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1.
[目的]探讨太极拳运动对社区老年人身心功能的影响.[方法]采用问卷调查法和测量法,于2013年1月对长春市4个公园65岁以上太极拳组老年人(57人)、对照组(47人)进行身体功能(握力左手、握力右手、睁眼单侧腿站立、5 m快速步行速度和10 m正常步行速度、老年活动能力指标)、幸福感、简易智能状态量表(MMSE)的测定.[结果]太极拳组在老年活动能力指标、MMSE、握力左手、握力右手、睁眼单侧腿站立、5 m快速步行速度方面与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).[结论]太极拳运动可以改善老年人的身心功能. 相似文献
2.
Mizuki Hachiya Shin Murata Hiroshi Otao Takehiko Ihara Katsuhiko Mizota Toyoko Asami 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3663-3666
[Purpose] This study aimed to verify the usefulness of a 50-m round walking test
developed as an assessment method for walking ability in the elderly. [Subjects] The
subjects were 166 elderly requiring long-term care individuals (mean age, 80.5 years).
[Methods] In order to evaluate the factors that had affected falls in the subjects in the
previous year, we performed the 50-m round walking test, functional reach test, one-leg
standing test, and 5-m walking test and measured grip strength and quadriceps strength.
[Results] The 50-m round walking test was selected as a variable indicating fall risk
based on the results of multiple logistic regression analysis. The cutoff value of the
50-m round walking test for determining fall risk was 0.66 m/sec. The area under the
receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.64. The sensitivity of the cutoff value was
65.7%, the specificity was 63.6%, the positive predictive value was 55.0%, the negative
predictive value was 73.3%, and the accuracy was 64.5%. [Conclusion] These results suggest
that the 50-m round walking test is a potentially useful parameter for the determination
of fall risk in the elderly requiring long-term care.Key words: 50-meter round walk test, Local elderly individuals, Falls 相似文献
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4.
Yoshinobu Yoshimoto Yukitsuna Oyama Mamoru Tanaka 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1503-1506
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the threshold for classifying walking
independence in stroke patients with and without cognitive disorders. [Subjects] The
subjects were 130 patients with initial stroke hemiplegia. [Methods] The following factors
were analyzed for associations with walking independence: Brunnstrom stage, one-leg
standing time on the paralytic side, one-leg standing time on the non-paralytic side, and
10-m walking speed. We classified the patients with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
scores ≥24 points into the high-score group and those with MMSE scores of ≤23 points into
the low-score group and examined the main factors and cutoff values associated with
walking independence in each group. [Results] The high-score group included 69 subjects
(53.1%), and the low-score group included 61 subjects (46.9%). The primary factor
associated with high MMSE scores among the stroke patients was the 10-m walking time.
Using a cutoff level for the 10-m walking speed of 41.4 m/min resulted in a positive
likelihood ratio of 6.3. The primary factor associated with low MMSE scores among the
stroke patients was the 10-m walking time. Using a cutoff level for the 10-m walking speed
of 48.0 m/min resulted in a positive likelihood ratio of 7.6. [Conclusion] The cutoff
value for the 10-m walking speed can be used to evaluate walking independence in patients
with stroke among patients with high or low MMSE scores.Key words: Walking, Cognition disorders, Stroke 相似文献
5.
6.
Adam Jagodinsky John Fox Brandi Decoux Wendi Weimar Wei Liu 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(9):2959-2961
[Purpose] Medial knee osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease, affects adults. The
external knee adduction moment, a surrogate knee-loading measure, has clinical
implications for knee osteoarthritis patients. Tai Chi is a promising intervention for
pain alleviation in knee osteoarthritis; however, the characteristics of external knee
adduction moment during Tai Chi have not been established. [Subjects and Methods] During
normal and Tai Chi walking, a gait analysis was performed to compare the external knee
adduction moment moment-arm characteristics and paired t-tests to compare moment-arm
magnitudes. [Results] A significant difference was observed in the average lateral
direction of moment-arm magnitude during Tai Chi walking (−0.0239 ± 0.011 m) compared to
that during normal walking (−0.0057 ± 0.004 m). No significant difference was found
between conditions in average medial direction of moment-arm magnitude (normal walking:
0.0143 ± 0.010 m; Tai Chi walking: 0.0098 ± 0.014 m). [Conclusion] Tai Chi walking
produced a larger peak lateral moment-arm value than normal walking during the stance
phase, whereas Tai Chi walking and normal walking peak medial moment-arm values were
similar, suggesting that medial knee joint loading may be avoided during Tai Chi
walking.Key words: Tai Chi gait, External knee adduction moment arm, Walking 相似文献
7.
Mizuki Hachiya Shin Murata Hiroshi Otao Kenji Kamijou Katsuhiko Mizota Toyoko Asami 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1511-1514
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility and validity of the 50-m
walking test. [Subjects] Reproducibility was investigated in 19 community-dwelling elderly
women (mean age, 76.3 years), and validity was investigated in 31 community-dwelling
elderly individuals (12 men and 19 women; mean age, 75.7 years). [Methods] The time taken
to walk 50 m, the time taken to walk each 10-m section (laps 1–5), the time taken to walk
10 m, and grip strength were measured. In addition, the functional reach test (FRT),
one-leg standing test, and timed up and go (TUG) test were performed. [Results] In a
reproducibility analysis, the interclass correlation coefficient (1,1) was 0.97. In a
Bland-Altman analysis, no systematic error was found. The measured values from the 50-m
walking test included a measurement error of 1.5 s, and the acceptable margin of error was
confirmed to be 3.1 s. In a validity analysis, the 50-m walking test score was
significantly correlated with the 10-m walking and TUG test scores. [Conclusion] Our
results suggest that the 50-m walking test score may be a useful index of the walking
ability of community-dwelling elderly.Key words: 50-meter walk test, Reproducibility, Validity 相似文献
8.
Munsang Choi Junsang Yoo Soonyoung Shin Wanhee Lee 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(6):1861-1864
[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of stepper exercise with visual feedback on
strength, walking, and stair climbing in stroke patients. [Subjects] Twenty-six stroke
patients were divided randomly into the stepper exercise with visual feedback group (n =
13) or the stepper exercise group (n = 13). [Methods] Subjects in the experimental group
received feedback through the mirror during exercise, while those in the control group
performed the exercise without visual feedback; both groups exercised for the 30 min
thrice per week for 6 weeks. The hip extensor and knee extensor strength, 10-m walking
test results, and 11-step stair climbing test results were evaluated before and after the
intervention. [Results] The stepper exercise with visual feedback group showed
significantly greater improvement for hip extensor strength and the 10-m walking test. The
knee extensor strength and 11-step stair climbing in both groups showed significantly
greater improvement after the intervention, but without any significant difference between
groups. [Conclusion] The findings of this study indicate that the stepper exercise with
visual feedback can help improve the strength of the hip extensor and the 10-m walking
test; the stepper exercise alone may also improve the knee extensor strength and stair
climbing ability.Key words: Stroke, Stairs, Visual feedback 相似文献
9.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of Lokomat versus
Ergo_bike training using the Probe Reaction Time (P-RT) and 10-m maximum walking speed as
the outcome measures, on incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) patients. [Subjects] Thirty
male T8–L3 level spinal cord injury patients were the subjects. [Methods] The subjects
were randomly divided into 2 groups: a Lokomat group and an Ergo_bike group. Each group
consisted of 15 subjects. The P-RT and 10 m maximum walking speed were measured before and
after the intervention for each group. [Results] The P-RT and the time taken to cover 10 m
at maximum walking speed decreased significantly in the Lokomat group. [Conclusion] The
Lokomat training not only decreased P-RT, but also improved the walking ability of
subjects with iSCI.Key words: Lokomat, Ergo_bike, Probe reaction time 相似文献
10.
OBJECTIVES: To establish whether the reported beneficial physiologic effects of Tai Chi when performed under stringent experimental conditions can be generalized to the community. DESIGN: Phase 1: pre-post comparison in a group inexperienced in Tai Chi. Phase 2: baseline comparison between inexperienced and experienced Tai Chi groups. SETTING: A community in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS: Phase 1: 51 subjects inexperienced in Tai Chi (novice group) participated in the program. Phase 2: baseline measures of the novice group were compared with those of an experienced group (n=49) who had practiced Tai Chi for at least 6 months. INTERVENTION: A Cheng 119 style program was taught by a Tai Chi master for 1.5 hours, 3 times weekly, for 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Lung function and physical activity evaluated before and after the completion of the program. Resting heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, handgrip strength, flexibility, and balance measured at the program commencement, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Phase 1: after the program, the novice group had increased handgrip strength, flexibility, and peak expiratory flow rate. Phase 2: the experienced group had greater flexibility, lower resting heart rate but higher diastolic blood pressure than the novice group prior to training. CONCLUSIONS: A community-based Tai Chi program produces beneficial effects comparable to those reported from experimental laboratory trials of Tai Chi; therefore, it should be considered as a public health strategy. 相似文献
11.
Jiajia Ye Shufang Cai Weihong Zhong Shuhe Cai Qikai Zheng 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(7):1133-1137
[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to seek evidence for the effectiveness of Tai
Chi for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). [Subjects and Methods] Systematic
searches were conducted of the China Journals Full-text Database, Pubmed, Medline, Science
Direct-Online Journals and CINAHL for studies published between 2000 and 2012. Studies
were evaluated based on following inclusion criteria: 1) design: randomized control,
clinical trial; 2) subjects: patients with a knee osteoarthritis diagnosis; 3)
intervention: exercise involving Tai Chi; 4) studies published in English or Chinese.
[Results] Six randomized control studies involving Tai Chi and knee osteoarthritis were
found. [Conclusion] Tai Chi was an effective way of relieving pain and improving physical
function. Further randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes and long training
period are needed to compare groups who perform Tai Chi training with other groups who
undergo other forms of physical exercise in order to confirm the efficacy of Tai Chi.Key words: Tai Chi, Knee osteoarthritis, Degenerative arthritis 相似文献
12.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify ethnic differences in walking speed by
comparing walking speed in both Japanese and non-Asian elderly individuals and to
investigate the necessity of consideration of ethnic differences in walking speed.
[Subjects and Methods] Articles that reported comfortable walking speeds for
community-dwelling elderly individuals were identified from electronic databases. Articles
that involved community-dwelling individuals who were 60 years old or older and well
functioning were included in the study. Articles that involved Asians were excluded.
Weighted means for 5-m walking times were calculated as walking speeds from the Japanese
and non-Asian sample data. The effects of age, gender, and ethnicity on 5-m walking times
were then investigated using meta-regression analysis. [Results] Twenty studies (34
groups) were included for Japanese, and 16 studies (28 groups) were included for
non-Asians. The weighted mean 5-m walking time was estimated to be 4.15 sec (95%
confidence interval [CI]: 3.87–4.44) for Japanese and 4.24 sec (95% CI: 4.09–4.40) for
non-Asians. Furthermore, using meta-regression analysis adjusted for age and gender, the
5-m walking time was 0.40 sec faster (95% CI: 0.03–0.77) for Japanese than for non-Asian
elderly individuals. [Conclusion] Walking speed appeared faster for Japanese
community-dwelling elderly individuals than for non-Asian elderly individuals.Key words: Meta-regression analysis, Walking speed, Ethnicity 相似文献
13.
[Purpose] We compared ankle temporal motor coordination between stroke, spinal disease
and healthy elderly groups, and investigated the relationship between motor impairments
and gait speed. [Subjects] Twenty-four patients with stroke, 19 post-operative spinal
disease patients and 17 healthy elderly subjects participated. [Methods] Ankle temporal
motor coordination of the three groups was assessed using the simple reaction time, the
foot-tapping test, and a rhythm task. Rhythm error and rhythm variation were analyzed
using the results of the rhythm task. Isometric muscle strength, spasticity, muscle
stiffness, somatosensory and 10-m gait speed of the stroke and spinal disease subjects
were also measured. [Results] Only the stroke group showed significant reductions in
temporal accuracy and consistency in the rhythm task. Simple reaction time and the rhythm
task were significantly poorer in the stroke group, whereas the foot-tapping test was not.
Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated gait speed was explained by rhythm error
and plantarflexor strength in the stroke group, and rhythm error and simple reaction time
in the spinal disease group. [Conclusion] Poor performance in simple reaction time and the
rhythm task in the stroke group suggest these tasks are controlled by the supraspinal
central nervous system. Negative features, particularly motor coordination, are more
associated with gait speed than positive features.Key words: Motor coordination, Ankle joint, Upper motor neuron lesion 相似文献
14.
探讨太极拳锻炼对轻中度帕金森患者运动、平衡及步行功能的疗效。方法:将38名帕金森患者随机分为太极组与对照组各19例。2组均给予神经内科基础药物治疗,太极组患者此基础上进行太极拳锻炼。分别治疗前后对患者进行运动功能的评定,包括帕金森综合评分量表III(UPDRS III)、Berg平衡量表、15m步行速度及6min步行距离的测定,以及自身状态的评估,包括健康状态评估量表(HAQ)评分、疲劳、肌肉疼痛、跌倒恐惧感的视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分等。结果:锻炼3个月后,2组的UPDRS III评分较锻炼前均明显降低(P0.05),且太极拳组更大于对照组(P0.05);2组的Berg平衡量表评分较锻炼前明显增加,且太极拳组更大于对照组(P0.05);2组的15m步行速度和6min步行距离较锻炼前都有增加,HAQ评分、跌倒恐惧、疲劳、肌肉疼痛的VAS评分较锻炼前都有降低,但差异均无统计学意义。结论:太极锻炼可以改善轻中度帕金森患者运动功能,是改善轻中度帕金森病运动障碍和生活能力的有效的手段。 相似文献
15.
BACKGROUND: Tai Chi Chuan is becoming a popular exercise among elders. This study measured the inter-segmental forces and moments at the lower extremity joints during a Tai Chi gait as compared to those during normal walking gait, in both apparently healthy young and elderly Tai Chi Chuan practitioners. METHODS: Three-dimensional inter-segmental joint reaction force and moment were computed using the Inverse Dynamic Approach based on the kinematics and ground reaction force measurements in a laboratory setting in six young (two females, mean age 28; SD 6 years) and six elderly (five females, mean age 72; SD 8 years) subjects who had previous training of Yang style Tai Chi Chuan. FINDINGS: The results showed significant gait differences in both age groups, with significantly smaller peak compressive forces, larger peak shear forces in the ankle, knee and hip joints, and larger peak moments in the knee and hip joints during Tai Chi gait as compared to normal gait. Moreover, the peak shear force was oriented more in the medial-lateral direction at the ankle and knee joints, and the peak moment was in the frontal plane at the knee and hip joints. The results also showed significant age differences, with significantly smaller peak shear forces in all three joints in the elderly group than in the young group during Tai Chi gait. INTERPRETATION: Tai Chi gait has an increased shear force and frontal plane torque at lower extremity joints than normal gait. The shear force at all three lower extremity joints during Tai Chi gait is lower in the elderly subjects than young subjects. This data suggest that, in Tai Chi Chuan training, elderly people with degenerative joint diseases in the lower extremity should use caution when practicing Tai Chi Chuan. 相似文献
16.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to verify the effect of sideways treadmill training
with and without visual blocking on the balance and gait function of patients with brain
lesions. [Subjects] Twenty-four stroke and traumatic brain injury subjects participated in
this study. They were divided into two groups: an experimental group (12 subjects) and a
control group (12 subjects). [Methods] Each group executed a treadmill training session
for 20 minutes, three times a week, for 6 weeks. The sideways gait training on the
treadmill was performed with visual blocking by the experimental group and with normal
vision by the control group. A Biodex Gait Trainer 2 was used to assess the gait function.
It was used to measure walking speed, walking distance, step length, and stance time on
each foot. The Five-Times-Sit-To-Stand test (FTSST) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG) were
used as balance measures. [Results] The sideways gait training with visual blocking group
showed significantly improved walking speed, walking distance, step length, and stance
time on each foot after training; FTSST and TUG times also significantly improved after
training in the experimental group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group
showed significant increases in stance time on each foot. [Conclusion] Sideways gait
training on a treadmill with visual blocking performed by patients with brain lesions
significantly improved their balance and gait function.Key words: Brain lesions, Treadmill training, Visual block 相似文献
17.
Tsang WW Wong VS Fu SN Hui-Chan CW 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2004,85(1):129-137
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of long-term Tai Chi practice on balance control when healthy elderly Tai Chi practitioners stood under reduced or conflicting somatosensory, visual, and vestibular conditions, as compared with healthy elderly non-Tai Chi practitioners and young subjects. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: University-based rehabilitation center in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty elderly Tai Chi practitioners (mean experience +/- standard deviation, 7.2+/-7.2 y) were compared with 20 elderly non-Tai Chi practitioners and 20 young, healthy university students. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The amplitude of anteroposterior body sway under different somatosensory, visual, and vestibular conditions was measured using computerized dynamic posturography, whereby subjects underwent 6 combinations of visual and support surface conditions. RESULTS: The Tai Chi practitioners had significantly better balance control than the non-Tai Chi subjects in the visual and vestibular ratios, but not in the somatosensory ratio. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in any of these 3 sensory ratios when the Tai Chi practitioners were compared with those of the young, healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term Tai Chi practice improved balance control in the elderly population when there was an increased reliance on the visual and vestibular systems during stance. Of particular interest is that our elderly Tai Chi practitioners attained the same level of balance control performance as did young, healthy subjects when standing under reduced or conflicting somatosensory, visual, and vestibular conditions. 相似文献
18.
Improvement of isokinetic knee extensor strength and reduction of postural sway in the elderly from long-term Tai Chi exercise 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
OBJECTIVES: To compare isokinetic strength of leg muscles and foot center of pressure (COP) as a measure of sway between long-term Tai Chi practitioners and controls. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Community setting. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty subjects in the Tai Chi group and 19 subjects in the control group (age, >55 y). INTERVENTION: Subjects in Tai Chi group had practiced Tai Chi for a minimum of 3 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentric and eccentric strength of knee extensors and flexors at 60 degrees/s and 120 degrees/s, and foot COP displacement during quiet stance with eyes open or closed. RESULTS: People in the Tai Chi group had significantly higher knee extensor strength at all speeds tested (P<.013), and smaller foot COP excursions for both eyes open and eyes closed conditions (P<.05) than people in control group. No significant difference existed in knee flexors between the 2 groups (P<.713). The COP excursions correlated significantly with the eccentric strength of knee extensors (P<.07) but not with the concentric strength of knee extensors (P<.14) or with the isokinetic strength of knee flexors at most of the speeds (P<.27). CONCLUSION: These findings support the hypothesis that the maintenance of eccentric strength of postural muscles in the lower extremities, which is beneficial for maintaining good postural stability, is helped through the long-term practice of Tai Chi. 相似文献
19.
[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effect of mirror therapy (MT) with
transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the recovery of the upper extremity
function of chronic stroke patients. [Subjects] Twenty-seven patients at least 6 months
after stroke onset were divided randomly into an experimental group (14 patients) and a
control group (13 patients). [Methods] All subjects received tDCS for 20 min followed by a
5 min rest. Then the experimental group received MT while the control group conducted the
same exercises as the experimental group using a mirror that did not show the non-paretic
upper extremity. The groups performed the same exercises for 20 min. All subjects received
this intervention for 45-min three times a week for 6 weeks. [Results] After the
intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in the box and block
test (BBT), grip strength, and the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), and a significant decrease
in the Jebsen-Taylor test. The control group showed a significant increase in grip
strength after the intervention, and a significant decrease in the Jebsen-Taylor test.
Comparison of the result after the intervention revealed that the experimental group
showed more significant increases in the BBT and grip strength than the control group.
[Conclusion] These results show that MT with tDCS has a positive effect on the functional
recovery of the upper extremity of stroke patients, through activating motor regions in
the brain, and thus plays an important role in recovery of neuroplasticity.Key words: tDCS, Mirror therapy, Stroke 相似文献
20.
Hyeong-Dong Kim Hyun Dong Jae Ji Hoon Jeong 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(7):1025-1030
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Tai Chi (TC)-based
exercise on dynamic postural control during obstacle negotiation by subjects with mild or
moderate Parkinson’s disease (PD). [Subjects] Twelve subjects (mean age, 65.3±6.1 years)
diagnosed with idiopathic PD were enrolled for this study. [Methods] All the subjects were
tested a week before and 12 weeks after the initiation of the TC exercise. In the test,
they were instructed to negotiate an obstacle from the position of quiet stance at a
normal speed. They were trained with TC exercise that emphasized multidirectional shift in
weight bearing from bilateral to unilateral support, challenging the postural stability,
three times per week for 12 weeks. Center of pressure (COP) trajectory variables before
and after TC exercise were measured using two force plates. [Results] A comparison of the
results between pre- and post-intervention showed a statistically significant improvement
in anteroposterior and mediolateral displacement of COP. [Conclusion] Twelve weeks of TC
exercise may be an effective and safe form of stand-alone behavioral intervention for
improving the dynamic postural stability of patients with PD.Key words: Obstacle negotiation, Parkinson’s disease, Tai Chi exercise 相似文献