The effect of prenatal music therapy on fetal and neonatal status: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the effects of prenatal music therapy on fetal and neonatal status.Design and settingA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.InterventionsOvid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched for studies investigating the effects of prenatal music therapy. Two independent investigators carried out the literature selection, data analysis, and evidence quality assessment. Eligible studies were qualitatively described and synthesized using meta-analyses.Main outcome measuresThe outcomes included fetal or neonatal status.ResultsAfter screening the 821 records yielded by the systematic search, we identified nine eligible studies involving 1419 pregnant women. Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, and three outcomes were synthesized. Compared with no music therapy, prenatal music therapy did not change fetal heart rate (mean difference [95 % CI]: -0.28 [-3.75–3.20] beat/min, P = 0.88, moderate quality), number of fetal movements (mean difference [95 % CI]: 0.50 [-0.79–1.78] time/min, P = 0.45, low quality), or number of accelerations (mean difference [95 % CI]: 0.16 [-0.87–1.19] time/min, P = 0.76, low quality). This result did not change when two studies with a high risk of bias were excluded. Subgroup analysis showed that prenatal music therapy did not change fetal heart rate, number of fetal movements, or number of accelerations in different intervention phases.ConclusionsPrenatal music therapy might not change fetal and neonatal status. However, more systematic strategies of prenatal music therapy deserve further exploration.     

The effect of music therapy on reducing depression in people with dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of music therapy on reducing depression for people with dementia during different intervention intervals. A systematic review with a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The databases surveyed include AgeLine, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane. Seven studies were included in this review. The result revealed that music therapy significantly reduced depression at six, eight, and 16 weeks. This study also supported that music therapy significantly improved depression when the results of six studies with medium-term interventions were pooled. However, no evidence of effect of music therapy on depression was observed at three, four, 12 weeks, and five months during intervention, and one and two months after the cease of music therapy. Music therapy without a music therapist involved did not significantly reduce depression at any time. Medium-term of music therapy might be appropriate in reducing depression for people with dementia.     

Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy on pain in children:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Aims:Animal-assisted therapy(AAT)relieves pain by creating a relaxed and comfortable environment to reduce anxiety in children.Yet little is known about its eff...     

The effect of massage therapy on sleep/awake patterns in the preterm infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this systematic review study was investigating the effect of massage on the sleep and awake pattern of premature infants. All articles published in English and Persian until the end of 2020 in databases including Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochran library, Google scholar and the Farsi databases (SID and IranMedex) were searched. The included studies were randomized, controlled, clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies that investigated the effect of massage therapy or Tactile-kinesthetic stimulation on sleep/awake pattern. The heterogeneity was examined using I². Five studies were entered in this systematic review. The mean total awake time was significantly higher in the massage group compared to the standard care group (SMD = 1.00; 95%CI: 0.09 to 1.90; P = 0.03). However, there was no significant difference between the massage group and standard care group in terms of total sleep. NICU nurses can incorporate massage into daily routine care based on the results of this present review.Registration number in the prosperoCRD42020153546.     

Oxygen therapy for acute myocardial infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundPotential benefits or risks of oxygen inhalation for patients with acute myocardial infarction are not fully understood.ObjectiveWe performed this study to systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of oxygen therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesWe searched randomized controlled trials systematically in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library up to June 2016.Review methodsRandomized controlled trials that estimated the effectiveness and safety of oxygen therapy for patients with acute myocardial infarction were identified by two independent reviewers. The primary outcomes were short-term mortality and recurrent rate of myocardial infarction, and the secondary outcomes were arrhythmia incidence and pain incidence. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to measure the pooled data.ResultsA total of five randomized controlled trials were in accordance with inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with no oxygen group, the oxygen group did not significantly reduce short-term death (RR: 1.08, 95%CI: 0.31–3.74), and there was moderate heterogeneity (I² = 50.8%, P < 0.107) among studies. We found a significant increase in the rate of recurrent myocardial infarction (RR: 6.73, 95%CI: 1.80–25.17, I² = 0.0%, P = 0.598) in the oxygen group. The oxygen group did not have a significant reduction in arrhythmia (RR: 1.12, 95%CI: 0.91–1.36; I² = 46.2%, P < 0.156) or pain (RR: 0.97, 95%CI: 0.91–1.04; I² = 7.2%, P = 0.340).ConclusionsOxygen inhalation did not benefit patients with acute myocardial infarction with normal oxygen saturation. It may increase the rate of recurrent myocardial infarction. High quality trials with larger sample sizes are required.     

The effect of lavender on stress in individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundLavender is considered as one of the medicinal plants to manage stress. Although many preliminary studies evaluated the effect of lavender on individuals’ stress level, to the best of our knowledge, we did not find a study that summarizes the results. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the Pooled effect of lavender on the stress level of individuals using systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodA systematic literature review based on PRISMA 2020 was performed on the SID, MagIran, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) databases, and Google Scholar motor engine using related MeSH/Emtree and ‎Free Text words,‎ including “Lavender*”, “Lavandula*”, “Stress*”, “Stress Disorders, Traumatic”, and “Stress, Psychological” with no time limitation until August 2021: We also searched two Iranain free local resourses including MagIran https://www.magiran.com and Scientific Information Database (SID) https://www.sid.ir. The quality assessment of studies was performed using JBI checklist. Heterogeneity among studies was quantified using I² index and Random Effects model was used to combine the data and perform the meta-analysis.ResultsIn the initial search, 1520 articles were found. After excluding the irrelevant studies, finally, 21 articles with a sample size of 791 in the intervention group and 804 in the control group were included in the meta-analysis. As a result of combining the studies, stress score after using lavender in the intervention group showed a significant decrease of 0.63 ± 0.13 (95% CI) more than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The results of subgroup analysis demonstrated that the highest standardized mean difference (SMD) before and after the intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group was related to L. angustifolia species with 0.73 ± 0.22, student groups with 2.27 ± 1.34, and diagnostic tool of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) with 0.82 ± 0.42, indicating that the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe pooled estimation of this systematic reiew and meta-analysis revealed that lavender significantly reduces individuals’ stress. Therefore, it seems that the use of lavender can be considered as a part of a stress management programs, especially in student groups.     

Efficacy of laser therapy for temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy in temporomandibular disorders (TMD).MethodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) in regard to this issue were searched in electronic databases. Three investigators independently screened the eligible studies, and the quality of the included studies was assessed according to the risk of bias tool recommended by the Cochrane handbook. The primary outcome measure was the degree of pain, reported on a visual analog scale (VAS), and the secondary outcome measures were TMJ function, including maximum active vertical opening (MAVO), maximum passive vertical opening (MPVO), left and right lateral movement (LLE, RLE). Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random effects models and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsA total of 28 randomized controlled trials were included. Laser therapy had a more significant effect in terms of VAS (SMD=﹣1.88; 95% CI=﹣2.46 to﹣1.30; P < 0.00001; I² =93%), MAVO (MD = 4.90; 95% CI= 3.29–6.50; P < 0.00001; I² =72%), MPVO (MD=5.8²; 95% CI= 4.62–7.01; P < 0.00001; I² =40%) and RLE (MD = 0.73; 95% CI= 0.23–1.22; P = 0.004; I² = 0%) as compared to placebo group. However, there was no significant difference in LLE between two groups (MD= 0.35; 95% CI=﹣0.31–1.01; P = 0.30; I² =0%).ConclusionsLaser therapy can effectively reduce pain but have small effect on improving mandibular movement of TMD patients. More well-designed RCTs with large sample sizes are needed for further validation. And these studies should report detailed laser parameters and provide complete outcome measure data.     

The effect of pomegranate on oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivePomegranate contains remarkable amounts of phenolic ingredients and it has been related to the antioxidant capacity of this fruit. Several primary studies show that pomegranate intake can improve antioxidant status. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis consisted in investigating the effect of pomegranate on oxidative stress (OS) parameters.MethodsA comprehensive electronic database search in Scopus, Web of science, Embase, Cochrane library and Medline was performed to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of included studies was performed on selected variables using a random-effects model. Quality assessment was conducted by means of Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool.ResultsSystematic search yielded 575 references. A total of 11 RCTs reporting data from 484 participants included. Meta-analysis of data from 11 included RCTs did not support convincing evidence as to a significant increasing effect of pomegranate intake in TAC (SMD: 0.43 ; 95 %CI: -0.19, 1.06), Gpx (SMD: 0.18, 95 % CI: -0.25, 0.62, p = 0.4) and paraxonase (SMD: 0.36, 95 % CI: -0.50, 1.22, p= 0.41) as well as not significant decrease in Malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD: -0.81, 95 % CI: -1.79, 0.09, P = 0.08).ConclusionFuture well-designed clinical trials are needed before definite conclusive claims can be made about the effect of pomegranate on OS parameters.     

The effect of music therapy on anxiety and pain in patients undergoing prostate biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the effect of music therapy on pain, anxiety and physiologic parameters in patients undergoing prostate biopsy.Design and settingA systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.InterventionsFive databases were systematically searched. The included studies reported randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of music therapy and non-music therapy on pain, anxiety, and physiologic parameters in patients undergoing prostate biopsy. The random-effects meta-analyses were performed for data synthesis.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was pain; secondary outcomes included anxiety and physiologic parameters.ResultsWe analyzed seven eligible studies involving 662 males undergoing prostate biopsy. We synthesized the mean difference between music and control groups in different outcomes. Compared with control groups, music therapy reduced pain (visual analog scale score, mean difference [95% CI]: −0.92 [−1.68 to −0.17], P = 0.017, low quality) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory equivalent scale score, mean difference [95% CI]: −4.37 [−7.72 to −1.03], P = 0.010, low quality) after the prostate biopsy. In terms of the physiological parameters, music therapy only slightly reduced heart rate, but not blood pressure and respiratory rate after the prostate biopsy.ConclusionsLow quality of evidence showed that music therapy during prostate biopsy might reduce pain and anxiety. However, a good standard of music intervention was lacking. Cost-effective analyses are warranted to better delineate the value of music therapies for prostate biopsy.     

Effect of Baduanjin exercise on the cognitive function of middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundAge-related cognitive decline is a pervasive problem in the ageing population. Baduanjin training is a mind-body exercise with the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, and increasing numbers of studies have reported its usefulness in modulating the cognitive performance of various populations. However, no systematic review has evaluated the effect of Baduanjin training on cognition in middle-aged and older adults.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effects of Baduanjin on the global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains of middle-aged and elderly people.MethodsFour literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, and Web of Science) and four Chinese databases (Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical and China Biology Medicine) were searched from inception through May 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of Baduanjin exercise on the cognitive function of middle-aged and elderly people were included. Assessment of the risk of bias for the included studies and data synthesis were conducted using the software Review Manager 5.3 based on the methods given in the Cochrane Handbook.ResultsBaduanjin training showed significant benefit for global cognitive function and parts of specific domains of cognition, including general memory and its sub-domains (i.e., immediate memory and delayed memory), executive function, and processing speed, but no significant difference was found in attention function, visual-spatial ability or long-term memory (a sub-domain of memory). No related adverse events were reported in the included studies.ConclusionsThe findings of this review suggest that Baduanjin is safe and effective in enhancing global cognitive function and memory in middle-aged and older adults and potentially beneficial to parts of the other specific domains of cognition, including executive function and processing speed. However, additional trials with larger sample sizes and a more rigorous design are needed before more definitive conclusions can be drawn.     

Antipyretic therapy in febrile critically ill adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose

To determine whether fever control with antipyretic therapy effects the mortality of febrile critically ill adults.

Methods

Systematic review using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and 2 clinical trial registries from inception to April 2012. Randomized clinical trials comparing treatment of fever with no treatment or comparing different thresholds for fever control in adults without acute neurological injury admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) were selected for review. The effect of fever control on all-cause ICU-mortality was determined using a random effects meta-analysis.

Results

Five randomized clinical trials in 399 patients were included. The temperature threshold for treatment in the intervention group was commonly 38.3°C to 38.5°C, whereas it was typically 40.0°C for controls. Four studies used physical measures and 3 used pharmacologic measures for temperature control. There was no significant heterogeneity among the included studies (I² = 12.5%, P = .3). Fever control did not significantly effect ICU mortality with a pooled risk ratio of 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.58-1.63, P = .9).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis found no evidence that fever treatment influences mortality in critically ill adults without acute neurological injury. However, studies were underpowered to detect clinically important differences.     

Massage therapy for the treatment of neonatal jaundice: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Neonatal jaundice is a common health problem seen in 60–80% of newborns. Electronic search in nine databases was done for randomized controlled trials. Twenty seven studies were eligible for quantitative analysis. For neonates requiring phototherapy (PT), in 3rd and 4th days of life, massage and phototherapy was more effective in reducing bilirubin, compared to phototherapy alone. However, this effect became insignificant in the 14th day of life. In contrast, massage with enema and phototherapy significantly reduced bilirubin at the age of 14 days. For neonates not requiring PT, the best reduction was observed with the acupressure massage between the 3rd and 7th days. In the 14th day, massage combined with bathing appears to be the most effective. Massage therapy could be an effective adjuvant to PT in order to reduce the PT duration. However, it did not reduce the requirement for PT.     

The effect of massage on cortisol level in infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PurposeThis systematic review investigated the effect of massage on cortisol level in infants.MethodsThe search was carried out in electronic databases in June 2021 without time limit. Cochrane guidelines were used to assess the risk of bias. The meta-analysis results were reported as the mean difference with a 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using I-squared.ResultsFrom 3327 articles, nine articles were eligible and finally six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean cortisol level was significantly lower in the massage group than the control group (MD = −0.66; 95% CI: 1.21to-0.10; P = 0.02; I² = 84%; df = 7; Chi² = 43.06,P < 0.00001).DiscussionIt is suggested that further studies be conducted with laboratory measurement, longer time interventions and larger sample sizes to confirm the effect of massage on cortisol level in infants.     

The effect of hemodialysis on N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundN-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP) increases in patients with heart failure and renal failure. Hemodialysis is a useful treatment to these patients. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic and meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of hemodialysis on NT-pro BNP concentration.MethodsRelevant studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Medline, Embase, OVID, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine (CBM) and Google Scholar. Standard errors of mean difference along with its 95% CI were calculated to assess the association of hemodialysis and NT-pro BNP concentration. Heterogeneity, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were explored.ResultsIndividual patient data was obtained from 270 participants in seven articles suffered from chronic renal failure with regular hemodialysis, which was standard normal distribution. A fixed effects model suggested a pooled mean difference of 79.265 (95% CI: −331.172–489.702) without heterogeneity (Q = 0.70 df = 6 p = 0.994 I² = 0.0%). The adults group estimated a MD of 209.958 (95% CI: −3080.76–3500.67; p = 0.900) with no heterogeneity (Q = 0.70 df = 4 p = 0.983 I² = 0.0%). In the four articles whose data were not standard normal distribution, hemodiafiltration protocols were similar; three articles reported increasing and one decreasing in NT-proBNP concentration.ConclusionsFinding of this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that NT-pro BNP may not been influenced by hemodialysis, and it could not been used to determine if heart failure is improving in patients with renal failure who are treated with hemodialysis.     

The effect of Chinese herbal medicine on hemorrhagic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundChinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock (HS) in China. Many controlled trials have been undertaken to investigate its efficacy.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CHM for Hemorrhagic Shock patients.MethodsWe screening the Web of ScienceDirect database, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China Biomedical Database web (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang database (WF), from inception to January 2015. All the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared CHM plus conventional therapy with conventional therapy alone for HS patients were included. Meta-analysis on included studies was performed using fixed-effects model with RevMan 5.2. Risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as effect measure. STATA 12.0 was used for publication bias.ResultsFifteen RCTs involving 1076 participants were included in the meta-analysis. CHM combined with conventional therapy was tested to be more effective in reduce mortality (RR = 0.24, 95%CI:0.13–0.46, P < 0.0001), reduce the incidence of MODS (RR = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.34–0.66,P < 0.00001), symptomatic improvement: increase blood pressure (BP) (MD = 8.83, 95%CI:6.82–10.84,P < 0.00001), regulate heart rate (MD = −7.6,95%CI:−9.17 to −6.02,P < 0.00001), increase urine volume (MD = 7.26, 95%CI:5.00–9.53, P < 0.00001), compared with conventional therapy alone. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsCHM combined with conventional therapy seems to be more effective on HS patients. However, the analysis results should be interpreted with caution due to the low methodological quality of the included trials. Future, the rigorously designed, high methodological quality, multicenter and large-scale trials are needed to confirm these conclusions.     

Effect of uric acid-lowering therapy on blood pressure: systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine if uric acid-lowering therapy is associated with a decrease in blood pressure (BP) and serum creatinine levels.

Materials and methods: Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched until 29 June 2016, with keywords: uric-acid-lowering therapy, allopurinol, febuxostat, uricosuric, and BP. Only randomized controlled trials were included. The primary outcomes were reduction in systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and secondary was reduction in serum creatinine level.

Results: Patients treated with allopurinol had greater reduction in SBP (standardized difference in means [SDM]?=?0.321, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.145–0.497, p?300?mg/day) in patients receiving antihypertensive drugs.

Conclusions: These results support that allopurinol decreases BP and creatinine levels in patients with hyperuricemia.

• KEY MESSAGES

• Allopurinol decreases SBP and DPB, and creatinine levels in patients with hyperuricemia.

• Allopurinol resulted in a significant decrease in SBP in patients with or without treatment of antihypertensive drugs.

• A dose of allopurinol of ≤300?mg per day might be more effective than a higher dose.