The protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Objective To study the protecting effects and mechanism of betaine hydrochloride on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.Methods Fourty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups(8 animals in each group):sham-operated control group(A),hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(B),200 mg·kg-1 400 mg·kg-1 800 mg·kg-1 betaine hydrochloride+hepatic ischemia-reperfusion group(C、D、E).betaine hydrochloride was administered to animals byoral route in group C、D、E for 7 days before ischemia.A、B group was administered with NS.Made the animal model of part hepatic ischemia-reperfusion.Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels in the blood and themalondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),protein content in hepatic tissue were determined after the liver had been reperfused for 24 hours;the hepatic tissue was examined under lightmicroscope and the cell apoptosis was demonstrated with flow cytometry.Results ALT,AST,MDA increased and SOD decreased significantly in B group when compared those in the A group(P<0.05),Hepatic apoptosis was significantly increased;ALT,AST,MDA decreased and SOD increased significantly in betaine hydrochloride 200 mg·kg-1(C)group when compared those in the B group(P<0.05).Hepatic apoptosis was significantly lower,The histologic changes of the liver tissue under lightmicroscope in the C group was more easer than in the I/R group(B).Conclusions Betaine hydrochloride has the ability to scavenge oxygen free radical(OFR),reduce lipid peroxidation and inhibition of apoptosis.So it can protect the rats liver damaged by ischemia-reperfusion.     

Propofol attenuation of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury involves heme oxygenase-1

Aim： To examine the protective effect of propofol in renal ischemia/reperfusion （I/R） injury and the role of heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） in this process. Methods： Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups： （i） sham-operated group; （ii） I/R group; and （iii） propofol group. Bilateral renal warm ischemia for 45 min was performed. After 2, 6, and 24 h reperfusion, blood samples and kidneys were collected for assessment of renal injury, and HO-1 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemical analysis, RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results： Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels in the propofol group were significantly lower than that in the I/R group at 24 h after reperfusion. The mean histological score by Paller＇s standard showed that propofol significantly attenuated renal I/R injury after 6 h reperfusion. Propofol increased HO-1 mRNA and protein levels 2 h after reperfusion, whereas HO-1 expressions were present at exceedingly low levels in the I/R group and the sham-operated group at same time point. Propofol also markedly increased HO-1 mRNA and protein levels than I/R at 6 and 24 h after reperfusion. Conclusion： These results suggest that propofol mitigates renal I/R injury in rats. This protection may be partly through the induction of the HO- 1 expression.     

Inhibitory effect of combination of tanshinone I,metformin and aspirin on malignant melanoma model mice北大核心CSCD

OBJECTIVE: To explore the antitumor effects of combined tanshinone I (Tan I), metformin (Met) and aspirin (Asp) on malignant melanoma in mice and the possible mechanisms. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were injected with 0.1 mL B16F10 cells (2.8×109 L-1) to establish the subcutaneous transplantation tumor model at the right forelimbs axillary. Then, the mice were divided into 8 groups according to body mass, including model group, Tan I group (20 mg.kg-1 ip), Asp group (210 mg.kg-1, orally in drinking water), Met group (70 mg.kg-1, orally in drinking water), Asp+Met group, Tan I +Asp group, Tan I +Met group and Tan I +Asp+Met group, 10 mice in each group. Each mouse drank about 7 mL of water every day for a total of 18 d. The mouse body mass was measured every other day and the tumor diameter was calculated every day. The mice were sacrificed after treatment, the tumor mass was measured and the tumor inhibitory rates were counted. The histopathological changes of the liver and spleen were observed with HE staining. The percentage of lymphocytes in the tumor tissue such as CD8T, CD4+T and Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry. Inflammatory factors such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The body mass (including tumor mass) of mice in different groups increased during the experiment, but that of Tan I + Asp+Met group increased more slower than in model group (P<0.01). At the end of the experiment, no lesions were seen in any liver or spleen tissue by pathological observation, and the number of survivors was 8/10 (model group), 8/10 (Tan I group), 7/10 (Asp group), 7/10 (Met group), 8/10 (Tan I +Asp group), 8/10 (Tan I +Met group), 7/10 (Asp + Met group) and 5/10 (Tan I +Asp+ Met group), respectively. Compared with model group, there were no obvious changes in tumor volume or tumor mass in Tan I, Asp and Met groups and other two-two joint groups, but the tumor volume and tumor mass in Tan I + Asp+ Met group were significantly decreased (P<.01, P<0.05), and the tumor inhibitory rate in this group was 46.2%. Compared with the model group, the percentage of CD8+T cells increased (P<0.05) in Tan I + Asp+ Met group, but there were no significant changes in other groups. The contents of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in tumor tissue of Tan I +Met group were much higher than in model group (P<0.01, P<.05, P<0.05) and the content of IL-6 increased in Tan I +Asp+Met group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Combination of Tan I, Asp and Met can effectively inhibit the growth of melanoma in mice, which may be related to the increasing percentage of CD8+T lymphocytes and IL-6 in tumor tissue. However there are possibly some side effects. © 2017 Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology. All rights reserved.     

Anti-free radical and cytoprotective effects of quercetin and its sugar-containing natural congeners in cultured HEK293 cells injured by anoxia/hypoglycemia and the structure-effect relationship thereto

Objective To comparatively study anti-free radical and cytoprotective effects of quercetin(Q)and its monoglucoside isoquercetin(I),diglucoside rutin(R),which differs only in glycosyl-substitution at C-3 position of the molecules,using anoxia/hypoglycemia-induced cell injury model and thereby to explore the structure-effect relationship thereto.Methods The cell injury model was established by HEK293 cells cultured in vitro with Na2S2O3 plus sugar-free Earle's fluid as incubation medium.Cell survival rate(CSR),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),SOD and LDH levels were determined.The effect intensity of the 3 flavonoids was compared by means of IC50,the concentration required to achieve 50% inhibition of the changes in the above indices in injured cells.Results Q,I and R all concentration-dependently elevated CSR,TAC and SOD and reduced LDH level.The all of IC50s for the above indices were ranked in order of IC50,QI >R.Conclusions The 3 structurally similar flavoloids all have significant and concentration-dependent anti-free radical and cyto-protective effects with the intensity being in order of aglycone>monoglucoside>diglucoside;the substitution of-OH by sugar group at C-3 position of flavoloids and increase in the sugar-substituent number are associated with the effect intensity reduced;namely,the intensity of these effects of flavonoids is negatively related the substutution by sugar group at C-3 position.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

上消化道出血急诊胃镜检查的经济学分析

Objective To value of economic with emergency endoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods I00 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were ran-domly divided into emergency endoscopy group (group A) 48 cases and non emergency endoscopy group (group B) 52 cases. Then the correct diagnosis rates, rebleeding rates, complication rates, mean hospitalization days, the en-doscopy costs, the blood transfusion costs, the drugs costs and the total hospitalization costs of two groups were evalu-ated and the cost effect ratio (C/E) was calculated. Results Thecorrect diagnosis rates in A group (100. 0%) were higher than the B group(90. 2%)(x2 =4.01,P <0. 05) ;The endoscopy costs of group A (714. 78±263.54) yuan were higher than the group B (383.57 ±251.72) yuan(t = 2. 778, P < 0. 01) ; Rebleeding A group (6. 7%) were sig-nificantly lower than B group(26. 8%) (x2 = 4. 13 ,P < 0. 05) ; The total hospitalization costs in group A (2785.76 ± 353.26) yuan were lower than group B (3527. 76 ± 555.62) yuan (t = 2. 898, P < 0. 01) ; The C/E of group A (2785.76) yuan per patient were lower than the group B(3527.76) yuan per patient (t = 2. 239 ,P < 0. 01). Con-dusion Emergency endoscopy is economical in the diagnosis and treatment of massive upper gastrointestinal hereof-rhea.     

Cytoprotective effects of quercetin and its sugar-containing natural congeners in cultured HEK293 cells injured by anoxia/hypoglycemia and the structure-effect relationship thereto

Objective To comparatively study anti-free radical and cytoprotective effects of quercetin(Q)and its monoglucoside isoquercetin(I),diglucoside rutin(R),which differs only in glycosyl-substitution at C-3 position of the molecules,using anoxia/hypoglycemia-induced cell injury model and thereby to explore the structure-effect relationship thereto.Methods The cell injury model was established by HEK293 cells cultured in vitro with Na2S2O3 plus sugar-free Earle's fluid as incubation medium;Cell survival rate(CSR),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),SOD and LDH levels were determined;The effect intensity of the 3 flavonoids were compared by means of IC50,the concentration required to achieve 50% inhibition of the changes in the above indices in injured cells.Results Q,I and R all concentration-dependently elevated CSR,TAC and SOD,and reduced LDH level;the all of IC50s for the above indices were ranked in order of IC50,QI>R.Conclusions The 3 structurally similar flavoloids all have significant and concentration-dependent anti-free radical and cyto-protective effects with the intensity being in order of aglycone>monoglucoside>diglucoside;the substitution of-OH by sugar group at C-3 position of flavoloids and increase in the sugar-substituent number are associated with the effect intensity reduced;namely,the intensity of these effects of flavonoids is negatively related the substutution by sugar group at C-3 position.     

Effect of phillygenin on inflammatory response of A549 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide and normal human plasma北大核心CSCD

Aim To investigate the effect of phillygenin ( PHI) on lipopolysacchride ( LPS) and normal human plasma ( NHP) induced inflammatory injury on alveolar type II epithelial A549 cells and the related mechanism. Methods A549 cells were exposured to 1 mg • L -1 of LPS and 5% NHP to build the inflammatory injury model. The effects of PHI on cell viability, cell number, area, morphology, and DNA content of A549 cells were detected by thiazole blue colorimetric (MTT) and Hoechst 33342 staining. The A549 cells were pretreated with PHI for 2 h, and then exposed to 1 mg • L -1 of LPS and 5% NHP. The contents of inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB p65 were determined by ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR. The transfer of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus was detected by cellular immunofluorescence. The protein expres¬sions of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways were de¬tected by Western blot. Results The contents of IL-6 and IL-8 and the transfer of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus were significantly up-regulated in LPS combined with NHP co-stimulated group. PHI at 1, 10, 50, and 100 jjimol • L -1decreased the mRNA and protein expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 , inhibited the transfer of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus, reduced the NF-κB p65 mRNA level, down-regulated the phospho-rylation levels of IκBα, NF-κB p65, p38, JNK, and ERK, and up-regulated the protein expression of IκBα in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions LPS combined with NHP successfully induces inflammatory injury in alveolar type II epithelial A549 cells. PHI could improve the inflammatory response by inhibiting the activation of LPS-TLR4-NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathways. © 2023 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.     

Effect of total flavonoids of Rosa rugosa on PI3K/AKT pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury北大核心CSCD

Aim To investigate the effects of total flavonoids from Rosa rugosa (TFR) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats, and to investigate whether TFR inhibited neuronal apoptosis by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathways. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, low-dose group (50 mg · kg -1 · d -1), medium-does group (100 mg · kg -1 · d -1), and high-does group (200 mg· kg -1 · d -1). The injury model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) was prepared following suture method. Neurobehavioral changes, cerebral infarct size and brain tissue water content were detected 24 h after surgery. HE and Nissl staining were performed to observe pathological indicators. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis of ischemic nerve cells in brain. Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, GRP78, CHOP and Caspase-12. Results Compared with MCAO/R group, the rats in medium-dose group and high-dose group showed improvement in the neurobehavioral function, decrease in the cerebral infarction area and the degree of cerebral edema, and reduction of the pathological damage of cerebral cortex. Moreover, there was a significantly decrease in the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in medium-dose group and high-dose group. The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 increased, and the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved-Caspase-3 decreased, the expression of pPI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/AKT increased, and the expression of ERS-related protein GRP78, CHOP, Caspase-12 decreased. Conclusions TFR can inhibit neuronal apoptosis by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and ERS pathway, thus playing a protective role in CIRI rats. © 2023 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.     

Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate protects rat myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion injury via activation of PI3K/Akt/FOXO3A/Bim pathway

Aim： To investigate the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate （STS） in an ischemia- reperfusion （I/R）-induced rat myocardial injury model. Methods： Male SD rats were iv injected with STS, STS＋LY294002, or saline （NS） for 15 d. Then the hearts were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Cardiac function, infarction size and area at risk were assessed. Cell apoptosis was evaluated with TUNEL staining, DNA laddering and measuring caspase-3 activity. In addition, isolated cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats were pretreated with the above drugs, then exposed to H202 （200 μmol/L） for I h. Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometric assay. The levels of p-Akt, p-FOXO3A and Bim were examined with immunoblotting. Results： Compared to NS group, administration of STS （20 mg/kg） significantly reduced myocardial infarct size （40.28%＋5.36% in STS group vs 59.52%±7.28% in NS group）, and improved the myocardial function as demonstrated by the increased values of dp/dt LVDP and coronary flow at different reperfusion time stages. Furthermore, STS significantly decreased the rate of apoptotic cells （15.11%±3.71% in STS group vs 38.21%±7.83% in NS group）, and reduced caspase-3 activity to nearly a quarter of that in NS group. Moreover, STS significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream target FOXO3A, and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic gene Bim. Co-treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 （40 mg/kg） partially countered the protective effects induced by STS treatment. In isolated cardiomyocytes, STS exerted similar protective effects as shown in the ex vivo I/R model. Conclusion： STS pretreatment reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function in an I/R-induced rat myocardial injury model via activation of Akt/FOXO3A/Bim-mediated signal pathway.     

Effect of Clkl gene on level of Aβ-induced autophagy in Alzheimer's disease北大核心CSCD

Aim To investigate the effect of siRNA transfection of silencing Clkl gene on autophagy levels in AD model cells. Methods The Clkl gene was silted using siRNA transfection techniques. MTT was used to observe the effects of Aβ2 5 35 and Clkl genes on cell survival. Cellular immunofluorescence was applied to observe the expression of the autophagy marker microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3). Western blot was employed to detect the expression of Clkl, HIF-1α, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, autophagy-related proteins Beclinl,LC3-II/I,and p62. Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was utilized to detect the expression of Beclinl, LC3, p62 mRNA. Results Compared with the NC + NS group, the viability of HT22 cells in the NC + Aβ group was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), while the viability of cells in the siClkl + Aβ group was significantly higher than that in the N C + A β group (P < 0.01). The results of cellular immunofluorescence showed that the expression of LC3 in the NC + Aβ group was significantly higher than that in the NC + NS group (P < 0.01), and the expression of LC3 in the siClkl + Aβ group was significantly lower than that in the NC + Aβ group (P < 0.01). Compared with the NC + NS group, the expression of Beclinl and LC3 -II/I proteins in the NC + Aβ group was significantly raised (P < 0.01), and the expression of p62, PI3 K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-mTOR/mTOR was significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with the NC + Aβ group, the expression of Beclinl and LC3-II/I proteins in the siClkl + Aβ group decreased significantly (P <0.01), and the expression of p62, PI3 K, p-AKT/AKT, and p-mTOR/mTOR proteins increased significantly (P < 0.01). The addition of LY294002 and YC-1 reversed the effect of silencing Clkl on Beclinl, LC3-II/I, p62, PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR proteins. RT-qPCR results showed that there was no significant difference in Beclinl, LC3 and p62 mRNA levels in the siClkl + Aβ + YC-1 group compared with the siClkl + Aβ group (P > 0.05), and Beclinl, LC3 and p62 mRNA were consistent with the protein levels in the other groups. Conclusions Silencing Clkl expression can alleviate the decrease in cell viability induced by excessive autophagy of HT22 cells induced by Aβ2 535, and the mechanism may be related to the PI3 K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and HIF-1α. © 2023 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.     

BMSCs和软骨细胞共培养并与纤维蛋白黏胶复合后移植修复关节软骨缺损

Objective To study the repairing effects of cartilage of rabbit articular defects grafting on compound of BMSCs and articular cartilage cell and fibrin sealant. Methods The model of defect of rabbit articular cartilage were divided into 4 group, group A was grafting compound of BMSCs and articular cartilage cell and fibrin sealant; group B was grafting BMSCs and articular cartilage cell; group C was grafting fibrin sealant. the Repaired tissues were evaluated with macroscopic observation,histological scores and immunohistochemical staining at week 84and 8 after transplantation. Results Repaired cartilage group A was better than thos of group B 、C and group B 、C were better than group D. O'Driscoll mark was group A: (20.43 ± 1.81); group B: (16.29 ± 2.63); group C: (10.57 ± 3.60); group D: (5.77± 3.30), differences were statistically significant(P＜ 0.01). Conclusion compound of BMSCs and articular cartilage cell and fibrin sealant grafting can repairing articular cartilage defecting.     

The dynamic changes of serum tumor necrosis factor-α and the clinical significance in acute lung injury rats caused by mechanical trauma

Objective To determine the dynamic changes and mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in serum in acute lung injury(ALI) induced by mechanical trauma in mechanical trauma rat model. Methods Totally 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham group and trauma group, sham-acute lung injury group and acute lung injury group. Noble-Collip drum was used to establish mechanical trauma rat model. Intraperitoneal injection of TNF-α established acute lung injury model. All rats after modeling of abdominal aortic blood sampling time points were killed and the serum levels of TNF-α were asasyed by ELISA. Results Serum TNF-α levels (334. 78 ±± 28) ng/L in the trauma group were significantly higher than those in the sham group( 177 ±10 ) ng/L (P ＜0. 01 ). The pathological results showed that both in trauma group and acute lung injury group lung infection were very obvious, while it was basically normal in both sham group and sham-acute lung injury group. Conclusions Serum TNF-αt levels of mechanical trauma may be associated with acute lung injury after mechanical trauma. Therefore, dynamic observation of the change of serum TNF-α after mechanical trauma will help the assessment and prognosis of the disease, it has important clinical significance.