海洛因成瘾者后扣带回结构和功能连接的磁共振研究

目的 应用基于体素的形态测量学和静息态功能磁共振研究海洛因成瘾者后扣带同结构和功能连接的变化情况.方法 14例海洛因成瘾者和13例正常对照者分别采集3DT1WI图像和静息态功能磁共振图像,对3DT1WI图像进行基于体素的形态测量学分析以了解相关脑区灰质密度和体积的变化,对功能磁共振图像分别以左、右后扣带同为感兴趣区与全脑的体素进行相关分析,比较海洛因成瘾组与正常对照组的后扣带回结构和功能连接的变化情况.结果 与正常对照相比,海洛因成瘾组的后扣带回灰质密度显著降低;以左侧后扣带回为感兴趣区进行功能连接分析,海洛因成瘾组左侧后扣带回与右侧颞叶的功能连接高于正常对照组,与右侧前额叶、丘腩以及左侧顶叶的功能连接明显低于正常对照组;以右侧后扣带回为感兴趣区进行功能连接分析,海洛因成瘾组右侧后扣带回与左侧额叶、左侧顶叶以及丘脑的功能连接明显低于正常对照组(双样本t检验,P<0.01).结论 海洛因成瘾者后扣带回的结构和功能连接异常,这与海洛因成瘾的脑结构和功能障碍以及奖赏系统障碍有关.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the abnormalities in the posterior cingulated cortex structure by voxel based morphometry(VBM)and changes of functional connectivity by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)in long-term heroin addictions.Methods High-resolution volumetric T1-weighted images and resting state fMRI examination were performed on 13 long-term heroin addicts and 14 matched healthy volunteers.The T1-weighted images were processed using optimized voxel-based morphometry to investigate abnormalities in the gray matter,at the sarne time,the posterior cingulated cortex was setted as the region-of-interest(ROI)seed,with which a whole-brain voxel temporal correlation in low frequency fMRI fluctuations was calculated,to find changes of the posterior cingulated cortex functional connectivity.Results Compared with the control group,gray matter concentration significantly decreased in the posterior cingnlated cortex,at the same time,the functional connectivity between the left posterior cingulated cortex and the right temporal lobe was increased,but the functional connectivity between the left posterior eingulated cortex and the left thalamus,the left parietal lobe,the left cerebrum were all decreased in heroin addicts.At the same time,the functional connectivity between the fight posterior cingulated cortex and the left thalamus,the left parietal lobe,the left frontal lobe were decreased in heroin addicts(t testing,P<0.01).Conclusion The structure and the functional connectivity in posterior cingulated cortex in long-term heroin addicts are changed,which may affect the dysfunction of the addictive brain and the function of reward mechanism.     

Increased regional homogeneity in internet addiction disorder: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background Internet addition disorder （lAD） is currently becoming a serious mental health problem among Chinese adolescents. The pathogenesis of lAD, however, remains unclear. The purpose of this study applied regional homogeneity （ReHo） method to analyze encephalic functional characteristic of lAD college students under resting state. Methods Functional magnetic resonanc image （fMRI） was performed in 19 lAD college students and 19 controls under resting state. ReHo method was used to analyze the differences between the average ReHo in two groups. Results The following increased ReHo brain regions were found in lAD group compared with control group： cerebellum, brainstem, right cingulate gyrus, bilateral parahippocampus, right frontal lobe （rectal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus）, left superior frontal gyrus, left precuneus, right postcentral gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, right inferior temporal gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. The decreased ReHo brain regions were not found in the lAD group compared with the control group. Conclusions There are abnormalities in regional homogeneity in lAD college students compared with the controls and enhancement of synchronization in most encephalic regions can be found. The results reflect the functional change of brain in lAD college students. The connections between the enhancement of synchronization among cerebellum, brainstem, limbic lobe, frontal lobe and apical lobe may be relative to reward pathways.     

Spontaneous brain activity in chronic smokers revealed by fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation analysis: a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background Nicotine is primarily rsponsible for the highly addictive properties of cigarettes. Similar to other substances, nicotine dependence is related to many important brain regions, particular in mesolimbic reward circuit. This study was to further reveal the alteration of brain function activity dudng resting state in chronic smokers by fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation （fALFF） based on functional magnetic resonance imaging （fMRI）, in order to provide the evidence of neurobiological mechanism of smoking. Methods This case control study involved twenty healthy smokers and nineteen healthy nonsmokers recruited by advertisement. Sociodemographic, smoking related characteristics and fMRI images were collected and the data analyzed. Results Compared with nonsmokers, smokers showed fALFF increased significantly in the left middle occipital gyrus, left limbic lobe and left cerebellum posterior lobe but decreases in the right middle frontal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, right extra nuclear, left postcentral gyrus and left cerebellum anterior lobe （cluster size 〉100 voxels）. Compared with light smokers （pack years 〈20）, heavy smokers （pack years 〉20） showed fALFF increased significantly in the right superior temporal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and right occipital Iobe/cuneus but decreased in the right/left limbic Iobe/cingulate gyrus, right/left frontal lobe/sub gyral, right/left cerebellum posterior lobe （cluster size 〉50 voxels）. Compared with nonsevere nicotine dependent smokers （FagerstrSm test for nicotine dependence, score 〈6）, severe nicotine dependent smokers （score 〉6） showed fALFF increased significantly in the right/left middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus and left inferior parietal Iobule but decreased in the left limbic Iobe/cingulate gyrus （cluster size 〉25 voxels）. Conclusions In smokers during rest, the activity of addiction related regions were increased and the activity of smoking feeling, memory, related regions were also changed. The resting state activity changes in many regions were associated with the cumulative amount of nicotine intake and the severity of nicotine dependence.     

Abnormal intrinsic brain activity in amnestic mild cognitive impairment revealed by amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Background Previous studies have shown that brain functional activity in the resting state is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, alterations in intrinsic brain activity patterns in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients are poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the differences in regional intrinsic activities throughout the whole brain between aMCI patients and controls.

Methods In the present study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed on 18 amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients, 18 mild AD patients and 20 healthy elderly subjects. And amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method was used.

Results Compared with healthy elderly subjects, aMCI patients showed decreased ALFF in the right hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex, left lateral temporal cortex, and right ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vMPFC) and increased ALFF in the left temporal-parietal junction (TPJ) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Mild AD patients showed decreased ALFF in the left TPJ, posterior IPL (pIPL), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared with aMCI patients. Mild AD patients also had decreased ALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex, right vMPFC and bilateral dorsal MPFC (dMPFC) compared with healthy elderly subjects.

Conclusions Decreased intrinsic activities in brain regions closely related to episodic memory were found in aMCI and AD patients. Increased TPJ and IPL activity may indicate compensatory mechanisms for loss of memory function in aMCI patients. These findings suggest that the fMRI based on ALFF analysis may provide a useful tool in the study of aMCI patients.

     

Brain glucose metabolism and neuropsychological test in patients with mild cognitive impairment

Objective To investigate the features of regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose （rCMRglc） in patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) by positron emission-tomography and its relationship with neuropsychological test.Methods Positron emission tomography, mini-mental state examination and Wechsler memory scale were applied in 10 patients with MCI and 10 healthy volunteers as the control group. Results Scores of mini-mental state examination and Wechsler memory scale in MCI patients were lower than those in the control group (P&lt;0.01). rCMRglc of the left orbital gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and right putamen was lower in the MCI group than in the control group (P&lt;0.05). Correlation analysis in the MCI group indicated that rCMRglc of many brain regions such as the orbital gyrus, putamen, left hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, left amygdaloid body, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and medial occipitotemporal gyrus in MCI patients, were correlated negatively with age; while the rCMRglc of many parts of the brain such as the left putamen, temporal lobe, anterior cingulate gyrus, left insular lobe, amygdaloid body, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus and medial occipitotemporal gyrus were correlated positively with mini-mental state examination; and rCMRglc of the left putamen, temporal lobe, left insular lobe, precentral gyrus and postcentral gyrus were correlated positively with Wechsler memory scale. The right putamen, the right inferior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and left postcentral gyrus were correlated positively with the length of education. However, only rCMRglc of the left amygdaloid body were correlated positively with gender. Conclusion The rCMRglc was lower in the orbital gyrus and putamen of MCI patients. Their rCMRglc were correlated with their cognitive impairment severity, age, length of education and sex.     

Single photon emission CT perfusion imaging of cerebral blood flow of early syphilis patients

Objective To injvestigate the cerebral blood flow of patients with early syphilis.Methods ^99Tc^m-ECD as brain perfusion imaging agent was used in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for 32 patients with early syphilis and 15 controls. Visual analyses were made on every BSPECT image.Results The 32 patients with early syphilis had general, patchy hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow.Fourteen of the 32 patients had 48 episodes of marked patchy hypoperfusion of rCBF. The responsible areas of hypoperfusion in a patchy distribution involved the left frontal lobe (6 episodes), right frontal lobe (3), left parietal lobe (7), right parietal lobe ( 6 ), left temporal lobe ( 11 ), right temporal lobe(5), left occipital lobe (3), left basal ganglia (3), cerebellum (1), and nerve nuceus (1). No abnormality was found in the control group.Conclusions Cerebral blood flow abnormalities exist in patients with early syphilis. General patchyhy poperfusion on SPECT imaging is common.     

Reliability of Three Dimentional Pseudo-continuous Arterial Spin Labeling:A Volumetric Cerebral Perfusion Imaging with Different Post-labeling Time and Functional State in Health Adults

Objective To evaluate the reliability of three dimensional spiral fast spin echo pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (3D pc-ASL) in measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) with different post-labeling delay time (PLD) in the resting state and the right finger taping state. Methods 3D pc-ASL and three dimensional T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient recalled echo (3D T1-FSPGR) sequence were applied to eight healthy subjects twice at the same time each day for one week interval. ASL data acquisition was performed with post-labeling delay time (PLD) 1.5 seconds and 2.0 seconds in the resting state and the right finger taping state respectively. CBF mapping was calculated and CBF value of both the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) was automatically extracted. The reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman plot. Results ICC of the GM (0.84) and WM (0.92) was lower at PLD 1.5 seconds than that (GM, 0.88; WM, 0.94) at PLD 2.0 seconds in the resting state, and ICC of GM (0.88) was higher in the right finger taping state than that in the resting state at PLD 1.5 seconds. ICC of the GM and WM was 0.71 and 0.78 for PLD 1.5 seconds and PLD 2.0 seconds in the resting state at the first scan, and ICC of the GM and WM was 0.83 and 0.79 at the second scan, respectively. Conclusion This work demonstrated that 3D pc-ASL might be a reliable imaging technique to measure CBF over the whole brain at different PLD in the resting state or controlled state.     

Functional MRI study of mild Alzheimer’s disease using amplitude of low frequency fluctuation analysis

Background  Previous studies have shown that the functional brain activity in the resting state is impaired in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. However, most studies focused on the relationship between different brain areas, rather than the amplitude or strength of the regional brain activity. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional brain changes in AD patients by measuring the amplitude of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) signals.

Methods  Twenty mild AD patients and twenty healthy elderly subjects participated in the fMRI scan. The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was calculated using REST software.

Results  Compared with the healthy elderly subjects, the mild AD patients showed decreased ALFF in the right posterior cingulate cortex, right ventral medial prefrontal cortex, and in the bilateral dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. No brain region with increased ALFF was found in the AD group compared with the control group.

Conclusions  The reduced activity in the posterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex observed in the present study suggest that the functional abnormalities of those areas are at an early stage of AD. The ALFF analysis may provide a useful tool in fMRI study of AD.

     

Decreased regional homogeneity in major depression as revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

Backgroud  Functional imaging studies indicate abnormal activities in cortico-limbic network in depression during either task or resting state. The present work was to explore the abnormal spontaneous activity shown with regional homogeneity (ReHo) in depression by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods  Using fMRI, the differences of regional brain activity were measured in resting state in depressed vs. healthy participants. Sixteen participants firstly diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 16 controls were scanned during resting state. A novel method based on ReHo was used to detect spontaneous hemodynamic responses across the whole brain.

Results  ReHo in the left thalamus, left temporal lobe, left cerebellar posterior lobe, and the bilateral occipital lobe was found to be significantly decreased in depression compared to healthy controls in resting state of depression.

Conclusions  Abnormal spontaneous activity exists in the left thalamus, left temporal lobe, left cerebellar posterior lobe, and the bilateral occipital lobe. And the ReHo may be a potential reference in understanding the distinct brain activity in resting state of depression.

     

Propofol Affects Different Human Brain Regions Depending on Depth of Sedation

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol on brain regions at different sedation levels and the association between changes in brain region activity and loss of consciousness using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI) and bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. Methods Forty-eight participants were enrolled at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from October 2011 to March 2012 and randomly assigned to a mild or a deep sedation group using computer- generated random numbers. Preliminary tests were performed a week prior to scanning to determine target effect site concentrations based on BIS and concomitant Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation scores while under propofol. Within one week of the preliminary tests where propofol dose-response was established, BOLD-fMRI was conducted to examine brain activation with the subject awake, and with propofol infusion at the sedation level. Results Mild propofol sedation inhibited left inferior parietal lobe activation. Deep sedation inhibited activation of the left insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and right middle temporal gyrus. Compared with mild sedation, deep propofol sedation inhibited activation of the left thalamus, precentral gyrus, anterior cingulate, and right basal nuclei. Conclusion Mild and deep propofol sedation are associated with inhibition of different brain regions, possibly explaining differences in the respective loss of consciousness processes.     

不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍儿童静息态的脑功能磁共振研究

目的:探讨不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)患者静息态脑功能磁共振的特点.方法:对符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的6名混合型(ADHD-C)、9名注意缺陷型(ADHD-I)ADHD患者及15名正常对照进行静息态的功能磁共振扫描,采用局部一致性(regional homogeneity,ReHo)作为测量指标,探讨ADHD两种亚型之间以及ADHD与正常对照之间脑功能的差异.结果:经多重比较校正发现,三组的ReHo值在双侧额叶、右楔叶及右侧颞下回的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与正常对照相比,ADHD-C左侧额叶及右侧颞下回的ReHo值降低,ADHD-I双侧额叶、双侧颞叶、右侧小脑的ReHo值降低,双侧枕叶及右侧顶下叶的ReHo值增高;两组ADHD患者之间的静息态脑功能未见明显差异.结论:与正常对照相比,ADHD患者的基线状态脑功能存在异常;两种亚型ADHD患者之间的基线状态脑功能无明显区别.     

轻度脑外伤患者静息态功能性磁共振成像及弥散张量成像研究

目的：利用静息态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）低频振幅（ALFF）联合弥散张量成像（DTI）评价轻度脑外伤（MTBI）患者脑功能活动;探讨ALFF异常脑区DTI的变化。方法：17例MTBI患者（MTBI组）与17例健康者（对照组）行静息态脑fMRI及DTI扫描。用入院时格拉斯哥昏迷评分及伤后6个月的简易精神状态评价量表（MMSE）评分,评估MTBI神经认知功能的变化。结果：静息状态下,MTBI组双侧额叶、小脑后叶ALFF升高,右侧丘脑、海马、脑干、双侧枕叶、左侧中央后回和右侧放射冠ALFF降低（P〈0.005）,双侧海马、左侧丘脑、右侧小脑的表观弥散系数降低,双侧额叶、脑干及左枕叶的各向异性分数降低（P〈0.05）。两组间MMSE评分有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：静息状态下,MTBI患者脑功能与微观结构存在异常。     

注意缺陷多动障碍儿童静息功能磁共振低频振幅成像与症状评分相关研究

目的 运用功能磁共振(fMRI)静息态低频振幅(ALFF)方法 比较注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童静息脑活动与正常儿童的差别;结合症状评分量表探讨ADHD症状严重程度与静息自发脑活动是否存在相关性.方法 学龄期ADHD32例,年龄及受教育程度匹配的正常儿童30名,分别采集两组儿童的静息状态fMRI脑血氧水平依赖(BOLD)信号,ALFF处理两组BOLD图像,进行双样本t检验获取显著性激活脑区图(P＜0.01).对ADHD组每个儿童症状评分量表(RS-Ⅳ)总分与提取的相应显著性脑区ALFF值进行相关分析获得相关显著脑区.结果 ADHD与正常组比较,ALFF值减低脑区:右额上回(BA9,t=-4.61),左额上回内侧(BA10,t=-3.63),左额中回(BA46,t=-4.09)及左前扣带回(BA24,t =-4.02).ALFF值增加脑区:左眶额叶内侧(BA11,t=3.52),右楔叶(t=3.93),右枕中回(BA19,t=3.82),右侧小脑(BA37,t=3.77),右颞中回(BA37,t=3.76),左旁中央小叶(BA6,t=3.77).ADHD组ALFF与RS-Ⅳ总分相关显著脑区:左额上回内侧(P=0.009,r=0.492),右楔叶(P=0.024,r=0.433).结论 静息状态下ADHD的前额叶自发活动水平低下,某些功能相关脑区活动增强可作为补偿机制;左额叶及右楔叶的静息自发活动水平与ADHD症状严重程度呈正相关.     

首发抑郁症患者静息态功能磁共振低频振幅成像及其差异脑区与攻击行为的关系

目的 通过静息态功能磁共振(fMRI)探讨首发抑郁症患者脑区低频振幅(ALFF)的改变及差异脑区与其攻击行为的关系.方法 选择30例未经治疗或已停药2周的首发抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)和30例性别、年龄、文化程度相匹配的健康志愿者(正常对照)作为研究对象,对所有入选人群进行3.0T静息态功能磁共振扫描,采集血氧水平依赖信号(BOLD)图像,低频振幅(ALFF)技术处理两组BOLD图像,对结果进行两样本t检验,获取差异改变脑区,并提取差异改变脑区的ALFF值与抑郁症攻击行为之间进行相关分析获得相关显著脑区.结果 与正常对照组相比,抑郁症组左侧岛叶、顶叶亚脑回、中央前回,右侧颞上回、中央前回、额下回的ALFF值增高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001,Alphasim校正);而左侧丘脑、楔前叶,右侧枕叶梭状回、舌回脑区的ALFF值减低(P＜0.001,Alphasim校正).相关分析仅发现:抑郁症组ALFF增加的脑区中左侧中央前回与身体攻击、面向自我的攻击和攻击总分正相关(r=0.41、0.49、0.39,P＜0.05或P＜0.01);右侧额下回ALFF值增加与愤怒负相关(r=-0.44,P＜0.05).结论 在静息状态下抑郁症患者大脑部分区域存在自发性神经活动异常,其中额叶有关区域的功能磁共振ALFF增加与攻击行为的发生密切相关.     

静息态功能磁共振在新生儿急性胆红素脑病中的应用

目的 急性胆红素脑病是影响新生儿生存质量的重要因素,早期症状不显著,故临床诊断难度较大,本文探讨静息态功能磁共振成像在新生儿胆红素脑病中的应用价值。 方法 选择杭州师范大学附属医院2015年12月—2017年12月期间住院诊断为急性胆红素脑病的患儿15例及正常足月儿14例。对2组新生儿进行静息态磁共振成像检查,用MATLAB、SPM及DPARSF软件对图像进行处理,最后采用低频振幅方法进行对比其脑功能变化,获得2组ALFF值的差异性脑区。 结果 急性胆红素脑病患儿与正常足月儿相比:低频振幅峰值强度颞叶为6.85、中央前回为5.02、额极的脑区为3.34,有异常增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05);而枕叶ALFF峰值强度为-3.36及顶叶为-3.60、左侧小脑为-4.42及右侧小脑为-3.12,与正常对照组比较相应的脑区ALFF强度峰值减低,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05)。 结论 与正常的新生儿相比,胆红素脑病患儿在颞叶、中央前回、额极、枕叶、顶叶、小脑等脑区有异常脑功能改变,与胆红素脑病患儿的临床表型在大脑中的定位可能有一定的相关性。静息态功能磁共振成像对新生儿胆红素脑病早期诊断有重要价值。      

重性抑郁症基于低频振幅的静息态功能磁共振成像结果观察

目的 探讨重性抑郁症(MDD)基于低频振幅(ALFF)的静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)结果。方法 前瞻性选取2017年1月至2019年1月在本院心理门诊就诊的重性抑郁症患者35例作为MDD组,选择同期在本院进行体检的健康志愿者35例作为对照组。比较两组fMRI不同脑区mALFF值(ALFF值M化处理获得)的不同。结果MDD组患者右侧前额叶皮质、右侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧岛叶、左侧额内侧回、左侧直回的mALFF值较对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。MDD组患者双侧补充运动区、右侧舌回、左侧楔前叶、左侧舌回的mALFF值较对照组明显减低,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 MDD患者静息态下右侧前额叶皮质、右侧颞上回、右侧颞下回、左侧岛叶、左侧额内侧回、左侧直回的mALFF值增加,双侧补充运动区、双侧舌回、左侧楔前叶m ALFF值降低,这些脑区神经功能损害可能为引发MDD的基础。     

利用低频振幅算法在正常人静息态下的脑性别差异磁共振研究

目的:采用静息态功能磁共振成像(resting-state functional MRI,rfMRI)技术,探讨正常人静息态下脑低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)的性别差异。方法:对19例男性健康者与19例年龄、受教育程度相匹配的女性健康者进行磁共振静息态扫描,使用ALFF算法对比分析MRI数据,观察男女性血氧水平依赖(blood oxygenation level dependent,BOLD)信号振荡幅度不同的区域。结果:较女性健康组,男性健康组双侧中央前回、双侧额中回、双侧颞上回区域的ALFF值更高;较男性健康组,女性健康组左丘脑、左角回、右海马旁回、后扣带回、脊髓小脑区域的ALFF值更高。结论:静息态下正常人的脑神经活动存在性别差异。     

Tourette综合征患儿症状严重程度与静息态功能磁共振脑低频振幅的关系

目的：分析Tourette综合征患儿症状严重程度与静息态功能磁共振脑低频振幅（ALFF）的关 系。方法：选取台州市第一人民医院2017年2月至2018年4月所收治20例首发Tourette综合征患儿,均接 受静息态功能磁共振扫描检查,分别在不同频段对脑ALFF值进行计算,探讨症状严重程度与脑ALFF值的相 关性。结果：左额上回眶部、右额中回、左额中回眶部的症状严重程度评分与脑ALFF值表现为正相关（ P ＜ 0.05）;左距状沟、右距状沟及其周围皮质的症状严重程度评分与脑ALFF值表现为负相关（ P ＜0.05）。结论： Tourette综合征患儿的症状严重程度与特定区域脑功能活动异常存在显著相关性。     

强迫症患者静息态脑功能局部一致性研究

目的 通过静息态功能磁共振研究未用药强迫症患者基础状态下的自发脑活动特征,探讨强迫症静息状态下的脑神经功能改变.方法 采用功能磁共振成像技术(fMRI),检测静息状态下14例未用药强迫症患者(病例组)、以及14例性别、年龄、受教育程度与患者相匹配的对照(对照组)的自发脑功能活动,并对两组分别进行两比较.利用REST软件分析fMRI数据,计算其全脑Reho值,用SPM2软件进行两样本t检验(P＜0.0002).结果 与对照组相比,病例组在右额叶、右侧顶叶、右侧岛叶、左侧扣带回、左侧顶叶局部一致性显著增强(P＜0.0002,未校正;k≥10).结论 强迫症静息状态下局部脑区存在较高的神经元活动一致性,这些脑区可能在强迫症的发病机制发挥了重要的作用.