Nutrition in Chinese-Korean Children and Adolescents

ObjectiveTo study the nutrition habits among Chinese-Korean children and adolescents in Yanbian Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin, China. MethodsData were obtained from the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 for Chinese-Korean children and adolescents aged 7-18 years.The number of the subjects included was 4789, 4704, 5875, and 5315, respectively. ResultsThe rate of the occurrence of stunting showed a declining trend from 1995 to 2010 (for boys:urban, 6.3%; rural, 12.7% in 1995 and 3.5% for both in 2010. For girls: urban, 7.8%; rural, 13.4% in 1995 and 4.2% and 5.5%, respectively, in 2010). Although the ratio of wasting did not show significant differences between the urban and rural children and adolescents in 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010 respectively, the ratio of occurrence of overweight or obesity increased (for boys: urban, 7.3% and 1.3%in 1995, 17.6% and 12.9% in 2010; rural, 7.0% and 1.3% in 1995, 14.6% and 12.8% in 2010, respectively. For girls: urban, 8.1% and 1.0% in 1995, 17.3% and 8.6% in 2010; rural 5.7% and 0.7% in 1995, 16.4%and 7.4% in 2010, respectively). ConclusionThe ratio of malnutrition in children and adolescents in Chinese-Korean areas declined from 1995 to 2010, and the distinction in malnutrition between the urban and rural areas was negligible in 2010. Further, the ratio of overweight and obesity increased over this period.     

2005年至2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年营养不良流行现状及趋势变化分析

目的：了解2005年至2014年中国7~18岁儿童青少年营养不良的流行现状及其变化趋势,为改善学生的营养状况提供依据。方法：利用2005年、 2010年和2014年3次“中国学生体质与健康调研”数据,按照2014年颁布的国家卫生标准《学龄儿童青少年营养不良筛查标准》（WS/T456-2014）, 对中国31个省市自治区（除港澳台）7~18岁儿童青少年的营养不良检出率分性别、分年龄、分地区和省市自治区以及年份进行分析,西藏自治区为藏族学生,其他30个省市自治区均为汉族学生。结果：2014年中国7~18岁汉族学生的营养不良检出率为10.0%,其中生长迟缓、中重度消瘦、轻度消瘦分别为0.8%、 3.7%、 5.5%,较2005和2010年营养不良检出率分别下降了5.0和2.6个百分点,其中生长迟缓、中重度消瘦、轻度消瘦分别下降1.0、 1.8、 2.2个百分点和0.4、 1.1、 1.2个百分点;2014年7~18岁男生营养不良检出率高于女生（11.1% vs. 8.9%）,乡村高于城市（11.0% vs. 9.1%）,7~9岁、10~12岁、13~15岁和16~18岁4个年龄段的检出率分别为10.5%、 9.0%、 9.1%、 11.5%,东、中、西部分别为9.0%、 9.2%和11.7%;我国学生营养不良主要以轻度消瘦为主,汉族和藏族学生的生长迟缓检出在营养不良中仅占到8.0%和7.5%; 2005年至2014年的3次调查中,中国7~18岁汉族和藏族学生的营养不良检出率均逐次下降,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）; 2005年至2014年全国31个省市自治区男女生的营养不良检出率较高,多集中在西南地区,东部省市自治区营养不良检出率较低;与2005年和2010年相比,2014年全国31个省市自治区营养不良检出率均出现下降,且营养不良检出率较高的地区逐渐减少,检出率较低的地区逐渐增多。结论：2005年至2014年全国31个省市自治区的7~18岁儿童青少年的营养不良检出率呈持续下降趋势,但总体检出率仍然较高,以消瘦型营养不良为主,生长迟缓检出率低,西南地区各省市自治区营养不良检出率较高。     

内蒙古自治区3~18岁儿童体格发育调查

  目的  调查内蒙古自治区3~18岁儿童的体格发育情况。  方法  在2017年10月—2018年10月期间,采用分层整群抽样的方法选取内蒙古自治区4盟市(呼和浩特市、包头市、通辽市、呼伦贝尔市)15 199名儿童为研究对象,收集身高、体重并计算体重指数;以2005年九市儿童体格发育调查数据为参考标准,计算超重、肥胖的检出率,并分析其特点。  结果  内蒙古自治区3~18岁男、女儿童均有2个身高增长高峰段,男童为3~4岁和11岁阶段;女童为4~5岁和10~11岁阶段;随年龄的增长体重增长无明显规律,青春期前后出现增幅单高峰,男、女儿童分别出现在15岁、10岁。各年龄段身高、体重均明显高于2005中国九市标准(均P＜0.001),其中6岁男童、13岁女童身高超过全国标准最明显;7岁男童、10岁女童体重高于全国标准最明显。超重的总检出率为12.31%,肥胖的总检出率为20.27%,其中男、女童超重检出率差异无统计学意义,分别为11.55%、13.10%(P=0.132);男童肥胖检出率显著高于女童,分别为22.67%、17.76%(P＜0.001)。  结论  内蒙古自治区3~18岁儿童体格发育状况良好,但超重、肥胖检出率高。建议相关部门重视儿童的体格发育,加强儿童健康管理,养成良好的生活习惯。      

Dairy Consumption and Associations with Nutritional Status of Chinese Children and Adolescents

Objective This study aimed to describe frequency and quantity of total dairy consumption of Chinese children and adolescents and explore the associations between dairy consumption and nutrition status, including stunting, wasting, overweight, and obesity. Methods Participants included 28,250 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old. A food frequency questionnaire(FFQ) including 100 kinds of food was used to collect information about frequency and quantity of dairy consumption. Determination of stunting was with a height cutoff value for age and gender, and determination for wasting, overweight, and obesity was with BMI for age and gender. Results Of the total sample, 36.1% of children aged 6-17 reported consuming dairy food more than once per day(≥ 1/day). The average total dairy intake of all the participants was 126.7 g/day. For boys, dairy consumption had an inverse correlation with stunting and wasting after controlling for confounders. For girls, dairy consumption was negatively associated with stunting and obesity after controlling for confounders as above. Conclusion Dairy consumption in Chinese children and adolescents was relatively lower than that in developed countries, and was negatively associated with stunting and wasting for boys and with stunting and obesity for girls.     

蒙古族7~18岁儿童青少年不同年龄段体质量参考值的建立

目的建立合理适用的蒙古族7～18岁儿童青少年体质量参考值。方法对象来自"全国学生体质健康调研"蒙古族通辽校点2000年和2005年的调查数据。2000年获得有效人数5 563人,以年龄别体质量为指标采用有序样品聚类分析方法对样本划分最优年龄段,结合离差法建立各年龄段体质量的参考值范围;2005年获得有效人数2 990人,用以验证参考值范围正常率。结果城男分为7～8岁、9～11岁、12～13岁、14～15岁、16～18岁等5个最佳年龄段;乡男分为7～9岁、10～12岁、13～14岁、15～16岁、17～18岁等5个最佳年龄段;城女及乡女划分为7～8岁,9～10岁,11岁,12～13岁,14～15岁,16～18岁等6个最佳年龄段,建立了蒙古族儿童青少年的体质量参考值标准,共计32个参考值。结论本研究所建立的针对蒙古族儿童青少年体质量参考值标准,突出了简单实用的特点,同时填补了蒙古族儿童青少年年龄别体质量标准的缺乏,对预防蒙古族儿童青少年的营养不良、超重和肥胖有一定的指导意义。     

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents: reassessment of 1985 and 1995 data against new standard international definitions.

OBJECTIVE: To review the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Australian children and adolescents in two national samples, 10 years apart, using the new standard international definitions of the International Obesity Task Force Childhood Obesity Working Group. DESIGN: Body mass index (BMI) cut-off points defining overweight and obesity were applied to the individual BMI values in the two cross-sectional samples. SETTING: Australian community. PARTICIPANTS: 8,492 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years (Australian Health and Fitness Survey, 1985) and 2,962 children aged 2-18 years (National Nutrition Survey, 1995). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Prevalence of overweight and obesity. RESULTS: In the 1985 sample, 9.3% of boys and 10.6% of girls were overweight and a further 1.7% [corrected] of boys and 1.6% [corrected] of girls were obese. In the 1995 sample, overall 15.0% of boys (varied with age from 10.4% to 20.0%) and 15.8% of girls (varied with age from 14.5% to 17.2%) were overweight, and a further 4.5% of boys (2.4%-6.8%) and 5.3% of girls (4.2%-6.3%) were obese. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the 1995 sample peaked at 12-15 years in boys and 7-11 years in girls. In schoolchildren aged 7-15 years, the rates represent a relative risk of overweight in 1995 compared with 1985 of 1.79 (95% CI, 1.59-2.00) and of obesity of 3.28 (95% CI, 2.51-4.29). Compared with previous estimates from these samples, the revised prevalence data are slightly higher for the 1985 data and considerably higher for the 1995 data. CONCLUSION: The secular trend of increasing overweight and obesity in the decade from 1985 and the high prevalence rates in Australian children and adolescents are a major public health concern.     

2010-2016年上海市闵行区6~18岁学生营养不良的流行趋势研究

 目的  分析2010—2016年间上海市闵行区6~18岁年龄段学生营养不良流行趋势,为制定中小学学生营养不良防治措施提供依据。方法   使用2010—2016年闵行区体质健康监测点学校健康体检数据,对所有6～18岁的学生利用2014儿童青少年发育水平的综合评价国家标准进行评价,分析不同营养不良类型和不同年龄段学生的营养不良检出率。结果  上海市闵行区2010—2016年中小学学生营养不良检出率均呈现先升高后下降的趋势;营养不良的类型以单纯消瘦为主,但是13～18岁男生组消瘦检出率由2010年的3.5%升高到了2016年的7.8%,13~18岁女生组的消瘦检出率由2010年的1.3%升高到了2016年的3.9%。结论  上海市闵行区中小学学生的营养不良总体控制较好,但是13～18岁组的消瘦检出率有逐年升高的趋势,应依托闵行区医教结合工作,与学生的超重肥胖控制工作相结合来改善该年龄段学生的营养不良。     

包头市区7—14岁儿童碘缺乏病调查

１９９５年对包头市区１０１７７名７－１４儿童进行了碘缺乏病调查，男性甲状腺肿大率为１３．０８％，甲肿患病率０．１９％，女性甲状腺肿大率为１４．７６％，甲肿患病率０．３３％，甲状腺肿大率男女性差异有统计学意义。尿碘值大于１００ｕｇ／Ｌ者达８８．３３％。居民盐碘的有碘率，合格率分别为９７．６１％和９７．２０％。说明包头市区为缺碘地区有必要实行人工补碘。     

吉林省延吉市儿童和青少年超重/肥胖现况调查及其影响因素分析

目的：调查2016年吉林省延吉市城区儿童和青少年超重/肥胖现状及相关的生活方式,阐明超重/肥胖的影响因素。方法：采用普查方法对吉林省延吉市城区6~17岁的儿童和青少年42 132人进行身高和体质量测量,计算体质量指数（BMI）。采用问卷调查、分层整群随机抽样方法,在参加体检调查对象中抽取10~14岁儿童和青少年1 523人,调查饮食习惯。采用中国肥胖工作组制定的标准筛查超重和肥胖,采用Logistic回归分析和中介效应分析方法筛选超重/肥胖影响因素。结果：2016年吉林省延吉市城区6~17岁儿童和青少年超重和肥胖总体检出率分别为16.7%和18.4%,超重+肥胖检出率为35.0%。男生超重和肥胖检出率（18.6%,22.0%）均高于女生（14.7%,14.4%）（P<0.01）。7~13岁男生各年龄组超重检出率均高于同年龄的女生（P<0.05或P<0.01）,男生各年龄组肥胖检出率均高于同年龄的女生（P<0.01）。男生超重检出率在12岁达到高峰,在6~10岁肥胖检出率（23.8%~25.6%）均较高,11~17岁肥胖检出率随着年龄的增长而逐渐下降。每周吃烧烤食物≥ 3次（男生OR=1.767,P=0.010,95% CI：1.148~2.719;女生OR=2.205,P=0.002,95% CI：1.327~3.664）和节食减肥（男生OR=2.113,P<0.001,95% CI：1.456~3.065;女生OR=2.128,P<0.001,95% CI：1.430~3.167）增加儿童和青少年超重/肥胖风险,每周吃甜点心≥ 3次（男生OR=0.359,P<0.001,95% CI：0.226~0.573;女生OR=0.324,P<0.001,95% CI：0.186~0.565）和按时吃三餐（男生OR=0.683,P=0.028,95% CI=0.486~0.960;女生OR=0.624,P=0.016,95% CI=0.424~0.916）可降低超重/肥胖风险。自我评价体型在超重肥胖和每天按时吃三餐之间具有完全中介效应。结论：吉林省延吉市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率处于较高水平,日常饮食习惯和节食减肥是超重/肥胖的主要影响因素。     

2010年昆明市盘龙区6～17岁儿童青少年血压调查分析

目的 分析调查2010年昆明市盘龙区6-17岁儿童青少年血压水平、高血压患病率,以提高儿童保健质量.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取昆明市盘龙区260名6-17岁儿童青少年,通过询问调查和医学体检进行问卷调查,测量身高、体重、腰围、血压,采用《中国男性儿童青少年血压参照标准（mmHg）》和《中国女性儿童青少年血压参照标准（mmHg）》进行高血压状况评价,计算高血压患病率.结果 2010年昆明市盘龙区6-17岁儿童青少年高血压患病率为1.9％,男生2.2％,女生1.6％.收缩期高血压2人,患病率0.8％,舒张期高血压3人,患病率1.2％.舒张压正常高值血压3人,占1.2％,严重高血压2人,占66.7％.7-17岁儿童青少年消瘦率2.1％,超重率11.7％,肥胖率10.0％.6-17岁儿童青少年中心性肥胖率20.8％.结论 6-17岁儿童青少年高血压状况不容忽视.学生高血压应成为重点关注问题.     

Secular Changes of Stature in Rural Children and Adolescents in China, 1985-2010

Objective To analyze and assess secular change in stature in rural children and adolescents in China from 1985 to 2010.Methods Data were obtained from the 6 rounds of the Chinese National Survey on Student’s Constitution and Health.The subjects enrolled in the study were children and adolescents aged 7-18years in rural areas of provincial capitals.Results An overall positive secular trend in stature occurred in rural areas of provincial capitals in China from 1985 to 2010.The overall average increase rates were 3.1 and 2.4 cm/decade for boys and girls,respectively.The total body height increases for grown up boys and girls were 3.6 and 2.3 cm and the increase rates were 1.4 and 0.9 cm/decade,respectively.There were differences in body height increase among eastern,central and western regions.The average body height of the children or adolescents in eastern region was highest,followed by central region and western region.The overall increase rates in central region were highest among the three regions.The difference between eastern/central region and western region was obvious.Conclusion Positive secular trend in stature of children or adolescents has occurred in rural area of China,and rural boys and girls showed a great potential for continuous growth.More attention should be paid to the differences in children’s body height between western region and eastern/central region.     

Height centile curve for child and adolescents in Shaanxi province

Objective:It has been recommended that age-related centile curves of anthropometric indexes(such as height,weight)be used rountinly to evaluate the growth and development statues in children.Prewsented here is the age-related height centile curves for children aged 0-18 years in Shaanxi,China,1995.Methods:Data of the Shaanxi population were retrieved from The Third Nationwide Growth Survey to construct the age-related height centile curves.The LMS method was used for curve fitting;all analyses were carried out on the basis of different sexes through a special program for LMS(λ-median-coefficient)method which was devised by Cole TJ.Results:Centile curves for boys and girls,showing similar age-related features but girls‘ puberty coming two years earlier than boys‘.The period of puberty growth increment was about 2 years longer for boys.At age 18,boys were taller than girls for about 14 cm.Compared with beight standard of NCHS(national center of bealth statistics).Shaanxi children were taller than American children before 14 years for boys,12 years for girls,but after 15 years for boys and 13 years for girls,Shaanxi chilgren were shorter than American ones.At age 18,Shaanxi children was 5.6 cm for boys and 4.9 cm for girls shorter than NCHS.Shaanxi children‘s height increase range from 1958 to 1995 at the same age was 4.9-15.1 cm,with the mean of 9.59 cm for boys,and 3.7-12.5 cm,with the mean of 8.38 cm for girls.Between 1958-1995,the increasing velocity every ten years were 2.57 cm for boys and 2.26 cm for girls,which indicated that the children have reached the optimum.Conclusion:By means of LMS method,we constructed age-related height centile curves for Shaanxi children aged 0-18 years,these height centile curves are the first one for the Chinese children.It can be used as a reference for assessing growth and development status of Shaanxi children aged 0-18 years.     

内蒙古自治区包头市3～18岁人群罹患高尿酸血症情况分析

目的 调查内蒙古自治区包头市3～18岁人群罹患高尿酸血症(hyperuricemia,HUA)的现状。方法 收集2021年1月至2022年6月就诊于内蒙古自治区包头市区三级医院3～18岁人群的相关资料,并对获得的数据进行统计学分析。结果 依据2020年《高尿酸血症/痛风患者实践指南》标准,3～18岁人群HUA总检出率为30.23%,其中男性检出率为14.23%,女性检出率为20.09%,男性在3～6岁、7～9岁、10～18岁HUA检出率分别为8.81%、5.77%、32.84%,女性在3～6岁、7～9岁、10～18岁HUA检出率分别为16.97%、17.05%、28.29%。结论 不同年龄、性别儿童和青少年在生理、发育方面与成人有异,及早重视儿童和青少年HUA可能更有利于预防成年后痛风和相关并发症的发生。     

1985年至2010年中国18个少数民族17岁学生身高趋势分析

目的：分析我国18个少数民族学生1985年至2010年成年身高生长长期变化的特点、规律和趋势。方法：利用1985、1995、2000、2005和2010年全国学生体质调查资料,对蒙古族、回族、维吾尔族、壮族、朝鲜族、藏族、苗族、布依族、侗族、白族、土家族、哈尼族、傣族、傈僳族、佤族、纳西族、土族和羌族18个少数民族17岁学生身高进行了分析。结果：我国大部分少数民族男生的成年身高有很大幅度提高,2010年18个少数民族17岁男生平均身高均超过162 cm,回族、蒙古族、朝鲜族17岁男生平均身高均超过170 cm;身高每10年增速超过2 cm的民族分别是回族（2.64 cm/10年）和侗族男生（2.05 cm/10年）,身高每10年增速超过1 cm的民族有朝鲜族（1.99 cm/10年）、藏族（1.90 cm/10年）、哈尼族（1.80 cm/10年）等12个少数民族。2010年,所调查的18个少数民族17岁女生平均身高均超过150 cm,有15个少数民族女生的成年身高出现不同程度的增长,身高每10年增速超过1 cm的民族分别是回族（1.56 cm/10年）和朝鲜族女生（1.29 cm/10年）,身高增长幅度具有显著性的民族有回族（3.89 cm）、朝鲜族（3.23 cm）、侗族（2.35 cm）等9个少数民族（P<0.05）。结论：我国大部分少数民族学生出现了较为明显的生长长期趋势,但各民族男、女生成年身高增长幅度存在明显不平衡,要给予生长长期趋势增长缓慢的少数民族更高的关注度。同时,对成年身高增长较为迅速的少数民族亦要注意其生长长期趋势所带来的负面效应。     

济宁市小学生生长发育状况分析

目的了解济宁市小学生的体质健康状况和生长发育变化趋势。方法2010年9～H月份,在济宁市学生体质与健康调研点校,采用分层整群抽样方法抽取7～11岁小学生1000人,以1岁为一个年龄组,每组城乡各100人,性别比例为1：1。由专业人员采用统一的器材对抽取的学生进行相关身体指标的测量。选择身高、体重作为形态学指标以及肺活量、握力作为身体机能指标进行分析。结果2010年济宁市小学生的身高、体重、肺活量、握力指标与2005年济宁市小学生体质调研结果相比均有不同程度的增长;农村学生的身高、体重、握力3项指标高于城市学生,城乡学生的肺活量差异无统计学意义。结论近年来济宁市小学生身体形态、机能素质发育水平不断提高,小学生身体发育水平的城乡间差异正在减小。     

Age at maximum growth spurt in body height for Saudi school children aged 9-18 years

OBJECTIVE: To provide growth reference values in body height, to determine the specific age at peak height velocity for Saudi male and female adolescences aged 9-18 years and to evaluate the appropriateness of using the Centers for Disease Control/National Center for Health Statistics (CDC/NCHS) growth standards in body height for the assessment of Saudi adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional anthropometric survey was conducted in 1053 Saudi male and female school children living in Riyadh city. The study sample was collected in the year 2000 and data were completed and refined in the year 2002. Standing height measurements were recorded for each subject using standard measuring techniques. The 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th percentiles for body height were calculated separately for boys and girls in one year intervals. The median reference values were compared with the corresponding values in the CDC/NHCS and with other similar studies on Saudi population. RESULTS: The results revealed that the age at peak height velocity for Saudi boys is 13-14 years and for Saudi girls is 10-11 years. The median value for body height at 18 years old for male and female was comparable with other studies reported in similar ethnic group. CONCLUSION: The use of the CDC/NCHS growth standard for height does not appear appropriate for the assessment of growth of Saudi children aged 9-18 years.     

西藏昌都与日喀则地区儿童运动前后超声心动图特征变化比较研究

目的 探讨西藏昌都和日喀则两地儿童运动前后心功能变化. 方法 以西藏自治区昌都和日喀则两地11～12岁的130名儿童为研究对象,通过递增负荷自行车测试,观察运动前后两地儿童超声心动图变化. 结果 运动前后昌都芒康县男女生的左心室射血分数,左心室舒张末期内径,左心室收缩末期内径,左心室质量,每搏输出量,心排出量等心脏功能变量值均高于日喀则白朗县儿童. 结论 初步结果证明西藏东部昌都地区儿童的心脏功能和运动能力强于西部后藏地区儿童的运动能力.     

The nutritional status of Tanzanian children: A cross-sectional anthropometric community survey report

Anthropomorphic measurements have been found to be most useful in the assessment of nutritional and health status. Scattered cross-sectional community anthropomorphic measurements of rural preschool children from 8 regions of Tanzania were carried out in 1976 and 1977. This report involves 4766 preschool children and 341 school children who had their anthropomorphic measurements analyzed. The results showed that 2.4% of the preschool children had severe Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM), whereas 42.6% suffered from mild to severe PEM. There were more underweight children among preschool girls than among the boys in all age groups, except in those aged 0-6 months. School girls, however, had fewer underweight children among them than school boys. This is a finding not reported in 4 other studies in Tanzania involving some 2000 preschool children, in the past. There is a cumulative stunting becoming maximum at the 18-30 month age group. The mean average "stunting" prevalence was 46.5% while the mean average "wasting" prevalence was 8.3%. There is a need to find out the reason why PEM prevalence among preschool children has not changed since about 15 years ago, while it is common knowledge that primary health care facilities have doubled or even quadrupled in quantity during the same period. It is rather expedient to find out if there is preferential treatment of preschool boys by parents.     

重庆市城区3～18岁儿童青少年肥胖症及相关疾病的流行病学调查

目的为掌握重庆市儿童青少年超重肥胖的发病情况,并对心血管疾病相关的高危指标进行观察。方法对重庆市城区23293名3~18岁儿童青少年进行了流行病学调查。测量指标包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压。结果(1)总体检出超重12.44%,肥胖为3.72%,其中男孩分别为14.38%、4.99%,女孩为10.37%、2.35%。(2)肥胖组及超重组男女儿童的收缩压及舒张压高于90百分位及95百分位者均多于正常体重组,χ2值分别为404.535、618.486,115.912、131.641,P值均<0.005。(3)腰-臀围比值肥胖男孩中有10.89%腰-臀围比值>1.0,肥胖女孩中有75.00%腰-臀围比值>0.85。结论重庆市城区儿童青少年超重检出率为12.44%,肥胖检出率为3.72%。肥胖儿童中的血压升高者明显的多于同年龄同性别正常体重儿童。女孩中心性肥胖高于男孩。     

血压身高比在吉林省延吉市青少年高血压筛查中的应用

目的：探讨采用血压身高比（BPHR）筛查吉林省延吉市青少年高血压的最佳截断值,为了解吉林省延吉市青少年高血压患病率提供依据。方法：2016年9—10月选取吉林省延吉市城镇23所中学和高中,采用整群抽样方法,选取12~17岁学生共18 244人（男生9 567人,女生8 677人）,测量其血压（BP）、身高和体质量,计算收缩压身高比（SBPHR）和舒张压身高比（DBPHR）,采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线确定BPHR预测青少年高血压的最佳截断值,并评估该截断值的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值（NPV）和阳性预测值（PPV）。结果：12~17岁朝鲜族和汉族青少年高血压患病率男生分别为12.8%和13.0%,女生分别为5.9%和6.2%;不同性别的2个民族调查对象高血压患病率比较差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.091,P>0.05;χ²=0.295,P>0.05）;总高血压患病率男生为12.9%,女生为6.1%,不同性别高血压患病率比较差异有统计学意义（χ²=242.072,P<0.01）。男生在15岁时高血压患病率达到高峰,高血压患病率随年龄而变化的曲线呈突增突降趋势;随着年龄增长,女生高血压患病率变化较小。在12~17岁时,各年龄段男生高血压患病率均明显高于女生（P<0.05）。男生的年龄与SBPHR呈负相关关系（r=-0.085,P<0.01）,女生的年龄与SBPHR无相关关系（r=-0.018,P>0.05）。男生的年龄与DBPHR呈负相关关系（r=-0.080,P<0.01）,女生的年龄与DBPHR无相关关系（r=-0.017,P>0.05）,但相关系数均小于0.1,判定为无关联。在12~17岁时,采用SBPHR筛查SBP的阈值,男生为0.73mmHg·cm^-1（敏感度为92.2%,特异度为88.9%,PPV为52.6%,NPV为98.8%）,女生为0.75 mmHg·cm^-1（敏感度为95.6%,特异度为89.5%,PPV为33.6%,NPV为99.6%）;采用DBPHR筛查DBP的阈值,男生为0.49 mmHg·cm^-1（敏感度为91.6%,特异度为93.9%,PPV为35.3%,NPV为99.6%）,女生为0.51 mmHg·cm^-1（敏感度为89.8%,特异度为94.3%,PPV为26.7%,NPV为99.8%）。结论：吉林省延吉市12~17岁青少年高血压患病率低于全国平均水平,BPHR可作为筛查吉林省延吉市12~17岁青少年高血压的指标。