复合碘消毒皮肤对血糖监测值的影响

目的探讨采用复合碘取代75%乙醇消毒皮肤进行血糖监测的可行性。方法对56名健康人分别用复合碘和75％乙醇消毒后采集指尖血进行血糖监测，将血糖值进行比较。结果两种方法皮肤消毒后所测血糖值比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。结论复合碘用于血糖监测的皮肤消毒可行，对血糖监测值无影响。     

复合碘消毒皮肤对血糖监测值的影响

目的 探讨采用复合碘取代75%乙醇消毒皮肤进行血糖监测的可行性.方法 对56名健康人分别用复合碘和75%乙醇消毒后采集指尖血进行血糖监测,将血糖值进行比较.结果 两种方法 皮肤消毒后所测血糖值比较,差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论 复合碘用于血糖监测的皮肤消毒可行,对血糖监测值无影响.     

氯胺酮及羟丁酸钠对离体兔气管平滑肌的影响

用电场刺激方法研究氯胺酮及羟丁酸钠对离体兔气管平滑肌张力的影响。结果表明，ＫＡ２ｍｇ／１００ｍｌ及γ－ＯＨ１００ｍｇ／１００ｍｌ均减弱ＥＦＳ引起的平滑肌收缩反应，均有非常显著的统计学差异。     

氨基酸对未成熟心肌保护作用的实验研究

研究天门冬氨酸或（和）谷氨酸强化血停搏液对未成熟心肌的保护效果。将２４只出生３～４周新西兰幼兔随机均分成４组：Ｉ组为冷血停搏液组，Ｉ组天门冬氨酸（２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）强化组，ＩＩ组谷氨酸（２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）强化组，ＩＶ组谷氨酸加天门冬氨酸（各２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）强化组。结果表明，心功能指标心输出量（ＣＯ）恢复百分率ＩＶ组、Ｉ组明显少于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；左室收缩压（ＬＶＳＰ）恢复百分率Ｉ、ＩＩ、ＩＶ组明显少于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；左室舒张压（ＬＶＤＰ）及左室压力微分（ｄｐ／ｄｔ）恢复百分率Ｉ、ＩＩ、ＩＶ组优于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）和磷酸肌酶（ＣＫ）漏出量（Ｕ／Ｌ）中，ＬＤＨ漏出量Ｉ组优于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＩＩ、ＩＶ组明显优于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＣＫ漏出量ＩＩ、ＩＶ组明显优于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｉ、ＩＩ、ＩＶ组心肌含水量（％）明显优于Ｉ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。Ｉ、ＩＩ、ＩＶ组心肌结构保护明显优于Ｉ组。结论：谷氨酸或（和）天门冬氨酸强化血停搏液能明显增强对未成熟心肌的保护作用。氨基酸强化组间之所以差别不显著可能与模型有关     

不同取血方法对快速血糖仪测量值的影响

为了探讨手指不同取血方法对快速血糖仪测量值的影响,按取血方法随机分为自然流出组（Ａ组）、按摩组（Ｂ组）,挤血组（Ｃ组）,每组２０例。患者晚饭后空腹１２ｈ,于次日晨选择其左手无名指采取末梢血即在床边用快速血糖仪检测,同时抽取静脉血送实验室用已糖激酶法（ＨＫ法）作检测对照,采用配对资料ｔ检验进行统计学分析。结果：Ａ组快速血糖仪测量值与ＨＫ法较为接近（ｔ＝１．１８３,Ｐ〉０．０５）;Ｂ组快速血糖仪测量值     

Indirect Measurement of Systolic Blood Pressure in the Rabbit

Long-term studies of rabbit blood pressure require a reliable method for repeated blood pressure measurements. Ideally, this method would be simple, noninvasive, and accurate over the range of anticipated blood pressures. To facilitate our own studies of rabbit carotid artery graft patency, we have developed a technique for the indirect measurement of systolic blood pressure in the rabbit that utilizes a photoplethysmograph sensor placed distal to an inflatable air bladder positioned over the central ear artery. We have compared measurements obtained with this method to direct measurements of aortic pressure and found a linear correlation.     

Effects of Compression on Growth Plates in the Rabbit

Compression was applied to the distal femoral growth plate in rabbits. Measurements of bone length and microscopic studies of the physis showed that the axial growth rate decreased proportionally with the compression force; forces greater than 30 N caused cartilage cell damage and rapid cessation of physeal growth.     

Effects of Compression on Growth Plates in the Rabbit

Compression was applied to the distal femoral growth plate in rabbits. Measurements of bone length and microscopic studies of the physis showed that the axial growth rate decreased proportionally with the compression force; forces greater than 30 N caused cartilage cell damage and rapid cessation of physeal growth.     

肝癌动脉血供初步研究

目的分析肝癌的动脉供血特点。方法分析有完整血管造影资料的肝癌患者366例,肝右叶肿瘤287例,肝左叶肿瘤49例,横跨左右叶者30例。常规行腹腔动脉、肠系膜上动脉数字血管造影,对可疑病例加行膈动脉、胃左动脉、脾动脉、右肾动脉、胸廓内乳动脉、支气管动脉等数字血管造影。结果参与肿瘤供血动脉,1条者157例(42.90%),2条者136例(37.16%),3条者57例(15.57%),4条者14例(3.82%),6条者2例(0.55%)。肝右动脉占50.71%(319/629),肝左动脉占26.39%(166/629),肝中动脉占1.27%(8/629),左膈动脉占0.79%(5/629),右膈动脉占6.20%(39/629),肠系膜上动脉占2.86%(18/629),胃左动脉占6.36%(40/629),胃十二指肠动脉占4.29%(27/629),右肾上腺动脉占0.64%(4/629),右支气管动脉、脾动脉、右胸廓内乳动脉均各占0.16%(1/629)。结论肝癌的血供来源以多动脉为主,除肝动脉供血外,非肝动脉分支的寄生供血也常见。     

Effects of Sodium Nitroprusside and Phenylephrine on Blood Flow in Free Musculocutaneous Flaps during General Anesthesia

Background: Hypoperfusion and necrosis in free flaps used to correct tissue defects remain important clinical problems. The authors studied the effects of two vasoactive drugs, sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine, which are used frequently in anesthetic practice, on total blood flow and microcirculatory flow in free musculocutaneous flaps during general anesthesia.

Methods: In a porcine model (n = 9) in which clinical conditions for anesthesia and microvascular surgery were simulated, latissimus dorsi free flaps were transferred to the lower extremity. Total blood flow in the flaps was measured using ultrasound flowmetry and microcirculatory flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. The effects of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine were studied during local infusion through the feeding artery of the flap and during systemic administration.

Results: Systemic sodium nitroprusside caused a 30% decrease in mean arterial pressure, but cardiac output did not change. The total flow in the flap decreased by 40% (P < 0.01), and microcirculatory flow decreased by 23% in the skin (P < 0.01) and by 30% in the muscle (P < 0.01) of the flap. Sodium nitroprusside infused locally into the flap artery increased the total flap flow by 20% (P < 0.01). Systemic phenylephrine caused a 30% increase in mean arterial pressure, whereas heart rate, cardiac output, and flap blood flow did not change. Local phenylephrine caused a 30% decrease (P < 0.01) in the total flap flow.     

The Effects of Loading on Cancellous Bone in the Rabbit

Mechanical stimuli are critical to the growth, maintenance, and repair of the skeleton. The adaptation of bone to mechanical forces has primarily been studied in cortical bone. As a result, the mechanisms of bone adaptation to mechanical forces are not well-understood in cancellous bone. Clinically, however, diseases such as osteoporosis primarily affect cancellous tissue and mechanical solutions could counteract cancellous bone loss. We previously developed an in vivo model in the rabbit to study cancellous functional adaptation by applying well-controlled mechanical loads to cancellous sites. In the rabbit, in vivo loading of the lateral aspect of the distal femoral condyle simulated the in vivo bone-implant environment and enhanced bone mass. Using animal-specific computational models and further in vivo experiments we demonstrate here that the number of loading cycles and loading duration modulate the cancellous response by increasing bone volume fraction and thickening trabeculae to reduce the strains experienced in the bone tissue with loading and stiffen the tissue in the loading direction. This project was funded by the Oxnard Foundation, the National Science Foundation (BES9753164, BES9875383), the National Institutes of Health (P30-AR46121), the Frese Foundation, the Clark Foundation, and the Kirby Foundation. Each author certifies that his or her institution has approved the animal protocol for this investigation and that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research. This work was performed at Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, and Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.     

股骨干骺端髓内血运阻断诱发兔膝关节骨性关节炎模型

目的：髓腔内血供阻断可能诱发邻近软骨退变，利用此方法可制作骨性关节炎的动物模型。方法：以髓腔内髓质刮除、骨蜡填充的方法，将20只成年大耳白兔的股骨远端干骺端髓内血供阻断。在术后8、16周时进行关节软骨的组织切片和透射电镜观察。结果：在术后8周时，关节软骨无显著性改变。在16周时关节软骨出现显著的退行性变。结论：实验证实，采用干骺端髓内血供阻断是获得满意的骨关节炎动物实验模型的好方法，并为骨关节炎的研究提供了一种新的动物模型。     

血小板源性生长因子对体外兔关节软骨细胞的生物学行为的影响

目的　了解血小板源性生长因子 (PDGF)对体外生长的兔关节软骨细胞的生物学效应 ,为组织工程构件软骨提供理论基础。方法　取第 3代兔关节软骨细胞体外单层培养 ,培养液DMEM中以终浓度分别为 3、 10、 30、 10 0、 30 0 μg .L 1的PDGF各作用细胞 2 ,4及 6d ,以MTT法检测细胞的增殖情况 ,并在 3μg .L 1PDGF作用下 ,采用流式细胞技术进行细胞周期亚时相分析。同时 ,检测基质中糖醛酸的变化反映蛋白多糖含量的变化。结果　结果显示在较低浓度 (3μg .L 1)PDGF即能明显促进培养软骨细胞的增殖 ,且以第 2d刺激效果最明显 ;增加因子浓度不能进一步促进细胞增殖。在 3～ 30 0 μg .L 1浓度下糖醛酸的含量变化不显著。结论　PDGF对培养软骨细胞以剂量时间依赖性方式刺激其增殖但对细胞的分泌功能代谢无明显影响