and during or immediately after 'relapse' were reviewed and the incidence of hypercholesterolaemia (≥200 mg/dL) was determined in eight patients (M:F, 6:2).
Results: The patients with frequently relapsing NS usually showed hypercholesterolaemia (mean incidence, 81%) just before 'relapse' during clinical remission, as well as in relapse (mean incidence, 96%). A high incidence of steroid therapy was also found in each case (mean, 89%) just before relapse.
Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that children with frequently relapsing NS have prolonged periods of hypercholesterolaemia, even during clinical remission. It is suggested that serum lipid profiles be monitored carefully in such patients. 相似文献
18.
Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and absolute eosinophil count (AEC) were assayed in 48 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and 20 controls. The mean serum IgE (p < 0.001) and AEC (p < 0.05) were significantly raised in active nephrotic syndrome compared with controls. The mean values of IgE and AEC in nephrotic patients were 228.6 and 164.5 per cent of the normal mean, respectively. The serum IgE and AEC were significantly abnormal in all the subgroups (first attack, infrequent, and frequent relapsers), except AEC in infrequent relapses, when compared with the controls. No significant differences in the parameters were observed among the different subgroups of cases. In remission, the mean IgE and AEC were unchanged in comparison with their corresponding values at diagnosis. Thus, the levels are raised not only in active but also in remission, reflecting abnormal immune status even in the disease-free state. 相似文献