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1.
KyoChul Seo Seung Hwan Park KwangYong Park 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1459-1462
[Purpose] This study aims to examine stroke patients’ changes in dynamic balance ability
through stair gait training where in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) was
applied. [Subjects and Methods] In total 30 stroke patients participated in this
experiment and were randomly and equally allocated to an experimental group and a control
group. The experimental group received exercise treatment for 30 min and stair gait
training where in PNF was applied for 30 min and the control group received exercise
treatment for 30 min and ground gait training where in PNF was applied for 30 min. For the
four weeks of the experiment, each group received training three times per week, for
30 min each time. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) values were measured and a time up and go (TUG)
test and a functional reach test (FRT) were performed for a comparison before and after
the experiment. [Results] According to the result of the stroke patients’ balance
performance through stair gait training, the BBS and FRT results significantly increased
and the TUG test result significantly decreased in the experimental group. On the
contrary, BBS and FRT results did not significantly increase and the TUG test result did
not significantly decrease in the control group. According to the result of comparing
differences between before and after training in each group, there was a significant
change in the BBS result of the experimental group only. [Conclusions] In conclusion, the
gait training group to which PNF was applied saw improvements in their balance ability,
and a good result is expected when neurological disease patients receive stair gait
training applying PNF.Key words: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Stroke, Balance ability 相似文献
2.
[Purpose] This study examined the effects of ramp gait training using lower extremity
patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on chronic stroke patients’
dynamic balance ability. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 30 stroke patients participated
in this study, and they were assigned randomly and equally to an experimental group and a
control group. The experimental group received exercise treatment for 30 min and ramp gait
training with PNF for 30 min. The control group received exercise treatment for 30 min and
ground gait training for 30 min. The interventions were conducted in 30 min sessions,
three times per week for four week. The subjects were assessed with the Berg balance scale
test, timed up and go test, and functional reach test before and after the experiment and
the results were compared. [Results] After the intervention, the BBS and FRT values had
significantly increased and the TUG value had significantly decreased in the experimental
group; however, the BBS, FRT, and TUG values showed no significant differences in the
control group. In addition, differences between the two groups before the intervention and
after the intervention were not significant. [Conclusion] In conclusion, ramp gait
training with PNF improved stroke patients’ dynamic balance ability, and a good outcome of
ramp gait training with PNF is also expected for other neurological system disease
patients.Key words: Stroke, Proprioception, Ramp gait 相似文献
3.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to verify the effect of sideways treadmill training
with and without visual blocking on the balance and gait function of patients with brain
lesions. [Subjects] Twenty-four stroke and traumatic brain injury subjects participated in
this study. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group (12 subjects) and a
control group (12 subjects). [Methods] Each group executed a treadmill training session
for 20 minutes, three times a week, for 6 weeks. The sideways gait training on the
treadmill was performed with visual blocking by the experimental group and with normal
vision by the control group. A Biodex Gait Trainer 2 was used to assess the gait function.
It was used to measure walking speed, walking distance, step length, and stance time on
each foot. The Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test (FTSST) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were
used as balance measures. [Results] The sideways gait training with visual blocking group
showed significantly improved walking speed, walking distance, step length, and stance
time on each foot after training; FTSST and TUG times also significantly improved after
training in the experimental group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group
showed significant increases in stance time on each foot. [Conclusion] Sideways gait
training on a treadmill with visual blocking performed by patients with brain lesions
significantly improved their balance and gait function.Key words: Brain lesions, Treadmill training, Visual block 相似文献
4.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of treadmill walking with
the eyes closed and open on the gait and balance abilities of chronic stroke patients.
[Subjects and Methods] Thirty patients with chronic stroke participated in this study. The
treadmill gait training for each group lasted 40 minutes, and sessions were held 3 times a
week for 4 weeks. Gait ability was measured using a Biodex Gait Trainer Treadmill System.
Balance ability was measured using a Biodex Balance System. [Results] After the treadmill
training‚ the treadmill training with eyes closed (TEC) group showed significant
improvements in walking distance‚ step length‚ coefficient of variation‚ and limit of
stability (overall‚ lateral affected‚ forward lateral unaffected) compared to the
treadmill training with eyes open (TEO) group. [Conclusion] The walking and balance
abilities of the TEC participants showed more improvement after the treadmill walking
sessions than those of the TEO participants. Therefore‚ treadmill walking with visual
deprivation may be useful for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic stroke.Key words: Stroke, Treadmill training, Visual blocking 相似文献
5.
[Purpose] A stationary bicycle exercise and a treadmill exercise were conducted in order
to determine the effect of these exercises on the balance and walking ability of elderly
women. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four elderly women aged 65 or older were equally
assigned to a stationary bicycle exercise group and a treadmill exercise group, and they
performed exercise three times per week for 8 weeks for 20 minutes each time. In order to
examine gait, step length and time were measured as parameters of walking ability, and in
order to examine dynamic balance, subjects were evaluated with the Berg balance scale
(BBS). [Results] After the intervention, step time and step length and BBS significantly
increased significantly decreased, in both groups. A comparison of BBS after the
intervention between the two groups revealed that the stationary bicycle group showed
larger increases than the treadmill group. [Conclusion] The stationary bicycle exercise
group and treadmill exercise group showed significant improvements in gait and balance.
Stationary bicycle exercise can help to prevent falls by improving the balance of elderly
persons.Key words: Stationary bicycle exercise, Treadmill exercise, Elderly females 相似文献
6.
[Purpose] This study was conducted to find out the effect of arm swing during treadmill
training on the gait of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] This study subjects were
20 stroke subjects patients who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group
(EG) or the control group (CG), 10 subjects in each group. Therapists induced arm swing of
affected side of EG subjects using Nordic poles, while subjects in CG had the affected arm
restricted to prevent arm swing. Training was performed for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for
4 weeks. The timed up and go test (TUG), the dynamic gait index (DGI) and the 6-minute
walk test (6MWT) were assessed before and after the training. [Results] After the
training, there were no significant differences in the TUG times of EG and CG. There were
significant differences in the DGI and the 6-minute walking distance of EG, but not of CG.
There were also significant differences in the improvements of the DGI and the 6-minute
walking distance between the groups. [Conclusion] Arm swing training had a positive effect
on patients’ gait ability. Further studies are required to generalize the results of this
study.Key words: Arm swing, Gait, Stroke 相似文献
7.
[Purpose] This study investigated the influence of exercise on balance ability and gait
function in stroke patients after applying non-elastic tape, which can stabilize muscles
and joints, to the lower extremities of the affected side. [Subjects and Methods] The
subjects were 30 patients diagnosed with stroke. They were divided into an experimental
group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group performed mat and
treadmill exercises three times a week for six weeks with non-elastic tape applied to the
lower extremities of the affected side. The control group performed the same exercises but
without taping. [Results] The intervention significantly improved Berg balance scale
scores and timed up and go (TUG) test scores as well as reduced stance duration and stride
duration in the experimental group. In the control group, statistically significant
improvements were observed in TUG test scores. [Conclusion] Although some differences did
not reach the level of statistical significance, the application of non-elastic tape
stabilized the joints of the lower extremities, thereby increasing balance and reducing
stance duration and one step duration, which resulted in a reduction of overall gait
duration.Key words: Stroke, Non-elastic taping, Balance 相似文献
8.
YoungJun Ko HyunGeun Ha Young-Hyeon Bae WanHee Lee 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1593-1596
[Purpose] The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of balance training with
Space Balance 3D, which is a computerized measurement and visual feedback balance
assessment system, on balance and mobility in acute stroke patients. [Subjects and
Methods] This was a randomized controlled trial in which 52 subjects were assigned
randomly into either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group,
which contained 26 subjects, received balance training with a Space Balance 3D exercise
program and conventional physical therapy interventions 5 times per week during 3 weeks.
Outcome measures were examined before and after the 3-week interventions using the Berg
Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke
Patients (PASS). The data were analyzed by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS
19.0. [Results] The results revealed a nonsignificant interaction effect between group and
time period for both groups before and after the interventions in the BBS score, TUG
score, and PASS score. In addition, the experimental group showed more improvement than
the control group in the BBS, TUG and PASS scores, but the differences were not
significant. In the comparisons within the groups by time, both groups showed significant
improvement in BBS, TUG, and PASS scores. [Conclusion] The Space Balance 3D training with
conventional physical therapy intervention is recommended for improvement of balance and
mobility in acute stroke patients.Key words: Balance training, Visual feedback, Acute stroke patients 相似文献
9.
[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effects of Mulligan taping on balance and
gait in subacute stroke patients. [Subjects] Thirty patients with subacute stroke were
randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 15) and the control group (n
= 15). Mulligan taping was applied to the knee joints of participants in the experimental
group while placebo taping was applied to knee joints of subjects in the control group.
Biodex was used to assess their balance ability and the GAITRite System was used to test
gait. All measurements were performed before and after the intervention. [Results] Dynamic
standing balance of the experimental group significantly improved after taping. Gait, gait
cadence, velocity, step length, and stride length also improved significantly. However, no
significant differences in standing balance or gait were observed for the control group.
Furthermore, significant differences in dynamic standing balance, cadence, and velocity
were found between the two groups after the intervention. [Conclusion] Our results
demonstrate that Mulligan taping is effective for improving balance and gait in subacute
stroke patients. Thus, this technique is a potential method for actively facilitating
rehabilitation programs for hemiplegia patients.Key words: Stroke, Mulligan taping, Balance 相似文献
10.
Hyungsuk Kim Taeoh Kim Whisung Cho Hokyung Chang Won-Seok Chung 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2021,9(31):9691-9698
BACKGROUNDAdrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is caused by a deficit in the ABCD1 gene, which leads to demyelination of neurons and dysfunction of the adrenal cortices and testicles. Of the three known phenotypes, 30%-50% of male ALD patients present with the adrenomyeloneuropathy phenotype, characterized by gait disturbance as the initial symptom.CASE SUMMARYA 46-year-old man with a prior diagnosis of ALD was admitted to a Korean medicine hospital for the treatment of gait disturbance. His ability to walk was severely impaired at admission, significantly affecting the patient’s quality of life. He was treated with acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, electroacupuncture, and herbal medicine for 23 d. The 25-Foot Walk test (25FW), timed up and go (TUG), comfortable gait speed (CGS), numeric rating scale (NRS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Tinetti test, manual muscle test (MMT), and 3-level version of EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D-3L) were used to evaluate the patient. The outcomes of the 25FW, TUG, and CGS improved during hospitalization. From the time of admission to discharge we observed: A decrease in NRS scores in the lower extremities and the lower back; an increase of 3 points in the BBS; a 1-point increase in the balancing part of the Tinetti Test; MMT and EQ-5D-3L performances remained unchanged.CONCLUSIONTraditional Chinese medicine treatments could be a therapeutic option to alleviate issues related to gait disturbance in ALD. 相似文献
11.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of visual feedback training on
the balance of stroke patients performing ankle joint strategy exercises. [Subjects and
Methods] In this study, 26 stroke patients were randomly and equally assigned to a visual
feedback group (VFG) and a visual disuse group (VDG). They performed ankle joint strategy
exercises for 30 minutes, three times per week for six weeks. The patients’ balance
ability was measured before and after the exercises to compare the effects of visual
feedback. To assess balance ability, the limits of stability (LOS) and the distance the
center of pressure (CoP) moved were measured using a BT4 portable force platform. The Berg
balance scale (BBS) and the timed up and go (TUG) test were also used to assess balance
before and after the exercises. [Results] Changes in LOS were significant in the anterior,
posterior, left, and right directions in each group, and the interactions between the two
groups were significant in the posterior, left, and right directions. The changes in TUG
and BBS results between pre-test and the post-test were statistically significant in the
two groups, and also between the groups. [Conclusion] Visual feedback training had a
positive effect on balance when ankle joint strategy exercises were performed by stroke
patients to improve balance.Key words: Ankle strategy, Visual feedback, Balance 相似文献
12.
Kyung Woo Kang Na Kyung Lee Sung Min Son Jung Won Kwon Kyoung Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):833-835
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate how the use of handrails during
treadmill walking affects the gait parameters of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods]
The participants, 30 hemiplegic stroke patients, were randomly allocated to one of three
groups: the NHG group (No Handrail group, n=10), the FHG group (Front handrail group,
n=10), and BHG group (Bilateral Handrail group, n=10). All the subjects’ performed
treadmill walking for 30 min, five days a week, for a period of eight weeks. Gait
parameters were evaluated using the RS-scan system. [Results] A statistically significant
difference in the HM (heel-medial) area of plantar foot pressure was observed between BHG
and NHG. Statistically significant difference in the HL (heel-lateral) area of plantar
foot pressure was observed between BHG and NHG, and between FHG and NHG. A statistically
significant difference in contact area of the rear foot was observed between BHG and NHG.
[Conclusion] The results of this study show that holding handrails during treadmill
training may enhance the improvement in the quality of patients’ gait (plantar foot
pressure, contact area of foot).Key words: Treadmill training, Handrails, Stroke 相似文献
13.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of augmented
reality-based Otago exercise on balance, gait, and falls efficacy of elderly women.
[Subjects] The subjects were 21 elderly women, who were randomly divided into two groups:
an augmented reality-based Otago exercise group of 10 subjects and an Otago exercise group
of 11 subjects. [Methods] All subjects were evaluated for balance (Berg Balance Scale,
BBS), gait parameters (velocity, cadence, step length, and stride length), and falls
efficacy. Within 12 weeks, Otago exercise for muscle strengthening and balance training
was conducted three times, for a period of 60 minutes each, and subjects in the
experimental group performed augmented reality-based Otago exercise. [Results] Following
intervention, the augmented reality-based Otago exercise group showed significant
increases in BBS, velocity, cadence, step length (right side), stride length (right side
and left side) and falls efficacy. [Conclusion] The results of this study suggest the
feasibility and suitability of this augmented reality-based Otago exercise for elderly
women.Key words: Augmented reality, Otago exercise, Falls efficacy 相似文献
14.
Young-hyeon Bae Young Jun Ko Won Hyuk Chang Ju Hyeok Lee Kyeong Bong Lee Yoo Jung Park Hyun Geun Ha Yun-Hee Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(12):1949-1953
[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of
robot-assisted gait training combined with functional electrical stimulation on locomotor
recovery in patients with chronic stroke. [Subjects] The 20 subjects were randomly
assigned into either an experimental group (n = 10) that received a combination of
robot-assisted gait training and functional electrical stimulation on the ankle
dorsiflexor of the affected side or a control group (n = 10) that received robot-assisted
gait training only. [Methods] Both groups received the respective therapies for
30 min/day, 3 days/week for 5 weeks. The outcome was measured using the Modified Motor
Assessment Scale (MMAS), Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and gait
parameters through gait analysis (Vicon 370 motion analysis system, Oxford Metrics Ltd.,
Oxford, UK). All the variables were measured before and after training. [Results] Step
length and maximal knee extension were significantly greater than those before training in
the experimental group only. Maximal Knee flexion showed a significant difference between
the experimental and control groups. The MMAS, BBS, and TUG scores improved significantly
after training compared with before training in both groups. [Conclusion] We suggest that
the combination of robot-assisted gait training and functional electrical stimulation
encourages patients to actively participate in training because it facilitates locomotor
recovery without the risk of adverse effects.Key words: Robot-assisted gait training, Functional electrical stimulation, Chronic stroke 相似文献
15.
[Purpose] Balance and gait ability determine to a large degree the level of independence
of daily living which is an important goal of rehabilitation. This study was conducted in
order to examine the effectiveness of an ankle proprioceptive control program on ankle
muscle strength, balance, and gait of chronic stroke patients. [Methods] Thirteen chronic
stroke patients more than six months post-stroke were recruited. All subjects received
ankle proprioceptive control training for 30 minutes per session, two days per week, over
a period of six weeks. Outcome measures were ankle strength (BTE-Primus), the Timed Up and
Go test (TUG), and spatiotemporal parameters measured by a GAITRite instrument. [Results]
Significant improvements in ankle dorsiflexor strength, TUG, gait speed and cadence, step
length, and stride length were observed on the paretic side. [Conclusion] The results of
this study provide evidence in support of incorporation of an ankle proprioceptive control
program for effective improvement of both balance and gait ability of chronic stroke
patients. The findings of this study suggest the feasibility and suitability of an ankle
proprioceptive control program for chronic stroke patients.Key words: Stroke, Proprioception, Ankle 相似文献
16.
Mariam A. Ameer Eman S. Fayez Hossameldien H. Elkholy 《Journal of bodywork and movement therapies》2019,23(4):937-942
BackgroundEven though several physiotherapy techniques help to improve the spatiotemporal gait parameters of diplegic children, the efficacy of treadmill gait training together with conventional treatment techniques on spatiotemporal parameter improvement needs more investigation.ObjectiveThis study's main purpose is to investigate the effect of treadmill gait training as an adjunct to conventional physiotherapy treatment on the spatiotemporal gait parameters of diplegic children.MethodsTwenty diplegic children were distributed randomly into two equal groups (a control group of ten children who received a traditional treatment and an experimental group of ten children who received the traditional treatment together with treadmill gait training). Gait data were collected using a Vicon three-dimensional motion analysis system during regular walking.ResultsWalking speed, cadence, step length, stride length, and single limb support were enhanced in both groups (p < 0.05). Cadence and walking speed increased by 6.5 steps/min and 0.2 m/sec respectively in the experimental group, compared to the control group. Also, step length, stride length and single limb support time increased by 0.13 m, 0.27 m, and 0.07 s respectively in the experimental group, compared to the control group.ConclusionThe use of treadmill gait training together with conventional physical therapy treatment enhances the walking performance of diplegic children by improving several spatiotemporal gait parameters. Furthermore, walking balance is improved by increasing the single-leg support time. 相似文献
17.
Shimpei Yamada Ken Tomida Genichi Tanino Akira Suzuki Kenji Kawakami Shinji Kubota Ryuzo Yanohara Youhei Katoh Yosuke Wada Toshio Teranishi Abbas Orand Yutaka Tomita Shigeru Sonoda 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(4):1247-1250
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to find whether a fast treadmill gait training
speed is effective for the gait training of stroke patients in the early rehabilitation
stage. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-nine stroke patients were the subjects of our
investigation. They walked on a treadmill with handrail supports at a fast speed (130% of
their comfortable gait speed in the 2nd week). The treadmill gaits of the patients were
recorded using a 3-dimensional analysis system at two and six weeks after their
admissions. Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) of the temporal and spatial
parameters of the two periods were statistically analyzed. [Results] For all of the
patients, the ICCs of the measured parameters were greater than 0.58. In the case of
patients whose gait speeds of the two periods were close, the ICC units were greater than
0.7. [Conclusion] The fast gait speed training allowed us to expose the patients to a gait
speed that they were expected to acquire at a later stage of their rehabilitation. This
training method was found to be beneficial for the mildly paralyzed patients.Key words: Stroke, Treadmill, Fast speed 相似文献
18.
[Purpose] The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of action observation
training on the static balance and walking ability of patients who had suffered a stroke.
[Subjects] Forty patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke were divided into an
action observation gait training group (AOGT group, n=20) and a general gait training
group (GGT group, n=20). [Methods] The AOGT group watched a training video on flatland
gait, slope gait, and stair gait. The GGT group watched a video on nature. Both groups
watched their respective video for 10 minutes and then had gait training for 20 minutes
per day, five times per week, for eight weeks. [Results] The static balance and gait
ability of both groups significantly improved. Although there were significant differences
between the groups, the AOTG group showed greater improvements in sway speed, limit of
stability, and gait ability. [Conclusion] We recommend action observation training over
general gait training for patients with hemiplegia. Action observational training had a
positive effect on static balance and gait ability in stroke patients’ static balance and
gait ability. Further research is needed to generalize the results of this study.Key words: Hemiplegia, Action observation training, Gait 相似文献
19.
Hyunseung Kim Wonjae Choi Kyeongjin Lee Changho Song 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3693-3697
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of virtual dual-task treadmill
training using a real-world video recording of the gait of individuals with chronic
stroke. [Subjects] Forty chronic stroke survivors were randomly divided into two groups of
20 subjects each. [Methods] The experimental group performed virtual dual-task treadmill
training using a video recording for 30 minutes per session, three times a week for 4
weeks, whereas the control group performed only treadmill training for 30 minutes per
session, three times a week for 4 weeks. A video recording was performed in a large
supermarket, and the subjects could walk at their favorable speed on a treadmill. The
temporospatial gait variables were measured to examine the training effect. [Results] The
experimental and control groups showed statistically significant improvements in the gait
variables after training. The enhancement of gait ability was statistically better in the
experimental group than in the control group. [Conclusion] Our findings suggest that
virtual dual-task treadmill training using a video recording can improve the gait
parameters of chronic stroke survivors.Key words: Stroke, Gait, Video recording 相似文献
20.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of balance training and muscle
training around the ankle joints on the gait of elderly people who have experienced a
fall. [Subjects] Twenty-six elderly people with a risk of falling and a Berg Balance Scale
score of 37 to 50 points who had experienced a fall in the last year were randomly and
equally assigned to either a balance training group or an ankle training group. The
balance training group received training on a hard floor, training while maintaining
balance on a cushion ball in a standing position, and training while maintaining balance
on an unstable platform in a standing position; the ankle training group received training
to strengthen the muscles around the ankle joints and conducted stretch exercise for the
muscles around the ankle joints. [Results] There were significant changes in gait
velocity, step length, and stride length in the balance training group after the
intervention; there were significant changes in gait velocity, cadence, step time, cycle
time, step length, and stride length in the ankle training group after the intervention.
In a between-group comparison, the gait velocity of the balance training group showed a
significant improvement compared with the ankle training group. [Conclusion] Both balance
training and ankle joint training are effective in enhancing the gait ability of elderly
people with a risk of falling; in particular, balance training is effective in improving
the gait velocity of elderly people who have experienced a fall compared with ankle joint
training.Key words: Elderly people, Balance training, Ankle training 相似文献