Size and location of the kidneys during the fetal period

Purpose  

The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric development and location of the kidneys during the fetal period.     

Anatomical study to the vessels of the lower limb by using CT scan and 3D reconstructions of the injected material

Purpose  

To find out the advantages and insufficiency of the 3D reconstruction and traditional anatomy by comparing them with each other.     

Variation in the blood supply of the sinus node

Purpose  

The purpose of the study was to examine the anatomical variations in the blood supply to the sinus node.     

Sinus node artery originating from the posterior part of the right coronary artery

Purpose  

The purpose of the study was to examine the anatomical variations of the sinus node artery (SNA).     

Morphometry of the gallbladder during the fetal period

Purpose  

In this study, our objective was to investigate the development of the gallbladder, its morphological structure and relationship with the adjacent organs during the fetal period.     

The retinacula of Weitbrecht in the adult hip

Purpose  

The aim of the study was to describe the retinacula of Weitbrecht in the adult hip.     

Description of sulcal organization of the insular cortex

Purpose  

To study the morphology of the gyri and sulci of the insular region.     

Exploring barriers and enablers to the delivery of Making Every Contact Count brief behavioural interventions in Ireland: A cross-sectional survey study

Objectives

The public health impact of the Irish Making Every Contact Count (MECC) brief intervention programme is dependent on delivery by health care professionals. We aimed to identify enablers and modifiable barriers to MECC intervention delivery to optimize MECC implementation.

Design

Online cross-sectional survey design.

Methods

Health care professionals (n = 4050) who completed MECC eLearning were invited to complete an online survey based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Multiple regression analysis identified predictors of MECC delivery (logistic regression to predict delivery or not; linear regression to predict frequency of delivery). Data were visualized using Confidence Interval-Based Estimates of Relevance (CIBER).

Results

Seventy-nine per cent of participants (n = 283/357) had delivered a MECC intervention. In the multiple logistic regression (Nagelkerke's R² = .34), the significant enablers of intervention delivery were ‘professional role’ (OR = 1.86 [1.10, 3.15]) and ‘intentions/goals’ (OR = 4.75 [1.97, 11.45]); significant barriers included ‘optimistic beliefs about consequences’ (OR = .41 [.18, .94]) and ‘negative emotions’ (OR = .50 [.32, .77]). In the multiple linear regression (R² = .29), the significant enablers of frequency of MECC delivery were ‘intentions/goals’ (b = 10.16, p = .02) and professional role (b = 6.72, p = .03); the significant barriers were ‘negative emotions’ (b = −4.74, p = .04) and ‘barriers to prioritisation’ (b = −5.00, p = .01). CIBER analyses suggested six predictive domains with substantial room for improvement: ‘intentions and goals’, ‘barriers to prioritisation’, ‘environmental resources’, ‘beliefs about capabilities’, ‘negative emotions’ and ‘skills’.

Conclusion

Implementation interventions to enhance MECC delivery should target intentions and goals, beliefs about capabilities, negative emotions, environmental resources, skills and barriers to prioritization.     

Atherosclerosis aggravates ischemia/reperfusion injury in the gut and remote damage in the liver and the lung

Objective  

We investigated whether mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-associated gut injury and remote liver and lung damage are affected by prevalent atherosclerosis.     

An experimental COVID-19 messaging study in a representative sample of the Scottish population: Increasing physical distancing intentions through self-efficacy

Objectives

Self-efficacy is important for adherence to transmission-reducing behaviours (e.g., physical distancing) as also shown in the CHARIS project. We aimed to show that a theory-based short message can increase physical distancing self-efficacy and intentions to keep physical distance.

Design

Structured telephone surveys with a randomly selected nationally representative sample of adults in Scotland (N = 497).

Methods

Participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: message condition (short message to increase self-efficacy via vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion and emotional arousal) or control condition (no message). Followed by measures for self-efficacy and intention for physical distancing on 4-point scales. Adherence to physical distancing was assessed on a 5-point frequency scale (never – always).

Results

Using mediation analyses with bootstrapping procedures, we first confirmed that self-efficacy was associated indirectly with adherence, via higher intentions in a partial mediation (unstandardized indirect effect .21, 95% CI .18–.25). The message increased self-efficacy; participants receiving the message reported higher self-efficacy (M = 4.23, SD = .80) compared to participants in the control condition (M = 4.08, SD = .77; standardized regression coefficient = .19, p < .05) and self-efficacy affected intention (.48, p < .001). There was a small significant indirect effect of the message on intention via self-efficacy (unstandardized indirect effect .07, CI .01–.14).

Conclusions

Increasing self-efficacy for physical distancing with a short message can successfully increase intention to physical distance via increased self-efficacy. As both self-efficacy and intentions are important predictors of adherence to transmission-reducing behaviours short messages have potential to limit the spread of COVID-19.     

An innovative approach to developing the reflective skills of medical students

Background  

Development of the reflective skills of medical students is an acknowledged objective of medical education.     

The role of nitric oxide during healing of trauma to the skeletal muscle

Introduction  

The role of NO in muscle injury is not clear.     

Development of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries during the fetal period: a morphometric study

Purpose  

This study aimed to determine the location and morphometric development of the fetal abdominal aorta and the iliac arteries.     

Vascular components of the posterior mediastinum: applications for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Purpose  

This study introduced an anatomical basis for thoracoscope-assisted thoracolumbar spinal anterior approach.     

Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of the fetal pancreas including the supplying arteries according to immunohistochemistry of pancreatic polypeptide

Purpose  

Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of the fetal human pancreas was prepared to reconsider topographical relation between the dorsal/ventral anlagen and the vascular supply.     

3D reconstruction of the crural and thoracolumbar fasciae

Purpose  

To create computerized three-dimensional models of the crural fascia and of the superficial layer of the thoracolumbar fascia.     

Postnatal development of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in the brain

Objective  

This study aimed to characterize postnatal development of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in the brain.     

Defining the position of the deep inguinal ring using findings at laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair

Purpose  

We aim to establish the surface marking of the deep inguinal ring by laparoscopy and investigate if the patient’s build influences it.     

Comparison of haematological parameters determined by the Sysmex KX - 2IN automated haematology analyzer and the manual counts

Background  

This study was designed to determine the correlation between heamatological parameters by Sysmex KX-21N automated hematology analyzer with the manual methods.