血清荧光法恶性肿瘤的诊断研究

目的 :通过血清中与癌相关的分子标志物的荧光光谱分析 ,探讨在分子、电子水平上的恶性肿瘤的诊断方法。方法 :取癌症患者肘静脉血 ,采用光致发光的方法研究血清中的发光中心 ,观察肌体发生恶性肿瘤以后对原卟啉、类胡萝卜素含量的影响。通过原卟啉对类胡萝卜素的相对含量的测量及归纳出的经验函数进行恶性肿瘤的临床诊断。结果 :在早期阶段 ,随癌患者的卟啉水平逐渐升高 ;在进展期阶段癌患者的卟啉水平逐渐下降 ,而类胡萝卜素代谢逐渐升高。采用Ⅰ =Ⅰａ/Ⅰｂ- 1的经验公式诊断恶性肿瘤 ,符合率达 90 %。结论 :癌症患者卟啉代谢异常 ,原卟…     

应用5-ALA后银屑病皮损内PpⅨ荧光不均一性的免疫组化研究

研究发现银屑病皮损能够高度聚集原卟啉Ⅸ（PpⅨ，一种由5-ALA产生的内源性光源物质），但进行荧光诊断时却发现皮损内PpⅨ的分布存在差异，造成这种差异的原因目前尚不清楚。     

激光—荧光诊断妇科肿瘤的研究

为了观察Ｎ２激光激发人体活组织的荧光诊断早期恶性肿瘤的效果，自１９８５年２月至１９９４年３月，用目测法检测１４６９４例下生殖道疾病的患者，荧光阳性１６８例，活检阳性１６７例，病理切片证实为癌的１６６例。荧光与病理的符合率为９９．４％。６８例试用光谱法检测，与目测法的结果基本相符。此法不仅可用于癌的早期诊断，也可用于及时发现癌前病变，是一种无损伤性、快速定位活检的新方法。通过模拟实验，初步认为肿瘤固有荧光的发光与卟啉和某种蛋白结合有关。     

CA125在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊治中的临床意义

目的：探讨CA125在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊治中的临床价值。方法：采用磁分离酶免疫法测定41例卵巢恶性肿瘤及174例其他妇科疾病患者血清CA125水平，并将这些妇科疾病患者的CA125水平与卵巢恶性肿瘤进行对比。结果：卵巢恶性肿瘤及结核性腹膜炎患者血清CA125均明显升高，两者相比，差异无显著性（P＞0．05）；子宫颈癌及子宫内膜异位症患者血清CA125轻度升高，但与卵巢恶性肿瘤相比，差异有极显著性（P＜0．01）；子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜癌、卵巢良性肿瘤及单纯卵巢囊肿、盆腔炎性包块患者血清CA125一般在正常范围（＜25U／ml)。结论：CA125在卵巢恶性肿瘤诊断中具有较高的特异性和准确性，可用于卵巢癌的筛查、诊断、监测及判断预后，尤以筛查及监测最重要。     

肾透明细胞癌预后相关分子生物标志物研究进展

肾癌是目前泌尿系统常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率占全身恶性肿瘤的3%,而肾透明细胞癌占肾癌的70%～80%。针对晚期或转移性肾癌的抗肿瘤血管生成的分子靶向治疗已取得令人满意的疗效,但肾癌生物学行为极为复杂多变,目前仍缺乏对肾癌患者预后以及靶向药物治疗效果进行评价的有效分子标志物。本文综述了与肾透明细胞癌预后密切相关的肿瘤分子标志物的研究进展。     

氩离子激光激发自体荧光诊断人体表恶性肿瘤的研究

本文以氩离子激光为激发光源，以光学多道分析仪（ＯＭＡⅢ）为光谱分析手段研究恶性肿瘤的激光荧光谱特征。研究中，不给患者任何药物，直接检测病变组织的内源性卟啉荧光，并以这种荧光谱作为特征谱，诊断良恶性疾病。经对２０３例口腔颌面部、皮肤的良恶性病变和６００例正常组织荧光谱检测分析，结果显示：恶性肿瘤中有特征荧光表达的占８６％（６０／７０），中、重度不典型增生性病变中有特征荧光表达的占９７％（２９／３０），而１４种良性病变（１０３例）和６００例正常精膜、正常皮肤均未见特征荧光。随访中、重度不典型增生性病变患者，发现２例癌变均为特征荧光阳性者。病例检测中，可以清楚地定位２ｍｍ直径的微小癌灶。结果表明本检测方法对提高恶性肿瘤早期诊断率是很有意义的。     

PET联合血清肿瘤标志物对肺鳞癌与小细胞癌的鉴别价值

目的研究PET/CT与血清肿瘤标志物联合对肺鳞癌和小细胞癌的鉴别价值。方法回顾性分析34例肺鳞癌患者和48例小细胞癌患者的临床、血清肿瘤标志物及18F-FDG PET/CT的资料。测量肺癌原发病灶的最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)并记录CEA、Cyfra21-1及NSE的血清水平。采用独立样本t检验比较鳞癌和小细胞癌间SUVmax和血清肿瘤标志物水平的差异。二元Logistic回归分析用于联合SUVmax和血清肿瘤标志物。ROC曲线进一步评估SUVmax,每种血清肿瘤标志物,CEA+Cyfra21-1+NSE和SUVmax+血清肿瘤标志物的鉴别诊断效能。结果鳞癌的SUVmax显著高于小细胞癌(P=0.028);小细胞癌患者中NSE显著高于鳞癌患者(P=0.001),鳞癌患者中Cyfra21-1显著高于小细胞癌患者(P=0.012),而CEA在鳞癌和小细胞癌患者间无显著性差异(P=0.746)。单独使用SUVmax、CEA、Cyfra21-1和NSE鉴别鳞癌和小细胞癌的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.672、0.554、0.712和0.777。当三种肿瘤标志物联合时,CEA+Cyfra21-1+NSE的AUC增加至0.929,而当SUVmax进一步加入时,SUVmax+血清肿瘤标志物的AUC进一步提升,增加至0.937。结论PET/CT紧密结合肺癌相关血清肿瘤标志物可以实现对肺鳞癌和小细胞癌更好地鉴别。     

超声联合肿瘤标志物检测对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断意义

目的 :探讨超声联合肿瘤标志物检测对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断意义。方法 :选择我院收治的卵巢肿瘤患者58例,均行超声检查和血清肿瘤标志物检测,并统计单纯超声、肿瘤标志物检测及两者联合检测与病理诊断符合率,对比分析良恶性肿瘤肿瘤标志物检测结果。结果:病理确诊良性肿瘤15例,恶性肿瘤43例;超声对良恶性肿瘤诊断准确率分别为86.67%(13/15)、97.67%(42/43);肿瘤标志物对良恶性肿瘤诊断准确率分别为93.33%(14/15)、100%(43/43);超声联合肿瘤标志物检测对良恶性肿瘤病理诊断符合率均为100%。良性肿瘤患者血清肿瘤标志物CA125、CA19-9水平均显著低于恶性肿瘤患者,卵巢良性肿瘤患者PI、RI水平较恶性患者高(均P0.05)。结论:超声联合肿瘤标志物检测用于卵巢良恶性肿瘤诊断,可显著提高诊断符合率,值得临床推广应用。     

PET显像在原发性肝癌中的应用

肝癌是亚洲国家特别是中国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一 ,其最常见的组织类型是肝细胞癌 (hepatocellularcarcinoma ,HCC) ,发病占所有原发性肝癌的 91.5 % ,其次为胆管细胞癌 (cholangio carcinoma ,CCC) ,还有小部分二种细胞混合型肝癌。目前B超、CT、MRI以及血清标志物AFP的检测做为早期诊断率仍不理想。18F$CFDG作为显像剂的PET显像作为一种全新的功能分子成像方法在先进发达国家已应用到肝癌的诊断和术后监测中 ,但国内应用尚不广泛 ,特此作一简单综述。18F FDG在肝细胞中的代谢过程恶性肿瘤细胞与正常细胞相比生长活跃、细胞异常…     

宫颈细胞学和固有荧光技术对宫颈癌筛查的比较

宫颈细胞学和固有荧光技术对宫颈癌筛查的比较１００８５３北京解放军总医院贾宁李亚里张云霞关键词子宫肿瘤；光谱法，荧光；细胞学技术中国图书资料分类号Ｒ７３７．３３子宫颈癌占女性生殖器官恶性肿瘤的半数以上〔１〕。癌前病变早期诊断是降低宫颈浸润癌发病率的有效...     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.