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1.
目的探讨脑囊虫病患者体内γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)的水平. 方法采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测27例脑囊虫病患者外周血单个核细胞产生IFN-γ(代表Th1水平)和IL-10(代表Th2水平)两种细胞因子的变化. 结果 24例有细胞因子表达,3例未测出.在24例有细胞因子表达的患者中,7例表达IFN-γ和IL-10两种细胞因子,17例仅表达IL-10. 结论脑囊虫病患者存在Th1/Th2的漂移现象,明显表现为Th2型细胞因子表达,细胞免疫功能低下,而体液免疫功能升高,存在Th1/Th2平衡失调. 相似文献
2.
Luciana Furlaneto-Maia Kátia Real Rocha Vera Lúcia Dias Siqueira Márcia Cristina Furlaneto 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(2):97-103
Enterococci are increasingly responsible for nosocomial infections
worldwide. This study was undertaken to compare the identification and
susceptibility profile using an automated MicrosScan system, PCR-based assay and
disk diffusion assay of Enterococcus spp. We evaluated 30
clinical isolates of Enterococcus spp. Isolates were identified
by MicrosScan system and PCR-based assay. The detection of antibiotic resistance
genes (vancomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline and erythromycin) was also
determined by PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibilities to vancomycin (30 µg),
gentamicin (120 µg), tetracycline (30 µg) and erythromycin (15 µg) were tested
by the automated system and disk diffusion method, and were interpreted
according to the criteria recommended in CLSI guidelines. Concerning
Enterococcus identification the general agreement between
data obtained by the PCR method and by the automatic system was 90.0% (27/30).
For all isolates of E. faecium and E. faecalis
we observed 100% agreement. Resistance frequencies were higher in E.
faecium than E. faecalis. The resistance rates
obtained were higher for erythromycin (86.7%), vancomycin (80.0%), tetracycline
(43.35) and gentamicin (33.3%). The correlation between disk diffusion and
automation revealed an agreement for the majority of the antibiotics with
category agreement rates of > 80%. The PCR-based assay, the
van(A) gene was detected in 100% of vancomycin resistant
enterococci. This assay is simple to conduct and reliable in the identification
of clinically relevant enterococci. The data obtained reinforced the need for an
improvement of the automated system to identify some enterococci. 相似文献
3.
J.W. Groothoff 《Journal of Renal Care》2004,30(4):222-225
The aim of the project was to establish the somatic and psycho‐social consequences in adulthood of paediatric end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). A long term follow up study of all Dutch patients who started renal replacement therapy at age 0–15 years between 1972 and 1992 and who were born before 1979 was undertaken. The study was performed between 1998 and 2000. About 25% of patients had died at time of investigation. Cardiovascular abnormalities were prominent in both transplanted and dialysis patients and cardiovascular disease was also found to be the most prominent cause of death. Skeletal disorders as a result of metabolic bone disease accounted for most frequent occurring disabilities. The risk for malignancies was 10‐fold that of the normal population. Mean IQ and educational attainment were low as compared to the normal population. The overall quality of life was good, despite the co‐morbidity and disabilities. Adverse outcomes were in nearly all cases related to a prolonged period of dialysis in the past and to (current) hypertension, not to the state of dialysis at time of investigation. 相似文献
4.
Cerebral cysticercosis is becoming more common in Australia as the immigrant population from areas of endemic disease increases. The case reported exemplifies the common presentation of this interesting infestation.
Treatment consists primarily of Praziquantel with or without steroids and anti-seizure medication if indicated. Follow-up is by both clinical and radiological assessment. 相似文献
Treatment consists primarily of Praziquantel with or without steroids and anti-seizure medication if indicated. Follow-up is by both clinical and radiological assessment. 相似文献
5.
Autofluorescence imaging (AFI) endoscopy is a procedure to demonstrate gastrointestinal neoplasia and inflammation as colored areas distinct from the surrounding normal tissue. In the present pilot study AFI colonoscopy findings in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were analyzed. Ten patients with UC were examined using conventional colonoscopy, followed by AFI colonoscopy and narrow band imaging (NBI) colonoscopy. Images under AFI colonoscopy were classified into high AF (green or white) and low AF (magenta). NBI colonoscopy determined vasculature, either into regular, irregular or obscure mucosal vascular pattern. A total of 48 colorectal segments were assessed with the three modes of colonoscopy. The AF was high in 100% of the segments with normal mucosa or with quiescent disease and in 44% of the segments with active mucosa (P < 0.001). Mucosal vascular pattern under NBI was obscure more frequently in low‐AF segments than in high‐AF segments (P < 0.001). Inflammatory infiltrate was more severe and crypt distortion was more frequent in the latter than in the former (P < 0.001). There were trends towards more frequent obscure vascular pattern and more severe inflammation in active segments with low AF than in those with high AF mucosa. These findings suggest that AF status determined by AFI colonoscopy may be a clue for subclassification of active UC. 相似文献
6.
Edna Donizetti Rossi Castro Marcela Cristina Braga Yassaka Germini Joana D'Arc Pereira Mascarenhas Yvone Benchimol Gabbay Ian Carlos Gomes de Lima Patrícia dos Santos Lobo Valéria Daltibari Fraga Luciana Moran Concei??o Ricardo Luiz Dantas Machado Andréa Regina Baptista Rossit 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(1):27-32
Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine the
prevalence and etiological profile of enteropathogens in children from a daycare
center.
Methods: From October 2010 to February 2011 stool samples from 100
children enrolled in a government daycare center in the municipality of São José do
Rio Preto, in the state of São Paulo, were collected and analyzed.
Results: A total of 246 bacteria were isolated in 99% of the fecal
samples; 129 were in the diarrheal group and 117 in the non-diarrheal group.
Seventy-three strains of Escherichia coli were isolated, 19 of
Enterobacter, one of Alcaligenes and one of
Proteus. There were 14 cases of mixed colonization with
Enterobacter and E. coli. Norovirus and
Astrovirus were detected in children with clinical signs suggestive of diarrhea.
These viruses were detected exclusively among children residing in urban areas. All
fecal samples were negative for the presence of the rotavirus species A and C. The
presence of Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba coli,
Endolimax nana and hookworm was observed. A significant
association was found between food consumption outside home and daycare center and
the presence of intestinal parasites.
Conclusions: For children of this daycare center, intestinal infection
due to pathogens does not seem to have contributed to the occurrence of diarrhea or
other intestinal symptoms. The observed differences may be due to the wide diversity
of geographical, social and economic characteristics and the climate of Brazil, all
of which have been reported as critical factors in the modulation of the frequency of
different enteropathogens. 相似文献
7.
Silvania Fran?a da Silva Soares Teresinha Lermen Donatti Francisco José Dutra Souto 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(6):499-504
Some infections can be the cause of secondary nephrotic syndrome. The
aim of this study was to describe the experience of a Renal Disease Reference
Clinic from Central Brazil, in which serological markers of some infectious
agents are systematically screened in children with nephrotic syndrome. Data
were obtained from the assessment of medical files of all children under fifteen
years of age, who matched nephrotic syndrome criteria. Subjects were tested for
IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii and cytomegalovirus;
antibodies against Herpes simplex, hepatitis C virus and HIV; and surface
antigen (HBsAg) of hepatitis B virus. The VDRL test was also
performed. 169 cases were studied. The median age on the first visit was 44
months and 103 (60.9%) patients were male. Anti-CMV IgG and IgM
were found in 70.4% and 4.1%, respectively. IgG and IgM against
Toxoplasma gondii were present in 32.5% and 5.3%,
respectively. Two patients were positive for HBsAg, but none showed markers for
HIV, hepatitis C, or Treponema pallidum. IgG and IgM against
herpes simplex virus were performed on 54 patients, of which 48.1% and
22.2% were positive. IgM antibodies in some children with clinical signs of
recent infection suggest that these diseases may play a role in the genesis of
nephrotic syndrome. 相似文献
8.
Uju M.E. Dibua Ifeoma S. Onyemerela Emeka I. Nweze 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(1):55-59
Objective: This study was designed to determine the frequency and
causative agent(s) of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in individuals with symptoms of
urinary tract infections in Enugu State of Southeast Nigeria, and to determine the
antibiotic susceptibility pattern of microbial agents isolated from urine
culture.
Methods: The study involved 211 individuals (149 females and 62 males)
clinically suspected for UTI. Urine samples were collected by the mid-stream ‘clean
catch’ method and tested using standard procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility of the
isolated pathogens was tested using the Kirby-Bauer technique according to the
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: Microscopy of centrifuged urine samples showed 16 patients had
pyuria while 54 had pus cells. Calcium oxalate crystals were found in 14 samples.
Urinalysis performed with urine samples showed 17 had protein; seven were nitrite
positive and three had moderate to high glucose concentration. Fifty-four urine
samples (36.2%) from females and 12 (19.4%) from males showed significant growth upon
culture. Gram stain and biochemical tests identified nine different organisms with
Escherichia coli as the most common isolated species. Forty three
randomly selected strains were further tested for their susceptibility against a
panel of antibiotics. Thirty isolates (81.08%) were resistant to four or more
antibiotics with the highest resistance shown by E. coli (76.67%).
All the Gram- negative isolates were resistant to Ampicilox, Cefuroxime and
Amoxicillin.
Conclusion: Urinary tract infections were found more in females in the
area under study. As found in other studies, E. coli was the most
predominant isolate, although other organisms seem to be on the increase. 相似文献
9.
G. S. STOKES JANICE L. GENTLE K. D. G. EDWARDS B. A. SCOGGINS J. P. COGHLAN 《Internal medicine journal》1968,17(2):148-155
Primary aldosteronism was discovered in a woman aged 27 years known to have been hypertensive for four years, and who presented with severe muscular weakness of acute onset after one week's treatment with chlorothiazide. Metabolic studies were carried out at three levels of sodium intake—“ normal ”(84 mEq per day), “ high ”(200 mEq per day) and “ low ”(16 mEq per day)—and also during treatment with desoxycorticosterone acetafe or spironolactone. Sodium loading caused a significant fall in the serum potassium concentration from 4·6 to 3·4 mEq/l., and a significant increase in the urinary potassium excretion from 165 mEq per day to 215 mEq per day. The plasma renin activity was abnormally low, being suppressed under all conditions of testing to a level below the lower limit of sensitivity of the assay used. The plasma aldosterone concentration was consistently high (mean 45, range 18 to 64 mµg. per 100 ml). Removal of an aldosterone-producing tumour resulted in correction of the abnormal plasma levels of aldosterone and renin, and relief of hypertension and hypokalæmia. 相似文献
10.
Growth rate, skeletal maturation and thyroid function were measured in fifty thalassaemic children (age 2-13 years) and in fifty controls (matched for sex and age who were not anaemic. Growth retardation was present in several patients during the first years of life and affected almost all subjects examined when they were approaching puberty. Discrepancy between bone and height age in patients was not significantly different from controls. The finding of low T4 and T3 with a high TSH indicated thyroid hypofunction. This finding, already present early in life, did not worsen with increasing age. In beta-thalassaemia hypothyroidism cannot be the cause of retarded growth since there is no relationship between the impairment in thyroid function and severity of growth retardation. In addition, height age was not different from bone age, while a discrepancy is a constant feature of low stature due to hypothyroidism. 相似文献
11.
Laíse dos Santos PEREIRA Erlane Chaves FREITAS Arduína Sofia Ortet de Barros Vasconcelos FIDALGO M?nica Coelho ANDRADE Darlan da Silva C?NDIDO José Dami?o da SILVA FILHO Vladimir MICHAILOWSKY Maria de Fátima OLIVEIRA José Ajax Nogueira QUEIROZ 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(2):145-152
By controlling the transmission of Chagas disease, the challenge of providing
assistance to millions of infected patients that reach old age arises. In this study,
the socioeconomic, demographic and comorbidity records of all elderly chagasic
patients followed at the Pharmaceutical Care Service of the Chagas Disease Research
Laboratory were assessed. The information related to the clinical form of the disease
was obtained from medical records provided by the Walter Cantídio University
Hospital. The profile of the studied population was: women (50.5%); mean age of 67
years; retired (54.6%); married (51.6 %); high illiteracy rate (40.2%); and family
income equal to the minimum wage (51.5%). The predominant clinical forms of Chagas
disease were cardiac (65.3%) and indeterminate (14.7%). The main electrocardiographic
changes were the right bundle branch block (41.0%), associated or not with the
anterosuperior left bundle branch block (27.4%). The average number of comorbidities
per patient was 2.23 ± 1.54, with systemic arterial hypertension being the main one
found (67.0%). It was found that the elderly comprise a vulnerable group of patients
that associate aging with cardiac and/or digestive disorders resulting from the
evolution of Chagas disease and other comorbidities, which requires special attention
from health services to ensure more appropriate medical and social care. 相似文献
12.
SERUM GROWTH HORMONE BINDING PROTEIN ACTIVITY IN HEALTHY NEONATES, CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS: CORRELATION WITH AGE, HEIGHT AND WEIGHT 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A. SILBERGELD L. LAZAR B. ERSTER R. KERET R. TEPPER Z. LARON 《Clinical endocrinology》1989,31(3):295-303
Serum growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) activity was estimated in healthy neonates (n = 6), children and adolescents (n = 97) and young adults (n = 19). GHBP activity was measured by incubating 125I-hGH (human growth hormone) (approximately 25,000 c.p.m.) with serum (100 microliters) in the presence and in the absence of excess unlabelled hGH, followed by separation of specifically bound 125I-hGHBP complexes from free 125I-hGH by gel filtration on Ultrogel AcA44 minicolumns. The results are expressed as the percentage specific binding relative to an adult reference serum (%RSB), after correction for endogenous hGH of the unknown serum. The between-assay coefficients of variation for two sera of %RSB activity of 51.2 and 115.4% were 6.0 and 7.0% respectively. In neonates, low values of serum GHBP were found (%RSB = 27.1 +/- 5.0 SEM) followed by a major rise during the first 6 years of life to a mean value (%RSB = 68.3 +/- 4.1 SEM) which more than doubled that of neonates. Thereafter, values rose progressively throughout childhood and puberty to reach maximum values in young adults (%RSB = 95.0 +/- 3.1 SEM). A novel observation was that serum GHBP activity correlated significantly with height standard deviation score (SDS) (males: r = 0.77, P less than 0.001; females: r = 0.56, P = 0.01) and weight SDS (P less than 0.001) for both sexes before puberty. During puberty GHBP correlated only with weight SDS in males (r = 0.60, P less than 0.01). In all age groups studied, no correlation could be found between serum GHBP and height velocity. 相似文献
13.
Edgar KOYOC-CARDE?A Anuar MEDINA-BARREIRO Francisco Javier ESCOBEDO-ORTEGóN Jorge Carlos RODRíGUEZ-BUENFIL Mario BARRERA-PéREZ Enrique REYES-NOVELO Juan CHABLé-SANTOS Celia SELEM-SALAS Gonzalo VAZQUEZ-PROKOPEC Pablo MANRIQUE-SAIDE 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(3):269-272
This study longitudinally investigated the association between Triatoma
dimidiata infestation, triatomine infection with Trypanosoma
cruzi and household/backyard environmental characteristics in 101
homesteads in Molas and Yucatan, Mexico, between November 2009 (rainy season) and May
2010 (dry season). Logistic regression models tested the associations between insect
infestation/infection and potential household-level risk factors. A total of 200
T. dimidiata were collected from 35.6% of the homesteads, mostly
(73%) from the peridomicile. Of all the insects collected, 48% were infected with
T. cruzi. Infected insects were collected in 31.6% of the
homesteads (54.1% and 45.9% intra- and peridomiciliary, respectively). Approximately
30% of all triatomines collected were found in chicken coops. The presence of a
chicken coop in the backyard of a homestead was significantly associated with both
the odds of finding T. dimidiata (OR = 4.10, CI 95% = 1.61-10.43,
p = 0.003) and the presence of triatomines infected with
T. cruzi (OR = 3.37, CI 95% = 1.36-8.33, p =
0.006). The results of this study emphasize the relevance of chicken coops as a
putative source of T. dimidiata populations and a potential risk for
T. cruzi transmission. 相似文献
14.
Irma Estela Sommerfelt Adriana Duchene Betina Daprato Clara María Lopez Natalia Cardillo Aníbal Juan Franco 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):347-352
Experimental inoculations of approximately 100,000 infective
Toxocara cati larval eggs were done in twelve pigs. The
T. cati eggs used for inoculation were collected from cat''s
feces. Another group of three pigs served as an uninfected control. Groups of
infected pigs were euthanized at seven, 14, 21, and 28 days post-inoculation (dpi).
Tissue samples were taken for digestion and histopathology changes in early phase.
The number of larvae recovered from the lungs peaked at seven and 14 dpi and were
also present at 21, and 28 dpi. Larvae of T. cati were present in
the lymph nodes of the small and large intestine at seven, 14, and 28 dpi and at
seven, 14, 21, and 28 dpi respectively. In other studied tissues, no larvae or less
than one larva per gram was detected. The pathological response observed in the liver
and lungs at seven and 14 dpi, showed white spots on the liver surface and areas of
consolidation were observed in the lungs. The lungs showed an inflammatory reaction
with larvae in center at 28 dpi. In the liver we observed periportal and perilobular
hepatitis. The lymph nodes of the intestines displayed eosinophil lymphadenitis with
reactive centers containing parasitic forms in some of them. The granulomatous
reaction was not observed in any tissues. The role of the other examined tissues had
less significance. The relevance of this parasite as an etiological agent that leads
to disease in paratenic hosts is evident. 相似文献
15.
The effect of sub-lethal doses (40% and 80% of
LC50/24h) of plant derived molluscicides of singly,
binary (1:1) and tertiary (1:1:1) combinations of the Rutin,
Ellagic acid, Betulin and taraxerol with J. gossypifolia latex,
leaf and stem bark powder extracts and their active component on the
reproduction of freshwater snail Lymnaea acuminata have been
studied. It was observed that the J. gossypifolia latex, stem
bark, individual leaf and their combinations with other plant derived active
molluscicidal components caused a significant reduction in fecundity,
hatchability and survival of young snails. It is believed that sub-lethal
exposure of these molluscicides on snail reproduction is a complex process
involving more than one factor in reducing the reproductive capacity. 相似文献
16.
Renata BUCCHERI Maria José KASSAB Vera Lucia Teixeira de FREITAS Sheila Cristina Vicente da SILVA Rita C. BEZERRA Zarifa KHOURY Maria Aparecida SHIKANAI-YASUDA José E. VIDAL 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(6):531-535
The reactivation of Chagas disease in HIV infected patients presents high mortality
and morbidity. We present the case of a female patient with confirmed Chagasic
meningoencephalitis as AIDS-defining illness. Interestingly, her TCD4+ lymphocyte
cell count was 318 cells/mm3. After two months of induction therapy, one
year of maintenance with benznidazol, and early introduction of highly active
antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the patient had good clinical, parasitological and
radiological evolution. We used a qualitative polymerase chain reaction for the
monitoring of T. cruzi parasitemia during and after the treatment. We emphasize the
potential value of molecular techniques along with clinical and radiological
parameters in the follow-up of patients with Chagas disease and HIV infection. Early
introduction of HAART, prolonged induction and maintenance of antiparasitic therapy,
and its discontinuation are feasible, in the current management of reactivation of
Chagas disease. 相似文献
17.
我们将在圣多美和普林西比共和国治疗的小儿恶性疟880例分析为10种临床表现类型,经抗疟药物治疗和对症处理,使病死率降至0.9%,取得了良好效果。 相似文献
18.
Elis Dionísio da Silva Luiz Dias de Andrade Paulo Sérgio Ramos de Araújo Vera Magalh?es Silveira Carlos Eduardo Padilha Maria Almerice Lopes da Silva Zulma Maria de Medeiros 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2013,55(6):425-428
SUMMARY
Report of a 45-year-old male farmer, a resident in the forest zone of Pernambuco, who was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 1999 and treated using antiretroviral (ARV) drugs. In 2005, the first episode of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), as assessed by parasitological diagnosis of bone marrow aspirate, was recorded. When admitted to the hospital, the patient presented fever, hepatosplenomegaly, weight loss, and diarrhea. Since then, six additional episodes of VL occurred, with a frequency rate of one per year (2005-2012, except in 2008). In 2011, the patient presented a disseminated skin lesion caused by the amastigotes of Leishmania, as identified by histopathological assessment of skin biopsy samples. In 2005, he was treated with N-methyl-glucamine-antimony and amphotericin B deoxycholate. However, since 2006 because of a reported toxicity, the drug of choice was liposomal amphotericin B. As recommended by the Ministry of Health, this report emphasizes the need for HIV patients living in VL endemic areas to include this parasitosis in their follow-up protocol, particularly after the first infection of VL. 相似文献19.
Tiegang Li Zhicong Yang Xiangyi Liu Yan Kang Ming Wang 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(6):533-539
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is becoming one of the
extremely common airborne and contact transmission diseases in Guangzhou,
southern China, leading public health authorities to be concerned about its
increased incidence. In this study, it was used an ecological study plus the
negative binomial regression to identify the epidemic status of HFMD and its
relationship with meteorological variables. During 2008-2012, a total of 173,524
HFMD confirmed cases were reported, 12 cases of death, yielding a fatality rate
of 0.69 per 10,000. The annual incidence rates from 2008 to 2012 were 60.56,
132.44, 311.40, 402.76, and 468.59 (per 100,000), respectively,
showing a rapid increasing trend. Each 1 °C rise in temperature
corresponded to an increase of 9.47% (95% CI 9.36% to
9.58%) in the weekly number of HFMD cases, while a one hPa rise in
atmospheric pressure corresponded to a decrease in the number of cases by
7.53% (95% CI -7.60% to -7.45%). Similarly, each
one percent rise in relative humidity corresponded to an increase of 1.48%
or 3.3%, and a one meter per hour rise in wind speed corresponded to an
increase of 2.18% or 4.57%, in the weekly number of HFMD cases,
depending on the variables considered in the model. These findings revealed that
epidemic status of HFMD in Guangzhou is characterized by high morbidity but low
fatality. Weather factors had a significant influence on the incidence of
HFMD. 相似文献
20.
Alexsandra R.m. Favacho Isabelle Roger Amanda K. Akemi Adonai A. Pessoa JR. Andrea G. Varon Raphael Gomes Daniela T. Godoy Sandro Pereira Elba R.s. Lemos 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):363-365
Bartonella henselae is associated with a wide spectrum of clinical
manifestations, including cat scratch disease, endocarditis and meningoencephalitis,
in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. We report the first molecularly
confirmed case of B. henselae infection in an AIDS patient in state
of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Although DNA sequence of B. henselae has
been detected by polymerase chain reaction in a lymph node biopsy, acute and
convalescent sera were nonreactive. 相似文献