Expression of GST-π and P-gp protein and their clinical significance in colorectal adenocarcinoma

目的 观察大肠腺癌中组织中GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达变化,并探讨其临床意义.方法 采用SP免疫组化方法检测102例大肠腺癌标本和41例癌旁大肠组织中的GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达.结果 GST-π和P-gp蛋白在大肠腺癌组织的阳性表达均为74例;癌旁大肠组织的阳性表达分别为8例、5例,两者表达均显著高于正常组织(P＜0.05);GST-π蛋白在直径≤3 cm的病例中阳性率显著高于直径＞3 cm的病例(P＜0.05),但与年龄、性别、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及Dukes分期无关(P＞0.05);P-gp蛋白在≥50岁的病例中阳性率显著高于在＜50岁的病例(P＜0.05),但与性别、肿瘤直径、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及Dukes分期无关(P＞0.05);两者在癌组织中的表达无明显相关性.结论 大肠癌多药耐药是多种耐药基因产物共同作用的结果,联合检测大肠癌组织中GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达对于临床合理用药、提高化疗疗效具有指导意义.     

大肠癌组织中id-1和P53表达的意义

目的: 探讨分化抑制因子-1(id-1)和P53在大肠癌发展过程中的意义及两者的相关性.方法: 应用组织芯片技术和免疫组织化学方法检测id-1和P53在51例大肠癌组织、14例癌旁组织和15例正常组织中的表达.结果: id-1和P53在大肠癌组织中的阳性表达率高于正常组织及癌旁组织(癌组织vs正常组织,癌旁组织 P＜0.05);id-1阳性表达率与大肠癌的分化程度、浸润深度、Duckes分期及局部淋巴结转移之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);P53阳性表达率与癌浸润深度、Dukes分期及局部淋巴结转移之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);id-1 和P53在大肠癌中表达存在正相关性(r=0.440,P<0.01).结论: id-1的过表达是细胞恶性变的标志之一,P53的表达与之有关,二者在大肠癌的转移和生物学行为中发挥着重要作用.     

VEGF和metastin在大肠癌组织中的表达

目的 研究血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和KISS-1基因编码产物metastin在大肠癌组织中的表达情况及其与大肠癌临床病理因素特征之间的关系.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测70例大肠癌组织和癌周正常组织中VEGF和metastin的表达水平.结果 VEGF在大肠癌组织中的阳性表达率为48.6%(34/70),在癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率为0.00%(0/70),两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01);metastin在大肠癌组织中的阳性表达率为28.6%(20/70),在癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率为70.0%(49/70),两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01).VEGF表达水平与大肠癌组织学分化程度、浸润深度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.01),metastin表达水平与大肠癌浸润深度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.05).结论 同时检测大肠癌组织中VEGF与metastin表达水平,对判断大肠癌恶性程度和预后具有重要价值.     

Claudin-2在大肠癌中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系

目的 观察紧密连接蛋白Claudin-2在大肠癌组织中的表达及其与大肠癌发生和发展的关系.方法 运用免疫组化技术检测Claudin-2在大肠癌及癌旁组织、正常组织中的表达,并分析Claudin-2蛋白表达与大肠癌临床各病理特征的关系.结果 Claudin-2在大肠癌组织中的阳性表达率明显高于癌旁组织及正常组织(P＜0.05).Claudin-2在大肠癌组织中的阳性表达与肿瘤的分化程度、Dukes分期密切相关(P＜0.05).结论 大肠癌与癌旁组织及正常组织相比,Claudin-2表达阳性率明显升高,其改变在大肠癌的发生发展中可能起重要作用.     

大肠癌组织中hMLHl的表达及其临床意义

目的了解错配修复蛋白hMLH1在大肠癌组织中的表达及其与大肠癌发生、组织分化、淋巴结转移及临床分期的关系.方法应用SP免疫组织化学法对65例大肠癌组织病理切片进行免疫组化分析.结果大肠癌旁正常组织hMLH1的表达阳性率为80%,明显高于癌组织hMLH1的表达阳性率49.2%(0.01＜P＜0.05);高分化腺癌、中分化腺癌和低分化腺癌组织中hMLH1的表达率分别为68.2%、44.1%和22.2%,高分化腺癌与低分化腺癌之间hMLH1的表达存在显著性差异(0.01＜P＜0.05),但高分化腺癌与中分化腺癌、中分化腺癌与低分化腺癌之间hMLH1的表达无显著性差异(P＞0.05).伴有淋巴结转移者大肠癌组织中hMLH1表达的阳性率(23.5%)低于无淋巴结转移者(58.3%)(0.01＜P＜0.05);临床Ⅲ～Ⅳ期大肠癌组织中hMLH1表达的阳性率(26.3%)低于临床Ⅰ～Ⅱ期(58.7%)(0.01＜P＜0.05).结论 hMLH1表达水平与大肠癌的发生、组织分化、淋巴结转移及临床分期相关.     

大肠腺癌中GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的观察大肠腺癌中组织中GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达变化,并探讨其临床意义。方法采用SP免疫组化方法检测102例大肠腺癌标本和41例癌旁大肠组织中的GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达。结果 GST-π和P-gp蛋白在大肠腺癌组织的阳性表达均为74例;癌旁大肠组织的阳性表达分别为8例、5例,两者表达均显著高于正常组织(P<0.05);GST-π蛋白在直径≤3cm的病例中阳性率显著高于直径>3cm的病例(P<0.05),但与年龄、性别、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及Dukes分期无关(P>0.05);P-gp蛋白在≥50岁的病例中阳性率显著高于在<50岁的病例(P<0.05),但与性别、肿瘤直径、分化程度、有无淋巴结转移及Dukes分期无关(P>0.05);两者在癌组织中的表达无明显相关性。结论大肠癌多药耐药是多种耐药基因产物共同作用的结果,联合检测大肠癌组织中GST-π和P-gp蛋白的表达对于临床合理用药、提高化疗疗效具有指导意义。     

P-gp在大肠癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨大肠癌组织多药耐药基因(MDR-1)产物P-糖蛋白(P-gp)表达与大肠癌临床病理特征的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学染色法检测80例大肠癌组织P-gp的表达情况,对其临床病理学因素进行分析.结果:80例大肠癌患者中,P-gp阳性表达率为43.75%(35/80).P-gp表达与大肠癌的分化程度、浸润深度、临床分期及淋巴结转移无关(P＞0.05);与年龄有关,≥60岁者P-gp的阳性表达率明显低于60岁以下者(P＜0.01).结论:大肠癌组织P-gp的表达率较高,并且与年龄相关,临床检测P-gp对选择个体化化疗方案具有重要意义.     

舌鳞状细胞癌组织中EphA7和MTDH表达及其临床病理意义

目的:研究舌鳞状细胞癌和癌旁正常上皮组织中EphA7和MTDH表达水平及其临床病理意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学EnVision法检测45例舌鳞状细胞癌和10例癌旁正常上皮组织中EphA7和MTDH蛋白表达水平.结果:舌鳞状细胞癌EphA7和MTDH蛋白表达阳性率分别为55.6％和60％,均明显高于癌旁正常上皮组织(x2EphA7=4.14,x2MTDH=5.25;均P＜0.05).组织学分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级、临床分期Ⅰ～Ⅱ期及无颈部淋巴结转移病例EphA7和MTDH表达阳性率明显低于组织学分级Ⅲ～ Ⅳ级、临床分期Ⅲ～Ⅳ期及颈部淋巴结转移病例(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:EphA7和MTDH表达水平在舌鳞状细胞癌发生发展中可能起重要作用,EphA7和/或MTDH过表达者提示预后不良.     

Twist和E-cadherin蛋白在大肠癌中的表达和临床意义

目的 探讨Twist和E-cadherin蛋白在大肠癌发生发展中的临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化PV9000法检测78例大肠癌和42例大肠腺瘤组织中Twist和E-cadherin蛋白的表达.采用Western blot法检测Twist蛋白在30例新鲜大肠腺癌组织和30例新鲜大肠腺瘤组织中的表达.结果 Twist蛋白在大肠癌组织中的阳性率(56.4％)明显高于腺瘤组织(26.2％)和癌旁正常黏膜组织(10％);E-cadhefin在大肠癌组织中的阳性率(48.7％)明显低于腺瘤组织(76.2％)和癌旁正常黏膜组织(100％).Twist和E-cadherin在大肠癌中的异常表达均与肿瘤分化程度和淋巴结转移有关(P均＜0.05),而与肿瘤大小无关(P＞0.05).E-cadherin的阳性表达与肿瘤的TNM分期有关(P＜0.05),但Twist的阳性表达与TNM分期无关(P＞0.05).结论 Twist和E-cadherin蛋白在大肠癌的发生及癌组织的侵袭和转移过程中可能起重要作用.     

免疫组化法检测大肠肿瘤DNA修复基因APE1表达和细胞定位

目的 探讨DNA修复基因脱嘌呤/脱嘧啶核酸内切酶(apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1,APE1)在大肠癌发生、发展中的作用.方法 应用免疫组化PowerVisionTM法检测125例大肠癌、72例大肠腺瘤、60例癌旁大肠黏膜和40例正常大肠黏膜中APE1的表达和细胞定位,并分析其与大肠癌临床病理之间的关系.结果 正常大肠黏膜APE1呈胞核表达,大肠腺瘤和大肠癌组织APE 1表达特征发生改变,呈胞核表达、单纯胞浆表达或核浆共同表达,大肠癌组织APE1胞浆异位表达率为73.6%,大肠腺瘤APE1胞浆异位表达率为83.3%,二者差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),但均显著高于癌旁大肠黏膜(10%)和正常大肠黏膜(0) (P＜0.01).APE1胞浆异位表达与大肠癌临床分期和淋巴结转移有关(P＜0.01、P＜0.05).结论 APE1胞浆异位表达可能在大肠癌的发生、发展中起重要作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.