儿泻暖脐膏治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻的临床研究

为了观察中药治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻的临床效果，应用儿泻暖脐膏敷脐配合西药常规疗法（简称治疗１组）治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻，并与十香暖脐膏敷脐配合西药常规疗法（简称治疗Ⅱ组）及西药常规疗法（简称对照组）对照。结果治疗Ｉ组１０２例，治愈６１例（５９．８％），显效２４例（２３．５％），有效１１例（１０．８％），无效６例（５．９％），显效率８３．３％，总有效率９４．１％；治疗Ⅱ组５４例，治愈２５例（４６．３％），显     

儿泻暖脐膏抗鼠腹泻的药理研究

为研究中药制剂儿泻暖脐膏抗腹泻机制，对其抗腹泻，胃肠功能、镇痛及抗炎的药理作用进行了实验研究。结果儿泻暖脐膏能显著抑制小白鼠蓖麻油性及番泻叶性腹泻；显著抑制小白鼠小肠推进运动及皮下注射新斯的明的小肠推进运动；显著促进小白鼠胃排空运动；显著增加大白鼠血清D－木糖含量。     

儿泻暖脐膏抗鼠腹泻的药理研究

为研究中药制剂儿泻暖脐膏抗腹泻机制，对其抗腹泻，胃肠功能、镇痛及抗炎的药理作用进行了实验研究。结果儿泻暖脐膏能显著抑制小鼠蓖麻油性及番泻叶性腹泻；显著抑制小白鼠小肠推进运动及皮下注射新斯的明的小肠推进运动；显著促进小白鼠胃排空运动；显著增加大白鼠血清Ｄ－木糖含量。     

复方丁香开胃贴贴脐治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻48例

[目的]观察复方丁香开胃贴贴脐治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻疗效.[方法]48例婴幼儿急性腹泻患儿采用复方丁香开胃贴贴脐治疗,每天1次,连续3 d;50例未予贴脐患儿作为对照.[结果]治疗组总有效率91.66%,对照组总有效率70.00%(P＜0.05).[结论]复方丁香开胃贴贴脐治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻有较好的疗效.     

中药敷脐治疗婴幼儿腹泻113例观察

对秋季腹泻我们在临床工作中,在西药治疗的同时,给予中药外敷脐部治疗113例住院患儿,取得满意效果。 临床资料:1997年1月～2002年2月共收治婴幼儿腹泻     

中药霜剂贴脐治疗婴幼儿腹泻48例

自１９９３年以来,笔者应用中药霜剂贴脐治疗婴幼儿腹泻１０００余例,现将资料完整的４８例总结如下。１　资料与方法１．１　临床资料：１个月～３岁婴幼儿腹泻患者９６例,随机分为治疗组与对照组。各组一般情况及临床表现见表１。表１　各组患儿一般情况及临床表现　　　　　　　　　　例组别例数年龄１个月～１岁　１～３岁性别男　　女平均病程（ｄ）发热呕吐腹泻＜５次／ｄ　＞６次／ｄ脱水程度轻　　中治疗组湿热泻２１１４７１３８２．４１５１８１３７７４脾虚泻２７２１６１９８２．７１１３１９８７１对照组４８３８１０２９１…     

加味暖脐散敷脐对手术后胃肠功能的影响

[目的]观察加味暖脐散敷脐对胃肠手术后肠功能的影响。[方法]胃肠手术患者20例，随机分为2组（每组10例），试验组术后12h起应用加味暖脐散敷脐，胶布封贴;对照组仅胶布封贴脐部。于术后18h起观察肠鸣音出现及肛门排气时间，并分别于术前1d、术后3d、5d检测血清胃动素（MOT）及促胃液素（Gas）。[结果]试验组术后肠鸣音恢复及肛门排气时间明显早于对照组，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），但2组MOT及Gas水平未显示出统计学差异。[结论]加味暖脐散敷脐具有明显的促进胃动力的作用，其作用机制尚待进一步研究。     

炎琥宁治疗婴幼儿腹泻68例

[目的]观察炎琥宁粉针剂治疗婴幼儿腹泻的疗效。[方法]婴幼儿急性腹泻患儿100例，随机分成2组，治疗组68例在常规治疗的基础上，应用炎琥宁粉针剂5～10mg／（kg·d）联合胃肠黏膜保护剂思密达治疗；对照组32例，应用病毒唑注射液10～15mg／（kg·d）联合思密达治疗，比较2组疗效。[结果]治疗组总有效率94．1％，对照组62．5％，2组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。[结论]炎琥宁粉针剂治疗婴幼儿腹泻疗效显著，未见不良反应。     

麝黄膏脐敷治疗肝硬化难治性腹水临床研究

目的 :观察麝黄膏治疗肝硬化难治性腹水的疗效。方法 :选择肝硬化难治性腹水住院患者 ,治疗组 (32例 )采用基础治疗 +麝黄膏脐敷 ,对照组 (2 7例 )采用基础治疗 (包括保肝药物 ,利尿剂 ,白蛋白 ,抗生素等 )。观察治疗前后患者的体重、2 4 h尿量和尿电解质、肝功能以及血清一氧化氮 (NO)含量。彩色多普勒测量门脉血流量。结果 :治疗组总有效率为 84 .0 % ,对照组总有效率为 4 9.1%。治疗组治疗后体重、腹围明显下降、肝功能明显改善 ,2 4h的尿量增多。治疗组 NO含量、门脉血流量明显下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而对照组无明显改善 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :麝黄膏脐敷对肝硬化难治性腹水有明显的治疗作用 ,比单纯基础治疗疗效高。     

Point-of-Admission Serum Electrolyte Profile of Children less than Five Years Old with Dehydration due to Acute Diarrhoea

Background/Objective: Fluid, electrolytes and acid base disturbances are responsible for most deaths due to acute diarrhoea. The aim of this study is to describe the point-of-admission serum electrolyte profile of children with dehydration due to acute diarrhoea. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the serum electrolyte levels of 185 children with dehydration due to acute diarrhoea were assessed at the point of admission at the Diarrhoea Treatment and Training Unit of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The age of the study population ranged from 29 days to 59 months. Results: Out of a total of 185 subjects, 30 (16.2%), 114 (61.6%), and 41 (22.2%) had severe, moderate and mild dehydration, respectively. In addition, hyponatraemic dehydration was the most common type of dehydration, accounting for 60.5% of cases. Metabolic acidosis and hypokalaemia occurred in 59.5% and 44.3% of cases, respectively. Only the serum bicarbonate level was significantly affected by degree of dehydration (p = 0.001). Age of more than 12 months and presence of vomiting were significantly associated with hyponatraemia (p = 0.005 & p = 0.02), while age of less than or equal 12 months and absence of vomiting were associated with metabolic acidosis (p = 0.04 & p = 0.03). Conclusion: The degree of dehydration appears to be a good predictor of the occurrence of metabolic acidosis while age is a risk factor for hyponatraemia and metabolic acidosis.     

54例腹泻患者的肠菌群分析

用肠菌群检查法检查分析了51例急性腹泻患者和3例慢性痢疾患者的肠菌群。结果证明,急性腹泻患者的肠菌群发生了明显改变,其中脓血粘液便最重,稀便次之,消化不良便最轻。在菌群的改变中,厌氧性乳杆菌和分叉杆菌最为严重,在消化不良便中的对数值/克便分别为7.71和8.18,与正常值相比P<0.001和P<0.05。慢性痢疾患者的肠菌群和正常值相比未见到明显差别。本文就合理治疗肠道疾患、尽快调整肠菌群结构以及如何提高肠道病理性标本的肠菌群检查准确性进行了讨论。     

Diarrhoea,ascites and eosinophilia: An unusual triad

The onset of diarrhoea and cramp-like abdominal pain following consumption of an identified food type is not an uncommon presentation to many practitioners. However, when it fails to settle and is associated with unusual features both on examination and on initial work-up, then a more complex diagnostic and therapeutic conundrum needs to be considered. We report on such a case where the onset of diarrhoea was associated with ascites and peripheral eosinophilia. A variety of causes including parasitic and tuberculous infection were excluded. A diagnosis of eosinophilic enteritis was made based on definite criteria, and appropriate management was instituted. In this report we discuss the diagnostic criteria and some of the proposed pathophysiologic theories in order to explain this unusual disease process.     

Small-Intestinal Microflora in Australian Aboriginal Children with Chronic Diarrhoea

Summary: The small-intestinal micro-flora was studied in a series of Australian Aboriginal children with a history of chronic diarrhoea and in a group of Caucasian children, most of whom were also admitted because of chronic diarrhoea. This latter group was used for control data.
In the Aboriginal children there was a generalised and marked increase in oral-type and faecal-type aerobes isolated from small-intestinal contents. Anaerobes were isolated only rarely in patients and controls.
It is suggested that unsuspected bacterial contamination of the small bowel contributes to the common problem of malabsorption and malnutrition in Australian Aboriginal children.     

紫草油油膏与凡士林油纱条用于痔疮换药的研究

目的探讨紫草油油膏与传统的凡士林油纱条用于痔疮换药的疗效。方法将痔疮手术后病人随机分为实验组和对照组两组各66例,实验组在常规治疗的基础上,对手术后的病人每次解完大便常规温盐水坐浴后采取用紫草油油膏换药。对照组只采用老方法病人每次解完大便常规温盐水坐浴后用凡士林油膏换药。研究两组伤口换药的效果。结果治疗组伤口水肿指数（0.28±0.10）,伤口愈合时间（12.4±2.7）d。对照组伤口水肿指数（1.13±0.52）,愈合时间（20.4±3.4）d。两组比较有显著的差异。结论紫草油油膏用于痔疮手术后病人的换药可有效的减轻水肿和促进病人伤口愈合的作用,减轻病人的痛苦。     

Nitroglycerin Ointment Effective for Seven Hours in Severe Angina Pectoris

ABSTRACT The efficacy and tolerability of nitroglycerin (NTG) ointment were studied in 80 male patients with severe angina pectoris. Two symptom-limited exercise tests were performed on successive days after application of an ointment containing 15 mg NTG or a placebo (P) ointment. The patients were assigned to 4 groups. The study was conducted in a double-blind, cross-over manner. The total amount of work performed was higher in all groups on NTG (46–70%) compared to P ointment. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) at all points of time from 0.5 to 7 hours. The ST segment depression in ECG at the end of the exercise test was slightly greater on P than on NTG, but the difference was statistically significant only in the 3-hour group (p<0.01). The frequencies of headache and dizziness were 35% and 16%, respectively, on NTG. Eight patients (10%) reported that headache was severe enough to prevent regular use of NTG ointment. NTG ointment is effective, has a long duration of action and is relatively well tolerated by patients with severe angina pectoris.