中国黄海柄海鞘的化学成分

目的:对采自中国黄海的柄海鞘(Styela clava)的化学成分进行研究,从中寻找有生物活性的次生代谢产物。方法:用硅胶柱层析和凝胶柱层析对柄海鞘的丙酮提取物进行分离纯化,根据其化学性质,结合现代波谱技术(MS,NMR等),对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果:分离得到3个类胡萝卜素和1个芳香胺类化合物,其结构分别鉴定为mytiloxanthinone(1)、fucoxanthin(2)、all-trans-astaxanthin(3)和naphthalen-2-yl-phenyl-amine(4)。结论:这些化合物均系首次从柄海鞘中分离得到,并首次对化合物mytiloxanthinon(1)和fucoxanthin(2)的1H和13C NMR数据进行了全归属。     

列精海鞘化学成分研究

目的研究列精海鞘Amaroucium sp.的化学成分。方法采用多种分离技术对列精海鞘乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位分离纯化,根据其理化数据和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到5个化合物,结构鉴定为尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶核苷、尿嘧啶脱氧核苷和胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷。结论以上5个化合物均为首次从该海洋动物中分离得到。     

Granulatimide and 6-bromogranulatimide, minor alkaloids of the Brazilian ascidian Didemnum granulatum.

Reinvestigation of the extract of the ascidian Didemnum granulatum collected on the Brazilian coastline led to the isolation of two minor compounds, granulatimide (2) and 6-bromogranulatimide (3), which have been identified by analysis of their spectroscopic data. The isolation of 2 and 3 from D. granulatum corroborates previous assumptions about the occurrence of granulatimide as a natural product.     

New meroterpenoids from the Ascidian Aplidium conicum

The ascidian Aplidium conicum from Tarifa Island contains the four new meroterpenoids conidione (1), conicol (2), 2-[(1'E)-3'-methoxy-3',7'-dimethylocta-1',6'-dienyl]benzene-1,4-diol (3), and conitriol (4) together with five related known compounds (5-9). It is proposed that the nonaromatic compound conidione (1) was derived by cyclization of an intermediate conitriol quinone 11. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectral data.     

Polycitone B and prepolycitrin A: two novel alkaloids from the marine ascidian Polycitor africanus

Two novel compounds, polycitone B (4) and prepolycitrin A (3), were isolated from the marine ascidian Polycitor africanus. The structures of these new dibromotyrosine metabolites were established mainly on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data. Isolation of compound 3 supports the earlier suggestion that it is the bioprecursor of polycitrin A (2).     

New 4-methoxybenzoyl derivatives from the ascidian Polycarpa aurata.

From the hydrophilic extract of the ascidian Polycarpa aurata three new compounds, N-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-N'-methylguanidine (1), butyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetate (2), and 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-methyl-2-oxoacetamide (3), together with the known compounds methyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxoacetate (4) and 4-methoxybenzoic acid were isolated. The structures of all isolates were determined from their spectroscopic data (NMR, MS, IR, UV).     

Anti-inflammatory thiazine alkaloids isolated from the New Zealand ascidian Aplidium sp.: inhibitors of the neutrophil respiratory burst in a model of gouty arthritis

Ascidiathiazones A (3) and B (4), two new tricyclic thiazine-containing quinolinequinone alkaloids, were isolated from the New Zealand ascidian Aplidium species. Both compounds inhibited the in vitro production of superoxide by PMA-stimulated human neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 1.55 +/- 0.32 and 0.44 +/- 0.09 microM, respectively. In vivo inhibition of superoxide production by peritoneal neutrophils in a murine model of gout was observed for both compounds with oral doses of 25.6 micromol/kg. Ascidiathiazone A (3) was synthesized in four steps from 8-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid.     

Stolonic acids A and B, new cytotoxic cyclic peroxides from an Indian Ocean ascidian Stolonica species

Two new 3,6-epidioxy-7,10-tetrahydrofurano C(26) unsaturated fatty acids, stolonic acids A (1) and B (2), were isolated from a previously undescribed ascidian species, Stolonica sp. collected off the Maldive Islands in the Indian Ocean. The structures and relative stereochemistry of 1 and 2 were determined using conventional spectroscopic methods. Both compounds exhibited antiproliferative activity against selected human melanoma and ovarian tumor cell lines, with IC(50) values of approximately 0.05-0.1 microg/mL.     

Novel bioactive sulfated alkene and alkanes from the mediterranean ascidian Halocynthia papillosa

Three sulfated alkene and alkanes-(R)-2,6-dimethylheptyl sulfate (1), 6-methylheptyl sulfate (2a), and (E)-5-octenyl sulfate (3a)-with cytotoxic activity in vitro, have been isolated from the Mediterranean ascidian Halocynthia papillosa. The structures of the new compounds 2a and 3a have been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis.     

Lissoclibadins 4-7, polysulfur aromatic alkaloids from the Indonesian ascidian Lissoclinum cf. badium

Four new polysulfur aromatic alkaloids, lissoclibadins 4 (1), 5 (2), 6 (3), and 7 (4), were isolated from the ascidian Lissoclinum cf. badium collected in Indonesia, together with seven known alkaloids, lissoclibadins 1 (5), 2 (6), and 3 (7), lissoclinotoxins E (8) and F (9), 3,4-dimethoxy-6-(2'-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(methylthio)benzotrithiane (10), and N,N-dimethyl-5-(methylthio)varacin (11). Compounds 1-11 were isolated from the ascidian collected in March (wet season), while 5-11 have been obtained previously from the organism collected in September (dry season) at the same site. The structures of the new compounds were assigned on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Lissoclibadins 4-7 (1-4) inhibited the colony formation of Chinese hamster V79 cells with EC50 values of 0.71, 0.06, 0.06, and 0.17 microM, respectively. Compounds 1-4 showed also weak antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.     

Meroterpenes from the ascidian Aplidium aff. densum

Chemical investigation of the ascidian Aplidium aff. densum collected at Masirah Island, Oman, has resulted in the isolation of five meroterpenes: two new ones, methoxyconidiol (1) and didehydroconicol (2), and three related, known compounds, 3-5. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by a combination of mass spectrometry and one- and two-dimensional high-field NMR techniques. Their biological activities against bacteria and human lymphoblastic cell lines were evaluated.     

New cytotoxic N-methylated beta-carboline alkaloids from the marine ascidian Eudistoma gilboverde.

Bioassay-guided fractionation of an extract of the marine ascidian Eudistoma gilboverde provided three new beta-carboline alkaloids identified as 2-methyleudistomin D (1), 2-methyleudistomin J (2), and 14-methyleudistomidin C (3). Six known metabolites, eudistomins C, D (4), E, J (5), K, and L, were also isolated and characterized. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and by comparison of their spectral data with related literature values. Of the three new compounds, 14-methyleudistomidin C (3) exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC(50)'s of < 1.0 microg/mL against four different human tumor cell lines.     

Cytotoxic staurosporines from the marine ascidian Cystodytes solitus

Two new indolocarbazole alkaloids, 7-oxo-3,8,9-trihydroxystaurosporine (1) and 7-oxo-8,9-dihydroxy-4'-N-demethylstaurosporine (2), were isolated from samples of the marine ascidian Cystodytes solitus. Their structures were determined by a combination of spectroscopic techniques, including (+)-HRMALDITOFMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and comparison with published data for related structures. Both compounds displayed strong cytotoxicity against three human tumor cell lines.     

Terpenoids Produced by Actinomycetes: Napyradiomycins from Streptomyces antimycoticus NT17

Napyradiomycin SR ( 1), 16-dechloro-16-hydroxynapyradiomycin C2 ( 2), 18-hydroxynapyradiomycin A1 ( 3), 18-oxonapyradiomycin A1 ( 4), 16-oxonapyradiomycin A2 ( 5), 7-demethyl SF2415A3 ( 6), 7-demethyl A80915B ( 7), and ( R)-3-chloro-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-alpha-lapachone ( 8) were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces antimycoticus NT17. These compounds are derivatives of the napyradiomycins isolated previously from Chainia rubra or Streptomyces aculeolatus. The structures of the new compounds, some of which exhibit antibacterial activities, were established by comparing their NMR data with data of related known compounds. The unique structure of 1, containing a highly strained ring, was established by NMR and was confirmed by X-ray analysis. Two of the compounds are C-16 stereoisomers of napyradiomycin A2 and are named napyradiomycins A2a ( 9a) and A2b ( 9b).     

A novel modified pterin from a Eudistoma species ascidian

The MeOH extract of an Indonesia Eudistoma sp. ascidian contained 1,3,O(7)-trimethylisoxanthopterin (1), a novel pteridine. The purification of 1 was achieved through flash C(18) chromatography and cyano HPLC. The structure was determined primarily through the use of (1)H-(13)C and (1)H-(15)N HMBC measurements and comparison with data obtained for 1,3,7-trimethylguanine (2).     

龙胆泻肝汤中一个新的二氢查尔酮苷

目的：研究龙胆泻肝汤的化学成分。方法：硅胶柱，反向C18柱，Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术进行分离纯化＇才艮据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果：从龙胆泻肝汤中分离并鉴定了5个化合物，分别为：2′，4′-dihydroxydihydro chalcone-3′-C-β-glucopyranosyl-6′-D-β-D-glucopyranoside（1），异甘草苷元（2），剌甘草查尔酮（3），甘草查尔酮B（4），异甘草苷（5）。结论：化合物1为新化合物，化合物2～5为首次从龙胆泻肝汤中分离得到。     

狗牙根化学成分的研究

目的研究狗牙根的化学成分。方法狗牙根95%乙醇提取物正丁醇部位采用MCI、Rp-C18、半制备HPLC进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。结果从中分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为monocerin (1)、绿原酸甲酯(2)、4-O-香豆酰基奎宁酸甲酯(3)、5-O-阿魏酰奎宁酸(4)、异血红酸(5)、麦芽酚-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、1, 4-二甲氧基吩嗪(7)、19α-羟基齐墩果酮酸(8)、3-羟基-1-(4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯基)-2-[4-(3-羟基-1-(E)-丙烯基)-2,6-二甲氧基苯氧基]丙基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9)、4,5-二咖啡酰基奎宁酸甲酯(10)、苯甲酸(11)、4-羟基-邻茴香醛(12)、阿替匹林C(13)。结论所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Eudistomins W and X,two new beta-carbolines from the micronesian tunicate Eudistoma sp

Chemical investigation of the Micronesian ascidian Eudistoma sp. afforded two new eudistomin congeners, which were designated eudistomins W (1) and X (2). The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously established on the basis of NMR spectroscopic ((1)H, (13)C, COSY, (1)H detected direct, and long-range (13)C-(1)H correlations) and mass spectrometric (EI and ESIMS) data. Compound 2 exhibited antibiotic activity toward Bacillus subtilis, Staphyloccocus aureus, and Escherichia coli and was also found to be fungicidal against Candida albicans in an agar diffusion assay. Compound 1 was selectively active against C. albicans but showed no antibacterial activity.     

斜脉暗罗茎化学成分研究(Ⅰ)

目的 研究斜脉暗罗Polyalthia plagioneura茎的化学成分.方法 95%乙醇提取斜脉暗罗茎,制备总浸膏,硅胶柱色谱分离其成分,理化性质和波谱法鉴定其结构.结果 分离得到12个已知化合物,分别为马坎哥纳香碱A(1)、邻苯二甲酸正丁基异丁基酯(2)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(3)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(4)、丁香醛(5)、对羟基苯甲醛(6)、香草醛(7)、异吴萸酮酚(8)、乌苏酸(9)、木栓酮(10)、邻羟基苯甲酸(11)、4-羟基-2-甲氧基-3,6-二甲基苯甲酸(12).结论 化合物1～6、8、11、12为首次从该属植物中分离得到,所有化合物均为首次从该植物中得到.     

金铁锁中一个新的三萜皂苷

目的：研究金铁锁根的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱和反相色谱分离纯化,利用ESI—MS,EI-MS,NMR确定化合物结构。结果：分离并鉴定了3个化合物,分别为3-O-β-D—galactopyranosyl-（1→2）-[β-D—xylopyranosyl-（1—3）]-β-D-6-O—methylglucuronopyranosyl—gypsogenin（1）,2α—hydroxy—ursolic acid（2）,tormentic acid（3）。结论：化合物1为新化合物,化合物2、3均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。