电视媒体在医院临床教学中的应用

电视媒体作为一种辅助教学手段，在教学过程中发挥着十分重要的作用。本文针对电视教学在教育信息化中的作用，从医院临床教学实际出发，阐述了电视媒体在临床教学实际中的应用，为其他医院进一步发挥电视媒体的教学潜力，提供可借鉴的经验。     

浅谈临床教学中教学档案的作用和管理

教学档案对教学质量、教学改革和教学管理等方面均具有重要作用.由于临床教学医院的教师与学生流动性大、教学办公设施落后等条件限制,使教学档案管理存在着一些问题.重视和改善教学档案的管理有利于发挥教学档案在教学管理和教学活动中的作用.     

皮肤性病学见习教学中多媒体辅助教学的应用

多媒体计算机进入教育领域，给教学改革注入了新的活力。近年来我们在皮肤科临床教学中采用多媒体辅助教学，提高教学质量，取得了良好的教学效果。我院作为临床教学医院，笔者在见习带教中，结合皮肤科实际，就本院皮肤科教研室在2000级本科及2003级专科教学中的应用体会报告如下。     

信息技术在我院教学及其管理中的作用

应用信息技术提高教师的教学能力,改进临床教学方法,进行计算机辅助教学,充分发挥学生的能动作用,强化医院临床教学管理,促进临床教学质量的提高。     

整合利用医院信息化数据资源为医院管理服务

本文通过整合利用医院多类型信息化数据资源,为医院管理决策提供科学支撑的信息服务.主要包括以下几个方面:首先,就人事档案管理方面,在信息化的人事档案基础上实现对人事档案信息安全共享和知识管理,提高医院人事管理效率及科学性.其次,就临床数字信息利用扩展方面,利用信息技术实现医学影像信息的信息共享,将PACS系统与医疗上的医生站、护士站系统以及计算机管理系统、图书馆联网一体化等现代化信息技术联网,实现医院影像信息的资源共享.另外,发挥临床教学信息在医院重大活动中的作用,为临床教学人员开展医疗、教学、科研工作提供系统的依据.提升医院管理决策的科学性.     

妇科腔镜在临床本科教学中的应用

妇科腔镜教学作为一种新型有效的教学模式,已在我院临床教学中发挥出其特有的作用。本文主要从腹腔镜、宫腔镜、阴道镜在临床教学中的具体应用,总结其对于本科教学工作的作用和意义。本科生实习质量评定表应用多元概化理论评估考核后表明,该考核指标具有较高的信度和较可靠的效度。     

发挥辅导员在临床医学教学团队建设中的作用

探讨临床医学教学团队建设问题，分析了解辅导员目前在医学教学团队中的现状，并从临床医学教学团队的互补性、探索新的临床教学理念等方面，就如何发挥辅导员在临床医学教学团队建设中的作用提出了思考。     

医院临床教学档案管理初探

医院临床教学档案直接反映医院在临床教学管理、教学过程和教学质量监控的流程.是衡量医院临床教学质量和管理水平的一个重要标志.因此,医院应加强临床教学档案管理工作的措施.     

开展病理学临床教学 激发学习兴趣

在病理学教学中开展临床教学,培养学生的学习兴趣,启发学生的思维能力,提高获取知识的能力,实现了师生之间的互动,真正发挥病理学在医学中的桥梁作用。     

做好教学医院临床教学质量控制的若干体会

新形势下,教学医院如何抓好教学管理以确保临床教学质量是医院管理工作中的一项重要任务.我院通过加强各环节的管理,保证和提高了临床教学质量,以下是我们在教学工作中的几点体会.     

“I'm from Europe,but I'm Not European”

This article examines the role television (TV) plays in the development of primary school children's European knowledge and identities in England and Bulgaria. It compares the media coverage on Europe and the European Union with pupils' European perceptions and identities. The article reports data from 174 qualitative interviews with children and the content analysis of seven TV programmes. It concludes that TV plays a strong role in collective identities when a topic is salient on the agenda. TV raises awareness and knowledge and sets the direction of understanding. Yet, despite the higher salience of Europe on the Bulgarian media agenda, Bulgarians feel less European than English children. The article provides an explanation to this phenomenon, thus filling an important gap in the literature about the media's role in collective identities formation from an early age. It also adopts an innovative approach in the study of agenda-setting theory by investigating its application among children.     

The effects of television advertisements for junk food versus nutritious food on children's food attitudes and preferences

Television (TV) food advertising has attracted criticism for its potential role in promoting unhealthy dietary practices among children. Content analyses indicate junk food advertising is prevalent on Australian children's TV; healthy eating is rarely promoted. This paper presents (a) a cross-sectional survey examining associations between children's regular TV viewing habits and their food-related attitudes and behaviour; and (b) an experiment assessing the impact of varying combinations of TV advertisements (ads) for unhealthy and healthy foods on children's dietary knowledge, attitudes and intentions. The experimental conditions simulated possible models for regulating food ads on children's TV. Participants were 919 grade five and six students from schools in Melbourne, Australia. The survey showed that heavier TV use and more frequent commercial TV viewing were independently associated with more positive attitudes toward junk food; heavier TV use was also independently associated with higher reported junk food consumption. The experiment found that ads for nutritious foods promote selected positive attitudes and beliefs concerning these foods. Findings are discussed in light of methodological issues in media effects research and their implications for policy and practice. It is concluded that changing the food advertising environment on children's TV to one where nutritious foods are promoted and junk foods are relatively unrepresented would help to normalize and reinforce healthy eating.     

Comparative cost-effectiveness of the components of a behavior change communication campaign on HIV/AIDS in North India

Numerous studies show that exposure to entertainment-education-based mass media campaigns is associated with reduction in risk behaviors. Concurrently, there is a growing interest in comparing the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions taking into account infrastructural and programmatic costs. In such analyses, though few in number, mass media campaigns have fared well. Using data from a mass media communication campaign in the low HIV prevalence states of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Delhi in Northern India, in this article we examine the following: (1) factors that mediate behavior change in different components of the campaign, comprising a TV drama, reality show for youth audiences, and TV spots; (2) the relative impact of campaign components on the behavioral outcome: condom use; and (3) the cost-effectiveness calculations arising from this analysis. Results suggest that recall of the TV spots and the TV drama influences behavior change and is strongly associated with interpersonal communication and positive gender attitudes. The TV drama, in spite of being the costliest, emerges as the most cost-effective component when considering the behavioral outcome of interest. The analysis of the comparative cost-effectiveness of individual campaign components provides insights into the planning of resources for communication interventions globally.     

Motivational and Parental Mediation Factors Related to Kenyan Adolescents’ Intake of Sexual Radio and TV Content

Research on the influence of media on youths’ sexual behavior in sub-Saharan Africa has focused almost entirely on the effects of multimedia health communication campaigns and edutainment programming. Scholarly literature is nearly silent about the influence of the multiple hours that young people in many sub-Saharan nations spend immersed in increasingly sex-heavy entertainment programming. We surveyed a stratified cluster sample of 437 Nairobi public high school students about motivational and parental mediation factors associated with their exposure to sexual radio and TV content. Watching sexual content in the bedroom predicted higher intake of both sexual radio and TV content. Believing that parents were successful in their efforts to limit media use predicted lower intake of both sexual radio and TV content. A friend/companion motive for watching was associated with taking in higher levels of sexual TV content. For day school students, watching sexual content in the sitting room also predicted higher levels of exposure to sexual TV content.     

Long Haul COVID-19 Videos on YouTube: Implications for Health Communication

The term COVID-19 “long haul” originated on social media and was later studied by the scientific community. This study describes content related to persistent COVID-19 symptoms on YouTube. The 100 most viewed English-language videos identified with the keywords “COVID-19 long haul” were assessed for video origin, engagement, and content related to COVID-19 long-haul. The findings indicate that the majority of videos were uploaded by television or internet news (56%), followed by consumers (members of the public, 32%), health professionals (only 9%), and lastly by entertainment TV (non-news programs, 3%). Videos originating from entertainment TV were significantly more likely to be “liked” than videos from other sources. The most commonly mentioned long-haul symptoms in the videos were physical (fatigue, 73%; difficulty breathing/shortness of breath, 56%; and joint or muscle pain, 49%) and cognitive (difficulty thinking or concentrating; 69%). The case of COVID-19 long haul demonstrates that social media are significant fora whereon the public identify health concerns. It is necessary for healthcare professionals to assume an active and responsible role in social media.

     

Electronic Media and Beverage Intake Among United States High School Students—2010

ObjectiveTo describe electronic media exposure and its associations with beverage intake among United States high school students.MethodsSchool-based survey data from a nationally representative sample of 9th- through 12th-grade students from the National Youth Physical Activity and Nutrition Study were analyzed using chi-square and multivariate logistic analyses.ResultsOn an average school day, 23.5% of students used a computer or played video/computer games ≥ 3 h/d, 28.3% watched television (TV) ≥ 3 h/d, 79.9% had ≥ 3 TVs in the home, 70.2% had a TV in their bedroom, and 41.0% most of the time or always had a TV on while eating dinner at home. Students with high media exposure were more likely to drink sugar-sweetened beverages ≥ 3 times per day and less likely to drink water ≥ 3 times per day and drink ≥ 2 glasses of milk per day.Conclusions and ImplicationsEfforts to reduce sugar-sweetened beverage intake among adolescents may include limiting exposure to electronic media.     

浅谈临床病例在病理教学中的应用

本文从临床病例在教学中的作用,有关病例的收集,以及结合多种教学手段如：多媒体、比较法、启发式法及讨论法等探讨了临床病例在病理教学中的应用.笔者认为将临床病例引入病理教学有利于培养学生理论联系实际和临床思维能力,有利于提高教学质量,同时也有利于提高教师的综合教学能力.     

农村社区辅食添加知识的可及性传播媒介及传播要素分析

目的：为了研究陕西省农村社区可及性传播媒介的现状所做的调查，并对传播要素进行分析，为今后在农村社区健康教育中的有效运用提供依据。方法：应用整群随机抽样的方法在雁塔区和户县抽取10个村，对196名小儿的家长进行了问卷调查，并对部分家长做了访谈，结果：农村社区目前可得到的传播媒介有电视，广播，小册子，医生培训，黑板报，宣传画等，有82．8％的人认为辅食添加知识重要，90．0％的人想了解辅食添加知识，90．0％和48．2％的人家里分别有电视机和广播。结论：在农村社区传播辅食添加知识，目前应以电视，小册子，医生培训和宣传画为主，作品的“科学性，思想性，艺术性”是提高传播效果的前提。     

RECENT TRENDS IN YOUNG CHILDREN'S TELEVISION‐INDUCED FEARS IN FINLAND

The aim of this study is to analyse the changing role of the media in children's everyday lives with reference to children's fears and well‐being. The method was semistructured interviews with children aged 5 to 6 in Finland in 1993 (101 children) and 2003 (109 children). Nearly 80 per cent of children reported TV‐induced fears both in 1993 and in 2003. There was a significant increase over the 10 years in fears caused by children's programmes and fantasy characters and a significant decrease in fears caused by adults' programmes. TV‐induced fears correlated positively with fears of nightmares at both times; with fears of imaginary creatures and war, guns and violence in 2003; and with major accidents and death in 1993.     

性病艾滋病健康教育大众传播模式及效果评价

为了评价大众传媒强化传播性病艾滋病(STD/AIDS)信息的干预效果,采用本地报纸、广播和电视等传媒在实验地区(干预组)强化传播STD/AIDS信息,与未进行强化传播的对照地区(对照组)进行组间、期间垂直平行对比研究.结果:与干预前比较三大传媒传播的总月均次数增加186%;公众收视率,报纸、广播、电视分别提高17.23%、20.63%、17.10%;公众K均分升高到79.01分,A升高到86.37分,P升高到61.41分,差异有高度显著性.对照组前后KAP均分比较,差异无显著性;干预组与对照组比较,两次得分差数分别多提高了9.21分、8.52分和4.92分.经对影响因素的多因素逐步回归分析,报纸的效果为提高19.379分,广播为提高12.8355分,电视为提高8.7435分.大众传播的成本效益比为1:7.12.认为大众传播积极参与强化传播STD/AIDS信息,可近期提高公众KAP水平,尤以报纸、广播的作用大、成本低,值得推广.