吗啡联合厄洛替尼对人肺腺癌HCC827细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:观察不同浓度吗啡联合厄洛替尼对HCC827细胞增殖活性及凋亡的影响。方法:不同浓度吗啡(250、500、1 000 μmol/L)和厄洛替尼(10、20、40 μmol/L)处理HCC827细胞48 h后应用MTT法检测细胞增殖活性,流式细胞术检测对照组、吗啡、厄洛替尼单独处理以及吗啡联合厄洛替尼分别作用24 h后细胞凋亡率。结果:与对照组相比,不同浓度吗啡及厄洛替尼组细胞增殖活性均明显降低,吗啡、厄洛替尼及吗啡联合厄洛替尼组细胞凋亡率均增加。结论:大剂量吗啡可以协同厄洛替尼发挥抗肿瘤作用,其机制可能与诱导细胞凋亡相关。     

miR-369靶向调节SOX4表达对骨肉瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的调控作用

目的:观察微小RNA（miRNA,miR）-369通过调节SOX4对骨肉瘤MG-63细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。方法:miR-369体外模拟物（mimics）转染,构建miR-369上调表达模型,以转染阴性对照链为对照组,CCK-8法和流式细胞技术分别检测细胞增殖率和凋亡率变化;Real-time PCR法检测SOX4 mRNA表达水平;双荧光素酶活检检测证实miR-369与SOX4相互作用关系;Western-blot法检测不同组间SOX4及Bcl-2家族相关蛋白表达水平变化。结果:miR-369 mimics转染后,MG-63细胞中miR-369表达水平较对照组明显提高(P=0.009);miR-369 mimic转染后24 h及48 h后细胞相对存活率均明显低于对照组;流式细胞仪结果显示mimic组细胞凋亡率较对照组明显提高（P=0.031）;Real-time PCR和Western blot实验分别证实miR-369 mimic转染后,SOX4在mRNA和蛋白水平表达均明显抑制;而Bcl-2家族相关蛋白表达水平发生明显变化。结论:miR-369表达上调可以抑制骨肉瘤细胞增殖并诱导凋亡,这些作用与靶向下调SOX4表达有关。     

塞来昔布联合吉非替尼对HCC827细胞凋亡影响机制探讨

目的探讨Cox-2抑制剂塞来昔布联合吉非替尼对肺癌EGFR 19号外显子E746-A750缺失细胞株HCC827细胞凋亡的影响及其可能机制。方法 RPMI1640培养HCC827细胞,分为正常对照组、塞来昔布组、吉非替尼组、塞来昔布加吉非替尼组。塞来昔布与吉非替尼药物浓度均为5、10、20、40、80μmol/L。药物干预细胞48h后,MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,蛋白质印迹法检测细胞中Cox-2和p-EGFR蛋白表达。结果 MTT结果显示,塞来昔布和吉非替尼单独用药时HCC827细胞的增殖受到明显的抑制,且随着药物浓度的增加,抑制作用逐步增强,药物剂量与细胞增殖抑制率呈正相关;塞来昔布与吉非替尼联合用药时对HCC827细胞呈现出更强的抑制作用,与单独用药相比差异有统计学意义,P<0.001;对照组细胞凋亡率为(0.26±0.09)%,塞来昔布组为(4.86±0.37)%,吉非替尼组为(8.53±0.78)%,塞来昔布+吉非替尼组为(23.28±1.63)%,组间比较差异有统计学意义,F=111.291,P<0.001,且两药联合时具有交互效应,F=90.440,P<0.001;蛋白质印记法结果显示,用药组较对照组Cox-2(F=185.351,P<0.001)和p-EGFR(F=61.328,P<0.001)蛋白水平均有不同程度的下调,其中两药联合组下调最为明显。结论塞来昔布与吉非替尼具有良好的协同作用,其机制可能与诱导凋亡、抑制EGFR的活化和下调Cox-2蛋白的表达有关,在治疗非小细胞肺癌中联合用药可能会具有较大的应用潜力。     

PEBP4 gene expression and its significance in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

The goal of this study was to investigate the function of phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 (PEBP4) in invasion and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PEBP4 mRNA and protein expression in 56 cases of NSCLC tissues were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot, and the relationship between PEBP4 expression and invasion and metastasis of NSCLC was analyzed. The change in the invasive ability of human NSCLC cell line HCC827 was observed after knocking down PEBP4 expression using RNA interference. PEBP4 mRNA and protein expression in cancer tissues of patients with lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). PEBP4 expression significantly decreased in HCC827 cells after transfection with PEBP4 siRNA (p < 0.01), and the number of HCC827 cells that migrated through Transwell chambers was significantly lower than that of non-transfected control and transfected control cells (p < 0.01). PEBP4 over-expression may promote the invasion and metastasis of NSCLC.     

Numblike regulates proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of lung cancer cell

Numblike (Numbl), a conserved homolog of Drosophila Numb, has been proved to be implicated in early development of the nervous system. A recent study also showed that Numbl played an important role in tumorigenesis and invasion by suppressing NF-κB activation. However, the biological role of Numbl remains unknown in lung cancer up to now. To address the expression of Numbl in the lung cancer cell, four lung cancer cell lines (metastatic cell lines NCI-H292, 95-D, and non-metastatic cell lines A549, HCC827) and non-cancerous human bronchial epithelial cells were used to detect the protein expression of Numbl by western blotting. The results in this study indicated that the expression of Numbl was downregulated in human lung cancer cell lines, especially in metastatic cell lines. To investigate the role of Numbl in lung cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion, we generated human lung cancer 95-D cell lines in which Numbl was either overexpressed or depleted. Subsequently, the effects of Numbl on the cell viability, cycle, apoptosis, and invasion properties in 95-D cells were determined with MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, flow cytometry analysis, and Transwell invasion assays. The results indicated that Numbl could decrease cell viability, suppress cell proliferation and invasion, and promote cell apoptosis. In addition, we investigated the effects of Numbl on the expression of the following proteins: TRAF6 (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6), p-p65 (phosphor-NF-κB), cyclin D1, caspase-3, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). Results showed that Numbl could decrease the expression of TRAF6, p-p65, cyclin D1, and MMP9 and increase the expression of caspase-3. All these results suggested that Numbl might be involved in the inhibition of growth, proliferation, and invasion of 95-D cells, as well as the potentiation of apoptosis of 95-D cells by abrogating TRAF6-induced activation of NF-κB.     

BRD4抑制剂对鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞增殖、凋亡和侵袭的影响

目的 探讨溴结构域蛋白4（BRD4）抑制剂GSK525762A对鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响。方法 0、0.1、1、10、100 μmol／L GSK525762A 处理鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞 24、48、72和96 h后,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）比色法检测细胞增殖抑制率变化,同时采用流式细胞术Annexin V-FITC／PI双染法检测不同浓度GSK525762A处理48、96 h后的CNE-2细胞凋亡情况,Transwell法检测不同浓度GSK525762A处理48、96 h后的CNE-2细胞侵袭能力,实时定量PCR检测不同浓度GSK525762A 处理48、96 h后凋亡相关基因的表达情况。结果 GSK525762A对CNE-2细胞增殖有抑制作用,增殖抑制率呈时间和浓度依赖性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;GSK525762A处理后的细胞早期、晚期及总凋亡率升高,均高于0 μmol／L,凋亡率随浓度升高而增加;穿膜细胞数均少于0 μmol／L,且随浓度升高而降低,以上差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;与0 μmol／L比较,其余各浓度的Bcl-2 mRNA水平降低,Bax mRNA、Bak mRNA水平均升高,且各浓度间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;GSK525762A各浓度处理96 h的凋亡率、穿膜细胞数及凋亡相关基因mRNA均优于48 h（P＜0.05）。结论 BRD4抑制剂GSK525762A对鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞增殖有毒性作用,可诱导CNE-2细胞凋亡,恢复凋亡相关基因的表达,并降低细胞的侵袭能力。     

小分子化合物O-565抑制胃癌细胞迁移侵袭及机制研究

目的:研究小分子化合物O-565对人胃癌细胞BGC823、MKN-45增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响及其作用机制。方法:应用MTT检测不同浓度小分子化合物O-565对胃癌细胞BGC823和MKN-45增殖能力的影响。分别用0、20、40、60μmol/L浓度的化合物O-565处理BGC823和MKN-45两种胃癌细胞,应用Transwell小室检测其对上述两种细胞迁移侵袭能力的抑制作用,Westernblot检测化合物对金属基质蛋白酶2(MMP-2)表达及丝切蛋白(Cofilin)磷酸化水平的影响。结果:化合物O-565对于BGC823和MKN-45两种胃癌细胞的增殖能力无明显影响,却能够以剂量依赖的方式抑制上述细胞的迁移和侵袭。Westernblot结果显示O-565能够下调胃癌细胞BGC823中MMP-2的表达及Cofilin的磷酸化水平。结论:化合物O-565可能通过下调细胞中MMP-2的表达及Cofilin的磷酸化水平,抑制BGC823、MKN-45胃癌细胞的迁移和侵袭。     

Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN对神经胶质瘤U87细胞增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响

目的:探讨经RGD修饰的生长抑制因子4(inhibitor of growth 4,ING4)基因与第10染色体缺失与张力蛋白同源的磷酸酶基因(phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten,PTEN)双基因共表达的腺病毒载体(Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN)体外对神经胶质瘤U87细胞的增殖、凋亡及侵袭的影响.方法:以Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN为实验组,Ad.RGD-ING4/-PTEN为单基因对照组,PBS、Ad.RGD/Ad-GFP为空白对照组,分别体外感染U87神经胶质瘤细胞.Western blotting检测目的基因ING4和PTEN在U87细胞中的表达,MTT法检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞增殖的影响,流式细胞术及Real-time PCR法检测神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因(Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3、HIF-1α)表达变化,划痕实验及Transwell实验检测实验组病毒感染对U87细胞迁移及侵袭能力的影响,Real-time PCR法检测侵袭相关基因(MMP-2、MMP-9)表达变化.结果:成功检测到ING4和PTEN仅在实验组及相应单基因对照组中表达.实验组第5天细胞抑制率可达(83.1±4.6)％、凋亡率可达(40.7±4.3)％,与单基因组及空白对照组相比差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);实验组能明显上调U87细胞中Bax、caspase-3和下调HIF-1α、Bcl-2等细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达(均P＜0.05),而且肿瘤侵袭相关分子MMP-2、MMP-9的表达也明显下调(均P＜0.05);实验组细胞迁移距离[(70.1±6.2)μm]和穿膜细胞数[(26.6±3.5)个]均明显减少,与单基因组及空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论:与单基因腺病毒相比,Ad.RGD-ING4-PTEN双基因具有更显著的抑制U87神经胶质瘤细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡,并抑制其迁移及侵袭能力.     

奥沙利铂联合替尼泊苷抑制胃癌BGC-823细胞生长和诱导凋亡的作用

目的:探讨奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin, OXA)联合替尼泊苷(teniposide, VM-26)抑制胃癌BGC-823细胞的体外生长及诱导细胞凋亡的作用.方法:应用MTT法检测不同浓度OXA和VM-26单药以及联合用药对胃癌BGC-823细胞生长的抑制作用,应用FCM检测细胞凋亡率,同时应用免疫细胞化学法检测OXA单药以及OXA联合VM-26用药对胃癌BGC-823细胞caspase-9和livin蛋白表达的影响.结果:OXA和VM-26单药均可抑制胃癌BGC-823细胞的生长,且在一定浓度范围内呈剂量依赖效应;联合用药组的细胞生长抑制率明显高于OXA和VM-26单药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),联合指数(combination index, CI)为0.46.OXA(1.250 μg/mL)单药作用于胃癌BGC-823细胞12、24和48 h后,细胞凋亡率分别为6.13%、13.86%和21.48%;VM-26(0.625 μg/mL)单药组的细胞凋亡率分别为4.60%、10.72%和17.07%;联合用药组的细胞凋亡率分别为11.73%、24.14%和44.75%.联合用药组的细胞凋亡率明显高于OXA和VM-26单药组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).免疫细胞化学结果显示,OXA(1.250 μg/mL)单用以及联合VM-26(0.750 μg/mL)作用于胃癌BGC-823细胞48 h后,凋亡相关基因caspase-9蛋白的阳性表达率均增加,而livin蛋白的阳性表达率均下降;各用药组之间以及用药组与对照组(未用药)之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:OXA联合VM-26用药在抑制胃癌BGC-823细胞的生长和诱导细胞凋亡方面具有协同作用.     

肝癌组织中EGFL9基因的表达及其对Huh-7肝癌细胞系增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响

目的:研究表皮生长因子样结构域9（epiderma growth factor-like domain 9,EGFL9）基因在肝癌组织及细胞系中的表达水平及其对Huh-7肝癌细胞系增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响。方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR,RT-qPCR）方法检测EGFL9基因在20例肝癌及对应的癌旁肝组织标本中的表达水平。下载癌症基因组图谱（The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA）数据库内肝癌基因表达数据,对EGFL9在肝癌中的表达进行分析。RT-qPCR检测EGFL9基因在Huh-7、SMMC-7721及HepG2三种常见的肝癌细胞系和HL-7702正常肝脏细胞系中的表达水平。采用慢病毒介导的siRNA及基因转导技术分别构建EGFL9基因敲减及过表达的Huh-7肝癌细胞,以噻唑蓝（methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium,MTT）法、Transwell侵袭实验和迁移实验观察EGFL9基因敲减及过表达对Huh-7肝癌细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响。结果:RT-qPCR结果显示,EGFL9基因在20例肝癌组织中的表达量高于对应的癌旁组织。TCGA数据库分析结果也显示,EGFL9在肝癌组织中的平均表达量明显高于癌旁组织。EGFL9在3株肝癌细胞系中的表达水平均高于正常肝脏细胞系。EGFL9基因敲减的Huh-7肝癌细胞的增殖速度明显慢于对照Huh-7肝癌细胞,其侵袭、迁移能力也明显被抑制;EGFL9基因过表达的Huh-7肝癌细胞实验结果则与之相反。结论:EGFL9在肝癌组织和细胞中的表达水平明显上调,且可促进肝癌细胞的增殖、侵袭及迁移能力,提示EGFL9可能是一个潜在的肝癌治疗靶点。     

MicroRNA 181a improves proliferation and invasion, suppresses apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell

MicroRNA 181a (miR-181a) was found dysregulated in a variety of human cancers and significantly associated with clinical outcome of cancer patients. However, the direct role of miR-181a has not yet been characterized in osteosarcoma progression. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of miR-181a on osteosarcoma cell biological behavior. First, the expression of miR-181a in osteosarcoma cell lines (MG63, HOS, SaOS-2, and U2OS) and a human osteoblastic cell line (hFOB1.19) was detected by qRT-PCR. Results showed that miR-181a was overexpressed in osteosarcoma cell lines compared to human osteoblastic cell line (hFOB1.19). To investigate the effects of miR-181a on proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells, we generated human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in which miR-181a was either overexpressed or depleted. The MG63 cell viability, cycle, apoptosis, and invasive ability were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide staining, propidium iodide (PI) staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, and Transwell invasion experiment, respectively. The results showed that MG63 cell viability, proliferation, and invasive abilities were suppressed, and the apoptosis was enhanced in the group with underexpression of miR-181a. The viability, proliferation, and invasive abilities were improved, and the apoptosis was inhibited in the group with overexpression of miR-181a. The results from Western blotting indicated that miR-181a might be associated with the up-regulation of bcl-2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 and the down-regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 and p21 in MG63 cells. Taken together, our results suggested that miR-181a might facilitate proliferation and invasion and suppress apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells, which might be a potential target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.     

PKD1 negatively regulates cell invasion, migration and proliferation ability of human osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignancy of the bone, with a tendency to metastasize early. Despite intensive chemotherapy and surgical resection, more than 30% of patients develop distant metastases, and the prognosis of patients with metastases is essentially poor. Members of the protein kinase D (PKD) family are serine/threonine kinases, and have been studied in various cancers. Among the three different isoforms of this family, PKD1 is one of the best understood for its role in human malignancies; however, its role in musculoskeletal tumors has not been studied. In the present study, we investigated the role of PKD1 in human OS. We first analyzed PKD1 mRNA expression in human musculoskeletal tumor tissue samples by quantitative real-time PCR. PKD1 expression in OS samples was significantly lower than that in benign schwannoma samples, and this was correlated with metastatic potential. In in vitro studies, overexpression of PKD1 by plasmid transfection decreased OS cell invasion, migration and proliferation, and significantly decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 mRNA expression. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of PKD1 increased invasion, migration and proliferation of OS cells, and MMP2 expression was markedly increased. Furthermore, overexpression of PKD1 significantly reduced in vivo tumor growth of OS cells. These results demonstrated that low expression of PKD1 may contribute to increased cell invasion, migration and proliferation ability of human OS. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that PKD1 may negatively regulate the malignant potential of human OS, and may be a therapeutic target for human OS in the clinical setting.     

Tumor cell invasion inhibited by TIMP-2.

The 72-kd type IV collagenase is a member of the collagenase enzyme family that has been closely linked with the invasive phenotype of cancer cells. Previous studies have shown that both normal cells and highly invasive tumor cells produce the 72-kd type IV procollagenase enzyme in a complexed form consisting of the proenzyme and a novel tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, TIMP-2. The balance between activated enzyme and available inhibitor is thought to be a critical determinant of the matrix proteolysis associated with a variety of pathologic processes, including tumor cell invasion. In the present study, we demonstrate that alteration of the metalloproteinase-metalloproteinase-inhibitor balance in favor of excess inhibitor blocks human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 tumor cell invasion of a reconstituted basement membrane. The HT-1080 cell line produces both the 72-kd and the 92-kd type IV collagenases. Alteration of the type IV collagenase-inhibitor balance was achieved by addition of free TIMP-2 or antibodies to 72-kd type IV collagenase. Native, purified TIMP-2 was inhibitory in the range of 1-25 micrograms/mL. Addition of specific antiserum against the 72-kd type IV collagenase, which did not cross-react with the 92-kd type IV collagenase, inhibited HT-1080 cell invasion to the same extent. These results suggest that metalloproteinases, in particular the 72-kd type IV collagenase, are critical for tumor cell invasion of the reconstituted basement membrane. Our findings demonstrate that addition of the endogenous inhibitor TIMP-2 is able to block invasion. Thus, we recommend initiation of in vivo studies of the therapeutic potential of TIMP-2 to block tumor cell invasion and intravasation into the circulation.     

iNOS和HO-1与肝癌的细胞增殖和凋亡的关系

目的:探讨原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)中,诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitricoxide synthase,iNOS)和血红素氧合酶-1(heme oxygneaseⅠ,HO-1)的表达情况及其与肝癌细胞增殖和凋亡的关系。方法:采用免疫组化S-P法检测56例HCC石腊组织标本和17例尸检正常肝标本中iNOS和HO-1的表达,同时检测以Ki67标记的细胞核增殖指数(proliferation index,PI)、抗凋亡基因BCL-2蛋白的表达,半定量评分系统评价染色结果。结果:肝癌组织中的iNOS、HO-1、抗凋亡基因BCL-2蛋白表达率分别为:83.3%、89.3%、71.4%,细胞核增殖指数为30.56±3.96%,上述各值均显著高于正常肝组织(P<0.01)。iNOS表达与细胞核增殖指数呈正相关,iNOS和HO-1的表达与抗凋亡基因BCL-2蛋白呈正相关(r=0.537,P<0.01和r=0.386,P<0.01)。结论:iNOS和HO-1的表达在促进HCC增殖和抑制HCC凋亡中发挥重要作用,有利于HCC生长。     

Upregulated miRNA-622 inhibited cell proliferation,motility, and invasion via repressing Kirsten rat sarcoma in glioblastoma

Tumor Biology - Glioblastoma has been reported as one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, and some factors including oncogenic genes and environments are involved in tumorigenesis....     

Expression of PEBP4 protein correlates with the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer

This study aimed to investigate the expression of PEBP4 protein in colorectal carcinoma tissues and its correlation with the clinical pathology of colorectal cancer and to investigate the relationship between PEBP4 expression and the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells, which could provide an experimental basis for future biological treatments of human colorectal cancer. RT-PCR and western blot methods were applied to detect the mRNA and protein expressions, respectively, of PEBP4 in colorectal cancer tissues and normal pericarcinoma tissues, and their correlations with the tumorigenesis and development of colorectal cancer, as well as its clinical pathology, were analyzed. Using the RNA interference technology, the expression of PEBP4 was knocked down in the human colorectal cancer cell HCT116, and the changes of the invasion capability of HCT116 were monitored. The positive mRNA expression rate of PEBP4 in colorectal cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal pericarcinoma tissue (p < 0.05). Also, the positive expression rate in the cancer tissues from patients with positive lymph node and distant metastasis was significantly higher than that from the patients negative for lymph node and distant metastasis (p < 0.05). The positive expression rate of PEBP4 in the cancer tissues from the patients in early stages (I, II) was significantly lower than the expression rate in patients in advanced stages (III, IV) (p < 0.05). A lower degree of differentiation in colorectal cancer corresponded to a higher positive mRNA expression rate of PEBP4 (p < 0.05). However, this was independent of the patient’s gender, age, and tumor size (p > 0.05). In colorectal cancer tissue, the expression of PEBP4 protein was consistent with its mRNA. Namely, PEBP4 protein expression in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in the normal pericarcinoma tissues (p < 0.05), the expression in the cancer tissues from the patients with positive lymph node and distant metastasis was significantly higher than that from the patients who were negative for these metastases (p < 0.05), and a lower degree of differentiation in colorectal cancer corresponded to a higher TNM staging along with a higher PEBP4 protein expression (p < 0.05). After HCT116 cells transfected with PEBP4 siRNA, they showed a significantly lower expression level of PEBP4 protein (p < 0.05), and the number of cells that passed through the Transwell chamber was significantly lower compared to the non-transfected or the transfected controls (p < 0.05). The over-expression of PEBP4 protein may be related to the tumorigenesis, development, metastasis, and invasion of colorectal cancer.