抑郁症患者识别动态面部表情的执行功能研究

目的：通过威斯康星卡片分类测试（WCST）及动态面部表情识别任务,探讨抑郁症执行功能障碍特征及可能机制。方法：42例抑郁症患者及30名正常对照进行WCST测试;其中抑郁症患者19例及正常对照15名进行动态面部表情识别作业,记录反应时和正确率。结果：与正常对照组相比,抑郁症组存在不同程度WCST的操作损伤,动态面部表情的识别反应时延长,正确率降低。结论：抑郁症患者存在执行功能障碍,对区别不同面部表情的执行功能存在差异。     

男性精神分裂症患者面部表情识别功能障碍的初步研究

目的:探讨男性精神分裂症患者面部表情识别功能特征及与疾病症状间的关系。方法:选择42例精神分裂症男性住院患者以及年龄、受教育年限与之相匹配的37名正常对照,采用中国面部表情视频系统(CFEVS)作为刺激实验材料,比较两组的面部表情识别功能,采用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定精神症状。结果:男性患者识别各种面部表情的反应时间延长且正确率比正常组低,在识别中性表情时的表现最差;识别面部表情正确率与阳性症状严重程度呈负相关,与发病年龄、病程及阴性症状之间未发现联系。结论:男性精神分裂症患者存在明确的面部表情识别功能障碍,尤其辨别中性表情困难;该障碍呈非进行性特征,与阳性症状相关。     

抑郁症患者识别动态喜悦表情的功能磁共振研究

目的:探讨抑郁症患者动态喜悦表情加工的神经基础。方法:对15例女性抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)和15名女性健康志愿者(正常对照组)采用功能磁共振技术进行动态喜悦表情识别任务中的磁共振脑功能扫描,分析抑郁症患者与健康受试者在识别动态喜悦表情间的脑区活动差异。结果:在明确识别条件下,抑郁症组患者右枕中回(BA18)、右顶下小叶(BA40)、右楔前回(BA7)及双侧中央后回(BA7,BA5)等脑区活动增加,而双侧顶上小叶等脑区活动降低。而在不明确识别条件下,抑郁症患者右顶下小叶活动增加,而右楔叶、右中央后回及左顶上小叶活动降低。结论:抑郁症患者识别喜悦表情障碍可能是由于感知该表情面部运动能力存在缺陷所致。     

精神分裂症患者对成人面部复杂表情的辨别

对６０例精神分裂症患者进行对成人面部复杂表情辨别的对照研究。显示精神分裂症患者存在着表情辨别障碍，且表情辨别障碍，且表情辨别障碍较多表现在对复杂表情的辨别上。正常人和精神分裂症患者对基本表情的辨别能力均较对复杂表情为佳。表情辨别的最佳方式是把面部线与情境线索相结合。     

精神分裂症患者对成人面部复杂表情的辨别

对６０例精神分裂症患者进行对成人面部复杂表情辨别的对照研究，显示精神分裂症患者存在着表情辨别障碍，且表情辨别障碍较多表现在对复杂表情的辨别上。正常人和精神分裂症患者对基本表情的辨别能力均较对复杂表情为佳。表情辨别的最佳方式是把面部线索与情境线索相结合。     

重性精神障碍患者面部表情特征与攻击风险水平的相关性研究

目的 探讨重性精神障碍患者面部表情特征与攻击风险水平的相关关系.方法 本研究为横断面观察研究,选取2019年9—12月北京15家社区医院的30例既往有攻击行为且符合国际疾病分类ICD-10诊断标准的重性精神障碍患者,采用修订版外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)评估...     

自闭症儿童心理理论与面部表情识别关系的研究

目的 探讨自闭症儿童心理理论,面部表情识别与自闭症社会性障碍的关系。方法 抽取18名自闭症儿童（10：00岁）和33名发育正常儿童（4：10岁）,任务为判断特定情况下的情绪状态。结果 自闭症儿童的情绪判断正确率比年轻的正常儿童控制组低,支持自闭症社会性障碍的心理理论解释。结论 面部表情识别失能可能不是导致自闭症儿童心理理论缺陷的原因。     

孤独症谱系障碍儿童面部表情识别的认知神经机制

<正>孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD),包括孤独症、阿斯伯格综合征、儿童期瓦解性障碍以及非特定的广泛性发育障碍等[1]。ASD儿童核心症状表现为社会交往障碍、语言交流障碍以及重复刻板行为等。而面部表情识别能力(facial expression recognition,FER)对有效社会交往有着重要作用。因此,探讨ASD儿童面部表情识别的能     

如何识别轻性抑郁症

如何识别轻性抑郁症南京医科大家脑科医院南京危机干预中心（２１００２９）翟书涛一些作家和影视节目主持人的自杀，引起社会各阶层人士的广泛关注与热烈讨论，涉及的重点是他们轻生的原因。尽管他们在结束自己生命以前曾遭遇过不幸或精神创伤，但轻性抑郁症可能是他们发...     

抑郁症患者识别负性表情的脑磁源性影像动态变化

目的 利用磁源性影像技术以及表情事件相关识别实验范式探讨抑郁症患者识别负性动态表情的神经网络磁源性影像动态变化的特点.方法 利用脑磁图检测12例抑郁症患者(患者组)及12名年龄、性别、受教育年限近似匹配的健康对照者(对照组)识别负性动态表情视频时的脑部反应.设P＜0.01时,差异均具有统计学意义.结果 与对照组相比,患者组识别负性面部表情时,活动异常主要出现在双侧钩回、双侧颞上回、右额中回、右杏仁核、右颞回下、左梭状回、左枕下回、右海马旁回、左枕舌回、双侧楔前叶、左楔叶等脑区,这些脑区组成的神经网络在识别负性动态表情过程有相应脑区激活异常.结论 抑郁症患者识别负性表情的功能网络的脑磁源性影像动态变化特点与正常人比较差异有统计学意义.     

Brain functional changes in facial expression recognition in patients with major depressive disorder before and after antidepressant treatment A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used during emotion recognition to identify changes in functional brain activation in 21 first-episode, treatment-naive major depressive disorder patients before and after antidepressant treatment. Following escitalopram oxalate treatment, patients exhibited decreased activation in bilateral precentral gyrus, bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, bilateral postcentral gyrus, left cingulate and right parahippocampal gyrus, and increased activation in right superior frontal gyrus, bilateral superior parietal lobule and left occipital gyrus during sad facial expression recognition. After antidepressant treatment, patients also exhibited decreased activation in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, bilateral cingulate and right parahippocampal gyrus, and increased activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus and right precuneus during happy facial expression recognition. Our experimental findings indicate that the limbic-cortical network might be a key target region for antidepressant treatment in major depressive disorder.     

Associations between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function and facial emotion processing in depressed and control participants

Aim: The current study examined the relation between facial emotion processing accuracy and an aspect of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in 64 inpatients with major depression and 49 healthy controls over a 2‐week period. Methods: The Dexamethasone Suppression Test and a Facial Expression Recognition Task were completed at baseline and 10–14 days after baseline. Treatment response was determined 6 weeks after baseline by change in the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Results: Increased cortisol response to dexamethasone was significantly correlated with reduced ability to recognize facial expressions of anger, sadness and disgust within the total sample, but these correlations did not remain significant at 10–14 days. Surprisingly, cortisol response to dexamethasone was comparable in acutely depressed inpatients and healthy controls, and did not change over time in relation to treatment response. Conclusion: The study findings provide preliminary evidence that hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis functioning and processing threat‐related facial expressions are related, perhaps through involvement of the amygdala.     

Judgment of facial expressions and depression persistence

In research it has been demonstrated that cognitive and interpersonal processes play significant roles in depression development and persistence. The judgment of emotions displayed in facial expressions by depressed patients allows for a better understanding of these processes. In this study, 48 major depression outpatients and healthy control subjects, matched on the gender of the patients, judged facial expressions as to the emotions the expressions displayed. These judgments were conducted at the patients' outpatient admission (T1). The depression severity of the patients was measured at T1, 13 weeks later (T2) and at a 6-month follow-up (T3). It was found that the judgment of negative emotions in the facial expressions was related to both the depression severity at T1 and depression persistence (T2 and T3), whereas the judgment of positive emotions was not related to the patients' depression. The judgment of the emotion of sadness was the best predictor of the patients' depression persistence. Additionally, it was found that the patients judged significantly more sadness in the facial expressions than the control subjects. These findings are related to previous data of facial expression judgments of depressed patients and future research directions are discussed.     

CSF monoamine metabolites and neuropeptides in depressed patients before and after electroconvulsive therapy

Antidepressant drugs affect monoamines and neuropeptides in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in rodent brain. The purpose of this study was to investigate if also electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) affects these compounds in a similar manner in the CSF of depressed patients. Homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-like immunoreactivity (-LI) and neuropeptide Y (NPY)-LI were determined in CSF in six drug resistant patients with major depression. Lumbar puncture was performed at baseline and after completion of eight ECTs. ECT was associated with an increase in NPY-LI (p=0.009) and a decrease in CRH-LI (p相似文献   

Impaired recognition of affect in facial expression in depressed patients.

Measures of recognition of seven affects in facial and verbal expressions to 17 depressed patients and 31 controls were administered. Depressed patients were significantly impaired in the recognition of affect in the facial, but not verbal, expressions. Among the seven affects examined, depressed patients made significantly or near significantly fewer correct matches for sad, happy, and interested face items. The performance of the depressed patients was similar to that observed by Kolb and Taylor in patients with right, but not left, hemisphere cortical excisions. The neurobiology of facial recognition is reviewed, and the relevance of the observed perceptual deficit in depressed patients to the pathophysiology and symptomatology of depression is discussed.     

Residual cognitive impairments in remitted depressed patients

Depressive disorders are associated with various cognitive impairments. Studies on whether or not these impairments persist into the euthymic phase have shown conflicting results, due to differences in test versions and in study samples. In this paper, we aimed to compare the cognitive performance of remitted depressed patients with that of age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers across a wide range of cognitive domains. In two studies, we found few differences on neutral as well as emotional information processing tests. The findings indicate that remitted depressed patients who use antidepressant medication still show an increased recognition of facial expression of fear compared to healthy controls. Patients also performed worse on a test of recognition of abstract visual information from long-term memory. No other residual cognitive impairments were found. These results indicate that most of the cognitive impairments associated with depression resolve with recovery through medication, even when recovery is incomplete. Considering the finding that remitted depressed patients have higher levels of cognitive reactivity, future studies may investigate the possibility that these cognitive impairments have not resolved but have become latent, and may therefore easily be triggered by small changes in mood state.     

Cultural difference in recognition of facial emotional expression: contrast between Japanese and American raters

Using the Japanese and Caucasian Facial Expressions of Emotion (JACFEE) photo set, the relationship between recognition and intensity ratings of universal facial expressions of emotions in 123 Japanese undergraduate students was examined and compared with data reported by American raters. In Japanese raters, although the intensity was rated as high for some of the poses, their correctness scores were poor, suggesting a serious misjudgment of the intended emotions as defined in the JACFEE photo set. Only in Japanese raters were significant relationships between the intensity scores and the percentage correctness scores for sadness detected (r = 0.97, P < 0.0001), but no significant relationship was observed for other emotions. The robust correlation suggests the possibility that Japanese raters might be more responsive to certain emotional expressions when they are fully or intensely expressed. It is proposed that the facial emotional expression paradigm cannot be applied to the psychiatric setting without first refining for cultural differences.