正畸治疗对患者生活质量的影响

目的：研究正畸治疗对患者日常行为的影响,评价患者在治疗过程中生活质量的变化。方法：随机抽取正畸治疗复诊患者400名进行间卷调查,年龄12～38岁,其中男133名,女267名,采用“口腔健康状况对日常行为影响量表”对患者进行测评。结果：①在各项日常行为中,正畸治疗对患者的进食、口腔卫生及社会交往影响较大,疗程越长对患者工作学习的影响越大,并有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。②对正畸治疗影响的主观感受程度,不同疗程及不同年龄组患者之间有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论：正畸治疗影响患者的生活质量,并在矫治初期、长疗程及成年患者中表现更为明显。     

A study of adult orthodontic patients and their treatment

This retrospective epidemiological study was undertaken to assess factors related to adult orthodontic treatment and to identify any associated trends. Case records of all patients (676) aged 18 years or over at the start of active orthodontic treatment at the Eastman Dental Hospital, London were examined. Variables associated with patients and their treatment (age, sex, source of referral, malocclusion, type of appliance, and interdisciplinary treatment including orthognathic surgery) were studied and the data analysed statistically. Findings revealed that the number of adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment has increased significantly, especially since 1985. The age of the patients treated was also found to increase in recent years. The percentage of female patients (72 per cent) Class III malocclusions (21.6 per cent) and Class III skeletal bases (26.2 per cent) was higher than found in studies on children. Most of the treatments required fixed appliances and over half involved interdisciplinary treatment, with an increase in the percentage of orthognathic surgical cases. Surgery was significantly more common in males (P less than 0.01) and highly significantly associated with Class III malocclusions and skeletal III bases (P less than 0.001). Twenty-five per cent of adult patients were found to have had a previous course of orthodontic treatment though these patients were not significantly different from adult patients presenting for the first course of treatment.     

正畸治疗对青少年和其父母焦虑水平影响的研究

[摘要] 目的 调查正畸治疗对青少年正畸患者和其父母焦虑水平的影响。 方法 随机选取140名在温州医科大学附属口腔医院就诊患者分为初诊组和正畸治疗1年后复诊组各70名。采用状态-特质焦虑量表进行调查分析不同性别和组别焦虑水平的不同,测量结果使用配对t检验。 结果 初诊组患者和其家长的状态焦虑和特质焦虑值较高,并且显著高于复诊组患者,差异有统计学意义。 结论 正畸治疗可以降低患者的焦虑水平。     

I want braces: factors motivating patients and their parents to seek orthodontic treatment

OBJECTIVE: To determine patients' and parents'/guardians' motivation for orthodontic treatment. BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN: A self-completion postal questionnaire survey of new patients referred for orthodontic assessment. CLINICAL SETTING: Kent and Canterbury Hospital (January 2003-January 2004). PARTICIPANTS: Five hundred patients referred from general dental practice and community dental service within East Kent. RESULTS: Response rate was 66%. Fifty percent of the patients were between 11 and 13-years-old. In 81% of cases referral was initiated by the dentist. Most of the patients (87%) were concerned with the appearance of their teeth, 38% reported teasing related to their dental appearance. Only 20% of patients thought there was nothing wrong with their teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The patients' general dental practitioner initiated referral for orthodontic treatment in the majority of the cases. Most patients and parents appeared to be highly motivated and accepting of appliances for orthodontic treatment. Teasing was a commonly reported consequence of malocclusion with negative psychosocial impact.     

新型冠状病毒感染防控时期口腔外科门诊诊疗的专家建议

随着新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发及蔓延,口腔诊疗过程中带来的感染风险也迅速被人重视。在可择期的口腔诊治项目按照疫情防控相关要求全面暂停的当下,口腔外科医护人员仍坚守一线,担负着口腔颌面部外伤、感染及造成患者极大痛苦且无法保留的患牙拔除等必须急诊处置的工作。本文围绕口腔外科急诊处置的原则、适应证、风险评估、患者准备、医护防护等方面提出建议,以期为疫情期间开展口腔外科诊疗的医护人员提供参考。     

Some comments on clinical studiesin orthodontics and their applications to orthodontic treatment

This article indicates the origins and background of the current series ofNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research-funded, university-based clinical studies of orthodontic treatment. It suggests that future studies should be less focused on refining our estimates of mean changes during treatment and concentrate research on the systematic analysis of individual differences among patients' responses to treatment, and study how skilled clinicians make in-course corrections in response to unexpected changes in treatment conditions. Finally, some suggestions are made concerning optimization of decision making in the presence of uncertainty.     

Comparison of personality traits,attitude toward orthodontic treatment,and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment

Objective:To compare personality traits, attitude toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods:One hundred subjects (50 male and 50 female) were included in this study. The mean (SD) age was 17.5 (2.05) years at T1 and 19.15 (2.32) years at T2. The instruments for data collection were questionnaires that included assessment of patients'' personality traits, attitudes toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception/experience. Subjects completed the questionnaires at two different times: before orthodontic treatment (T1) and after fixed orthodontic treatment (T2). Subjects were treated by fixed orthodontic appliances for an average (SD) period of 18.64 (0.35) months. Paired sample t-test and chi-square test were used to detect any differences.Results:Significant changes in personality traits were detected after orthodontic treatment irrespective of gender. Neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness scores were improved (P < .001). A positive attitude toward orthodontic treatment was reported at T1 (4.31 [±1.26]) and improved at T2 (3.98 [±1.16]) irrespective of gender (P < .05). The average (SD) expected pain score (T1) was 4.73 (1.88) and the average (SD) experienced pain score (T2) was 4.63 (1.58). Significant difference in the expected and experienced pain scores was not detected (P  =  .11).Conclusions:Personality traits and attitude toward orthodontic treatment improved after orthodontic treatment. Reported actual pain experience during orthodontic treatment was similar to that expected before treatment.     

正畸治疗对口腔相关生活质量影响的研究

[摘要] 目的 研究正畸治疗对口腔相关生活质量的影响,分析这些影响在不同的人群以及在各个维度中是否存在差异。方法 随机抽取正畸治疗患者182例进行问卷调查,采用《一般情况调查表》、《口腔相关生活质量调查表OHIP-14(中文版)》对患者进行测评,并对他们在量表上的得分进行比较。结果 正畸治疗对口腔生活质量有明显影响,在治疗第1个月时影响最大,对功能障碍、生理疼痛、心理不适、社交障碍等维度的影响均较明显。在性别和安氏分类方面得分没有显著差别,成年组较未成年组在总分及各分维度上均有明显差别,是否拔牙的患者之间在总量表得分、生理疼痛、心理障碍和社交障碍等维度也呈现出显著性差异。结论 正畸治疗影响患者的生活质量,在矫治的第1个月尤为明显,成年人和拔牙患者受到的影响也更为显著。