PEBP4 gene expression and its significance in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

The goal of this study was to investigate the function of phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 (PEBP4) in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PEBP4 mRNA and protein expression in 56 cases of NSCLC tissues were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot, and the relationship between PEBP4 expression and invasion and metastasis of NSCLC was analyzed. The change in the invasive ability of human NSCLC cell line HCC827 was observed after knocking down PEBP4 expression using RNA interference. PEBP4 mRNA and protein expression in cancer tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). PEBP4 expression significantly decreased in HCC827 cells after transfection with PEBP4 siRNA (p < 0.01), and the number of HCC827 cells that migrated through Transwell chambers was significantly lower than that of non-transfected control and transfected control cells (p < 0.01). PEBP4 over-expression may promote the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC.     

Overexpression of SASH1 related to the decreased invasion ability of human glioma U251 cells

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of SAM- and SH3-domain containing 1 (SASH1) on the biological behavior of glioma cells, including its effects on cellular growth, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis, and thereby to provide an experimental basis for future therapeutic treatments. A pcDNA3.1-SASH1 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and transfected into the U251 human glioma cell line. Using the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay, flow cytometry analyses, transwell invasion chamber experiments, and other methods, we examined the impact of SASH1 on the biological behaviors of U251 cells, including effects on viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, and invasion. Furthermore, the effect of SASH1 on the expression of cyclin D1, caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and other proteins was observed. Compared to the empty vector and blank control groups, the pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group of U251 cells exhibited significantly reduced cell viability, proliferation, and invasion (p?<?0.05), although there was no difference between the empty vector and blank control groups. The pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group demonstrated a significantly higher apoptotic index than did the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05), and the percentage of apoptotic cells was similar between the empty vector and blank control groups. In addition, the pcDNA3.1-SASH1 group expressed significantly lower protein levels of cyclin D1 and MMP-2/9 compared to the control and empty vector groups (p?<?0.05) and significantly higher protein levels of caspase-3 than the other two groups (p?<?0.05). Cyclin D1, caspase-3, and MMP-2/9 expression was unchanged between the empty vector and blank control groups. SASH1 gene expression might be related to the inhibition of the growth, proliferation, and invasion of U251 cells and the promotion of U251 cells apoptosis.     

The expression of BTG1 is downregulated in NSCLC and possibly associated with tumor metastasis

This study aimed to analyze the expression, clinical significance of B cell translocation gene 1 (BTG1) in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the biological effect in its cell line by BTG1 overexpression. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to analyze BTG1 protein expression in 82 cases of NSCLC and 38 cases of normal tissues to study the relationship between BTG1 expression and clinical factors. Recombinant lentiviral vector was constructed to overexpress EMP-1 and then infect NSCLC H1299 cell line. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA level and protein of BTG1. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol -2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, cell apoptosis, cell cycles, and migration and invasion assays were also conducted as to the influence of the upregulated expression of BTG1 that might be found on H1299 cells biological effect. The level of BTG1 protein expression was found to be significantly lower in NSCLC tissue than normal tissues (P?<?0.05). Decreased expression of BTG1 was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinic stage, and histological grade of patients with NSCLC (P?<?0.05). Meanwhile, loss of BTG1 expression correlated significantly with poor overall survival time by Kaplan–Meier analysis (P?<?0.05). The result of biological function show that H1299 cell transfected BTG1 had a lower survival fraction; higher percentage of the G0/G1 phases; higher cell apoptosis; significant decrease in migration and invasion; and lower CyclinD1, Bcl-2, and MMP-9 protein expression compared with H1299 cell untransfected BTG1 (P?<?0.05). BTG1 expression decreased in NSCLC and correlated significantly with lymph node metastasis; clinical stage; histological grade; poor overall survival; cell proliferation; cell cycles; cell apoptosis; and migration and invasion in NSCLC cell by regulating CyclinD1, Bcl-2, and MMP-9 protein expression, suggesting that BTG1 may play important roles as a negative regulator to NSCLC cell.     

BTG2 inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of B cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of triple-negative breast cancer and to provide an experimental basis for the future treatment of human triple-negative breast cancer. A pcDNA3.1-BTG2 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and transfected into the MDA-MB-231 human triple-negative breast cancer cell line using lipofection. Then, relevant changes in the biological characteristics of the BTG2-expressing cell line were analyzed using MTT (tetrazolium blue), flow cytometry, and Transwell invasion chamber assays. Additionally, the effects of BTG2 expression on cyclin D1, caspase 3, and matrix metalloproteinases 1/2 (MMP-1/-2) expression were analyzed. Cell proliferation was significantly lower in the pcDNA3.1-BTG2-transfected group compared to the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05). There was no significant difference between the empty vector and blank control groups. FCM results demonstrated that there were significantly more cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and fewer S phase cells in the pcDNA3.1-BTG2 group than in the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05). Additionally, the proportion of cells that migrated across the membrane was significantly lower in the pcDNA3.1-BTG2 group than in the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05). Cyclin D1 and MMP-1/-2 expression were significantly lower in MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1-BTG2 as compared to the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05). Caspase 3 expression was significantly higher in MDA-MB-231 cells from the pcDNA3.1-BTG2 group compared to the empty vector and blank control groups (p?<?0.05). In conclusion, BTG2 may inhibit MDA-MB-231 proliferation and promote apoptosis. Additionally, BTG2 may also inhibit the invasion of MDA-MB-231 human triple-negative breast cancer cells.     

Numblike regulates proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of lung cancer cell

Numblike (Numbl), a conserved homolog of Drosophila Numb, has been proved to be implicated in early development of the nervous system. A recent study also showed that Numbl played an important role in tumorigenesis and invasion by suppressing NF-κB activation. However, the biological role of Numbl remains unknown in lung cancer up to now. To address the expression of Numbl in the lung cancer cell, four lung cancer cell lines (metastatic cell lines NCI-H292, 95-D, and non-metastatic cell lines A549, HCC827) and non-cancerous human bronchial epithelial cells were used to detect the protein expression of Numbl by western blotting. The results in this study indicated that the expression of Numbl was downregulated in human lung cancer cell lines, especially in metastatic cell lines. To investigate the role of Numbl in lung cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion, we generated human lung cancer 95-D cell lines in which Numbl was either overexpressed or depleted. Subsequently, the effects of Numbl on the cell viability, cycle, apoptosis, and invasion properties in 95-D cells were determined with MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, flow cytometry analysis, and Transwell invasion assays. The results indicated that Numbl could decrease cell viability, suppress cell proliferation and invasion, and promote cell apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the effects of Numbl on the expression of the following proteins: TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6), p-p65 (phosphor-NF-κB), cyclin D1, caspase-3, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Results showed that Numbl could decrease the expression of TRAF6, p-p65, cyclin D1, and MMP9 and increase the expression of caspase-3. All these results suggested that Numbl might be involved in the inhibition of growth, proliferation, and invasion of 95-D cells, as well as the potentiation of apoptosis of 95-D cells by abrogating TRAF6-induced activation of NF-κB.     

PAGE5对非小细胞肺癌细胞生长、凋亡和侵袭能力的影响

目的：探讨前列腺相关基因5（PAGE5）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达及其对肺癌细胞生物学行为的影响。方法：采用实时定量PCR和Western blot方法检测37例NSCLC及其癌旁组织中PAGE5的表达;采用MTT法、流式细胞术、Transwell以及Western blot法检测转染PAGE5 siRNA对A549和H1299细胞生长、凋亡、侵袭以及Bax、Bcl－2和MMP－2表达的影响。结果：在37．84％（14／37）的肺癌组织样本中PAGE5基因表达上调。转染PAGE5 siRNA的A549和H1299细胞生长无明显变化、细胞凋亡显著增加、侵袭能力显著下降（P＜0．05）,Bax蛋白表达显著上调,Bcl－2和MMP－2蛋白表达显著下调（P＜0．05）。结论：PAGE5可能通过调控Bax、Bcl－2及MMP－2蛋白的表达影响NSCLC细胞的生长、凋亡与侵袭,有望成为肺癌诊断标志物及潜在的治疗靶点。     

GATA4基因甲基化及GATA4对非小细胞肺癌生长的影响及其作用机制

目的 探讨GATA4在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）组织中的甲基化状态和GATA4对NSCLC细胞生长的作用及其可能机制。方法 收集2017年7月—2018年6月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院接受肺癌根治术的78例NSCLC患者癌组织及其癌旁组织标本,以及人肺癌细胞株A549、HCC827、NCI-H1299和人正常肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B,用MSP和qMSP检测GATA4基因甲基化状态,RT-PCR和Western blot检测GATA4表达。将sh-GATA4-1（sh-GATA4组）、sh-NC、GATA4过表达载体（pLV-GATA4组）及其空载体对照慢病毒液（pLV-NC组）分别转染至肺癌A549细胞中,同时设置空白对照组（Blank组）,用Western blot检测GATA4、p-ERK、ERK、p-p38和p38蛋白表达,CCK-8试剂盒检测细胞活力,细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡。结果 NSCLC组织中GATA4基因甲基化率以及p-ERK、p-p38和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平均高于癌旁组织（P＜0.001）,GATA4 mRNA表达、GATA4和Bax蛋白表达均低于癌旁组织（P＜0.001）。GATA4基因甲基化程度与p-ERK、p-p38和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平呈正相关（P＜0.05）;与GATA4 mRNA表达水平,GATA4、Bax蛋白表达水平呈负相关（P＜0.05）。NSCLC细胞中GATA4呈甲基化状态,人正常肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B表现为去甲基化状态,GATA4 mRNA和蛋白表达低于BEAS-2B细胞（P＜0.01）。与pLV-NC组比较,pLV-GATA4组细胞中GATA4 mRNA和蛋白表达水平、细胞凋亡率升高（P＜0.001）,细胞活力、细胞克隆数、p-ERK/ERK和p-p38/p38蛋白表达水平降低（P＜0.05）;sh-GATA4组细胞中GATA4 mRNA、蛋白表达和细胞凋亡率低于sh-NC组（P＜0.001）,细胞活力、细胞克隆数、p-ERK/ERK和p-p38/p38蛋白表达高于sh-NC组（P＜0.05）。结论 GATA4基因在非小细胞肺癌中呈高甲基化状态并诱导GATA4基因表达降低,GATA4过表达可抑制肺癌细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡,可能通过调控MAPK通路实现。     

TOP2A在非小细胞肺癌中的高表达促进肿瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭能力

目的:探讨编码拓扑异构酶Ⅱα的基因TOP2A在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达情况及其生物学功能。方法:采用荧光定量PCR方法检测102例非小细胞肺癌及其癌旁组织中TOP2A的mRNA表达水平,Western blot检测其中5对组织中TOP2A蛋白表达水平,分析TOP2A 表达与非小细胞肺癌主要临床病理特征的相关性。干扰非小细胞肺癌细胞株A549和HCC827中TOP2A的表达,MTT法检测其表达对肿瘤细胞增殖的影响,Transwell法检测TOP2A表达下调对肿瘤细胞侵袭能力的影响。应用流式细胞术检测TOP2A敲降后细胞的凋亡率和细胞周期。结果:TOP2A在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达水平相较癌旁组织明显上升（P<0.05）,干扰TOP2A的表达会抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖和侵袭。流式细胞凋亡率实验结果显示转染siTOP2A后的非小细胞肺癌细胞早期凋亡率增加;流式周期分析显示siTOP2A转染后的细胞S期发生阻滞抑制细胞增殖。同时,TOP2A表达水平与非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移密切相关（P<0.05）。结论:TOP2A在非小细胞肺癌中表达上调,与肿瘤增殖和侵袭等生物学行为密切相关。     

Knockdown of HMGB1 improves apoptosis and suppresses proliferation and invasion of glioma cells

Background

The purposes of this study were to explore the effects of high mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) gene on the growth, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis of glioma cells, with an attempt to provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of glioma.

Methods

The expressions of HMGB1 in glioma cells (U251, U-87MG and LN-18) and one control cell line (SVG p12) were detected by real time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Then, the effects of HMGB1 on the biological behaviors of glioma cells were detected: the expression of HMGB1 in human glioma cell lines U251 and U-87MG were suppressed using RNAi technique, then the influences of HMGB1 on the viability, cycle, apoptosis, and invasion abilities of U251 and U-87MG cells were analyzed using in a Transwell invasion chamber. Also, the effects of HMGB1 on the expressions of cyclin D1, Bax, Bcl-2, and MMP 9 were detected.

Results

As shown by real-time PCR and Western blotting, the expression of HMGB1 significantly increased in glioma cells (U251, U-87MG, and LN-18) in comparison with the control cell line (SVG p12); the vitality, proliferation and invasive capabilities of U251 and U-87MG cells in the HMGB1 siRNA-transfected group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group and negative control (NC) siRNA group (P<0.05) but showed no significant difference between the blank control group and NC siRNA group. The percentage of apoptotic U251 and U-87MG cells was significantly higher in the HMGB1 siRNA-transfected group than in the blank control group and NC siRNA group (P<0.05) but was similar between the latter two groups. The HMGB1 siRNA-transfected group had significantly lower expression levels of Cyclin D1, Bcl-2, and MMP-9 protein in U251 and U-87MG cells and significantly higher expression of Bax protein than in the blank control group and NC siRNA group (P<0.05); the expression profiles of cyclin D1, Bax, Bcl-2, and MMP 9 showed no significant change in both blank control group and NC siRNA group.

Conclusions

HMGB1 gene may promote the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and suppress its effects of apoptosis. Inhibition of the expression of HMGB1 gene can suppress the proliferation and migration of glioma cells and promote their apoptosis. Our observations provided a new target for intervention and treatment of glioma.     

甘草酸通过调控miR-142/ZEB1 分子轴影响非小细胞肺癌HCC827 和A549 细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的：探讨甘草酸（GA）通过调控miR-142/锌指E 盒结合的同源盒蛋白1（ZEB1）分子轴对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）HCC827 和A549 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响。方法：HCC827 和A549 细胞培养和转染完成后,分成4 组：NC组（未经转染+3mmol/L GA）、miR-142 inhibitor 组（敲降miR-142+3 mmol/L GA）、pcDNA3.1-ZEB1 组（过表达ZEB1+3 mmol/L GA）和pcDNA3.1-ZEB1+miR-142 mimic 组（过表达ZEB1 及miR-142+3 mmol/L GA）。采用qPCR检测不同浓度GA处理后HCC827 和A549 细胞中miR-142 的表达水平,WB实验检测HCC827 和A549 细胞中ZEB1 蛋白的表达水平,采用MTT和Transwell 检测HCC827 和A549细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移能力,采用双荧光素酶报告基因检测miR-142 与ZEB1 的靶向关系。结果：GA显著抑制HCC827 和A549 细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移,且显著上调miR-142 的表达水平（P<0.05 或P<0.01）;miR-142 通过靶向结合ZEB1 的3''-UTR 区域下调ZEB1 的表达水平（P<0.05 或P<0.01）;进一步实验证实,GA通过上调miR-142 抑制ZEB1 的表达水平,进而抑制HCC827 和A549 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移（P<0.05 或P<0.01）。结论：GA能够抑制NSCLC HCC827 和A549 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移,其机制为GA通过上调miR-142对ZEB1 的抑制作用,从而抑制HCC827和A549 细胞的恶性生物学行为。     

畸胎瘤细胞源性生长因子反义核酸载体对高度恶性人卵巢癌细胞增殖和侵袭的抑制效应及相关机制

目的 观察畸胎瘤细胞源性生长因子(PCDGF)反义核酸载体对高度恶性人卵巢癌细胞株Sw626和A2780增殖和侵袭的抑制效应,并初步探讨其相关机制.方法 采用二苯基溴化四氮唑蓝(MTT)法和Boyden小窒体外侵袭实验,检测PCDGF反义RNA真核表达载体对Sw626和A2780细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响.采用Western blot技术,检测转染PCDGF反义RNA真核表达载体前后Sw626细胞cyclin D1和CDK4蛋自表达的变化.采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和明胶酶谱法,分析PCDGF反义RNA真核表达载体对Sw626细胞基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP-2)表达和活性的影响.结果 与空白对照组相比,PCDGF反义核酸载体转染组Sw626和A2780细胞的增殖抑制率分别为72.9%和70.9%,侵袭能力分别被抑制了62.9%和59.0%.转染组Sw626细胞cyclin D1和CDK4蛋白的表达水平分别为0.38±0.08和0.37±0.13,明显低于空白对照组(0.84±0.11和0.64±0.11,P<0.01).与空白对照组(0.89±0.09)相比,转染组Sw626细胞MMP-2 mRNA的表达水平(0.66±0.11)虽未见降低(P>0.05),但MMP-2酶原的活性被叨显抑制.结论 PCDGF反义核酸可显著抑制高度恶性人卵巢癌细胞株Sw626和A2780的增殖和侵袭能力,并逆转其部分恶性表型,这可能与其能下调cyclin D1和CDK4蛋白的表达并抑制MMP-2酶原的活性有关;PCDGF可以作为卵巢癌治疗的新靶点.     

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) suppressed cyclin D1 expression and hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory and immunoregulatory chemokine, plays important roles in cancer-related biological processes. However, few studies have focused on the clinical relevance of MIF and cyclin D1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCCs). In this study, MIF and cyclin D1 expression levels in HCC tissues and cell lines were significantly upregulated compared with adjacent normal tissues or a normal liver cell line. In HCC specimens, MIF expression positively correlated with cyclin D1 expression. Additionally, MIF and cyclin D1 expression positively correlated with tumor size. MIF knockdown inhibited the proliferation of PLC and HepG2 cells and promoted apoptosis. However, small interfering RNA (siRNA) against MIF did not influence the cell cycle in these cells. In an in vivo xenograft model, MIF knockdown reduced the tumor growth rate. The expression levels of Bcl-2, p-caspase-3, BIM and Bax were upregulated, while the expression levels of cyclin D1, p-Akt and p-ERK were downregulated in MIF-knockdown cells. These findings indicate that MIF siRNA reduces proliferation and increases apoptosis in HCC cells. MIF knockdown inhibits the expression of growth-related proteins and induces the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, supporting a role for MIF as a novel therapeutic target for HCC.     

Vacquinol-1对非小细胞肺癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨Vacquinol-1对非小细胞肺癌细胞系A549、NCI-H1299细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及可能机制。方法:以不同浓度的Vacquinol-1作用于A549和NCI-H1299细胞,应用CCK-8法检测其对细胞增殖能力的影响;以半数致死浓度（half maximal inhibitory concentration,IC50）作用于细胞,流式细胞术Annexin V/PI双染色法检测细胞的凋亡情况;Western blotting法检查凋亡相关蛋白Caspase-3、Bcl-2和Bax表达的变化情况。结果:CCK-8结果显示Vacquinol-1能显著抑制A549、NCI-H1299细胞的增殖能力;并且流式细胞术检测结果显示Vacquinol-1能诱导A549、NCI-H1299细胞的凋亡;Western blotting结果显示Vacquinol-1促进A549、NCI-H1299细胞Caspase-3、Bax的表达,抑制Bcl-2的表达。结论:Vacquinol-1能够抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的增殖,并且通过激活线粒体通路诱导细胞凋亡。     

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth and migration through downregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Previous studies have suggested that abnormal expression of BMP-4, BMP-7, and BMP-9 is correlated with tumor progression in HCC, but the role played by BMP-2 in HCC has not yet been reported. To determine the role of BMP-2 in HCC, we first investigated the effect of exogenous BMP-2 on the growth of the cell lines HCC SK-Hep-1, Hep G2, and Hep 3B. Next, we studied the function of BMP-2 in SK-Hep-1 HCC cell line using a recombinant lentivirus vector to deliver BMP-2. We also used siRNA to silence endogenous BMP-2 expression in the HCC Hep 3B cell line. Then, cell growth and migration were assayed in vitro using WST-8, wound-healing, and transwell invasion assays. Cellular apoptosis and cell-cycle distribution were assessed using flow cytometry. We also investigated the effects of BMP-2 overexpression and knockdown on the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2), phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), phosphoinositide 3-kinase p85α (PI3Kp85α), Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, p21, and cyclin E. As a result, we observed that BMP-2 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells. Furthermore, HCC cell proliferation and migration were significantly diminished by BMP-2 overexpression, as was indicated by WST-8, would healing, and transwell assays, while knockdown of BMP-2 led to an increase in proliferation and migration of Hep 3B cells. BMP-2 overexpression significantly increased the susceptibility of SK-Hep-1 cells to low-serum-induced apoptosis, while BMP-2 knockdown reduced the susceptibility of Hep 3B cells. Overexpression of BMP-2 induced G1 phase arrest through upregulation of p21. When BMP-2 expression was elevated in SK-Hep-1 cells, the expression of PI3Kp85α, p-AKT, PCNA, and MMP-2 declined. These results suggest that BMP-2 exerts an inhibitory effect on the growth and migration of HCC cells, possibly via a blockade of PI3K/AKT signaling.     

非小细胞肺癌中ARL4C的表达及其在EGFR-TKI耐药中的作用

目的 探讨非小细胞肺癌中ARL4C的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系以及在EGFR-TKI耐药中的作用。方法 收集63例NSCLC患者的癌组织和癌旁组织,qRT-PCR法检测ARL4C的表达并分析其与临床病理特征之间的关系。qRTPCR和Western blot法检测ARL4C在各细胞株中的表达,MTS检测细胞活性及IC50的变化,Transwell侵袭实验检测ARL4C表达变化对细胞侵袭能力的影响。结果 非小细胞肺癌组织中ARL4C表达水平低于癌旁组织（P<0.05）,其表达水平与淋巴结转移、TNM分期和肺膜侵犯密切相关（P<0.05）。TKI耐药细胞株HCC827/ER中ARL4C在mRNA以及蛋白表达水平相较对照细胞株HCC827显著下调（P<0.05）;ARL4C过表达细胞株HCC827/ER/ARL4C-OEIC50显著下降（P<0.05）,Transwell分析结果显示过表达ARL4C后肺癌细胞的侵袭能力受到抑制（P<0.05）。结论 ARL4C异常表达与非小细胞肺癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期和肺膜侵犯密切相关。过表达ARL4C能提高非小细胞肺癌细胞对EGFR-TKI药物的敏感度并抑制非小细胞肺癌细胞的侵袭能力。     

Inhibition of mitochondrial glutaminase activity reverses acquired erlotinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) erlotinib has been approved based on the clinical benefit in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients over the past decade. Unfortunately, cancer cells become resistant to this agent via various mechanisms, and this limits the improvement in patient outcomes. Thus, it is urgent to develop novel agents to overcome erlotinib resistance. Here, we propose a novel strategy to overcome acquired erlotinib resistance in NSCLC by inhibiting glutaminase activity. Compound 968, an inhibitor of the glutaminase C (GAC), when combined with erlotinib potently inhibited the cell proliferation of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells HCC827ER and NCI-H1975. The combination of compound 968 and erlotinib not only decreased GAC and EGFR protein expression but also inhibited GAC activity in HCC827ER cells. The growth of erlotinib-resistant cells was glutamine-dependent as proved by GAC gene knocked down and rescue experiment. More importantly, compound 968 combined with erlotinib down-regulated the glutamine and glycolysis metabolism in erlotinib-resistant cells. Taken together, our study provides a valuable approach to overcome acquired erlotinib resistance by blocking glutamine metabolism and suggests that combination of EGFR-TKI and GAC inhibitor maybe a potential treatment strategy for acquired erlotinib-resistant NSCLC.     

BSN-AS2竞争性结合miR-219a-5p影响NSCLC细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及凋亡

目的:探讨BSN-AS2竞争性结合miR-219a-5p调控非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的机制。方法:qRT-PCR检测BSN-AS2和miR-219a-5p在NSCLC组织和细胞系中的表达;原位杂交FISH检测BSN-AS2和miR-219a-5p的信号强度;双荧光素酶报告基因检验miR-219a-5p 靶向调控BSN-AS2;Transwell、CCK8和Tunel细胞凋亡分别检测BSN-AS2-miR-219a-5p轴对侵袭、迁移、增殖和凋亡的影响;构建NSCLC裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型进行验证BSN-AS2-miR-219a-5p轴的调控作用。结果:BSN-AS2在NSCLC组织和细胞系中高表达,miR-219a-5p为低表达,BSN-AS2竞争性结合miR-219a-5p;siBSN-AS2组抑制NCI-H520细胞侵袭、迁移和增殖,且促进细胞凋亡,而In-miR-219a-5p组促进NCI-H520细胞侵袭、迁移和增殖,抑制细胞凋亡,siBSN-AS2+In-miR-219a-5p组相比siBSN-AS2组促进了NCI-H520细胞侵袭、迁移和增殖,抑制细胞凋亡;BSN-AS2增加体内肿瘤细胞增殖和肿瘤生长,miR-219a-5p则能抑制。结论:BSN-AS2竞争性结合miR-219a-5p促进NSCLC细胞侵袭、迁移和增殖,且抑制凋亡,而干扰BSN-AS2-miR-219a-5p轴可能作为抗NSCLC的新靶点。