成人造血干细胞移植后口腔黏膜炎护理最佳证据总结

目的 查找并筛选成人接受造血干细胞移植后口腔黏膜炎护理的相关证据,并进行最佳证据总结.方法 检索指南、BMJ Best Practice、CINAHL、CNKI、Embase、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、PubMed、The Cochrane Library,WanFang等数据库中成人造血干细胞移植口腔黏膜炎的相关...     

儿童造血干细胞移植后皮肤GVHD评估与预防最佳证据总结

目的 总结儿童造血干细胞移植后皮肤移植物抗宿主病护理最佳证据,为临床护理提供指引。方法 计算机检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、中国抗癌协会护理专业委员会、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据等数据库,检索时限为2000年1月1日至2023年5月31日。结果 共纳入文献17篇（临床决策3篇,指南7篇,系统评价1篇,专家共识4篇,证据总结2篇）,总结出皮肤评估、皮肤防护、皮肤不良反应的处理、用药指导、随访与筛查5个方面24条最佳证据。结论 总结的儿童造血干细胞移植后皮肤移植物抗宿主病护理最佳证据,可作为指引用于临床护理。     

造血干细胞移植后患者肠外营养管理的证据总结

目的 评价并总结造血干细胞移植后患者肠外营养管理的最佳证据,为临床干预提供方案。 方法 计算机检索JBI循证护理数据库、英国卫生医疗质量标准署数据库、美国国立指南库、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库的相关指南、证据总结、专家共识等,按文献质量评价原则和标准提取证据。 结果 共纳入6篇文献,其中证据总结1篇,指南2篇,系统评价1篇、专家共识2篇。纳入最佳证据14条,包括肠外营养评估、预防外渗及导管并发症、预防代谢异常及标签管理4个方面。 结论 总结的最佳证据可用于造血干细胞移植后患者肠外营养管理;临床应用过程中宜根据当时情形针对性地选择证据,以保障适用、安全。     

造血干细胞移植患者饮食与营养教育的证据总结

目的 总结造血干细胞移植患者饮食与营养教育的最佳证据,为临床决策提供参考.方法 针对造血干细胞移植患者饮食与营养教育提出循证问题,按照证据检索"6S"模型进行计算机检索,由2名研究者独立评价文献质量,提取证据,最后由专家对证据进行质量评价及等级划分.结果 纳入14篇文献,包括指南4篇,证据总结1篇,系统评价2篇,专家共...     

膝骨关节炎非手术治疗患者运动干预的最佳证据总结

目的 总结膝骨关节炎非手术治疗患者运动干预的最佳证据,为临床膝骨关节炎非手术治疗患者的运动康复提供参考。方法 确定循证问题,依照“6S”证据模型,计算机检索JBI循证卫生保健中心数据库、BMJ、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所指南网等国内外数据库中关于膝骨关节炎非手术治疗患者运动干预的所有证据,包括指南、系统评价、证据总结、专家共识、临床决策、随机对照试验,检索时限为2018年2月10日至2023年2月10日。由2名研究者独立完成文献质量评价、证据提取和总结。结果 共纳入12篇文献,其中指南6篇,系统评价2篇,专家共识2篇以及随机对照试验2篇。从运动原则、运动评估、运动类型、运动强度、运动频率和时间、运动监测6个方面共汇总27条最佳证据。结论 膝骨关节炎患者运动方案的制定应遵循运动频率、强度、时间和类型原则,医护人员在临床应结合患者自身状况意愿、证据应用情境等因素选择证据,个体化制定患者的运动干预计划。     

肝移植受者康复运动的最佳证据总结

目的检索汇总肝移植受者康复运动最佳证据,为肝移植受者康复运动提供参考。方法按"6S"模型系统检索国内外数据库关于肝移植受者康复运动的证据,包括临床决策、指南、证据总结、推荐实践、系统评价及专家共识。对文献质量进行评价,并对符合质量标准的文献进行证据提取。结果共纳入文献13篇,其中临床决策1篇,指南1篇,证据总结1篇,推荐实践2篇,系统评价5篇以及专家共识3篇。从运动时机、运动评估、运动方案、运动安全性、运动依从性、健康教育和随访7个方面共总结24条最佳证据。结论本研究总结的肝移植受者康复运动最佳证据,可用于肝移植受者康复运动过程中,应用时注意个体化调整与更新。     

肿瘤患者失眠评估与护理干预的最佳证据总结

目的 总结肿瘤患者失眠评估与护理干预的最佳证据,为改善肿瘤患者失眠症状提供实践依据.方法 计算机检索UpTo Date、JBI循证实践数据库、美国国家综合癌症网络、医脉通、PubMed、中国知网等数据库中有关肿瘤患者失眠评估与护理干预的指南、专家共识、临床决策、最佳实践、证据总结、系统评价和Meta分析,检索时限为建库...     

循证护理在造血干细胞移植供者健康教育中的应用

目的将循证护理运用到造血干细胞移植供者健康教育中,通过系统地查询证据更好地指导临床实践。方法通过面对面访谈的方式,了解22例造血干细胞移植供者的健康教育中急需解决的健康问题:供者担心动员的药物有不良反应出现,担心采集过程中有不适症状出现,担心采集后对健康有长远影响。通过文献检索,查询相关证据,结合临床实践给予供者健康指导。结果 22例供者均解除疑虑,顺利完成干细胞移植过程并健康出院。结论实施循证护理,能将健康教育与供者的实际愿望相结合,更好地解决问题,从而达到最佳临床效果。     

重症患者口渴非药物干预的最佳证据总结

目的 总结重症患者口渴非药物干预的最佳证据,为护理人员采取干预性措施减轻患者口渴提供参考。方法 按照“6S”证据金字塔模型,系统检索国内外循证数据库、指南网、协会网站、相关原始数据库中有关重症患者口渴非药物干预的文献,检索时限自2011年8月至2022年8月。完成质量评价后结合专业知识逐条提取相关证据。结果 最终纳入文献13篇,包括3篇专家共识、3篇系统评价、1篇证据总结、6篇随机对照试验,从6个方面共总结21条证据。结论 总结的重症患者口渴非药物干预的最佳证据可为临床护理人员提供参考。需要重视重症患者口渴的需求,结合患者的实际需求选择合适的证据。     

Partial splenectomy before a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children

Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) engraftment is delayed in children with hypersplenism, and splenectomy may improve HSC engraftment. However, the use of total splenectomy in children is limited because of concerns for postsplenectomy sepsis. In this study, the authors sought to assess the role of partial splenectomy for children with hypersplenism undergoing HSC transplantation.

Methods

Five children with a variety of conditions and associated hypersplenism underwent partial splenectomy before an HSC transplantation at the authors' institution between 2000 and 2003. Primary outcome measures were rates of neutrophil and platelet engraftment. Secondary outcome measures included perioperative complications, splenic regrowth, graft-versus-host disease, and infection rate. All outcomes were compared with recipients of an HSC transplant from both age-matched nonsplenectomized children (n = 497) and hypersplenic children who underwent total splenectomy (n = 10). Outcomes were compared using Wilcoxon's rank sum test.

Results

The rate of both neutrophil and platelet engraftment was faster in children who underwent either partial or total splenectomy as compared with nonsplenectomized children (mean rates of neutrophil engraftment were 26, 19, and 19 days for the nonsplenectomy, total splenectomy, and partial splenectomy groups, respectively; mean rates of platelet engraftment were 97, 37, and 45 days for the nonsplenectomy, total splenectomy, and partial splenectomy groups, respectively). Graft-versus-host disease rates were similar between the 3 groups. The mean percentage of splenic regrowth after partial splenectomy was 39%. There were no perioperative complications.

Conclusions

Partial splenectomy may be safely performed before HSC transplantation and, similar to total splenectomy, may improve the rate of HSC engraftment. Although this series has a limited number of patients, the use of partial splenectomy appears to be safe and may allow for splenic salvage to minimize the risk of postsplenectomy sepsis.     

Liver transplantation for severe hepatic graft-versus-host disease in two children after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a frequent complication of bone marrow transplantation (BMT). After the skin, the liver is the second, most frequent target of GVHD, which presenting with hyperbilirubinemia, elevated liver enzymes, and coagulopathy. Progressive destruction of small intrahepatic bile ducts causes vanishing bile duct syndrome and leads to end-stage liver disease. We report 2 successful cases of orthotopic liver transplantation performed in children with severe GVHD after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a matched unrelated donor (HSCT-MUD).     

Lung transplantation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Whitson BA, Shelstad RC, Hertz MI, Kelly RF, D’Cunha J, Shumway SJ. Lung transplantation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01482.x.
© 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Introduction: Pulmonary insufficiency following bone marrow transplant (BMT) is common and has significant associated mortality. Lung transplantation (LTX) is the only viable treatment for patients with end‐stage pulmonary disease, but LTX after BMT is an uncommon event given the medical candidacy of the potential recipients. We sought to evaluate the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of LTX in BMT recipients. Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of our institution’s longitudinal LTX and BMT databases. Demographic and outcomes variables were collected. Results: We identified 639 LTX from January 1, 1988, through December 31, 2009, and 5525 BMT from program inception, March 21, 1974, through December 31, 2009. From the cross‐referenced cohort, we identified four patients who had BMT followed by LTX. Our series was composed of two men and two women, with a mean age of 32.3 yr (range, 20–59 yr). Single LTX were performed in two recipients (50%). All patients had significant and expected morbidities related to their transplant immunosuppression. Three patients (75%) required cardiopulmonary bypass at the time of LTX. The two recipients who underwent bilateral LTX required open chest management and subsequent tracheostomy. All patients are still alive at follow‐up (range, 19–119 months, median 39.5). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that LTX in the setting of BMT is a high‐risk operation with the potential for a tumultuous perioperative course. Despite this, good outcomes and survival are obtainable in carefully selected patients. Selection factors include clinically stable patients without active sepsis and preoperative optimization of nutrition in anticipation of a prolonged recovery. An experienced multidisciplinary team approach and a protocol‐driven management plan are paramount for successful outcomes in this challenging population.     

异基因造血干细胞移植患儿营养状况的纵向调查

目的了解异基因造血干细胞移植患儿营养状况的变化。方法分别于移植前、移植后30d、60d、100d对89例异基因造血干细胞移植患儿进行身高、体质量、体质指数(BMI)、三头肌皮褶厚度(TSF)、中上臂围(MUAC)、腰围(WC)等人体学测量,同时测量脂肪组织(FM)、体脂百分比(%BF)、去脂组织(FFM)及去脂组织百分比(%FFM)等人体成分,并进行生化指标白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PreALB)测量,比较异基因造血干细胞移植患儿营养状况的改变。结果人体学测量结果显示,在移植后100d内患儿体质量、BMI、TSF均呈现先降后升趋势,在移植后30d降至最低点,然后逐渐上升(P0.05,P0.01),WC在移植后100d内持续升高(P0.01);人体成分测量结果显示,%BF、FM在移植后60d内明显升高(均P0.05),%FFM在移植后60d内显著降低(P0.01);生化测量结果显示,ALB呈先升后降再上升的趋势,PreALB在移植后60d内显著上升(P0.01)。结论在异基因造血干细胞移植后30d内,多数人体学及人体成分测量指标下降;而在移植后60d则存在FFM丢失和FM不断蓄积的现象。不建议将ALB和PreALB作为评价造血干细胞移植患儿营养状况的可靠指标。     

Solid organ transplantation following end-organ failure in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an accepted treatment modality for various malignant and non-malignant disorders of the lympho-hematopoietic system. Patient survival rate has increased significantly with the use of this procedure. However, with the increase in disease-free patient survival rates, complications including various organ toxicities are also common. Kidney, liver, lung, heart, and skin are among those solid organs that are commonly affected and frequently lead to organ dysfunction and eventually end-organ disease. Conservative measures may or may not be successful in managing the organ failure in these patients. Solid organ transplantation has been shown to be promising in those patients who fail conservative management. This review will summarize the causes of solid organ (kidney, liver, and lung) dysfunction and the available data on transplantation of these solid organs in post-HSCT recipients.