双源CT心外膜脂肪体积定量对冠状动脉斑块稳定性的影响

目的探讨冠心病患者心外膜脂肪体积对冠状动脉斑块稳定性的影响。方法纳入同期行双源CT冠状动脉成像与经皮冠状动脉造影的冠心病患者145例,测量患者的身高、体重、血压、血生化指标,通过64排双源CT测定心外膜脂肪体积与斑块性质、重构指数、点状钙化,并进行心外膜脂肪体积与易损斑块的相关分析。结果年龄、性别、吸烟、糖尿病、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)在斑块性质、血管重构、点状钙化中的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LDL-C在斑块性质与点状钙化中也无统计学差异(P>0.05),正性重构组LDL-C水平高于非正性重构组(P=0.040)。非钙化斑块组、正性重构组、点状钙化组的高血压患病率、BMI与心外膜脂肪体积均高于钙化斑块组、非正性重构组、无点状钙化组(P<0.05),其中心外膜脂肪体积差异最大(P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析表明心外膜脂肪体积是影响易损斑块的独立危险因素(OR=2.015,P=0.001)。ROC曲线分析表明心外膜脂肪体积诊断易损斑块的阈值为103.7 cm3,诊断的敏感性与特异性分别为93.0%和61.8%(P<0.001)。结论双源CT测量心外膜脂肪体积与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块的斑块性质、血管重构、点状钙化具有良好的相关性,可作为影响易损斑块的独立危险因素,并早期判断冠心病患者的预后。     

高分辨率CT扫描在老年2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉斑块特点中的诊断价值分析

目的：研究高分辨率CT(HRCT)扫描在老年2型糖尿病（T2DM））患者冠状动脉斑块特点中的诊断价值。方法：回顾性选取2022年3月—2023年1月于中山大学附属第一医院采用HRCT行冠状动脉CT血管造影（CCTA）检查的76例老年T2DM患者和81例血糖正常的患者,分别记作T2DM组及血糖正常组。对比两组各项临床基线资料、斑块检出情况与斑块分布情况、钙化斑块参数、斑块所在冠脉血管的狭窄程度及冠状动脉周围脂肪参数。结果：两组各项临床基线资料对比,差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。T2DM组局限性斑块、节段性斑块检出数量均多于血糖正常组（P <0.05）。T2DM组冠状动脉的节段血管中斑块分布高于血糖正常组（P <0.05）。T2DM组钙化斑块负荷及钙化积分高于血糖正常组（P <0.05）。T2DM组冠状动脉轻度、中度狭窄节段检出率高于血糖正常组（P <0.05）。T2DM组冠状动脉脂肪密度衰减值高于血糖正常组（P <0.05）。结论：将HRCT扫描应用于老年T2DM患者冠状动脉斑块呈现冠状动脉局限性多节段分布,以钙化斑块为主,并常合并有非钙化斑块、...     

CT血管造影联合血清同型半胱氨酸、脂蛋白(a)及B型脑钠肽在评估冠状动脉硬化狭窄中的临床价值

  目的  探讨CT血管造影联合血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）、脂蛋白（LP）(a) 及B型脑钠肽（BNP）在冠状动脉硬化狭窄中的评估价值。  方法  选取我院2020年12月~2021年7月收治的150例冠心病患者作为观察组,另选取86例健康体检者作为对照组,均予以CT血管造影及血清Hcy、BNP、LP(a)水平检查,分析上述血清指标与疾病类型、冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄程度、斑块性质及CT血管造影冠脉参数的相关性。  结果  观察组血清Hcy、BNP、LP(a)水平及斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、重建指数（RI）较对照组更高,血管体积低于对照组（P < 0.05）;急性心肌梗死患者血清Hcy、LP(a)、BNP水平及斑块负荷均 > 不稳定型心绞痛患者 > 稳定型心绞痛患者 > 隐匿型冠心病患者（P < 0.05）;随冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄程度增加,冠心病患者上述血清指标升高,斑块负荷、RI值均增加（P < 0.05）;非钙化斑块者上述血清指标及斑块负荷、血管狭窄程度、RI值高于钙化斑块者（P < 0.05）;冠心病患者3项血清指标均与非钙化斑块及斑块负荷、急性心肌梗死、冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄程度、血管狭窄程度、RI值呈正相关（P < 0.05）;ROC曲线显示,CT血管造影联合3项血清指标诊断冠状动脉硬化重度狭窄（狭窄程度 > 75%）的敏感度、特异性、曲线下面积分别为0.81、0.82、0.878。  结论  冠心病患者血清Hcy、LP(a)、BNP水平逐渐升高,与CT血管造影参数联合可较好地诊断冠状动脉硬化狭窄程度。      

冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块特征和管腔重构的320排CT研究

目的探讨320排冠状动脉CT造影（CCTA）斑块特征和血管重构的预后价值。方法经320排CCTA检查的368例冠心病患者被随访18～28个月,平均（23±5.5）个月。研究终点是发生冠状动脉不良事件（心源性猝死、非致命性心肌梗死和不稳定型心绞痛）。 CCTA分析包括钙化斑块（CP）、非钙化斑块（NCP）和混合斑块（MP）、梗阻性斑块、正性重构（PR）、偏心性斑块。通过手工测量血管横截面积定义重构指数（RI）,RI＝病变处血管横截面积/（病变处近端正常血管面积＋远端血管面积）/2。 RI＞1.10为PR, RI＜0.95为负性重构（NR）。 RI＝0.95～1.10为无重构。结果368例1231个节段被发现存在动脉斑块,包括CP 155个节段（12.6％）、NCP 543个节段（44.1％）、MP 533个节段（43.3％）、梗阻性斑块188个节段（15.3％）、PR 145个节段（11.8％）、偏心性斑块1033个（83.9％）。随访期间,21例（5.6％）发生冠状动脉不良事件。单因素分析显示MP,与未并发冠状动脉不良事件斑块比较,梗阻性斑块、PR、偏心性斑块发生冠状动脉不良事件发病率高（分别是74.9％ vs．42.8％, P＝0.021;95.2％ vs．13.9％, P＜0.001;95.2％ vs．10.3％,P＜0.001;95.2％ vs．83.7％,P＝0.043）。多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示仅梗阻性斑块[HR＝5.25（95％CI,2.17～12.69）,P＜0.001]和PR[HR＝5.55（95％ CI,2.10～14.70）,P＜0.001]是发生冠状动脉不良事件的独立预测因素。结论 CCTA表现为梗阻性斑块和PR,独立于其他CCTA高危因素,强烈暗示将来发生冠状动脉不良事件。     

冠状动脉CTA观察HIV感染者冠状动脉易损斑块

目的 观察HIV感染者冠状动脉易损斑块是否与非HIV感染者存在差异，分析相关危险因素。方法 对167例HIV感染者（HIV感染组）及185例非感染者（非感染组）行冠状动脉CTA（CCTA），将存在≥2种高危形态学特征的斑块定义为易损斑块，对比分析2组患者冠状动脉易损斑块的类型、位置、发生率，以及HIV感染者冠状动脉易损斑块的相关危险因素。结果 2组患者基线临床资料无明显差异。2组最常见易损斑块类型均为低衰减斑块+正性重构，多位于前降支近段（S6）；HIV组≥1个冠状动脉节段出现易损斑块的发生率较非HIV组增加（34.73% vs 24.32%，P<0.05）。HIV组冠状动脉易损斑块与抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）药物治疗时间独立相关[OR=1.29，95%CI（1.04，1.59），P=0.02]。结论 HIV感染者冠状动脉易损斑块发生率较非感染者增加；ART药物治疗可能是HIV感染者出现冠状动脉易损斑块的独立危险因素。     

双源CT与冠状动脉血管内超声评估冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块价值的对照研究

目的探讨双源CT(dual-source CT,DSCT)、冠状动脉血管内超声(intravascular ultrasound,IVUS)在冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块性质、血管重塑评估中的应用价值。方法冠心病患者31例,均于入院后先行DSCT,并于行冠状动脉造影(coronary angiography,CAG)同时行IVUS检查,判定斑块性质,测量狭窄处血管横断面积、血管管腔面积、斑块面积、面积狭窄率、血管重构指数,并进行比较。结果对31例患者36支血管(左前降支18支、左回旋支9支、右冠状动脉9支)的75个节段进行了检测,在发现病变的55个节段中,选择其中48个斑块进行统计分析;DSCT检出软斑块17个,纤维型斑块11个,钙化斑块8个,混合斑块12个;IVUS检出软斑块17个,纤维型斑块12个,钙化斑块8个,混合斑块11个,2种方法在判定斑块性质上比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);DSCT检出负性重构节段8个,无重构节段29个,正性重构节段11个,斑块偏心指数为(0.50±0.06)%;IVUS检出负性重构节段6个,无重构节段33个,正性重构节段9个,斑块偏心指数为(0.53±0.08)%,2种方法比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);DSCT测量狭窄处血管横断面积[(17.50±2.33)mm~2]、血管管腔面积[(8.99±0.85)mm~2]、斑块面积[(7.47±1.28)mm~2]、面积狭窄率[(55.90±10.01)%]、血管重构指数[(1.04±0.12)%]与IVUS测量结果[(16.95±2.55)mm~2、(8.52±0.89)mm2、(8.45±1.77)mm2、(64.85±11.10)%、(1.06±0.15)%]比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);以IVUS检测结果为标准,DSCT检测斑块的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为95.8%、85.2%、92.0%、92.0%。结论 DSCT在冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块定性、定量分析及血管重塑评价中有较高价值,是一种无创的筛查冠心病的方法。     

冠状动脉轻中度狭窄病变血管内超声影像学特征与血清可溶性CD105水平的关系

目的 探讨冠状动脉轻中度狭窄病变斑块超声影像学特征与血清可溶性CD105水平的关系.方法 102例冠心病患者分为轻中度狭窄和重度狭窄两组,对两组患者靶血管内超声特征与血清可溶性CD105水平进行相关研究.结果 轻中度狭窄组血管内超声检出脂质斑块51例,占82.26%(51/62),其罪犯病变的血管外弹力膜面积( EEMA)、斑块面积(PA)、管腔面积狭窄率(LAS)及重构指数(RI)明显大于重度狭窄组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).两组间在纤维帽厚度、脂核或无回声带大小、脂核与斑块比之间存在统计学差异.血清可溶性CD105水平与RI呈正相关.结论 易损斑块为偏心分布的低回声脂质斑块,具有较大的斑块面积和明显的正性重构;血清可溶性CD105参与了粥样硬化的形成,血清可溶性CD105水平可望作为预测冠状动脉轻中度狭窄病变斑块易损性的参考指标.     

128层双源CT冠状动脉成像与冠状动脉造影的对照研究

目的:探讨128层双源CT冠状动脉成像(CCTA)对冠状动脉狭窄诊断的准确性及其对斑块性质判断的临床应用价值。材料与方法:60例患者行双源CT冠状动脉成像(CCTA)后进行冠状动脉造影术(CCA)检查。以冠状动脉造影术结果作为金标准,统计双源CCTA显示冠脉病变的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率,统计冠状动脉斑块性质。结果:1准确性评价:基于节段水平分析,敏感性93.9%,特异性96.5%,阳性预测值89.1%,阴性预测值96.5%,准确率91.9%。CCTA显示冠状动脉狭窄结果与CCA一致。2斑块性质:共检出斑块236个,其中脂质斑块67个,纤维斑块74个,钙化斑块95个,钙化斑块比例较高。结论:双源CCTA评价冠状动脉狭窄的准确性高,对斑块性质判断上有一定的优势,对冠心病的筛查有很好的帮助。     

MCA狭窄段管壁的重构模式、斑块内出血与脑卒中发病的关系

目的探讨大脑中动脉(middle cerebral artery,MCA)粥样硬化狭窄管壁重构模式、斑块内出血与脑卒中发病的关系。方法选取经颅脑3D-TOF磁共振血管造影检查发现MCA高度狭窄(狭窄率≥70%)118例患者,根据有无临床症状分为症状组55例和无症状组63例。根据2组临床状况及高分辨率磁共振成像(high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging,HR-MRI)表现,评估分析MCA狭窄段管壁重构模式、斑块内出血与脑卒中事件的关系。结果症状组MCA狭窄段管壁正性重构38例,负性重构11例;无症状组MCA狭窄段正性重构15例,负性重构34例,两组正性重构和负性重构率比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。症状组斑块内出血发生率为25.45%显著高于无症状组的4.76%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 MCA狭窄段管壁的正性重构模式以及斑块内出血,均加大了同侧MCA狭窄供血区发生急性脑卒中的风险。     

血管内超声显像在造影无显著狭窄病变的急性冠脉综合征中的应用

目的探讨血管内超声显像(IVUS)在冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄病变的急性冠状动脉综合征的病变检测和指导治疗中的应用价值.方法选取临床诊断急性冠状动脉综合征患者21例,4例为急性Q波性心肌梗死,3例为非Q波性心肌梗死,14例为不稳定型心绞痛,所有病例经冠状动脉造影主要冠脉未见直径狭窄>60%的病变.对靶血管(LAD 17例,RCA 3例,LCX 1例)行IVUS检查.结果 21例21处病变中14例(66.7%)为软斑块,2例(9.5%)为纤维斑块,4例(19.0%)为钙化斑块,1例(4.8%)为混合型斑块;共19例(90.5%)为偏心性斑块;13例(61.9%)正性重构,8例(38.1%)负性重构;重构指数为1.02±0.10(￣x±s).21例患者中有5例发现有斑块破裂,占23.8%;2例发现血栓,占9.5%.面积狭窄率(斑块负荷)范围从43.0%至79.1%,平均为70.0%±8.8%.病变处最小管腔直径(MLD)为(2.29±0.50) mm.IVUS测得的直径狭窄率、面积狭窄率、最小管腔面积和参照血管直径均大于定量冠状动脉造影所测得的数值(P均<0.05).根据IVUS检查结果,15例进行了血运重建术(1例冠脉搭桥术,14例支架植入术).结论在冠状动脉造影无显著狭窄病变的急性冠状动脉综合征病人中,血管内超声检查有助于明确病变的程度、性质并指导治疗方案的选择,病变的偏心性和正性重构可能是造成冠脉造影低估病变程度的主要原因.     

斑块定量参数及冠周脂肪衰减指数对FFR-CT进展的影响

目的 探讨基于冠状动脉CT血管成像(CCTA)的基线斑块定量参数和冠脉周围脂肪衰减指数(FAI)对CT血流储备分数(FFR-CT)进展的影响.方法 回顾性分析行两次CCTA检查的259例患者资料.分析斑块的定量参数,并测量冠周FAI和FFR-CT.第一次CCTA选定斑块远段FFR-CT≥0.8,第二次FFR-CT<0....     

Coronary CT angiography in patients with high calcium score: evaluation of plaque characteristics and diagnostic accuracy

Our aim was to evaluate the plaque characteristics of coronary arteries related to significant stenosis with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and to discuss the diagnostic accuracy of CCTA in patients with high calcium scores. After institutional review board approval, 110 patients (63 men; mean age: 67.1 ± 7.9 years) with Agatston scores >400 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients underwent Agatston calcium scoring and 64-slice CCTA, in addition to invasive coronary angiography (CAG). The composition (calcified, mixed, and non-calcified) and configuration (concentric, eccentric) of coronary artery plaques were analyzed on a per-segment basis by CCTA. We analyzed the differences in plaque composition and configuration between significant (≥ 50%) and non-significant (<50%) stenosis. Additionally, the diagnostic accuracy of stenosis according to plaque composition was evaluated by CCTA, using CAG as a reference method. Significant differences in plaque composition and configurations were observed between the two groups. In cases of significant stenosis, the proportions of concentric, mixed, and non-calcified plaques were significantly higher than those of eccentric and calcified plaques (P < 0.001). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of mixed (97.4, 87.6%) and non-calcified plaques (97.8, 95.7%) were significantly higher than those of calcified plaques (87.6, 67.2%). Although CCTA has limited value due to low diagnostic accuracy of calcified plaques, knowledge about the high frequencies of mixed and non-calcified plaques in significant stenosis help to make an accurate assessment of CAD with CCTA in patients with high calcium scores.     

冠状动脉CT血管成像预测冠状动脉斑块患者发生主要不良心脏事件的价值

目的 探讨冠状动脉CT血管成像（CCTA）预测冠状动脉斑块患者发生主要不良心脏事件（MACE）的价值。方法 对256例冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块患者行CCTA检查,于CCTA图像上定量评定冠状动脉管腔狭窄程度,并依据斑块成分进行分型。随访MACE发生情况,建立预测MACE的3个模型（模型1,冠状动脉狭窄程度分级;模型2,冠状动脉狭窄程度分级联合管壁斑块分型;模型3：冠状动脉狭窄程度分级联合管壁斑块分型和临床危险因素指标）,评估3个模型对MACE的预测效能。结果 256例病例中47例失访,最终随访209例患者。随访结束时,46例发生MACE。冠状动脉狭窄程度分级和斑块分型评估MACE发病风险的风险比分别为4.47、3.43,高于临床危险因素指标。模型2、模型3预测MACE的ROC曲线下面积明显大于模型1（P<0.05）,模型2和模型3预测MACE的ROC曲线下面积差异无统计学意义（P=0.076）。结论 CCTA可定量评估冠状动脉管腔狭窄程度并进行斑块分型,联合应用有助于提高MACE的预测效能。     

Epicardial adipose tissue parameters for predicting coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in HIV infected patients北大核心CSCD

目的观察以心外膜脂肪组织(EAT)各参数预测HIV感染者冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)及冠状动脉狭窄程度的价值。方法将149例HIV感染者根据存在CHD与否分为CHD组(n=97)与非CHD组(n=52),再根据冠状动脉狭窄程度将CHD组分为轻度(n=60)、中度(n=23)及重度狭窄亚组(n=14);选取52名非HIV、非CHD志愿者作为对照组。计算各组及亚组冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)、左回旋支(LCX)及右冠状动脉(RCA)周围脂肪衰减指数(FAI)、EAT体积和EAT密度;观察上述各参数预测HIV感染者CHD及冠状动脉狭窄程度的效能。结果CHD组中,各亚组RCA、LAD和LCX周围FAI差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),重度狭窄亚组FAI明显高于轻度狭窄亚组(P<0.05)。非CHD组RCA、LAD和LCX周围FAI均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05)。以-87.74 HU为RCA周围FAI的截断值,其预测冠状动脉重度狭窄的敏感度为83.30%,特异度为63.00%,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.75;以-72.29 HU为LAD周围FAI的截断值,其预测冠状动脉重度狭窄的敏感度为75.00%,特异度为80.20%,AUC为0.95;二者AUC差异有统计学意义(Z=2.86,P<0.01)。结论冠状动脉周围FAI可用于评估冠状动脉狭窄程度,尤以LAD周围FAI的价值最高。     

Impact of luminal density on plaque classification by CT coronary angiography

Non-invasive coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has the potential to characterize the composition of non-calcified coronary plaques. CT-density values characterized by Hounsfield Units (HU) may classify non-calcified plaques as fibrous or lipid-rich, but the luminal density caused by the applied contrast material influences HU in the plaques in vitro. The influence of luminal density on HU in non-calcified plaques in vivo is unknown. Hence the purpose of this study was to test whether plaque characterization by CCTA in vivo depends on luminal density. Two CCTA-scans using two different contrast protocols were obtained from 14 male patients with coronary artery disease. The two contrast protocols applied resulted in high and low luminal density. Eleven non- calcified and 13 calcified plaques were identified and confirmed by intravascular ultrasound. Luminal attenuation differed with the two contrast protocols; 326[284;367] vs. 118[103;134] HU (P < 0.00001). In non-calcified plaques mean HU-values was lower 48[28;69] vs. 11[−4;25] HU (P = 0.004) with the low density protocol. As a consequence three out of eleven non-calcified plaques (27%) were reclassified from fibrous (high) to lipid rich (low). For calcified plaques a less pronounced but still significant difference in HU-values was found with the low luminal density. 770[622;919] vs. 675[496;855] HU (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Non-calcified plaques can be identified and classified by CCTA. However, the luminal density affects the absolute HU of both non-calcified and calcified plaques. Characterization and classification of non-calcified plaques by absolute CT values therefore requires standardization of contrast protocols.     

The prognostic value of multidetector coronary CT angiography for the prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events: a multicenter observational cohort study

To assess the prognostic value of coronary artery stenosis identification by coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) for the prediction of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in a multicenter prospective cohort study. We performed a prospective multicenter observational cohort study of symptomatic patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease (CAD) (n = 172; 57% male) undergoing CCTA in accordance to ACC/AHA Appropriateness Criteria from 4 sites in and around Paris, France, and followed for a mean duration of 22.0 ± 4.5 months (interquartile range 18–26 months). Coronary arteries by CCTA were interpreted by physicians blinded to the patient characteristics for the presence or absence obstructive (≥70% luminal diameter stenosis), as well as for plaque composition categorized as non-calcified, calcified or “mixed.” MACE was defined as death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, unstable angina or target vessel revascularization. MACE event rates were compared between patients with or without obstructive plaque and with differing plaque compositions. MACE event rates were significantly higher in patients with obstructive coronary artery stenosis by CCTA compared to those without (61.1% vs. 3.9%, P < 0.01). In patients with obstructive stenosis, mixed (83.3% vs. 25.3%, P < 0.01) and calcified (94.4% vs. 50.7%, P < 0.01) plaque presence was significantly higher than in patients without obstructive stenosis, with no differences in prevalence of non-calcified plaque (27.8% vs. 20.8%, P = NS). For MACE, the negative predictive value of no observed coronary artery plaque was 100% in the follow-up period. In this prospective multicenter study of symptomatic patients with suspected or known CAD undergoing CCTAs interpreted by imagers blinded to patient characteristics, CCTA presence of plaque severity and composition successfully identifies patients at risk for incident MACE events. Importantly, a negative CCTA portends an extremely low risk for incidence MACE.     

改良单次短时屏气法用于血管减影冠状动脉CT成像

目的 观察改良单次短时屏气法用于血管减影冠状动脉CT成像（S-CCTA）的价值。方法 收集21例冠状动脉钙化复查（n=18）或冠状动脉支架植入术后（n=3）患者,采用改良单次短时屏气法行S-CCTA扫描,获得两次扫描图像和减影后图像后进行处理,采用4分制评价冠状动脉CT血管成像（CCTA）及S-CCTA图像质量,观察以严重钙化节段评估管腔狭窄程度的能力,并计算有效辐射剂量（ED）。结果 21例患者屏气时间为（10.34±1.07）s,辐射ED为（3.43±1.04）mSv。18例冠状动脉钙化复查患者共90个钙化斑块,S-CCTA图像质量[（3.47±0.69）分]明显高于CCTA[（2.48±0.70）分,P<0.001）,且S-CCTA图像所示可用于评估管腔狭窄程度的严重钙化冠状动脉节段（88.89%）明显多于CCTA图像（66.67%,P<0.001）;3例冠状动脉支架植入术后患者共植入5枚支架,其S-CCTA图像质量[（2.75±0.29）分]明显高于CCTA[（1.84±0.23）分,P<0.05]。结论 改良单次短时屏气S-CCTA可有效缩短屏气时间、减少辐射剂量并提高冠状动脉图像质量。     

Variation in atherosclerotic plaque composition according to increasing coronary artery calcium scores on computed tomography angiography

Increasing coronary artery calcium scores (CACS) are independently associated with cardiac events. Recent advents in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) have allowed us to better characterize individual plaque. Currently, it is unknown if higher CACS are likely to be associated with more calcified or mixed and heterogeneous plaque burden on CCTA. The study population consisted of 1,043 South Korean asymptomatic subjects (49 ± 10 years, 62% men) who underwent CCTA (64-slice MDCT). Plaques were classified on contrast-enhanced CCTA as non-calcified, mixed, and calcified on a per-segment basis according to the modified American Heart Association classification. The majority of the study participants had no coronary calcification (n = 866, 83%), whereas CACS> 0 was observed in 177 participants (17%). Only 40 (5%) participants in absence of CACS had exclusively non-calcified plaque, whereas 10 (1.2%) had significant coronary artery disease. With increasing CACS, study participants were more likely to have exclusively mixed or combination atherosclerotic plaques (P = 0.001). Among individuals with CACS 1–10, the prevalence of at least two coronary segments with mixed plaques was 4%, increasing up to 18 and 41% with CACS of 11–100 and >100. The respective prevalence of ≥2 coronary segments (calcified plaques) with increasing CACS were 6%, 16 and 26% (P = 0.01) and of non-calcified plaques were 6%, 6 and 11% (P = 0.71). In multivariable adjusted analyses, those with CACS >100 were 7.17 times (95% CI: 1.36–37.68) more likely to have ≥2 coronary segments with calcified plaque comparing with CACS 1–10. On the other hand the respective risk was higher for presence of ≥2 segments with mixed plaques (odds ratio: 15.81, 95% CI: 3.14–79.58). Absence of CAC is associated with a negligible presence of any atherosclerotic disease as detected by CCTA in asymptomatic population. A higher CACS is more likely to be associated with heterogeneous coronary plaque (combination of calcified, non-calcified, and mixed plaques), and appears to be more strongly associated with a higher burden of mixed plaque.     

多层螺旋CT评价主动脉瓣钙化与冠状动脉斑块性质相关性研究

目的 探讨256层iCT评价主动脉瓣钙化（AVC）与冠状动脉斑块性质的相关性。方法 收集可疑冠状动脉性心脏病患者223例,行冠状动脉CTA（CCTA）。根据有无AVC将患者分为AVC组（n=55）和对照组（n=168）,将冠状动脉斑块分为钙化斑块（CP）、非钙化斑块（NCP）、混合斑块（MP）,并进行统计学分析。结果 AVC组与对照组CP、MP检出率、严重狭窄发生率、冠状动脉钙化积分和冠状动脉病变节段数的差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）,而NCP检出率和多支血管病变发生率差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示AVC与CP、MP、多支病变和严重狭窄的发生均存在独立相关性（OR=3.53、3.51、3.13、5.80,95%CI:1.66~7.50、1.59~7.79、1.45~6.77、2.30~14.60,P均<0.05）,而与NCP的发生无相关性（P>0.05）。结论 AVC与冠状动脉CP和MP的发生独立相关,且AVC的出现多提示冠状动脉病变累及范围更广、更严重。