精子形态对体外受精的影响作用

目的　探讨精子形态在体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）中对受精率及胚胎卵裂速度、胚胎形态的影响作用。　方法　观察89个IVF-ET周期精子处理前后各项参数及成熟卵的受精率、卵裂胚胎的细胞数及形态,分析不同受精密度下精子形态对受精率及胚胎发育的影响。　结果　受精密度≤1.2×10     

精子形态与体外受精胚胎移植临床妊娠结局的关系

目的:当前精子形态对体外受精(IVF)的影响尚存争议,本研究旨在评估正常形态精子百分率在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中的应用价值。方法:选择生殖遗传中心659对IVF-ET治疗夫妇,按正常形态精子百分率分为4组,A组(2%)112个周期,B组(≥2%~4%)180个周期,C组(≥4%~5%)74个周期,D组(≥5%)293个周期。比较各组间的受精率、正常受精率、卵裂率、优胚率以及新鲜移植周期的生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率、流产率及活产率等指标。结果:4组间的受精率、正常受精率和可移植胚胎率有差异。C组(71.90%)和D组(72.89%)的受精率均显著高于A组(57.97%)和B组(63.29%)(P均0.05),C组与D组间、A组和B组间均无显著差异(P均0.05)。D组的正常受精率(57.16%)显著高于A组(46.52%)和B组(50.89%)(P均0.05),C组正常受精率(54.67%)显著高于A组(P0.05),其余组间无显著差异(P均0.05)。D组的可移植胚胎率(55.62%)显著高于B组(45.75%)(P0.05),其余组间均无显著差异(P均0.05)。D组的无可移植胚胎患者比例(8.87%)显著低于A组(20.54%)和B组(18.89%)(P均0.05),C组(12.16%)与其余组间均无显著差异(P均0.05)。各组间新鲜移植周期的生化妊娠率、临床妊娠率、种植率、流产率和活产率均无显著差异(P均0.05)。结论:正常形态精子百分率对IVF-ET的受精率及胚胎形成有一定影响,用于评估IVF受精结局时,5%临界值略优于4%。     

正常形态精子百分率与常规体外受精-胚胎移植结局的相关性

目的:探讨未经优化处理的精子形态参数在常规体外受精(IVF)中的应用价值。方法:分析优化处理前后精子形态差异,并根据处理前精子形态将因单纯输卵管因素进行IVF的908个周期进行分组:研究1为≤4%组、4%~≤15%组及15%组;研究2为≤1%组、1%~≤2%组、2%~≤3%组及3%~≤4%组,分别比较各组间的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、囊胚转化率及妊娠率等指标有无显著性差异。结果:正常形态精子百分率≤4%组的总受精率显著低于4%~≤15%组及15%组(74.40%vs 78.61%及80.03%)(P0.01);3%~≤4%组的2PN受精率(85.47%vs 77.23%、78.97%及78.99%)、卵裂率(98.73%vs 95.71%、96.01%和97.27%)、囊胚形成率(63.41%vs 53.85%、49.01%和49.55%)均显著高于≤1%组、1%~≤2%组及2%~≤3%组(P0.01或0.05),而临床妊娠率、种植率、早期流产率、活产率、出生畸形率各组间均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:正常形态精子百分率≤4%可影响IVF的总受精率,正常形态精子百分率≤3%时IVF的正常受精率下降。但即使正常形态精子百分率≤1%仍不会造成受精障碍或受精失败,因此,畸形精子症不能单独成为决定ICSI的指征。同时,精子形态检测对IVF的胚胎质量、临床妊娠率及抱婴率等无明显预测意义。     

顶体酶活性对体外受精-胚胎移植结局的影响

目的:探讨精子顶体酶活性对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)结局的影响。方法:选择909对在本院生殖中心就诊的不孕夫妇,其中女方检查为正常或仅为输卵管因素不孕。采用改良巴氏法染色和Na-苯甲酰-DL-精胺酸-P-硝酰基苯胺(BAPNA)法分别对丈夫的精液进行精子形态学分析和精子顶体酶活性测定。结果:顶体酶异常组中各项精液参数,包括正常形态精子百分率、精子活动率、活动力、快速前向运动精子百分率及精子密度均显著低于顶体酶正常组(P<0.01);顶体酶活性与精液常规分析上述各参数之间存在非常显著的正相关(P<0.01);两组间取卵数、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、胚胎冷冻率、无可移植胚胎周期百分率、胚胎移植数和流产率均无显著性差异(P>0.05);顶体酶正常组的受精率、仅一个胚胎移植的周期百分率、着床率及临床妊娠率均明显高于顶体酶异常组(P<0.01)。结论:顶体酶活性异常与精液常规分析各主要参数的异常密切相关,可导致体外受精率显著下降。顶体酶活性检测在IVF结局预测中起着重要作用。     

应用严格精子形态学测定法评估精子形态对体外受精率的影响

在体外受精(IVF)的治疗实践中发现,受精率低下(<30%的卵子受精)和受精失败(所有卵子都不受精)的患者很常见(20%~30%)[1],常规IVF技术已不能完全适应临床需要。导致这些受精失败的原因未完全清楚,精子形态异常可能是常规IVF率低下的一个重要因素。为此,笔者采用严格精子形态学测定法对精液标本进行分析并按正常精子形态百分率分组,观察体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)周期中不同正常精子形态百分率对IVF的影响。1资料与方法1.1标本来源选择2005年6月~2005年10月在天津市中心妇产医院生殖医学中心和唐山市妇幼保健院生殖医学中心进行常规IV…     

精子畸形率对体外受精-胚胎移植治疗结局的影响

目的回顾性分析我中心接受常规体外受精（IVF）及卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）治疗中,男方精子畸形率对受精率、胚胎质量及临床结局的影响。方法选取本中心2008年9月至2010年5月接受IVF的344对及ICSI的178对夫妇,分为常规IVF组和ICSI组,组内按照男方精子畸形率分为正常形态组（IVF266／ICSI76）和畸精子症组（IVF78／ICSI102）。受精后分别统计IVF及ICSI两组内畸精子症组和正常形态组正常受精率、优质胚胎率、种植率、临床妊娠率及流产率的差别。结果在IVF中,畸精子症组和正常形态组的正常受精率、种植率、临床妊娠率及流产率分别为64．32％／60．09％、33．78％／37．02％、42．03％／54．62％及12．5％／4．23％。两组间受精率无显著性差别,畸精子症组的临床妊娠率显著性低于正常形态组,而早期流产率显著高于正常形态组（P〈0．05）;ICSI组中,畸精子症组和正常形态组的正常受精率、种植率、临床妊娠率及流产率分别为68．01％／64．59％、32．26％／33．78％、43．75％／52．63％及4．76％／5％。畸精子症患者的临床妊娠率较正常组显著性降低（P〈0．05）。将两种受精方式的畸精子症组间比较,IVF的患者早孕流产率显著高于ICSI者（P〈0.05）。结论常规IVF中畸精子症不影响正常受精。对于畸精症子患者,其临床妊娠率均较精子形态正常组低,但是采用ICSI治疗可以显著降低早孕流产率。‘     

上游处理前后正常形态精子百分率与体外受精-胚胎移植结局的关系

目的:探讨取卵当日上游处理前后精子形态与体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)治疗结局的关系。方法:选取因单纯输卵管因素不孕而拟行IVF-ET治疗的夫妇94对。使用Kruger标准评价取卵当日上游处理前后的精子形态。以正常精子形态百分率10%为界,分别将上游处理前后的精子分成两组:B1组上游处理前正常形态≥10%,B2组<10%;A1组上游处理后正常形态≥10%,A2组<10%。分别比较B1和B2组以及A1和A2组的IVF-ET治疗结局。结果:上游处理前,B1组的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、妊娠率和胚胎种植率分别为(72.90±4.23)%、(95.20±2.61)%、(23.35±5.19)%、39.58%、18.35%;B2组分别为(71.33±5.10)%、(95.71±2.88)%、(20.18±6.15)%、41.86%、21.28%;各项指标两组之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。上游处理后,A1组受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、妊娠率、胚胎种植率分别为(72.72±3.35)%、(95.64±2.04)%、(24.39±4.57)%、50.00%、23.87%;A2组分别为(70.27±8.82)%、(94.82±4.94)%、(13.45±7.39)%、9.52%、6.25%;两组之间受精率及卵裂率差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A1组的优质胚胎率、妊娠率及种植率明显高于A2组(P<0.05)。结论:取卵当日经上游处理后的正常精子形态百分率对IVF-ET结局有较好的预测价值。     

正常形态精子百分率对单卵患者常规体外受精临床结局的影响

目的:探讨常规体外受精(IVF)正常形态精子百分率是否会影响获单卵患者的临床结局。方法:选择2013年1月至2015年1月在本院生殖中心接受常规IVF治疗且获卵数为1的256对夫妇,根据正常形态精子百分率的不同分为两组,其中正常形态精子百分率4%组134例,正常形态精子百分率≥4%组122例,比较两组间的无可移植胚胎周期发生率、受精率、卵裂率、正常受精率、异常受精率、优胚率及可用胚胎率。其中新鲜移植周期共75例,正常形态精子百分率4%组43例,正常形态精子百分率≥4%组32例,比较两组间的种植率、临床妊娠率及流产率。结果:正常形态精子百分率4%组和正常形态精子百分率≥4%组的无可移植胚胎周期发生率、受精率、卵裂率、正常受精率、异常受精率、优胚率及可用胚胎率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。新鲜移植周期中,正常形态精子百分率4%组和正常形态精子百分率≥4%组的种植率、临床妊娠率及流产率差异也无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:正常形态精子百分率不影响单卵患者常规体外受精的临床结局。     

不育男性精子形态与体外受精妊娠结局的相关性研究

目的 探讨不育男性精子形态与体外受精妊娠结局的关系.方法 按照WHO《人类精液及精子-宫颈粘液相互作用实验室检验手册》要求对573例接受辅助生殖技术治疗的男性不育患者的精子形态进行分析,根据患者正常精子形态百分比分为2组(＜1 5％:≥1 5％),分别采用体外受精(IVF)或卵泡浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的受精方式,观察精子形态对IVF及ICSI的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、妊娠率和流产率等的影响.结果采用IVF(327例)受精方式下,两形态组精子的受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率和妊娠率差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),但流产率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);而采用ICSI(246例)受精方式下,两形态组精子的上述指标比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05).结论不育男性精子形态异常影响IVF治疗结局,但对ICSI治疗结局无影响,对于精子形态异常的患者应采用ICSI的受精方式.     

精子DNA碎片对体外受精-胚胎移植胚胎发育的影响

正近来有研究发现,男性生育能力可能会随精子DNA碎片指数(DNA fragmentation index,DFI)的升高而下降,且无论在自然受孕还是通过辅助生殖技术(ART)助孕时均有体现[1-2],精子DFI被认为是较常规精液参数更为有效的男性不育指标[3]。人类胚胎最早期发育由母源mRNA调控,来自胚胎的基因组到4细胞期才被激活,来自父源基因的影响在6~8细胞期才能体现,因而大部分学者认为精子     

Individual assessment of sperm morphology of single spermatozoa used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an integral part of assisted reproduction. Although many papers have shown that global sperm count, sperm motility and sperm morphology of the ejaculate play no role in the fertilization rate after ICSI, embryologists who carry out ICSI, try to use the 'best looking' spermatozoa. The aim of the study was to investigate whether those spermatozoa with the best morphology really achieve the highest fertilization rate. In the present study, a total of 798 spermatozoa used for ICSI were documented by high-resolution photo. After ICSI the oocytes were cultured in single droplets and the formation of pronuclei was assessed 16 h later. The spermatozoa (all normal according to WHO criteria) were classified into four groups of different morphology. Group 1: normal head shape (approximately 5 microm diameter), group 2: like group 1, but with 15-20% smaller diameter, group 3: like group 1, but with 15-20% larger diameter, and group 4: like group 1, but with slight mid-piece cytoplasmic irregularities. Using the Pearson chi-square test, no significant difference in terms of fertilization was found among the different groups, showing that marginal sperm differences do not alter the fertilization process in ICSI.     

Computer-assisted assessment of sperm morphology: comparison with conventional techniques

The aim of the present study was to compare conventional and computer-assisted morphology assessment of spermatozoa. Sixty-two semen samples from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and 40 samples from patients undergoing an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were studied using both techniques. The percentage of normal spermatozoa found was closely correlated between the techniques (r=0.788, p < 0.0001). The intra-operator variation was low for both techniques but the inter-operator variation was much higher with the conventional than with the computer-assisted method (coefficient of variation = 0.43 vs. 0.08, respectively, for conventional and computer-assisted assessments). The percentage of spermatozoa with normal morphology, as well as sperm motility, was significantly enhanced after PureSperm preparation, whatever the method used for assessment. In the IVF study, fertilization rate was poorly correlated with sperm morphology using both methods. However, combined with motility, morphology assessed with the computer allowed discrimination of two groups of patients with significantly different fertilization rates (30.5 +/- 5.4% vs. 63.1 +/- 5.4%, p < 0.0001). In contrast, the fertilization rate in ICSI was influenced neither by sperm morphology nor by motility. In conclusion, computer-assisted assessment of sperm morphology has a slightly better predictive value for ART than conventional assessment, but above all is much more reproducible, allowing standardization.     

男性年龄对体外授精-胚胎移植妊娠结局的影响

目的:探讨中国男性年龄对体外授精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)妊娠结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析广州医科大学附属第三医院生殖医学中心2009年1月1日至2013年10月31日的IVF周期。女方按年龄分为3组:<30岁、30~34岁、35~38岁,在女方年龄分层基础上按男方年龄再分为6组:<30岁、30~32岁、33~35岁、36~38岁、39~41岁、≥42岁。比较不同男性年龄组的种植率、妊娠率、流产率、活产率。结果:不同男性年龄组,女方的基础血E2、FSH、h CG日内膜厚度、取卵数、胚胎移植天数无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。不同男性年龄组(<30、30~32、33~35、36~38、39~41、≥42)种植率呈下降趋势:女方年龄<30岁时,种植率分别为41.1%、42.0%、39.5%、31.3%、40.7%、48.6%(P<0.05);女方年龄30~34岁时,种植率分别为40.3%、36.4%、35.1%、35.3%、29.4%、37.3%(P<0.05);女方年龄35~38岁时,种植率分别为48.2%、17.8%、25.3%、23.5%、22.1%、23.8%(P<0.05)。女方年龄30~34岁时,男方年龄≥39岁组流产率显著高于30~32岁、33~35岁2组(P<0.05)。女性年龄<30岁组及35~38岁组,不同男性年龄组流产率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。不同男性年龄组妊娠率、活产率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:男性年龄对IVF妊娠率及活产率无显著影响,对种植率、流产率有一定的影响。     

体外受精-胚胎移植术中使用冷冻供精及夫精的临床效果观察

目的 观察比较IVF-ET中使用冷冻供精及夫精的临床效果,了解正常精液经冷冻保存后使用是否影响IVF-ET的效果。方法 回顾本院常规IVF-ET中使用新鲜夫精172周期(夫精组)及采用冷冻供精47个周期(供精组)资料,对两组的精液情况、受精率、卵裂率以及临床妊娠率进行分析比较。结果 冷冻供精组在精子密度、精子总活动率、前向运动精子率3项指标均低于新鲜夫精组(P<0.01),而受精率、卵裂率、临床妊娠率两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论 正常精液经冷冻保存后,尽管精液各项参数有一定改变,但对IVF-ET中受精率、卵裂率及临床妊娠率无明显影响。     

按WHO《人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》第5版标准探讨精子形态对IVF-ET助孕结局的预测价值

目的:按WHO《人类精液检查与处理实验室手册》第5版(《WHO5》)标准探讨正常形态精子百分率对常规体外受精-胚胎移植的助孕结局及新生儿健康状况的预测价值。方法:采用《WHO5》标准把研究对象789例分为畸形精子症组(正常形态精子百分率<4%,35例)和正常组(正常形态精子百分率≥4%,754例),比较两组间正常受精率、卵裂率、优胚率、种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率及新生儿情况。结果:①两组间患者年龄(男、女方)、获卵数、女方平均身高及平均体重指数差异不显著(P>0.05);畸形精子症组的正常受精率、卵裂率、优胚率、周期冷冻率、种植率及移植周期妊娠率略低于正常组,而其流产率略高于正常组,但两组间各指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);②除外继续妊娠(畸形精子症组1例,正常组140例),随访789个移植周期已分娩228个婴儿,畸形精子症组15个(9单胎+3双胎),正常组213个(141单胎+36双胎),出生婴儿无先天性缺陷,两组间孕周、早产率、低体重发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:按《WHO5》标准仅通过精子形态预测体外受精-胚胎移植的助孕结局及新生儿情况具有一定局限性。     

The influence of male age on treatment outcomes and neonatal birthweight following assisted reproduction technology involving intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of male age on treatment outcomes and neonatal birthweight following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). This study included 2,474 ICSI cycles. Male partners were stratified into 5‐year age categories (up to 25, 26–30, 31–35, 36–40 and 41 and up). Multilevel logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between male age and treatment outcomes. After adjusting for confounders, we found no difference in the clinical pregnancy rate. However, we observed that the 31‐ to 35‐year group had a higher odds of live birth than that of the >41‐year group (aOR 1.63, p = .03), and that the risk of abortion in the 31‐ to 35‐year group was lower than that of the reference group (aOR 0.41, p = .02). A total of 754 single‐foetus newborns and 556 twin newborns were analysed. Among the singletons, none of the variables differed among the five groups (p > .05). Among the twins, the infants in the 36‐ to 40‐year group had a lower neonatal birthweight and a higher low‐birthweight rate than those of the other groups (p < .05). Our study indicates that increased paternal age negatively affects the live birth and miscarriage rates. In addition, advanced paternal age may affect the birthweight of twins.     

Abnormal sperm morphology and other semen parameters related to the outcome of the hamster oocyte human sperm penetration assay

A new method for evaluation of sperm morphology using strict criteria is currently used in the andrology laboratory at the Eastern Virginia Medical School. A prospective study was designed to evaluate the following semen parameters in samples of all patients over a set period of time: sperm concentration and motility, and normal sperm morphology. These factors were correlated with results of the hamster zona-free oocyte/human sperm penetration assay (SPA). One hundred patients with a sperm concentration ranging from 2 to 219 X 10(6)/ml, a motile sperm fraction ranging from 6.9 to 87%, and normal sperm morphology ranging from 1 to 39%, were evaluated. The statistical analysis system general linear model was used to judge the influence of the different variables. There was a statistically significant relationship between the per cent of sperm with normal morphology and penetration rate in the SPA (P = 0.001). Outcome of the SPA was also correlated with in vitro fertilization, retrospectively, in 84 patients. Thirty-eight patients had an SPA less than 10%, with no fertilization in vitro in 13 patients (33.3%) and fertilization in 25 (66.7%). Forty-five had an SPA greater than 10% with fertilization in 37 (82.2%) and no fertilization in eight (17.8%) patients.