血液系统疾病血清sIL—2Rα／水平的研究

应用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了原发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）、白血病、缺铁性贫血及自身免疫性溶血性贫血共４０例患儿血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒα水平，结果显示：患儿组血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒα水平明显高于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．００１）；ＩＴＰ患儿用激素治疗后其血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒα水平较治疗前明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ＩＴＰ患儿血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒα水平与血小板数低度负相关，而白血病则与白细胞及血小板数无相关关系。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者5种细胞因子水平的检测及其意义

目的 探讨病毒性乙型肝炎患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８和ＴＮＦ－α与乙肝发病的关系。方法 采用ＡＰＡＡＰ技术和ＥＬＩＳＡ法,检测９２例慢性乙型肝炎患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ,ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ,ＩＬ－６,ＩＬ－８和ＴＮＦ－α的水平。结果 慢性乙肝患者ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达显著低于正常对照组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,在ＰＨＡ激活后与正常人基本一致,但仍较ＰＨＡ激活前显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０１）;慢性乙肝患者血清     

sIL－2R释放与T细胞活化的相关性研究

本实验利用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ、流式细胞测量术及淋巴细胞增殖试验观察了可溶性ＩＬ－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）释放与细胞膜ＩＬ－２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达及淋巴细胞增殖反应的相关性。结果显示：①在不更换培养液的情况下，ＰＨＡ刺激的淋巴细胞培养上清中的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ释放与ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达在７２ｈ内呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９４．Ｐ＜０．０５）；之后，ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达逐渐减少，而ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平则继续缓慢增加。呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．９６．ｐ＜０．０５）；②在不同细胞浓度及不同ＰＨＡ浓度时，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ释放与淋巴细胞增殖反应呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９６．ｐ＜０．０５；ｒ＝０９９．ｐ＜０．０１）；③１４位恶性肿瘤患者的ＰＨＡ刺激末梢血淋巴细胞培养上清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平与淋巴细胞增殖反应呈正相关（ｒ＝０．８６．ｐ＜０．０１）．上述结果提示：在培养７２ｈ内，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平可反映ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达状态；通过测定培养上清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平可间接了解淋巴细胞增殖情况。     

sIL－2R在肝癌患者血清中的高度表达

本文应用ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法检测了正常人和早期、晚期肝癌患者血清中可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平。结果表明：肝癌患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）．早期肝癌患者治疗前后其ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），从而提示血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ高表达现象可能为肝癌早期诊断、疗效判断及病情转归提供重要的参考价值；同时提供了本地区人血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平正常参考标准。     

急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者诱导分化治疗前后血清IL—2受体的…

ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测２７例急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者（ＡＰＬ）血清白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平。结果表明ＡＰＬ患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ高于正常对照（Ｐ〈０．０１），经维甲酸治疗后逐渐降低，但治疗中期患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ仍高于正常和治疗后（缓解期）患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ（Ｐ〈０．０５）。治疗后血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ虽略高于正常对照。却已恢复正常范围（Ｐ〈０．０５）。同时发现治疗中ＷＢＣ却明显升高，治疗后又下降     

肾病综合征可溶性白细胞介素2受体改变的研究

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测３２例ＮＳ患儿及２４例健康对照儿童血清和尿液ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度并采用单克隆抗体间持免疫荧光法检测Ｔ细胞亚群，结果；（１）ＮＳ活动期组患儿血清及尿液ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度明显高于ＮＳ缓解期组（Ｐ〈０．０１）和健康对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１），而ＮＳ缓解期组血清及尿液ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度与健康对照组间无显著性差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）；（２）ＮＳ活动患儿尿液ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ与血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ浓度呈正相关（Ｒ＝     

sIL—2R释放与T细胞活化的相关性研究

本实验利用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ、流式细胞测量术及淋巴细胞增殖试验观察了可溶性ＩＬ－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）释放与细胞膜ＩＬ－２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达及淋巴细胞增殖反应的相关性。结果显示：①在不更换培养液的情况下，ＰＨＡ刺激的淋巴细胞培养上清中的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ释放与ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达在７２ｈ内呈正相关（ｒ＝０．９４，Ｐ〈０．０５），之后，ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达逐渐减少，而ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平则继续缓慢增加，呈负     

肝硬化患者血清透明质酸含量与sIL－2R水平的观察

本文用放射免疫测定法及双抗体夹心法测定了２５例健康人，３０例肝硬化患者血清透明质酸（ＨＡ）的含量及可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平。结果表明：（１）肝硬化组血清ＨＡ含量及ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平均高于对照组（Ｐ值均＜０．０１）；（２）肝硬化组血清ＨＡ与ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平间呈正相关关系（ｒ＝０．５１９２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示：肝硬化组患者血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平增高与肝损害程度有关，可能是由于肝细胞受损而对ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ清除能力降低所致。     

IL－2R水平在骨髓增生异常综合征中的意义

为了对ＭＤＳ的发生发展和免疫学异常进一步了解，我们用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测２０例ＭＤＳ患者血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平；采用ＡＰＡＡＰ桥联酶免疫染色观察９例ＭＤＳ患者ＰＢＭＣ中ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达，发现ＭＤＳ患者血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ较正常人增高。在ＭＤＳ亚型中ＲＡＥＢ，ＲＡＥＢ－ｔ组较ＲＡ组增高显著，Ｐ＜０．０１；校再障组也增高。ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞百分率也较正常人高。血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ释放水平与ＰＢＭＣ中ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达比较，两者无明显相关。研究结果表明，ＭＤＳ除髓系细胞累及外，ＩＬ－２Ｒ水平增高可能是ＭＤＳ淋巴细胞异常，免疫系统功能紊乱的一种表现。     

IL—2R水平在骨髓增生异常综合征中的意义

为了对ＭＤＳ的发生发展和免疫学异常进一步了解，我们用双抗体夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测２０例ＭＤＳ患者血清中ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ水平；采用ＡＰＡＡＰ桥联酶免疫染色观察９例ＭＤＳ患者ＰＢＭＣ中ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达，发现ＭＤＳ患者血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ较正常人增高。在ＭＤＳ亚型中ＲＡＥＢ，ＲＡＥＢ－ｔ组较ＲＡ组增高显著，Ｐ＜０．０１；较再障组也增高。ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ的表达比较，两者无明显相关。研究结果表明，ＭＤＳ除髓系细胞累及     

利用噬菌体肽库确定IL-2Rα表位序列①

目的确定IL-2Rα表位,为研制高效特异性强的小分子肽类免疫抑制剂奠定基础。方法用抗IL-2Rα单克隆抗体5G1对噬菌体六肽库进行筛选,选择出与5G1结合较强的克隆,经DNA序列分析,获得保守序列。对含保守序列的克隆进行生物学活性鉴定。结果选择出31个与5G1结合较强的克隆。获得Ser-Ser-Phe和Ser-Ser-Arg两种保守序列。生物学活性鉴定表明含Ser-Ser-Arg序列克隆较含Ser-Ser-Phe被抑制效果好。结论Ser-Ser-Arg是IL-2Rα表位的关键序列。以此表位序列合成的小分子肽可作为IL-2Rα的拮抗剂而成为免疫抑制剂。     

骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R表达和血清sIL-2R水平的观察及临床意义的研究

本实验观察28例恶性骨肿瘤(骨肉瘤14例,软骨肉瘤5例),转移性骨癌4例,,其它5例,及15例良性骨肿患者PBMC 经PHA 刺激后的mIL-2R 表达和血清sIL-2R 水平,设健康对照组15例。实验结果:1.恶性骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达显著降低,在各类型之间则无明显差异;2.恶性骨肿瘤患者sIL-2R水平显著升高,在转移性骨癌明显高于其它类型;3.良性骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达和slL-2R 水平与对照组比较均无明显差异;4.骨肿瘤患者mIL-2R 表达和sIL-2R 水平之间无明确关系。表明mIL-2R 表达不足和sIL-2R 异常升高在恶性骨肿瘤患者机体免疫抑制机制中起重要作用,血清sIL-2R 水平和肿瘤转移及病情变化密切相关;提示sIL-2R 可作为骨肿瘤患者辅助诊断及病情监测的有效指标。     

Expression of interleukin-2R alpha and interleukin-2R beta in Hodgkin's disease.

Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells, the putative malignant cells of Hodgkin's disease (HD), carry regularly the CD25 antigen that forms one chain of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor (IL-2R alpha). To analyze the putative role of IL-2R expression in Hodgkin's disease, we have investigated the expression of both IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta chains in HD-derived cell lines and in primary specimens from patients with HD. Expression of IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta was detected in all HD-derived cell lines. In addition, soluble IL-2R alpha molecules were demonstrated in the supernatants of three of these cultured cell lines. In primary tissues, IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta were seen in some but not all cases. Staining was detected in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg and in lymphoid cells. There was a remarkable difference in the pattern of expression, in that IL-2R alpha- but not IL-2R beta-positive cells from HD patients were clustered in frozen sections. We conclude from these data that IL-2R expression might be involved in the biology of HD.     

Dependency of R2 and R2* relaxation on Gd-DTPA concentration in arterial blood: Influence of hematocrit and magnetic field strength

Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI is clinically used to measure brain perfusion by monitoring the dynamic passage of a bolus of contrast agent through the brain. For quantitative analysis of the DSC images, the arterial input function is required. It is known that the original assumption of a linear relation between the R₂^(*) relaxation and the arterial contrast agent concentration is invalid, although the exact relation is as of yet unknown. Studying this relation in vitro is time-consuming, because of the widespread variations in field strengths, MRI sequences, contrast agents, and physiological conditions. This study aims to simulate the R₂^(*) versus contrast concentration relation under varying physiological and technical conditions using an adapted version of an open-source simulation tool. The approach was validated with previously acquired data in human whole blood at 1.5 T by means of a gradient-echo sequence (proof-of-concept). Subsequently, the impact of hematocrit, field strength, and oxygen saturation on this relation was studied for both gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences. The results show that for both gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences, the relaxivity increases with hematocrit and field strength, while the hematocrit dependency was nonlinear for both types of MRI sequences. By contrast, oxygen saturation has only a minor effect. In conclusion, the simulation setup has proven to be an efficient method to rapidly calibrate and estimate the relation between R₂^(*) and gadolinium concentration in whole blood. This knowledge will be useful in future clinical work to more accurately retrieve quantitative information on brain perfusion.     

Evaluation of renal oxygenation change under the influence of carbogen breathing using a dynamic R2, R2′ and R2* quantification approach

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of dynamic renal R₂/R₂′/R₂* measurements based on a method, denoted psMASE‐ME, in which a periodic 180° pulse‐shifting multi‐echo asymmetric spin echo (psMASE) sequence, combined with a moving estimation (ME) strategy, is adopted. Following approval by the institutional animal care and use committee, a block design of respiratory challenge with interleaved air and carbogen (97% O₂, 3% CO₂) breathing was employed in nine rabbits. Parametrical R₂/R₂′/R₂* maps were computed and average R₂/R₂′/R₂* values were measured in regions of interest in the renal medulla and cortex. Bland–Altman plots showed good agreement between the proposed method and reference standards of multi‐echo spin echo and multi‐echo gradient echo sequences. Renal R₂, R₂′ and R₂* decreased significantly from 16.2 ± 4.4 s^?1, 9.8 ± 5.2 s^?1 and 25.9 ± 5.0 s^?1 to 14.9 ± 4.4 s^?1 (p < 0.05), 8.5 ± 4.1 s^?1 (p < 0.05) and 23.4 ± 4.8 s^?1 (p < 0.05) in the cortex when switching the gas mixture from room air to carbogen. In the renal medulla, R₂, R₂′ and R₂* also decreased significantly from 12.9 ± 4.7 s^?1, 15.1 ± 5.8 s^?1 and 27.9 ± 5.3 s^?1 to 11.8 ± 4.5 s^?1 (p < 0.05), 14.2 ± 4.2 s^?1 (p < 0.05) and 25.8 ± 5.1 s^?1 (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences in relative R₂, R₂′ and R₂* changes were observed between the cortex and medulla (p = 0.72 for R₂, p = 0.39 for R₂′ and p = 0.61 for R₂*). The psMASE‐ME method for dynamic renal R₂/R₂′/R₂* measurements, together with the respiratory challenge, has potential use in the evaluation of renal oxygenation in many renal diseases     

A gene-wide investigation on polymorphisms in the taste receptor 2R14 (TAS2R14) and susceptibility to colorectal cancer

Background

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically and etiologically heterogeneous syndrome. The high frequency of obsessive-compulsive symptoms reported in subjects with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge/velocardiofacial syndrome) or Prader-Willi syndrome (15q11-13 deletion of the paternally derived chromosome), suggests that gene dosage effects in these chromosomal regions could increase risk for OCD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to search for microrearrangements in these two regions in OCD patients.

Methods

We screened the 15q11-13 and 22q11.2 chromosomal regions for genomic imbalances in 236 patients with OCD using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).

Results

No deletions or duplications involving 15q11-13 or 22q11.2 were identified in our patients.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that deletions/duplications of chromosomes 15q11-13 and 22q11.2 are rare in OCD. Despite the negative findings in these two regions, the search for copy number variants in OCD using genome-wide array-based methods is a highly promising approach to identify genes of etiologic importance in the development of OCD.     

鼻咽癌患者NK、mIL－2R、sIL－2R及TNF的初步观察

本文对３０例鼻咽癌患者的四项免疫学指标进行了检测，发现ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ表达减少，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ和ＴＮＦ水平升高，ＮＫ活性与正常对照无显著差异，提示患者免疫功能抑制。上述指标与鼻咽癌病期的关系有待进一步研究。