二维斑点追踪成像与MRI识别陈旧性心肌梗死左室心尖各节段透壁程度对照研究

目的 探讨二维斑点追踪成像( 2D-STI)识别陈旧性心肌梗死左室心尖各段透壁程度的可行性.资料与方法 对连续43例陈旧性心肌梗死患者行2D-STI及磁共振延迟强化成像(DE-MRI)随机同步盲法临床试验,各段分为透壁心肌梗死(TMI)组及非透壁(NTMI)组.结果 与NTMI组相比,TMI组前壁舒张末厚度、收缩末径向应变[SR(ES)]、收缩末圆周应变[SC(ES)]、正向收缩期径向峰值应变(SR Peak P),收缩末纵向应变[SL (ES)]、收缩期圆周峰值应变(SC Peak)、最大负向纵向峰值应变(SL Peak G)、收缩期纵向峰值应变( SL Peak)及最大负向圆周峰值应变(SC Peak G)(均P＜0.05);侧壁SC(ES)、SC PeakG、SC Peak及SL (ES)(均P＜0.05);前间隔SL Peak、SL PeakG、SC Peak、SL (ES)、SC (ES)及SR (ES)(均P＜ 0.05);后壁SR PeakP、SR (ES)及SL (ES)(均P＜ 0.05);下壁SC PeakG、SC Peak及SC (ES)(均P＜0.01);后间隔舒张末厚度(P＜0.01)绝对值均降低,甚至反向.ROC曲线分析舒张末厚度为判断前壁及后间隔透壁心梗最佳指标;SC (ES)为侧壁、SL Peak为前间隔、SR PeakP为后壁最佳指标;SC PeakG及SC Peak为下壁最佳指标.结论 左室心尖段节段水平,多种应变指标可检出不同节段的透壁心肌梗死,但识别能力有异质性.     

MRI心功能参数对陈旧性心肌梗死左心室重塑的评估价值

目的：观察陈旧性心肌梗死后心室形态和心功能参数的变化,探讨MRI测量心功能参数对心室重塑的评估价值。方法：纳入33例陈旧性心肌梗死患者为病变组,12例健康志愿者为对照组。病变组及对照组成员均行MRI检查。MRI测量参数包括：舒张末期客积（EDV）、收缩末期容积（ESV）、每搏输出量（SV）、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、射血率峰值（PER）、充盈率峰值（PFR）。同时测量梗死心肌面积所占的百分比,以24％为分界值,分为无重塑组（≤24％）和重塑组（〉24％）,分析各组间的心功能参数的差异,进行受试者操作特征（ROC）曲线分析,筛选能独立评估心室重塑的心功能指标。结果：病变组的EDV、ESV、SV均高于对照组,病变组的LVEF、PER和PFR低于对照组。ESV随EDV的增加而增加（P〈0．001）,PER、PFR及LVEF均随EDV的增加而下降（P〈0．05）,而SV与各参数均无相关性。PFR、EDV和ESV的ROC分析曲线下面积分别为0．725、0．741、0．764,分界值分别为2．27EDV／sec、140．23ml和79．12ml（P值分别为0．036、0．021和0．032）。结论：MRI可以从收缩和舒张功能的不同角度全面地评估心功能变化。MRI心功能指标对评估心室重塑有重要作用。PFR、EDV、ESV可以作为独立因子评估心室重塑,其中以PFR的评估效能更高。     

肺心病患者左右心功能的MRI研究

目的探讨MRI评价肺心病患者左、右心功能的应用价值。资料与方法前瞻性研究18例经肺功能实验、临床检查、X线、心电图、超声心动图等影像学检查证实为合并慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)的肺心病患者,另选取18名健康志愿者作为对照组。采用1.5 T MRI仪测量两组左、右室心功能及右室心肌质量。采用独立样本t检验测量两组间差异是否有统计学意义。结果 2例肺心病患者MRI检查时由于屏气时间长、不能配合而排除。与对照组比较,16例肺心病患者右室(right ventricle,RV)舒张末期容积(end-diastolic volume,EDV)、右室收缩末期容积(end-systolic volume,ESV)及右室心肌质量(myocardial mass,MM)明显增加(P<0.05),而右室射血分数(ejec-tion fraction,EF)明显减低(P<0.01)。左室EDV及EF显著减低(P<0.01)。结论肺心病患者随着肺动脉压升高,超过右心室的代偿能力,促使右心室扩大和右心功能衰竭,同时左心功能损伤。MRI左右心功能的测量可以评价肺心病的严重程度,为临床提供治疗的客观依据。     

MRI评价高血压患者左心室构型和功能的临床应用价值

随着人们生活水平的提高、生活节奏的加快、工作压力的加大,我国已成为世界上高血压危害最严重的国家之一。高血压对心脏的损害是首当其冲的,左心室结构及其功能的变化是反映高血压患者心脏病变程度及疗效评价的重要指标,本文综合阐述MRI在高血压患者左心室重构和功能测定中的应用价值。     

MSCT、超声心动图与MRI评价左心功能的比较研究

目的以磁共振成像(MRI)为对照标准,应用64层螺旋CT(MSCT),定量评价左心功能,探讨MSCT和MRI心功能评价指标的相关性及MSCT在冠心病左心功能评价中的应用价值;比较同组病例的超声心动图和心脏MRI的左心功能指标,探讨两种方法心功能指标的相关性。资料与方法临床拟诊冠心病的患者32例(均自愿参加),均行心脏MSCT、MRI和超声心动图检查。结果MSCT和MRI两种方法的心功能指标差异无统计学意义,舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)、左室射血分数(EF)、心肌质量(MM)相关性高(r值=0.78~0.92);超声心动图和MRI两种方法的心功能指标差异亦无统计学意义,EDV和SV相关性高(r值分别为0.63和0.69);ESV和EF值相关性中等或低(r值分别为0.41和0.34)。EDV、ESV均值:MSCT>MRI>超声心动图;SV均值:MSCT>MRI和超声心动图;EF均值:超声心动图>MRI>MSCT。结论MSCT在左心功能定量评价方面准确、可靠,一次MSCT冠状动脉造影检查可以同时评估冠状动脉狭窄情况和左心室功能。超声心动图也具有重要的临床应用价值,但是MSCT用于定量评价左心功能较超声心动图更准确。     

采用心脏MRI时间容量曲线评价肥厚型心肌病左心室舒张功能的可行性研究

目的 探讨心脏MRI(CMRI)时间容量曲线评价左心室舒张功能的可行性,分析肥厚型心肌病(HCM)左心室时间容量曲线改变的趋势及特点.方法 分别获取17例HCM患者及12名健康志愿者的MR左心室二腔长轴及短轴面电影图像,在工作站进行图像后处理,利用左心室自动分割技术重组左心室时间容量曲线,并通过该曲线计算出左心室舒张平台期时间、不同比例舒张容量恢复(DVR)时间及其相应的充盈速率等.采用多重线性回归分析对组间DVR时间及速率进行检验分析.结果 室间隔HCM患者组左心室50％、70％ DVR时间较对照组延迟[分别为(8.9±1.3)和(7.7±0.8)期相,F=6.787,P=0.016;(11.3±1.6)和(9.7±1.8)期相,F=4.927,P=0.036],左心室舒张平台期时间较对照组明显缩短[(1.8±1.7)和(4.1±1.4)期相,t=6.787,P＜0.01];室间隔型HCM患者组30％、50％ DVR充盈速率较对照组减低[分别为(0.22 ±0.11)和(0.40±0.15) ml/ms,F=12.916,P＜0.01;(0.20±0.09)和(0.30±0.10) ml/ms,F=7.121,P=0.014],70％、80％、90％ DVR充盈速率与对照组间差异无统计学意义.HCM伴发纤维化组左心室50％、70％、80％ DVR时间较对照组延迟[分别为(9.6±1.0)和(7.9±1.5)期相,F=5.000,P=0.045;(12.3±1.4)和(9.61±1.8)期相,F=8.039,P=0.015;(13.1±1.4)和(10.9±1.9)期相,F=5.060,P=0.044],2组间DVR速率差异无统计学意义.结论 左心室时间容量曲线可用于详细评估左心室舒张功能改变;HCM患者左心室舒张功能不全主要发生在舒张早期,且伴发平台期时间的缩短;心肌纤维化可加重HCM左心室早期舒张功能不全.     

兔急性心肌梗死后左心室重塑的MRI研究

目的 观察兔急性心肌梗死( AMI)后心功能随时间演变的规律,探讨MRI影像特征及心功能指标的变化与左心室重塑的关系.方法 日本长耳白兔45只,采用开胸结扎法建立心肌梗死模型.分别于术后即刻(0周)和术后1、2、4、6、8周共6个时间点行在体MR检查,测定各项心功能指标,包括:左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)、每搏输出量(Sv)、射血分数(EF)、射血率峰值(PER)、充盈率峰值(PFR).比较心肌梗死后心功能参数随时间变化的规律.在每个时间点随机取5只动物的心脏离体标本,行MR扩散张量成像(DTI),测量ADC值、各向异性分数(FA)值.不同时间点的心功能参数组间比较采用重复测量方差分析,各时间点梗死区心肌及不同区域心肌的FA值与ADC值的比较采用单因素方差分析,相邻2组均数的比较采用LSD-t检验.结果 随着梗死时间的延长,左心室EDV呈现增加趋势,由术前的(2.21±0.35) ml增加到术后8周时的(3.15±0.57)ml,但差异无统计学意义(F=1.384,P =0.220).EF则由(57.31±11.11)％下降至(34.71±8.72)％,呈明显下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(F =27.134,P=0.001).EF随着EDV增加呈现下降趋势,线性回归分析得出一次方程:y=- 5.58x± 57.7 (F=8.855,P=0.005).随梗死时间的延长,PER由(27.31±13.06) ml/s下降至(17.31±6.41) ml/s (F=2.105,P=0.037),而PFR则由(23.79±14.15) ml/s下降至(12.07±6.91) ml/s (F =2.366,P=0.011).梗死区FA值随着梗死时间的延长而下降,由0.442±0.093下降至0.107±0.037(F=12.61,P=0.001),而ADC值则由(5.07±1.15)×10-4 mm2/s上升至(6.39±0.78)×10-4 mm2/s(F=4.166,P=0.022),差异均有统计学意义.梗死区、边缘区和外围区的FA值分别为0.201±0.049、0.316±0.127、0.323 ±0.117,ADC值分别为(6.19±1.78)×10-4、(5.44±2.63)×10-4、(5.29±2.02)×10-4 mm2/s,差异均有统计学意义(F=3.896,P =0.004;F =3.248,P=0.018).FA、ADC值在梗死区与边缘区比较差异均有统计学意义(t=7.327,P=0.001:t =3.292,P=0.005),而边缘区和外围区的FA值、ADC值的差异无统计学意义(t=1.024,P=0.129;t=1.467,P=0.164).结论 MR心功能测定可以动态监测AMI后心室功能性重塑过程,通过DTI可以反映心室结构性重塑过程的心肌微观察结构的改变.MRI可以作为心肌梗死后左心室重塑的一种可行性的评价方法.     

64-MDCT左心功能检查左心室收缩和舒张末期期相分析

目的:探讨64-MDCT左心功能检测时左心室舒张末期和收缩末期所对应的期相。方法:随机搜集2010年4月-2011年5月在本科室行64-MDCT冠状动脉造影检查成功的冠心病患者50例,将原始图像重建间隔为5%R-R间期,0%～95%共20个期相的全心动周期薄层图像,输入后处理工作站,采用自动心功能分析软件,计算出各个期相的左心室容积。结果:50例受检者中48例左心室舒张末期为0%期相,2例为95%期相,0%与95%期相左心室容积差异无统计学意义;左心室收缩末期14例为35%期相,29例为40%期相,7例为45%期相,35%与40%期相、35%与45%期相左心室容积差异无统计学意义。结论:64-MDCT心功能检测时,左心室舒张末期多为0%期相,收缩末期为35%～45%期相。     

急性心肌梗死后左室重构的观察

急性心肌梗死后左室重构的观察１００８５３北京解放军总医院范利ＪｉａＪｉａＷｕ①ＭｉｃｈｅｌｅＮａｎｎａ①ＬｉｎｄａＫｒｕｎｋｅｌ①ＨｉｌｔｒｕｄＭｕｅｌｅｒ①关键词心肌梗塞；心室功能，左；肥大，左心室；左室重构中国图书资料分类号Ｒ５４２．２前壁心肌梗...     

中国人心脏房室腔内径及左右心室功能正常参数的MRI研究

目的 使用MRI测量中国正常成人心脏各房室腔内径及心功能参数.方法 共269名正常志愿者,无线矢量心电门控下,采用单次激发半傅立叶快速自旋回波与真实稳态自由进动序列,分别获得标准心脏各长轴及短轴切面二维体层及电影图像.由2名医师独立分析MRI,分别测量心脏各房室腔径线及心功能后处理分析,获得包括射血分数(EF)、舒张末容积(EDV)、收缩末容积( ESV)及心肌质量(CM)等心功能参数.男性与女性相对应参数做非配对的t检验.结果 所有志愿者均完成MR扫描,平均扫描时间(15 ±3) min.心脏各房室腔主要参数为:左心房前后径(2.87±0.77) cm,右心房径(垂直于房间隔,3.61 ±0.57)cm,左心室舒张末横径(4.97±0.52) cm,右心室舒张末横径(2.65±0.48) cm,心功能主要参数为:左心室EF (60.62±7.08)％、EDV( 128.27±32.16) ml、ESV(46.02±15.72) ml、CM( 82.97±24.03)g;右心室EF (47.73±6.50)％、EDV(115.37±26.71) ml、ESV(67.7±21.07) ml、CM(48.24±13.42)g.除左心室ESV(P =0.144)、EDV指数(P=0.714)、ESV指数(P =0.113)、心脏指数(P=0.199)及右心室EF值(P=0.296)和ESV指数(P =0.093)男女差异无统计学意义外,其余各指标性别间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 MRI以其高度的可重复性可获得正常中国人心脏形态与功能信息.     

左室功能的改变与陈旧性心肌梗死部位的关系

 目的应用彩色多普勒超声观察陈旧性心肌梗死(Old myocardial infarction,OMI)患者的定位与左室功能.方法观察对象为42例心肌梗死患者和40位正常人.根据心肌梗死部位,分为前壁梗死组(OMI-AN)20例,下壁心肌梗死(OMI-IN)22例.用多普勒超声心动图研究左室收缩和舒张功能.结果OMI-AN组梗死部位瘢痕组织范围大于OMI-IN组,分别是OMI-AN(4.2±2.1)cm,OMI-IN(2.3±2.1)cm,(P＜0.01),OMI-AN,OMI-IN和对照组左室舒张末内径分别为:(57.6±6.2)mm,(52.5±5.1) mm和(47.2±3.7)mm(P＜0.01);左室射血分数(EF)分别是48.6±7,58.0±7和65.8±9,(P＜0.05);E/A比值分别为0.99±0.14,0.72±0.25和1.3±0.23(P＜0.05);Tei指数分别是0.72±0.14,0.49±0.18和0.38±0.12,(P＜0.01);舒张早期充盈时间(DT)OMI-AN组短于OMI-AN组.结论心肌梗死部位与左室收缩舒张功能有关,OMI-AN组梗死范围较大,左室功能亦低于OMI-IN患者.     

老年人胸腔积液与心脏功能关系的临床观察

目的：探讨老年人胸腔积液与心脏功能之间的关系。方法：选择符合条件的老年胸腔积液患者４５例,观察其心电图。心脏Ｂ超,胸片及胸部ＣＴ等的变化。结果：４５例中３２例（７１．１％）有各种心脏病变的体征和／或阳性检查结果。结论：有中等和少量胸腔积液的老年患者,其胸腔积液与心脏功能的衰退有一定关系。     

Serial MRI evaluation of cardiac structure and function in mice after reperfused myocardial infarction.

This study evaluated the utility of cardiac MRI for assessing the impact of myocardial infarction (MI) on cardiac structure and function in mice following reperfused 1- or 2-hr occlusions of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). When assessed 1 day after MI, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) had declined by more than half, and remained depressed for the duration of the study. Furthermore, MI initiated dramatic increases in both LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) and end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), with a greater than threefold increase in LVESV and a twofold increase in LVEDV by 4 weeks post-MI. Transmural LV wall thickening (WTh) analysis revealed that noninfarcted myocardium in the remote septal region exhibited an early deficit in contractile function after MI that transiently resolved by day 7, only to be followed by a late phase of dysfunction that became fully manifest by day 28 post-MI. In conclusion, MRI allows the serial assessment of cardiac structure and function after MI in mice, with a resolution adequate to document both regional and temporal changes. The application of these imaging techniques in transgenic and knock-out mice will greatly expedite research aimed at defining the functional roles of individual genes in the pathophysiology of LV remodeling (LVR) after reperfused MI.     

Cardiac MRI left ventricular global function index and quantitative late gadolinium enhancement in unrecognized myocardial infarction

PurposeTo compare left ventricular global function index (LVGFI) and quantitative late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in patients with unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI), recognized myocardial infarction (RMI) and without myocardial infarction (MI).Material and methodsUnder waiver of the Institutional Review Board 235 patients (age 63.5 ± 10.5 years, 57 female) were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had undergone cardiac MRI at 1.5T for symptoms of CAD. 67 patients (29%) had suffered a known RMI before. Functional imaging and full-intensity late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging were evaluated for LVGFI and quantitative LGE mass.ResultsOf 168 patients without history of RMI, 48 patients (29%) had UMI, 120 patients had no MI. LVGFI was lower in RMI patients (34 ± 8% [range 16;52]), and UMI patients (35 ± 8% [range 10;51]), compared to patients with no MI (38 ± 7% [range 16;55]) respectively and similar between RMI and UMI patients. RMI patients had full-intensity LGE in 11 ± 6% of left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMM). UMI patients had LGE in 9 ± 5% of LVMM. RMI patients had significantly more LGE than UMI patients (p = 0.0096).ConclusionLGE quantification is effective to assess infarction scar size in RMI and UMI patients. LVGFI provides information on cardiac function and morphology but does not allow for a reliable differentiation between patients with and without history of MI, due small differences and wide overlap of LVGFI values for all three patient groups. This may be a reason why LVGFI is not applied in clinical routine.     

The agreement of left ventricular function parameters between 99mTc-tetrofosmin gated myocardial SPECT and gated myocardial MRI

Objective

The aim is to compare and evaluate the agreement of quantification of left ventricular functional parameters obtained by two different methods, ^99mTc-tetrofosmin gated myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).

Methods

Ten healthy male volunteers participated. Gated MPS data were acquired using 32 frames, which were also combined into 16- and 8-frame data set for the investigation. Gated CMR data were acquired using 8, 16 and 32-frame for the different sets. All examinations were conducted in resting and at exercise conditions. Quantitative measurements of end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), peak ejection rate (PER), peak filling rate (PFR) and time to peak filling (TTPF) were done for each study, respectively. Finally, we evaluated the concordance of parameters between gated MPS and gated CMR by % difference and Bland?CAltman plot analysis.

Results

LVEF showed favorable concordance in both rest and exercise conditions (% differences were around 10%). PER, PFR and TTPF also showed good concordances in rest conditions, under 32-frame gated collections particularly (% differences were around 10%). In exercise conditions, although the concordances were relatively good, certain variances were noted (% differences were around 20?C25%). Regarding left ventricular volumes, the concordance were worse in both conditions (% differences were around 30?C40%).

Conclusions

In quantifying of left ventricular function parameter, gated CMR provides similar quantitative values comparing with gated MPS except for ventricular volumes in rest conditions. In contrast, there were certain variations except for LVEF in exercised examinations. When we follow patients by the same cardiac parameters with CMR and MPS, using parameters across the two modalities proved to be possible under rest condition. However, it is limited at exercise condition.     

MDCT in the study of left ventricular function compared with MRI in patients with myocardial ischemia

Introduction

Data assimilated for coronary arteries angiography by MDCT with retrospective (ECG) gating could be used for LV function without the need to repeat examination.