高效液相色谱法测定蛇花颗粒中绿原酸的含量

目的　建立蛇花颗粒中绿原酸的含量测定方法。方法　采用高效液相色谱法 ,以ZORBAXSB -C1 8(4 .6mm× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm)为色谱柱 ;流动相 :乙腈 - 0 .4 %磷酸溶液 (1 3∶87) ;检测波长 :32 7nm ;柱温 :2 5℃ ;结果　绿原酸在 0 .0 4 4 2～ 0 .4 4 2 0 μg范围内 ,浓度与峰面积线性关系良好 (r=0 .9998) ;样品的平均加样回收率为 :99.36 % ,RSD 为 1 .36 % ,(n=6 )。结论　方法简便、快速 ,可作为蛇花颗粒中绿原酸的含量测定方法     

反相离子对HPLC法测定晕宁贴膏中氢溴酸东莨菪碱的含量

目的　建立晕宁贴膏的含量测定方法。方法　采用ODSC18色谱柱 (2 5 0mm× 4 .6mm ,5 μm) ,以甲醇 -水 (含 0 .0 2 5mol·L-1庚烷磺酸钠及 0 .0 5mo1·L-1醋酸钠 ,以醋酸调pH =4 .6 ,) (4 5∶5 5 ) ,为流动相 ;流速 :1.0ml/min ;检测波长 :2 2 7nm ;柱温 :室温 ;外标法测定。结果　氢溴酸东莨菪碱在 1.32～ 13.2 μg范围内线性关系良好 (r =0 .9999) ;平均回收率 99.0 7% ,n =6 ,RSD为 0 .5 8% ;重现性试验RSD为 0 .5 0 %。结论　此方法简便、快速、准确 ,可作为晕宁贴膏的含量测定方法。     

念珠菌对5种抗真菌药物的体外敏感性试验

目的 :了解呼吸道感染患者痰中念株菌对抗真菌药物的敏感性特性 ,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 :采用标准微量稀释法 (NCCLSM - 2 7A) 〔1〕测定 4 3株念株菌对氟康唑片、伊曲康唑胶囊、大蒜素注射液、大蒜液及氟康唑注射液的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)。结果 :氟康唑MIC为 0 8～ 10 0 0 μg/ml,83 7% (36 / 4 3)敏感 ;氟康唑注射液MIC为 6 2 5～ 2 5 0 μg/ml,10 0 0 %敏感 ;伊曲康唑胶囊 2 5～ 10 μg/ml,90 7% (39/ 4 3)敏感 ;大蒜素注射液 4 6 9～ 18 75 μg/ml,10 0 0 %敏感 ;大蒜液 (本院制剂 0 78～ 10 0 0 μg/ml,88 4 % (38/ 4 3)敏感。 结论 :氟康唑注射液、大蒜素注射液对白色念珠菌 12 5 μg以上能提供临床有效的治疗深部念珠菌感染。     

高效液相色谱法测定肝泰康胶囊中黄芩苷的含量

目的　测定肝泰康胶囊中黄芩苷的含量。方法　采用高效液相色谱法。色谱柱为DiamonsilC1 8柱 (2 5 0mm× 4 .6mm ,5 μm) ;甲醇 -水 -磷酸 (4 7∶5 3∶0 .1 )为流动相 ,流速 :1 .0ml/min ;检测波长 2 74nm。 结果　黄芩苷在 0 .1 2～ 1 .2 μg范围内具有良好线性关系 ,平均回收率为 97.4 7% ,RSD =1 .35 %。结论　该法可用于肝泰康胶囊中黄芩苷的含量测定     

薄层扫描法测定马蝎蚕胶囊中士的宁和马钱子碱的含量

目的∶建立薄层扫描法测定马蝎蚕胶囊中士的宁和马钱子含量的方法。方法∶固定相 :硅胶GF2 54 ,流动相 :丙酮-氯仿 -浓氨水 ( 3 0∶15∶1) ,参比波长 3 2 5nm ,测定波长 2 5 4nm。结果∶两成分分离良好 ,士的宁在 1～ 5 μg、马钱子碱在 0 .5～ 2 .5 μg范围内呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率士的宁为 10 1.0 % ( n =5 ) ,RSD为 3 .2 0 % ,马钱子碱为 10 1.6% (n =5 ) ,RSD为2 .72 %。结论 :本方法可用于同时测定马蝎蚕胶囊中士的宁和马钱子含量     

高效液相色谱法测定龙川草骨痛颗粒中绿原酸的含量

目的　采用高效液相色谱法 ,建立龙川草骨痛颗粒中绿原酸的含量测定方法。方法　采用ODS分析色谱柱 (4 .6mm×2 5 0mm ,7μm) ;流动相为甲醇 - 0 .4 %磷酸溶液 (15∶85 ) ;流速 :1ml/min ;检测波长 :32 7nm。 结果　HPLC法测定绿原酸可达基线分离 ,在浓度 1.6 2～ 2 1.6 0 μg时线性良好 ,回归方程 :A =2 5 16 4 0 9C - 2 979,r=1.0 0 0 0 ,5次测定平均加样回收率为 98.7% ,RSD为 2 .2 9%。结论　该法操作简便 ,结果准确 ,重现性好 ,可作为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

双波长薄层扫描法测定产后康口服液中盐酸水苏碱的含量

目的　建立产后康口服液中盐酸水苏碱含量测定的方法。方法　选用的展开剂为丙酮-无水乙醇-盐酸(10∶10∶1) ;测定波长:λS=5 10nm ,λR=70 0nm ;用双波长薄层反射锯齿扫描;狭缝:0 .4mm×0 .4mm ;线性参数:SX =7,灵敏度:X1;扫描速度:12mm/min。结果　盐酸水苏碱回归方程为:A =96 6 6 .0 6 +112 4 95 .3C ,r =0 .9992 ,平均回收率为98.3% ,RSD为1.2 0 %(n =6 ) ;在1.0～5 .0 μg范围内线性关系良好。结论　本法操作简易、准确、重复性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量

目的　建立高效液相色谱法测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量的方法。方法　MZC18分析色谱柱 (4 .6mmID× 2 5 0mm ,粒径 5 μm) ,流动相A :10 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 ) ;B :85 %乙腈 (含 0 .5 %三乙胺 ,磷酸调pH3.0 )。梯度洗脱程序 :1～ 11min ,A :4 0 %～ 0 ;B :6 0 %～ 10 0 % ,流速 1.5ml/min。检测波长 4 33nm ;结果　大黄素回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 14 75+0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 33X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 16 6 4～ 0 .6 6 5 4 μg ;大黄酚回归方程Y =- 0 .0 0 346 4 +0 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 82X ,r =0 .9999,线性范围 0 .0 2 4 4 7～ 0 .9789μg。大黄素和大黄酚平均回收率分别为 96 .2 % (RSD =4 .7% )和 97.4 % (RSD =2 .1% )。结论　该方法操作简便 ,测定结果准确可靠 ,可用于测定解毒固本颗粒中大黄素和大黄酚含量。     

HPLC法同时测定复方尼泊金乙酯醇溶液中二种组分的含量

目的　建立HPLC法同时测定复方尼泊金乙酯醇溶液中尼泊金乙酯及尼泊金甲酯含量的方法。方法　以ODSHypersil(5 μm ,2 0 0mm× 4 .6mm)为色谱柱 ,0 .0 1mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾 (KH2 PO4)溶液 -甲醇 -磷酸 (5 0∶5 0∶0 .4 )为流动相 ,检测波长 2 5 5nm。结果　一次进样即可完成两种组分的含量分析 ,线性范围 :尼泊金乙酯为 3.0 2 4～ 30 .2 4 μg·ml-1(r =0 .9999) ;尼泊金甲酯为1.0 2 2～ 10 .2 2 μg·ml-1(r=0 .9999)。平均回收率为 :尼泊金乙酯 99.4 5 % ,RSD =0 .4 8% (n =6 ) ;尼泊金甲酯 99.6 7% ,RSD=0 .72 % (n =6 )。结论　本方法快速、准确 ,分离度好。可用于该醇溶液中两种组份的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定湿疹净中霜公藤吉碱和苦参碱的含量

目的　建立湿疹净喷雾剂的质量控制标准。方法　采用HPLC法同时测定样品中雷公藤吉碱和苦参碱的含量。色谱条件 :HypersilODS色谱柱 (4.6× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ;流动相 :乙腈 - 0 .0 2mol·L-1磷酸二氢钠水溶液 (6∶4 ) ;流速 1ml/min ;检测波长2 10nm ;柱温 2 0℃ ;进样量 1～ 6 μl。结果　线性范围分别是 :雷公藤 0 .6 2 4～ 3.74 4 μg ,r =0 .9995 ;苦参碱 0 .88～ 5 .2 8μg,r =0 .9996。平均回收率 :雷公藤吉碱为 97.4 % ,RSD =1.5 1% ;苦参碱为 97.5 % ,RSD =1.15 %。结论　本方法测定结果准确、灵敏、重复性好     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.