改进顺-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1H-咪唑基-1-甲基)-1,3-二氧戊环-4-]对甲苯磺酸酯的合成工艺

目的 改进酮康唑的重要中间体顺-[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1H-咪唑基-1-甲基)-1,3-二氧戊环-4-]对甲苯磺酸酯的合成工艺.方法 以间二氯苯为原料,经过傅-克酰基化、甘油环合、溴代、苯甲酰化、异构体分离、咪唑烷基化、水解、对甲苯磺酰化等八步反应合成目标产物.结果 合成的目标化合物的熔点和核磁共振氢谱与相关文献一致,总收率为19.1%.结论 改进后的合成工艺条件温和,操作简便,适用于放大制备.     

氯化两面针碱合成工艺优化

4-(苯并[d][1,3]二氧戊环-5-基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)-4-氧代丁腈经水解、还原反应得4-(苯并[d][1,3]-二氧戊环-5-基)-2-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)丁酸;再经傅克反应、刘卡特反应、环合得2,3-亚甲二氧基-8,9-二甲氧基-4b,10b,11,12-四氢苯并[5,6-c]菲啶;最终通过芳构化、硫酸二甲酯甲基化并经氯化钠盐交换得氯化两面针碱。优化后工艺总收率为2.5%,操作简便,反应条件温和,原料和试剂经济易得。     

西诺沙星的合成工艺研究

本论文合成了西诺沙星及几个关键中间体:N-(3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)亚肼基氰乙酸乙酯、N-(3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)-N-乙基亚肼基氰乙酸乙酯、N-(3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)-N-乙基亚肼基氰基乙酸、1-乙基-3-氰基-6,7-亚甲二氧基-4-噌啉酮.     

1,3-双-[2-(3-氨基苯基)咪唑-1-基甲基]苯的合成

间硝基苯甲腈与乙二胺进行缩合反应生成2-(3-硝基苯基)咪唑啉,继以活性二氧化锰氧化生成2-(3-硝基苯基)咪唑.该咪唑与间-二(溴甲基)苯进行烷基化反应生成1,3-双[2-(3-硝基苯基)咪唑-1-基甲基]苯,再以水合肼还原生成目标化合物.     

1-(6-氯-3,4-亚甲二氧基苄基)-2-羧基-5-(2,6-二氯苄氧基)吲哚的合成工艺改进

目的寻找脂肪酸缩合酶Ⅲ(FabH)抑制剂1-(6-氯-3,4-亚甲-二氧基苄基)-2羧基-5-(2,6-二氯苄氧基)吲哚的新合成路线。方法以对乙酰氨基苯酚为起始原料,制备4-(2,6-二氯苄氧基)苯胺,用经典的Fischer吲哚合成法制备吲哚片断,随后引入6-氯-3,4-亚甲二氧基苄基,最后酯水解得到目标化合物。结果与结论目标化合物经1H-NMR1、3C-NMR和MS确证,中间体经1H-NMR确证。该路线成本低,操作简单可行,总收率14.2%,可顺利得到目标化合物。     

瑞格列奈关键中间体(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺的合成

目的研究合成非磺酰脲类促胰岛素分泌剂瑞格列奈的关键中间体(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺的合成工艺。方法以邻氟苯甲醛(1)为起始原料,首先与盐酸羟胺反应生成邻氟苯甲醛肟(2),再经脱水生成邻氟苯腈(3),然后与哌啶进行胺解反应生成邻哌啶基苯腈(4),再与溴代异丁基镁进行格氏反应生成亚胺衍生物(5),最后经硼氢化钠还原生成消旋伯胺(6),经与N-乙酰-L-谷氨酸成盐、拆分、氢氧化钠水解得到目标产物S-(6)。结果以邻氟苯甲醛为起始原料,经6步反应合成了(S)-(+)-3-甲基-1-[2-(1-哌啶基)苯基]丁胺,总收率达15.4%,目标产物结构经ESI-MS、1H-NMR确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,反应条件温和,适合大规模制备。     

(±)-2-[4-(1-氧代-2异吲哚啉基)苯基]丁酸乙酯的合成

以 (± ) 2 [4 (1,3 二氧代 2异吲哚啉基 )苯基 ]丁酸为原料合成了 (± ) 2 [4 (1 氧代 2异吲哚啉基 )苯基 ]丁酸乙酯 ,收率为 77 4% ,该合成法未见文献报道     

泰利霉素支链的合成

3-乙酰吡啶经溴化、环合得4-（3-吡啶基）-1H-咪唑,再经与N-（4-溴丁基）邻苯二甲酰亚胺缩合和肼解得到泰利霉素的重要中间体4-[4-（3-吡啶基）-1H-咪唑基]-1-丁胺,总收率为31%.     

5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)苯胺的合成

3,5-二硝基三氟甲苯(2)与氟化四甲铵进行氟代反应,所得单氟中间体再与4-甲基-1H-咪唑进行取代反应得到5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-咪唑-1-基)-硝基苯(3),然后在Pd/C催化下氢化还原制得抗肿瘤药尼罗替尼的中间体5-三氟甲基-3-(4-甲基-1H-眯唑-1-基)-苯胺(1),总收率约50％(以2计).     

4-氨基-5-氯-2-乙氧基-N-[[4-(4-氟苄基)-2-吗啉基]甲基]苯甲酰胺的合成

目的合成4-氨基-5-氯-2-乙氧基-N-[[4-(4-氟苄基)-2-吗啉基]甲基]苯甲酰胺.方法以中间体4-氨基-5-氯-2-乙氧基苯甲酸和中间体B、C为原料合成目标产物.结果合成目标产物的收率为90·0%,提高近30·0%;中间体4-氨基-5-氯-2-乙氧基苯甲酸、中间体邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾、中间体B和中间体C为鲁南贝特制药有限公司生产确证.结论通过对合成路线的优化,使生产收率提高,降低成本,工艺更适于工业化的生产.     

艾他培南关键中间体的合成

目的改进艾他培南关键中间体(2S,4S)-4-乙酰硫-1-对硝基苄氧羰基-2-(3-烯丙氧羰基苯氨甲酰基)吡咯烷的合成工艺。方法以反-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸为原料经氨基、羧基保护;羟基甲磺酰化和乙酰硫化;脱去羧基保护基;与3-氨基苯甲酸烯丙酯缩合得目标物。结果与结论反-4-羟基-L-脯氨酸经6步反应制得目标物,总收率为49·4%,各步反应不需繁琐的柱色谱分离,操作简便,适合工业生产。     

Design and synthesis of 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-(4-substituted)-2-oxoethylthio)quinazolin-4(3H)-one as antihistamine agents

A series of novel 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-(4-substituted)-2-oxoethylthio)quinazolin-4(3H)-one was synthesized by the reaction of 2-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)acetyl chloride with various amines. The starting material, (3-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-ylthio)acetyl chloride was synthesized from 4-chloroaniline by a multistep synthesis. All the title compounds were tested for their in vivo H₁-antihistaminic activity on conscious guinea pigs at the dose level of 10 mg/kg using chlorpheniramine maleate as the reference standard. The results of the biological activity indicate that the test compounds protected the animals from histamine-induced bronchospasm significantly. Compound 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethylthio)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (1) emerged as the most potent compound of the series (71.13 % protection) when compared to the reference standard chlorpheniramine maleate (70.09 % protection). Interestingly, compound A1 shows negligible sedation (12 %) compared to chlorpheniramine maleate (32 %). Therefore, compound A1 can serve as the lead molecule for further development.     

Pharmacological properties of 1-(4-methoxybutylamino)-2-(1-4-benzodioxan-2-yl)-ethane (2802 IS)

Summary The pharmacological properties of 1-(4-methoxybutylamino)-2-hydroxy-2-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-yl) ethane (2802 IS) are described. 2802 IS when administered by vein to anesthetized dogs and cats in doses of 0.025-0.05 mg/kg lowered the blood pressure. In an instrumental reward discrimination exercise in rabbits the depressant effects of the compound were demonstrated at 0.25-0.5 mg/kg i.v. 2802 IS provokes significant changes of the cortical and subcortical electrical activity of the unanaesthesized rabbit and a dampening of the arterial pressure response to the electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus. The site of action of the central effect of the compound is discussed.This work has been supported in part by a Grant from the National Institute of Mental Health, U.S.A. (MH-07093).     

Synthesis of (Z)-2-(2-formamido-4-thiazolyl)-2-(substituted alkoxyimino) acetic acids

(Z)-2-(2-formamido-4-thiazolyl)-2-(substituted alkoxyimino) acetic acids were synthesized by a new method based on the following sequence of reactions: treatment of the tert-butyl acetoacetate with sodium nitrite, alkylation of the oxime formed with an appropriate alkyl halide, halogenation of methyl alpha-keto group and simultaneous cleavage of tert-butyl ester with sulfuryl chloride, protection of the obtained acid function with diphenyldiazomethane, formation of the 2-aminothiazole ring by the Hantzsch method with thiourea, formylation of the amino group and selective final cleavage of the diphenylmethyl ester by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid and anisol. The developed procedure allows the synthesis of (Z)-2-(2-formamido-4-thiazolyl)-2-(substituted alkoxyimino) acetic acids, with an ester function in the alkoxyimino group employing a simple method and obtaining higher yields in comparison with the habitually used classic method.     

2-(2-氨基-4-噻唑基)-2-(Z)-羟亚胺基乙酸的合成

以乙酰乙酸甲酯为原料,经亚硝化,硫酰氯氯化,环合,水解,精制五步反应制备了2-(2-氨基-4-噻唑基)-2-(Z)-羟亚胺基乙酸,总收率38.8%。本品是合成头孢克肟、头孢他啶、头孢地尼等的重要中间体。     

The structure of (S)-(-)-4-(2-benzimidazolyl)-4-hydroxybutyric acid formed during mammalian metabolism of the fungicide 2-(2-furyl)benzimidazole

During metabolism of the fungicide 2-(2-furyl)benzimidazole (FB) in mammals, an optically active compound, metabolite A, was isolated. This compound, a principal metabolite in the biological degradation of FB, was isolated from the urine of horse and dog. When studied by IR, NMR, MS, CD and electrophoretic techniques, the metabolite proved to be the zwitterionic form of (S)-(-)-4-(2-benzimidazolyl)-4-hydroxybutyric acid. The synthesized optical active compound was in every respect identical with metabolite A. The suggested structure has been completely verified by the current investigation of its crystal structure, based on single crystal diffraction data collected at the synchrotron MAX II in Lund, Sweden. In an earlier determination, a related compound, 3-benzimidazolylpropionic acid (Ercan et al. 1996) was suggested to be non-zwitterionic. The present studies have shown that the latter compound too is zwitterionic and that the conclusions presented were apparently based on some erroneously proposed hydrogen positions.     

2-(4-Toluidino)pyrimidine

Antidiabetic Agents, II: 2-(4-Toluidino)pyrimidines Condensations of 4-tolylguanidine (1) with the β-diketones 2a-g yield the 2-(4-toluidino)pyrimidines 3a-g which comprise compounds exhibiting antidiabetic and antimycotic activities.