伴明显髓外造血的脾窦岸细胞血管瘤1例报道

脾窦岸细胞血管瘤是一种认识不久的少见脾血管性肿瘤.自1991年Falk等[1]首先报道以来,国内外共报道50余例[2,3].我们于外检中发现1例伴明显髓外造血的脾窦岸细胞血管瘤,现结合文献进行探讨. 1 材料与方法 1.1 临床资料 患者女性,53岁.     

纵隔髓外造血组织瘤样增生1例及文献复习

目的 阐明纵隔髓外造血的病理形态特征及鉴别诊断要点。方法 报道1例纵隔髓外造血组织瘤样增生病例，结合文献对该病的临床表现，病理形态特点，病因及鉴别诊断进行探讨。结果 肿瘤由各种造血细胞构成，未见脂肪成分。结论 纵隔外造血瘤样增生是一种罕见的特殊的良性病变。预后良好。     

β地中海贫血伴纵隔髓外造血组织增生一例

患者,女,31岁,因全身乏力2个月,胸痛1个月入院。24年前曾因β地中海贫血行脾切除术。体格检查:全身皮肤黏膜苍白,呈重度贫血貌,全身浅表淋巴结未触及,心前区可闻及Ⅲ°SM杂音;腹软,肝肋下未触及,双下肢无水肿。实验室检查:红细胞:1.24×1012/L,血红蛋白:34g/L,白细胞:21.5×109/L,血小板:676×109/L,网织红细胞计数:0.45;外周血涂片分类:中晚幼红细胞16/100个白细胞。血红蛋白电泳分析见图1,HbF测定为31.4%。骨髓检查:有核细胞增生活跃,早幼粒细胞0.01,中幼粒0.02,晚幼粒0.04,杆状粒0.10,分叶粒0.07;原始红细胞0.08,早幼红细胞0.16,中幼…     

骨髓纤维化颅内髓外造血一例

患，女，38岁。因头昏14年，视力减退2月余，于2004年11月26日收住我院血液科。患14年前出现头昏、乏力，多次查血常规示“贫血”，曾11次做骨髓穿刺检查，均“干抽”7年前因“脾大，脾功能亢进”在当地医院行脾脏切除术。2001年5月6日到苏州大学第一附属医院血液科就诊，入院后骨髓穿刺示骨髓增生活跃，以晚幼红为主，粒系增生低下，未见骨髓小粒和非造血细胞骨髓活检：网状纤维染色阳性，呈中度增生，未见明显造血细胞、诊断。     

慢性特发性骨髓纤维化伴椎管内髓外造血一例

患者,男,65岁,因腹部不适、黏膜潮红2个月于2005年3月8日入我院血液科。查体:颜面皮肤潮红,腹部饱满,无明显压痛及反跳痛,脾大,甲乙线9cm,甲丙线12cm,丁戊线 1 cm,腹部移动性浊音阴性。血常规检查:RBC 6．96×1012／L,Hb 170 g／L,WBC 17．6×109／L,BPC 84×109／L,分类可见中晚幼粒细胞及泪滴样红细胞。腹部B超提示脾大,厚径66 mm,脾长径188 mm,肋缘下91 mm。骨髓象:两次骨髓穿刺1次为干抽,1次有核细胞增生减低。骨髓活检:有核     

β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生的探讨

为了研究β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生细胞形态特点其及诊断，对纵隔髓外造血组织瘤样增生用细针抽吸活组织行细胞学检测（FNAC），并与骨髓片进行比较分析。结果表明：纵隔肿块的细针抽吸活组织的细胞学涂片显示粒系细胞中可见中性中幼粒细胞、中性晚幼粒细胞、中性杆状粒细胞、中性分叶核粒细胞；红系细胞中可见早幼红细胞、中幼红细胞、晚幼红细胞；并可见颗粒巨核细胞、产血小板的巨核细胞、散在血小板及成熟淋巴细胞；细胞形态及各期细胞分布与骨髓片相似，为髓外造血组织。结论：β地中海贫血伴髓外造血组织瘤样增生为罕见病，细针穿刺活检方法为一种快速、方便、有效诊断该病的方法。     

髓外造血的影象学诊断分析及研究

目的:分析髓外造血的影象学诊断的临床意义。方法:选取住院接受治疗的髓外造血患者22例,选取时间为2008年5月-2018年10月,所有患者在治疗前均接受MRI和CT(胸腔、肝、脾、肠管)影像学检查,对MRI和CT影像学资料进行分析(病灶的部位、病变的情况、病灶周围的组织变化),总结该病的影像学的特点和表现。结果:在对患者实施CT平扫时发现,患者的软组织肿块的密度均匀,增强后中度强化。MR表现为T1WI低信号以及T2WI高信号,增强后可见肝脾造血时可见肝脾增大,但缺乏特异性。结论:对髓外造血的CT或MRI表现具有明显的特征性,可以结合典型的影像学特点对患者的疾病做出准确的诊断。     

MR imaging of focal splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis in polycythemia vera: case report

We report a case with focal mass-like lesion of the spleen in polycythemia vera. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lesion showed homogeneous hyperintensity on T2-weighted images, with progressive enhancement on dynamic magnetic resonance images after bolus injection of gadolinium. The magnetic resonance features of focal splenic extramedullary hematopoiesis have not been previously reported.     

Ultrasound appearance of extramedullary hematopoiesis

Extramedullary hematopoiesis accompanies a wide variety of diseases and is defined as the abnormal production of blood outside the normal confines of the bone marrow. Most of the time, extramedullary hematopoiesis is found as microscopic foci in soft tissues; however, on occasion this process may reach a size that is detectable with ultrasound. Two forms are possible: "paraosseous"--in which the normal medullary tissue of the bone marrow ruptures through the bone to present as a paraosseous soft tissue mass,--and "extraosseous"--in which extramedullary hematopoiesis occurs within soft tissue. These "masses" of hematopoietic tissue can appear almost anywhere in the abdomen and pelvis and can mimic a wide variety of more serious diseases.     

Tumefactive extramedullary hematopoiesis of the stomach

A 3×4 cm submucosal gastric mass of extramedullary hematopoietic tissue occurred in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Such stomach masses have been misinterpreted as malignant tumor. Tumefactive extramedullary hematopoiesis of the stomach is an infrequent occurrence in patients with extramedullary hematopoiesis but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients known to have this condition.     

Massive intrahepatic extramedullary hematopoiesis in myelofibrosis

We describe the sonographic (US) and computed tomographic appearances of a large, solitary tumor in the liver produced by extramedullary hematopoiesis in an 82-year-old patient with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia. Confirmation of this diagnosis was made by US-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.     

Anemia and extramedullary hematopoiesis associated with carcinoma of the breast

Three patients with carcinoma of the breast, extensive metastasis, and splenomegaly are described. Radioisotope studies with 59Fe and 51Cr revealed extramedullarly hematopoiesis and hemolysis. In addition to red cell hemolysis, ineffective erythropoiesis in the marrow and extramedullary sites contributed to the persistence of the anemic syndrome. Extramedullary hematopoiesis is not an effective compensatory mechanism in some patients with anemia and carcinoma of the breast.     

地中海贫血脊柱旁髓外造血的影像学特征

目的探讨地中海贫血脊柱旁髓外造血的MRI与cT特征。方法收集5例地中海贫血病例,男3例。女2例,年龄18～31岁,全部病例均经病理证实,2例行MR检查,3例行cT检查,分析脊柱旁髓外造血的MRI与cT表现。结果2例患者MRT。WI、T2WI上椎体及肋骨为普遍性、均匀性低信号,髓外造血表现为脊柱旁边界清晰的肿块,rI弭rI信号不均匀稍高信号,T1WI为稍高信号,增强后强化较明显。3例患者CT上肋骨呈膨胀性改变,肋骨、椎体及其附件骨小梁稀疏、粗大;髓外造血的椎旁肿块平扫为均匀的等密度,增强后中等均匀强化。结论地中海贫血并脊柱旁髓外造血具有较特征性的影像学表现。