米非司酮抗大鼠孕卵着床的形态学研究

观察了大鼠妊娠第１ｄ或第１，２ｄ应用不同剂量米司酮对着床的影响和用药后不同时间子宫内膜和卵巢黄体的形态学变化，结果表明：（１）大鼠妊娠第１ｄ皮下注射米非司酮１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ可完全抗着床。（２）妊娠第１ｄ或第１，２ｄ给予米非司酮致妊娠第８ｄ子宫内膜，黄体呈现不同程度空泡变性；（３）完全抗着床剂量用药后３６ｈ子宫内膜超微结构再现不同程度的改变，提示，米非司酮对大鼠具有较强的抗着床作用，用药后子宫内膜细胞     

小白鼠十二指肠发育分化的组织化学观察

用组织化学的方法研究ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠胚胎（１４ｄ）至成年十二指肠的发育分化过程。结果显示：（１）胚胎１４－１７ｄ，上皮细胞内富含ＲＮＡ，胚胎１９ｄ，ＲＮＡ含量减少。生后１周末时，ＲＮＡ含量增加，２周末接近成年。（２）胚胎１５ｄ，上皮细胞内可见糖原，１６ｄ时，糖原略增多，１７ｄ时，糖原消失。胚胎１５－１７ｄ，上皮表面糖蛋白逐渐增多，提示纹状缘表面细胞衣正在形成。（３）胚胎１７ｄ时，Ｇ－６－Ｐａｓｅ出     

米非司酮抗大鼠孕卵着床的形态学研究

观察了大鼠妊娠第１ ｄ 或第１、２ ｄ 应用不同剂量米非司酮对着床的影响和用药后不同时间子宫内膜和卵巢黄体的形态学变化。结果表明： （１） 大鼠妊娠第１ ｄ 皮下注射米非司酮１０ ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 可完全抗着床; （２） 妊娠第１ ｄ 或第１、２ ｄ 给予米非司酮致妊娠第８ ｄ 子宫内膜、黄体呈现不同程度空泡变性; （３） 完全抗着床剂量用药后３６ ｈ 子宫内膜超微结构出现不同程度的改变。提示：米非司酮对大鼠具有较强的抗着床作用,用药后子宫内膜细胞变性及大量炎性细胞浸润可能是米非司酮抗鼠孕卵着床作用发生的重要因素。     

大剂量甲氨蝶呤在预防儿童中枢神经系统白血病中的作用

目的：探讨大剂量甲氨蝶呤（ＨＤＭＴＸ）对预防儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）所致中枢神经系统白血病（ＣＮＳＬ）的作用。方法：１２例患儿ＭＴＸ剂量按３．０ｇ／ｍ２计算，总量１／３加等渗盐水３０ｍｌ于３０ｍｉｎ内静脉推注，余２／３量加入１０％葡萄糖１５００～２０００ｍｌ中２４ｈ静滴，结束后鞘内注射ＭＴＸ加地塞米松１次，２４ｈ后应用四氢叶酸钙解救，剂量为每次１２ｍｇ／ｍ２，每６ｈ肌注１次，共６～８次。结果：血清ＭＴＸ的最高浓度为（０．８７～１．２３）×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，用药２４ｈ后有效浓度仍在（１．０～７．０）×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内。脑脊液的ＭＴＸ浓度在（２．０～８．８）×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，足以杀灭中枢内白血病细胞，除１例出现严重中毒外，其余病例不良反应均较轻。９例坚持治疗１８个月，除１例复发外，８例连续完全缓解。结论：ＨＤＭＴＸ治疗有利于减少患儿ＡＬＬ的发复，有提高长期无病生存率的作用     

小白鼠十二指肠发育分化的组织化学观察

用组织化学的方法研究ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠胚胎（１４ｄ）至成年十二指肠的发育分化过程。结果显示：（１）胚胎１４～１７ｄ，上皮细胞内富含ＲＮＡ，胚胎１９ｄ，ＲＮＡ含量减少。生后１周末时，ＲＮＡ含量增加，２周末接近成年。（２）胚胎ｌ５ｄ，上皮细胞内可见糖原，１６ｄ时，糖原略增多，１７ｄ时，糖原消失。胚胎１５～１７ｄ，上皮表面糖蛋白逐渐增多，提示纹状缘表面细胞衣正在形成，（３）胚胎１７６时，Ｇ－６－Ｐａｓｅ出现，此后，酶活性渐增强，生后４周末基本达到成年水平。     

接触镜对角膜酶组织化学及超微结构的影响

为了进一步明确配戴接触镜对角膜细胞酶组织化学的影响和角膜组织的超微结构变化，以家兔为动物模型，对配戴接触镜１２ｈ，１，３，５，７，１４ｄ的兔角膜ＡＴＰ酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶和酸性磷酸酶含量进行了检测，并用透射电镜对其超微结构进行了观察，结果戴镜１ｄ后角膜上皮细胞内乳酸脱氢酶和酸性磷酸酶含量增高，与对照组比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），而ＡＴＰ酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶含量则降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。戴镜３ｄ后角膜厚度增加（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），５ｄ后角膜内皮细胞密度明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），六边形细胞自３ｄ始即明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１）。戴镜２４ｈ角膜上皮超微结构无明显变化，３ｄ后角膜上皮肿胀，线粒体扩张，直至线粒体嵴断裂，内质网脱颗粒。结果表明细胞内酶组织化学的变化和超微结构的改变是接触镜性角膜炎发生的病理基础。     

噻啦嗪对全脑缺血再灌大鼠脑皮层单胺递质及超微结构的影响

本文观察了噻啦嗪对四动脉夹闭所致脑缺血３０ｍｉｎ、再灌注１ｈ大鼠脑皮层单胺类递质（ＮＥ、ＤＡ、５－ＨＴ）的影响。结果表明，大鼠全脑急性缺血３０ｍｉｎ、再灌注１ｈ后，脑皮层单胺类递质明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），噻啦嗪１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ腹腔注射进一步减低脑缺血再灌注后单胺类递质的含量，但无统计学意义，噻啦嗪２０ｍｇ／ｋｇ腹腔注射能明显减轻皮层超微结构的改变。     

Effect of sublethal X-iradiation on the follicular trapping,with special references to radiosensitivity of follicle stramata in mouse lymph nodes non-stimulated and stimulated by phytohemagglutin

目的：观察半致死剂量Ｘ线全身照射对ＰＨＡ刺激及非刺激的小鼠窝淋巴结内滤泡树突状细胞免疫复合物捕捉能力的影响。方法：利用免疫组化及酶组织化学技术。结果：照射后第２ｄ，在ＰＨＡ刺激及非刺激的窝淋巴结，于免疫复合物注射后的各个时间点均可见阳性滤泡捕捉。照射后第６ｄ，非ＰＨＡ刺激的淋巴结于免疫复合物注射后的１５ｍｉｎ～３．５ｈ呈滤泡捕捉阳性，２４ｈ消失；而经ＰＨＡ刺激的淋巴结于注射后２４ｈ仍可见免疫复合物保留在淋巴滤泡。结论：半致死剂量Ｘ线全身照射对滤泡捕捉能力的损伤是逐渐发生的（大约在照射后１周）；ＰＨＡ刺激可促进引流淋巴结内滤泡树突状细胞发育，使其呈现较强的辐射抗性     

大鼠全脑缺血及再灌注对耳蜗SDH组织化学和组织学的影响

本文采用闭塞四动脉全脑缺血大鼠模型，通过耳蜗琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）组化实验、图象分析和耳蜗切片，观察了缺血３０ｍｉｎ及不同再灌注时间对耳蜗ＳＤＨ组织化学和组织学的影响。结果显示：与对照组相比，缺血３０ｍｉｎ和缺血３０ｍｉｎ后再灌注２４ｈ时外毛细胞ＳＤＨ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５）；而再灌注２ｈ时ＳＤＨ活性则显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。缺血及再灌注各组可见Ｃｏｒｔｉ＇ｓ器变形、螺旋神经节细胞减少和血管纹变薄等病理变化。提示脑缺血及再灌注可致内耳酶活性和组织结构损伤。     

庆大霉素所致家兔肾小球损伤的超微结构改变

为了探讨庆大霉素（ＧＭ）是否能引起肾小球的损伤，我们观察了家兔注射单剂ＧＭ（１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ）或每天注射一剂等量ＧＭ，边疆注射三天后肾皮质的超微结构改变，对照组家兔注射等容积生理盐水。发现家兔注射单剂ＧＭ后１ｈ，近端肾小管上皮细胞内即出现髓样小体，注射后２４ｈ，肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞、足细胞，和近端肾小管上皮细胞显著肿胀、变性，细胞器有显著病变；注射三剂ＧＭ后２４ｈ，足细胞足突融合，肾小球滤过膜增     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.