顽固性溃疡性结肠炎的外科治疗

目的 评价顽固性溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)患者采用全结直肠切除、回肠贮袋肛管吻合手术(ileal pouch-anal anastomosis,IPAA)治疗的临床效果和应用价值.方法 对1990—2010年60例符合手术指征的顽固性UC患者行IPAA治疗,观察分析其术后近期、远期并发症,评价肛门自制功能及术后粪便性状分类,采用克利夫兰生活质量量表(Clevend Global Quality of Life index,CGQL)进行手术前后生活质量评估对比,采用单因素方差方法进行统计分析.结果 60例术后随访均2年以上.术后近期并发症发生率为15％ (9/60),包括腹腔、盆腔感染、贮袋吻合口漏、贮袋出血、贮袋阴道瘘和肠梗阻等,远期并发症发生率12％(7/60),包括贮袋炎、肠梗阻和男性性功能障碍等.术后12个月的24 h和夜间大便次数分别为(3.5±1.3)次和(1.4±0.6)次.气便分辨能力良好者93％(56/60),需要日常戴垫者3％(2/60).Kirwan分级评价肛门自制功能结果为Ⅰ级者54例(90％),Ⅱ级者4例(7％),Ⅲ级者2例(3％).Bristol粪便分类评价结果为Ⅳ类者31例(52％),V类者25例(42％),Ⅵ类者4例(6％).CGQL量表法评价IPAA手术前后生活质量,术后较术前明显改善(F=12.368,P＜0.05).结论 顽固性UC具备外科治疗指征,IPAA是首选术式,临床应用安全,疗效满意,生活质量明显改善.     

赋能干预对溃疡性结肠炎术后疗效影响研究

目的 探讨赋能干预对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）病人全结直肠切除回肠贮袋肛管吻合术（IPAA）后肛门功能及生活质量影响。方法 选取2010年1月至2014年9月天津医科大学总医院普外科收治的行IPAA的UC病人60例,采用随机数字表法将病人分为干预组（30例）和对照组（30例）,分别接受赋能干预和传统健康指导。干预6个月后,以24 h和夜间便次及Kirwan分级评价术后肛门自制功能,Bristol粪便分类法评定粪便性状;于干预前及干预6个月后,采用血浆中血清总蛋白（TP）、前白蛋白（PA）、白蛋白（ALB）及转铁蛋白（TRF）的水平评估病人的营养状况,采用IBDQ问卷评估生活质量。结果 赋能6个月后,干预组病人24 h和夜间便次均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义［24 h：（4.3±1.5）次 vs. （5.9±2.4）次;夜间：（1.6±0.7）次 vs. （2.3±1.3）次,均P<0.05］。干预组Kirwan 分级Ⅰ级21例、Ⅱ级7例、Ⅲ级2例,对照组Ⅰ级14例、Ⅱ级12例、Ⅲ级4例,差异无统计学意义（χ2=3.380,P>0.05）。干预组病人Bristol大便分类4类20例、5类6例、6类4例,对照组4类11例、5类17例、6类2例,差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.540,P<0.05）。营养状况方面,干预组病人ALB水平高于对照组［（47.4±5.8）g/L vs. （43.3±6.5）g/L,P<0.05）］;IBDQ问卷得分方面,干预组在肠道症状、全身症状等维度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 赋能干预可以改善UC病人IPAA后肛门功能及粪便性状,提高其生活质量。     

双吻合器法改进回肠贮袋肛管吻合术后肛门功能的研究

目的 探讨应用双吻合器法改进传统的回肠贮袋肛管吻合术,术后长期的肛门功能情况.方法 同顾性分析2002年1月-2011年3月完成的45例双吻合器法同肠贮袋肛管吻合术患者的临床资料,其中家族性息肉病患者16例和溃疡性结肠炎患者29例.应用Kirwan评分及Oresland贮袋特异性功能评分评估术后远期肛门功能.结果 平均随访65个月(12 ～ 110个月)后,2例恶性家族性息肉病患者死亡,其余患者中2例出现不典型息肉增生,4例患者出现轻到中度的吻合口狭窄,1例患者出现严重的吻合口狭窄,需再次手术干预,16例患者出现贮袋炎的临床症状.本组45例患者中无肛门失禁发生,术后1年、2.5年、5年的中位Oresland贮袋特异性功能评分分别为6分、3分和2分.结论 应用双吻合器法改进回肠贮袋肛管吻合术后大便控制能力满意,无肛门失禁发生.     

J型贮袋直肠吻合术对肛门功能影响的回顾性研究

目的评价低位直肠癌前切除保肛术后J型贮袋对改善排便功能的疗效。方法 60例患者行低位直肠癌前切除术以及结直肠或结肛吻合,其中22例应用J型贮袋（贮袋组）、38例应用结直肠或结肛直接吻合（无袋组）。记录并比较两组患者的术后并发症的发生情况及排便情况,对术后6个月和12个月的排便功能进行评估。结果两组间术后并发症发生率无明显差异。6个月后贮袋组患者在夜间溢便、漏稀便、区别排气排便和集团性排便方面明显优于无袋组。在术后6个月、12个月贮袋组的延缓排便均优于无袋组（P〈0.05）;两组在便不尽、需抗腹泻药和使用缓泻剂方面无显著性差异。结论结肠J型贮袋可改善低位直肠癌前切除患者术后早期的控变能力。     

腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术后一期缝合不放置引流管的安全性

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术后一期缝合而不放置引流管的安全性.方法 前瞻性研究2011年1月至2013年6月中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院收治的40例行腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术患者的临床资料.采用随机数字表法将患者分成2组,其中研究组（20例）术后不放置引流管,对照组（20例）于肝下放置引流管.比较两组患者的手术时间、住院时间及术后并发症情况.患者术后1个月及3个月复查CT及B超,之后每6个月复查1次,直至术后3年.随访时间截至2013年7月31日.计量资料比较采用独立样本t检验,计数资料比较采用Fisher确切概率法.结果 两组患者术后均康复出院.研究组患者手术时间为（117±11）min,住院时间为（5.6±0.6）d;对照组手术时间为（108±12） min,住院时间为（7.9±0.7）d,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（t=2.453,-11.388,P＜0.05）.两组患者术后均无胆汁漏、结石残留、梗阻性黄疸、腹腔出血及膈下感染等并发症发生.31例患者获得随访,随访时间1个月至2年.随访期内未发现胆管结石复发或胆管狭窄.结论 腹腔镜下胆总管切开探查取石后一期缝合胆总管而不放置任何引流管安全可行.     

直肠全切除后乙状结肠或降结肠贮袋术的前瞻性随机临床对比研究

目前在低位直肠切除后采用结肠贮袋的手术方式较直接行结肠肛管吻合在手术后肠道功能等方面已显示出明显的优越性。关于采用降结肠还是乙状结肠作为贮袋仍有争议。本文采用随机临床对比研究分析两者的差异。　　方法 :将 92例直肠癌患者随机分成 2组 ,肿瘤距齿线在 3～ 1 0 cm,所有患者均行超低位直肠切除及预防性末端回肠造口。其中 2例被排除 ,3例术中改行 Miles手术。 44例行降结肠贮袋木 ,43例行乙状结肠贮袋术。2组病例术后病理 Dukes分期、化疗方案无显著差异。分别在回肠造口还纳术后 6周及术后 6个月、 1年对患者的肛管直肠生理及…     

全胃切除后三种Roux-en-Y消化道重建术式患者生活质量的比较

目的 对全胃切除术后不同食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合方式患者的术后短期生活质量进行比较.方法对108例施行全胃切除术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.对全胃切除后消化道重建分别采用常规食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术(43例)、P型空肠襻食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术(41例)和空肠贮袋食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术(24例).记录患者一般情况及术后3个月、12个月的营养状况和胃肠道症状(GSPS)评分等.结果 术后3个月、12个月P型空肠襻组与常规组比较术后进食量增加(t=5.05、t=5.63,P＜0.01),而GSPS评分降低(t=15.12、t=12.42,P＜0.01).空肠贮袋组术后3个月、12个月进食量同样优于常规组(t=8.08、t=9.28,P＜0.01),GSPS评分降低(t=18.05、t=11.01,P＜0.01).术后12个月P型空肠襻组与空肠贮袋组体重恢复较常规组更佳(t=4.06、t=9.81,P＜0.01),而术后12个月空肠贮袋组的患者进食量又优于P型空肠襻组(t=7.52,P＜0.01),两组体重恢复之间相比差异有统计学意义(t=5.01,P＜0.01).结论 P型空肠襻和空肠贮袋食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术有利于维持患者术后生活质量,在某些方面行空肠贮袋又优于P型空肠襻.     

胃癌全胃切除后不同消化道重建术式对消化吸收功能的影响

目的探讨胃癌全胃切除术不同消化道重建方式对术后消化吸收功能的影响。方法对108例胃癌患者全胃切除后消化道重建方式分别采用常规食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术43例、P型空肠襻食管空肠Roux-ell-Y吻合术41例和空肠贮袋食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术24例。观察术后3、12个月患者的营养状况和胃肠道症状GSPS评分等。结果术后3个月、12个月P型空肠襻组与常规组比较术后进食量增加P〈0．01，而GSPS评分降低P〈0．01，胃肠道症状发生几率降低。空肠贮袋组术后3个月、12个月进食量同样优于常规组P〈0．01，GSPS评分降低P〈0．01。且术后12个月P型空肠襻组与空肠贮袋组体重恢复较常规组更佳P〈0．01。而术后12个月空肠贮袋组在患者进食量又优于P型空肠襻组P〈0．01，体重恢复差异有统计学意义P〈0．01。结论P型空肠襻和空肠贮袋食管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术有利于维持患者术后的消化吸收功能，而行空肠贮袋在某些方面又优于P型空肠襻。     

成人直肠后囊肿腹腔镜再手术12例临床分析

目的 探讨直肠后囊肿的二次手术原因和腹腔镜手术技巧。方法 回顾性分析2012年8月至2021年8月期间在笔者所在医院基本外科结直肠专业组行腹腔镜直肠后囊肿第2次切除的12例患者的临床资料。结果 12例患者中,男5例,女7例;接受手术时年龄为18～60岁、（31.8±11.5）岁;囊肿直径5.8～15.0 cm、（10.0±3.5）cm。7例为表皮样囊肿,3例为成熟性畸胎瘤,1例为成熟性畸胎瘤伴低级别黏液性肿瘤,1例为囊肿合并黏液腺癌。10例行腹腔镜直肠后囊肿切除,2例行腹腔镜联合骶尾部入路手术。手术时间的中位数为137.5 min(80～240 min),术中出血量的中位数为30 mL(10～200 mL)。所有患者术中及术后30 d无ClavienDindo (CD)分级Ⅲ级及以上并发症,1例患者术后发生CDⅡa级并发症。术后住院时间3～7 d、（5.9±1.4）d。12例患者均获访,随访时间3～108个月,中位随访时间为43个月,随访期间1例患者复发。结论 临床上应重视直肠后囊肿的初次诊治,尤其是儿童,术前行盆腔MRI流程化评估、选择合适的入路、联合腹腔镜应用,并由有直肠或盆腔手术...     

全大肠切除回肠贮袋肛管吻合术治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病45例分析

目的探讨全大肠切除回肠贮袋肛管吻合术在治疗家族性腺瘤性息肉病(familial adenomatous polyposis,FAP)中的价值。方法回顾性分析1995—2005年45例FAP患者行全大肠切除回肠贮袋肛管吻合术的手术方式、并发症以及结肠镜、肛肠测压等随访资料。结果45例中发生吻合口漏1例;术后平均排便频率:3个月内每日9次,6个月后每日5次,12个月后每日4次;术后平均肛管慢波静息压为5 cm H_2O,频率为13次/min,肛管收缩压平均180 cm H_2O。37例术后结肠镜随访发现,14例有贮袋息肉(14/37,38%);4例术后发生小肠系膜硬纤维瘤。结论全大肠切除回肠贮袋肛管吻合术是FAP理想的外科手术方式,回肠"J"型贮袋患者控便功能良好,术后应密切随访,预防发生大肠外肿瘤。     

直肠手术各种储袋的应用与评价

结肠储袋能改善低位直肠切除保肛术后早期控制排粪功能障碍,但其对患者术后远期（2年以上）控制排粪功能方面不具有优势。同时,随着时间的延长,排空障碍的发生率将逐渐提高,很多患者出现排粪困难,需要长期应用栓剂和灌肠。而储袋的制作延长了手术时间,增加了治疗费用。所以,低位直肠切除术后结肠储袋的价值正在遭受质疑,它的应用也变得越来越少。在溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和家族性腺瘤性息肉病（FAP）行全结肠切除术后,如果行回肠储袋肛管吻合（IPAA）,可通过增加新建直肠的容积并改变肠管的生理学动力,使排粪次数减少;且术后短期和长期控制排粪功能更好,生活质量更高。所以,IPAA是手术治疗UC和FAP的首选。     

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??Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: An analysis of clinical outcomes in 38 patients GONG Jian-feng, WEI Yao, GU Li-li, et al. Department of General Surgery, the General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of PLA, Nanjing 210002, China
Corresponding author: ZHU Wei-ming, E-mail: juwiming@126.com
Abstract Objective To investigate the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) for ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods The clinical data of 38 patients undergoing laparoscopic IPAA in Department of General Surgery, the General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of PLA from January 2014 to September 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, and technical notes were summarized. Results Laparoscopic IPAA was performed in 34 patients with two-stage surgery , 4 patients with three-stage surgery, and 2 patients had conversion. Twenty-two patients had acute severe UC with intravenous steroid or salvage therapy failure. Median operation time was 340 (210—470) min. Two fistulas occurred after surgery, one at pouch-anal anastomosis and one at the tip of the pouch. Both were successfully treated non-operatively. Defecation frequency 3 months after surgery was 4.75 ± 1.24 times per day. The mean Cleveland Global Quality of Life was 0.85 ± 0.08. Conclusion Laparoscopic IPAA for UC is safe and feasible, and postoperative defecation and quality of life are satisfactory. A two-stage surgery is suitable for selected patients with acute severe UC.     

Repeat ileal pouch-anal anastomosis to salvage septic complications of pelvic pouches: clinical outcome and quality of life assessment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of repeat ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) for septic complications of pelvic pouch surgery; to assess the relationship between diagnosis and outcome; to assess quality of life after surgery. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Pelvic and perineal sepsis due to ileal pouch-anal anastomotic leaks frequently results in pouch loss. Many surgeons believe that pelvic sepsis and/or dense pelvic fibrosis makes salvage surgery unsafe or that pouches salvaged under these circumstances may not function well. As a result, there are few studies of pouch salvage procedures for septic indications. METHODS: The authors reviewed records of Cleveland Clinic Foundation patients who had undergone repeat IPAA surgery after septic complications from previous pelvic pouch surgery and who had completed at least 6 months of follow-up. Final diagnoses included ulcerative colitis (n = 22), Crohn's disease (n = 10), indeterminate colitis (n = 1), and familial polyposis (n = 2). Patients with functioning pouches were interviewed about functional problems and quality of life using an in-house questionnaire and the validated SF-36 Health Survey. RESULTS: Of 35 patients, 30 (86%) had a functioning pouch 6 months after repeat IPAA. In 4 patients, complications led to pouch removal or fecal diversion. One patient declined stoma closure. Of the patients with mucosal ulcerative colitis (MUC), 95% (21/22) had a functioning pouch 6 months after surgery. For patients with Crohn's disease (CD) 60% (6/10) have maintained a functioning pouch. Of the 30 patients with functioning pouches, 17 (57%) rated their quality of life as either "good" or "excellent," the remaining 13 (43%) selected "fair" or "poor." All said they would choose repeat IPAA surgery again. An SF-36 Health Survey completed by all patients with a functioning pouch at follow-up showed a mean physical component scale of 46.4 and a mean mental component scale of 47.6, scores well within the normal limit. CONCLUSIONS: Repeat IPAA can often salvage pelvic pouches in patients with MUC who suffer major chronic perianastomotic and pelvic sepsis. Patients who had successful repeat IPAA surgery often report functional problems but would still choose to have the surgery again. For patients with CD, ultimate pouch excision or fecal diversion have been required in 40% indicating a guarded prognosis for these patients. Data on the success of the procedure for patients with indeterminate colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis were inconclusive because of small sample sizes.     

腹腔镜下全结直肠切除、回肠储袋肛管吻合术治疗溃疡性结肠炎38例临床疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜下行全结直肠切除、回肠储袋肛管吻合术（IPAA）治疗溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析南京军区南京总医院普通外科2014年1月至2015年9月行腹腔镜下IPAA治疗的38例UC病人的术中和术后临床资料,探讨该术式的技术要点及治疗效果。结果 38例病人均成功实施 IPAA,34例病人实施腹腔镜下二期手术,4例病人实施三期手术,其中2例在第二期时中转开腹。22例为激素或挽救治疗失败的重症UC病人。手术中位时间为340（210～470）min。术后1例病人发生储袋肛管吻合口瘘,1例发生储袋顶端瘘,均经保守治疗治愈。术后3个月时随访病人平均排便次数为（4.75 ± 1.24）次/d,克利夫兰总体生活质量评价（CGQL）为0.85 ± 0.08。结论 采用腹腔镜技术行IPAA治疗UC安全可行,术后病人排便功能及生活质量满意。部分重度活动期UC病人也可实施二期手术。     

二期与三期全结直肠切除联合回肠储袋肛管吻合术对溃疡性结肠炎临床结局影响比较分析

目的 比较溃疡性结肠炎（UC）行二期或三期全结直肠切除（TPC）联合回肠储袋肛管吻合术（IPAA）后的近期并发症及远期临床结局。方法 回顾性分析2014-2020年南京大学医学院附属金陵医院普通外科炎症性肠病治疗中心行TPC+IPAA的188例病人临床资料，比较术后近期（二期手术的第一期及三期手术的第一、二期）并发症及远期并发症。采用单因素分析、倾向值匹配分析和问卷调查观察病人术后并发症和远期生活质量。结果 188例病人中，136例（72.3%）病人实施二期IPAA，52例（27.7%）病人实施三期IPAA。三期手术的病人体重指数（BMI）、术前血红蛋白、术前白蛋白水平低于二期手术病人，而C-反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素（IL）-6、降钙素原增高（P均<0.05）。二期手术病人的Clavien-Dindo Ⅲa级以上近期并发症（储袋出血、切口感染、腹盆腔感染、肠梗阻、储袋相关瘘）、远期并发症（储袋炎、肠梗阻、储袋瘘、吻合口狭窄）发生率与三期手术病人比较差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。二期手术病人的24 h排便次数、夜间排便次数、生活质量评分、健康状况评分与三期手术病人差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。采用倾向值匹配分析后，两组术后近远期结局差异无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。二期手术病人的住院费用低于三期手术病人（P<0.05）。结论 IPAA是治疗UC的安全有效的手术方式，二期和三期手术的术后并发症无明显差异。     

Proctocolectomy and ileoanal anastomosis with an S pouch: functional results

Patients with total colonic ulcerative colitis or familial polyposis traditionally require a proctocolectomy. In an effort to preserve the normal pathway for defecation and avoid the nuisance of an abdominal stoma, a continence-preserving procedure involving a pelvic reservoir has been performed at the University of Minnesota Hospitals on 120 patients. The majority were operated on for colonic ulcerative colitis. There were no deaths. The mean hospital stay after restorative proctocolectomy was 10 days and after ileostomy takedown the mean stay was 7 days. Functional results were assessed in 52 patients. Daytime bowel movements averaged 6.4 and night-time movements 1.4. Major daytime incontinence occurred in 6% of the patients, 21% had moderate soiling at night and 70% wore a perineal pad in the evening. Ninety-two percent of the patients expressed satisfaction with the procedure. The most serious complication was pelvic sepsis. It occurred in nine patients, six of whom required subsequent surgery. The Parks S pouch provides a means of maintaining anal continence. This series and others have shown that young, healthy, well-motivated persons will benefit most from a restorative proctocolectomy.     

Long-term results of abdominal salvage surgery following restorative proctocolectomy

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated outcomes of patients who underwent abdominal salvage ileal pouch redo surgery and identified factors associated with pouch failure following restorative proctocolectomy. METHODS: Data on patients who underwent abdominal salvage surgery in a tertiary referral centre between 1985 and 2003 were collected. Outcomes studied included failure of salvage and bowel function of patients with an intact intestine. RESULTS: One hundred and twelve patients underwent 117 pouch salvage procedures for ulcerative colitis (86), indeterminate colitis/ulcerative colitis (eight), indeterminate colitis/Crohn's disease (three), familial adenomatous polyposis (ten) and other conditions (five). The most common indications for pouch salvage were intra-abdominal sepsis (45 patients), anastomotic stricture (13) and retained rectal stump (35). Median follow-up was 46 (range 1-147) months. Twenty-four patients (21.4 per cent) experienced pouch failure, the incidence of which increased with time. The pouch failed in all patients with Crohn's disease. Successful salvage at 5 years was significantly associated with non-septic (85 per cent) rather than septic (61 per cent) indications (P = 0.016). Frequency of night-time defaecation and faecal urgency improved after salvage surgery (P = 0.036 and P = 0.016 respectively at 5-year follow-up; n = 32). CONCLUSION: Abdominal salvage surgery was associated with a failure rate of 21.4 per cent. A successful outcome was less likely when the procedure was carried out for septic compared with non-septic indications. The rate of pouch failure increased with length of follow-up.     

结直肠梗阻支架植入后腹腔镜手术的临床疗效

目的探讨结直肠肿瘤致结肠梗阻支架植入治疗后再行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术的可行性。方法回顾性分析2009年10月至2011年11月上海市第十人民医院收治的行支架植入治疗的21例结直肠肿瘤致急性梗阻患者的临床资料。对支架植入情况、肠梗阻症状、相关疾病缓解情况、腹腔镜手术结果等进行分析,计数资料采用Fisher确切概率法检验。结果21例左半结肠梗阻患者中17例支架植入成功;支架植入后肠梗阻症状均在24h内得到缓解。支架植入后患者Alb、Hb获得明显改善,酸碱失衡、水电解质紊乱获得纠正,高血压、糖尿病、心肌缺血、肺部感染均有明显改善,麻醉风险明显降低（P〈0．05）。心律失常、慢性阻塞性肺病等内科疾病则改善不明显（P〉0．05）。4例支架植入治疗失败患者,1例支架导致结肠穿孔,3例因完全梗阻未能植入,均行急诊Ha~mann手术。所有肠梗阻症状缓解患者顺利行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术。腹腔镜手术时间为（142±38）min,出血量为（29±11）mL,远切缘距肿瘤距离为（3．8±0．3）em,左髂区斜切口长度为（6．2±2．8）cm。术后无吻合口瘘发生,排气时间为（2．4±0．6）d,进食时间为（3．8±1．6）d,术后住院时间为（17±4）d。21例患者随访6个月至2年,1例术后1年因脑血管意外死亡;2例发生肿瘤肝转移,目前仍在维持化疗中。其余18例患者均无瘤生存。结论肿瘤导致的结直肠梗阻经支架植入治疗使肠梗阻缓解后再行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术是可行的。     

Medium-term follow-up of ulcerative colitis in Cape Town

The 114 patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed in Greater Cape Town between 1970 and 1979 were followed up 11 years later. Ninety per cent of those contacted were in remission or had mild symptoms only. Eleven patients had died; 3 deaths (in total colitis patients) were disease-related but the overall mortality rate in ulcerative colitis was not increased. There was only 1 case of carcinoma of the colon. The 5-year surgical rate was 5% increasing to 23% 10 years after diagnosis. Six patients (35%) had had a Park's pouch, 3 (18%) ileorectal anastomosis, and 8 (47%) panproctocolectomy or colectomy with an ileostomy. The incidence of surgery was higher in those with total colitis. In those patients who did not have the rectum removed, there was a 100% recurrence of proctitis. Park's pouch patients remained well and incontinence was not a problem. Thirty-one per cent of patients with proctitis at diagnosis had evidence of extension of disease to the colon at follow-up. Ulcerative colitis may be a more benign disease than often believed, with mortality from the disease and need for surgery being associated almost exclusively with extensive disease.     

An early experience in robotic ileoanal pouch surgery with robotic intracorporeal single-stapled anastomosis (RiSSA) at a tertiary referral centre

Aim

A robotic approach to ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) surgery offers advantages over other approaches in terms of precision, improved access to the pelvis and less muscular fatigue for the surgeon. The integrity of the anastomosis is also fundamental to successful IPAA surgery. The robotic platform can permit intracorporeal suturing deep within the pelvis to create a single-stapled, double purse-string anastomosis, which may reduce the risk of anastomotic complications. This study describes the safety and early outcomes of robotic intracorporeal single-stapled anastomosis (RiSSA) amongst patients operated consecutively at a tertiary centre immediately before and following the pandemic.

Method

A retrospective study of prospectively collected data analysing the outcome of patients undergoing robotic IPAA between 2019 and 2022 was conducted. All procedures were performed with the da Vinci Xi Surgical System (with a hand-assisted suprapubic incision to fashion the pouch). All pouch–anal anastomoses were performed using a double purse-string, single-stapled (RiSSA) method. Demographic, clinical and outcome data were collected.

Results

Twenty consecutive patients (nine with ulcerative colitis and 11 with familial adenomatous polyposis) were included with a median age of 25 years (range 16–52); 18 had American Society of Anesthesiologists classification II, and mean body mass index was 24 kg/m² (range 18.1–34.3). Nine patients (eight ulcerative colitis and one familial adenomatous polyposis) had undergone prior subtotal colectomy and therefore underwent restorative proctectomy with IPAA. Eleven patients underwent restorative proctocolectomy. All procedures were completed robotically. The median length of stay was 9 days (5–49). There were no unplanned admissions to intensive care and no deaths. Three patients were readmitted following hospital discharge for (i) an ileus managed conservatively, (ii) small bowel obstruction managed conservatively and (iii) small bowel obstruction due to constriction at the stoma site necessitating surgery. There were two additional reoperations both for drain complications, one for drain removal and one for drain erosion. On mobilization of the pouch in the latter case, an anastomotic defect was observed. In total, 19/20 patients underwent RiSSA without postoperative anastomotic problems.

Discussion

RiSSA offers a safe and feasible alternative technique to other minimally invasive approaches with low rates of anastomosis-related complications.