皮肤扩张期间的激光脱毛治疗

目的：探讨皮肤扩张期间的激光脱毛治疗。方法：应用CoolideV型Nd：YAG激光系统对扩张皮肤进行脱毛治疗,激光波长1064nm,光斑大小为10mm,能量35～45J/cm2。遵循由低到高的原则进行激光能量调节,脱毛前后冰敷以及激光冷却探头与皮肤充分接触以减少扩张皮肤血管损伤。结果：应用本方法进行耳部扩张皮肤脱毛和额部扩张皮肤脱毛各5例,脱毛效果良好,扩张皮瓣转移进行耳再造和鼻再造手术效果满意,未见扩张皮肤并发症发生。结论：皮肤扩张期间的脱毛治疗是安全可靠的,适当的激光能量调节和脱毛操作有利于避免和减少激光对扩张皮肤的损伤,安全顺利完成皮瓣转移手术。     

长脉冲Nd:YAG 1064nm激光治疗耳廓再造术后耳廓脱毛的疗效观察

激光脱毛是目前最常用的体表脱毛方法,以往的报道以半导体激光和翠绿宝石激光为多[1-2]。耳后乳突区皮肤扩张法进行耳廓再造是一种新型的耳廓再造方法[3],该方法的最大弊端是再造耳廓皮肤常有头发残留,需常规接受术后脱毛治疗。2009年2月～2011年6月,笔者科室利用长脉冲可调脉宽YAG 1064nm激光治疗仪对60例耳再造术后耳廓多毛患     

匐行性血管瘤10例的激光治疗

目的：探讨可调长脉冲1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗匐行性血管瘤的有效性。方法：10例匐行性血管瘤患者均有典型的临床表现,其中3例皮损泛发,累及躯干和四肢,其余患者的皮损较局限。6例患者的组织病理检查均符合匐行性血管瘤的改变。所有患者均用可调长脉冲1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗。结果：10例患者经1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗1～2次后,均取得了满意疗效。结论：可调长脉冲1064nm Nd：YAG激光是一种治疗匐行性血管瘤的有效方法。     

优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd∶YAG1064nm激光治疗痤疮瘢痕疗效研究

目的 观察优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd：YAG1064nm激光治疗痤疮瘢痕及其伴发色素沉着、红斑、毛孔粗大临床疗效. 方法 痤疮瘢痕患者共162例,采用随机分组其中78例运用优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd：YAG 1064nm激光治疗,48例运用优化强脉冲光治疗,36例运用长脉宽Nd：YAG 1064nm激光治疗.治疗参数：强脉冲光滤光片640nm,能量密度20～24J/cm2,脉宽4ms,脉冲3个,延迟时间30ms.Nd：YAG1064nm激光,9mm光斑治疗头,能量密度单脉冲58～64J/cm2,脉宽20ms.一疗程5次,每次间隔1个月. 结果 162例患者3种治疗方式ECCA评分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗方式中优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd：YAG1064nm激光治疗组与优化强脉冲治疗组ECCA评分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd：YAG1064nm激光治疗组与长脉宽Nd：YAG1064nm激光治疗组ECCA评分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.痤疮瘢痕及其伴发色素沉着有效率71.19％（95％CI：59.40％～82.98％）,红斑有效率88.14％ （95％CI：79.91％～96.37％）,毛孔粗大有效率71％（95％CI：60.45％～81.97％）.所有患者治疗中未发现任何严重的副作用. 结论 优化强脉冲光联合长脉宽Nd：YAG1064nm激光治疗对痤疮瘢痕及伴有局部色素沉着,红斑,毛孔粗大等都有较好的疗效.     

强脉冲光与Nd：YAG激光面部非剥脱除皱疗效比较分析

目的 比较强脉冲光与Nd：YAG激光在非剥脱面部除皱中的疗效与安全性。方法 64例要求面部非剥脱除皱患者随机等分为两组，皆为Fitzpatrick Ⅲ～Ⅳ型皮肤。一组接受4次640nm强脉冲光治疗。另一组接受4次1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗，治疗间隔2周。分别于每次治疗后及最后一次治疗2，4，8，12，24周后随访治疗效果。结果 治疗24周后患者主观满意程度(计分1～10)有明显差别。皮肤皱纹改善客观指标亦有明显差别。主要并发症是皮肤水疤及红斑现象。结论 640nm强脉冲光与Nd：YAG激光皆有非剥脱除皱作用,640nm强脉冲光的疗效明显优于Nd：YAG激光。但并发症较多。     

单用强脉冲光、长脉宽Nd:YAG激光以及低能量下两者联合使用治疗微静脉畸形的临床疗效比较

目的:观察单用强脉冲光、长脉宽1064nm Nd:YAG激光以及低能量下两者联合使用治疗微静脉畸形的临床疗效和不良反应。方法:联合应用590～1200nm强脉冲光(能量密度12～16J/cm2,脉宽3.0～5.0ms)以及长脉宽1064nm Nd:YAG激光(能量密度80～90J/cm2,脉宽10～20ms)治疗51例微静脉畸形患者;并与单独应用强脉冲光(能量密度13～20J/cm2)及长脉宽Nd:YAG激光(能量密度120～145J/cm2)治疗结果比较。结果:强脉冲光、长脉宽1064nmNd:YAG激光及低能量下联合使用治疗微静脉畸形的有效率分别为33.1%、40.3%和56.9%,瘢痕发生率分别为0%、10.7%和5.9%。结论:低能量下联合使用强脉冲光及长脉宽1064nm Nd:YAG激光提高了微静脉畸形的有效率,且不良反应小。     

长脉冲Nd:YAG激光非侵入性治疗皮肤浅表静脉畸形

目的前瞻性研究长脉冲1064nm Nd:YAG激光非侵入性治疗皮肤浅表静脉畸形的疗效。方法22例不同部位皮肤浅表静脉畸形患者接受长脉冲1064nm Nd:YAG激光治疗,6mm直径光斑,7～8ms双脉宽,脉冲间隔20ms,140～150J/cm2能量,接触式冷却,治疗间隔3周至1个月,治疗后1、6个月随访,评价病灶清除率分为五级。结果22例患者完成治疗,最多治疗5次。随访6个月,96.3%浅表静脉畸形获得76%～100%的清除,37%获得病灶的完全清除,未见复发。治疗部位无一例发生紫癜,治疗后8例(38.1%)出现红斑,1d至1个月消退。无色素改变和形成。结论长脉冲1064nm Nd:YAG激光能有效安全地治疗皮肤浅表静脉畸形,选择性地清除浅表血管,并使用接触冷却系统保护表皮,减少紫癜发生及色素改变和瘢痕的形成,达到理想的美容效果。     

长脉宽1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗黄褐斑疗效观察

目的：探讨长脉宽1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗黄褐斑的临床疗效和安全性。方法：选取12例面部黄褐斑患者,采用长脉宽1064nm Nd：YAG激光,光斑直径5mm,脉宽0.3～0.4ms,能量13～15J/cm2,频率7～10Hz,全面部每次扫描约6000～12000个脉冲,共治疗10次,每2周1次,术后严格防晒。每次治疗前采用MASI评分和前后照片比较改善效果。结果：12例经过10次治疗,黄褐斑患者均获得不同程度改善,其中3例的改善率达到了60%,5例达到50%以上的改善。无1例出现严重副反应,同时还有改善皮肤质地的作用,80%以上的患者表示满意。结论：长脉宽1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗黄褐斑疗效确切,安全性高,无明显副作用,是一种治疗黄褐斑安全、有效的新方法。     

Q开关激光治疗双侧面部获得性太田痣样斑287例疗效分析

目的：比较Q开关紫翠宝石755nm激光、Nd：YAG1064nm激光和倍频Nd：YAG532nm激光对双侧获得性太田痣样斑的治疗效果和副作用。方法：运用Q开关紫翠宝石755nm激光、Nd：YAG1064nm激光和倍频Nd：YAG532nm激光分别对287例患者进行治疗。结果：经过1～13次治疗后,痊愈140例,显效66例,有效59例,无效22例,总有效率71.8%,总治愈率48.8%。倍频Nd：YAG532nm激光治疗起效快而副反应明显,Q开关紫翠宝石755nm激光和Nd：YAG1064nm激光起效慢但副反应轻微。结论：三种Q开关激光均能有效治疗双侧获得性太田痣样斑,长程低能量的Q开关紫翠宝石755nm激光和Nd：YAG1064nm激光因副反应轻微更适合美容患者的需要。     

长脉冲1064nm Gentle YAG激光联合595nm脉冲染料激光治疗增厚型微静脉畸形回顾性分析

目的：观察长脉冲1064nm Gentle YAG激光联合595nm脉冲染料激光治疗增厚型微静脉畸形的临床疗效和不良反应。方法：使用长脉冲1064nm Gentle YAG激光和595nm脉冲染料激光对14例患者进行治疗,其中长脉冲1064nm Gentle YAG激光能量密度150～240J/cm2,光斑直径3mm,脉宽20～40ms;595nm脉冲染料激光能量密度12～15J/cm2,光斑直径7mm,脉宽6～20ms;共治疗2～7次,间隔时间4～8周。结果：痊愈6例（6/14）,显效5例（5/14）,好转3例（3/14）,无效0例。治疗后出现轻度色素沉着3例（3/14）,均在数月后恢复,遗留增生性瘢痕1例（1/14）,凹陷性瘢痕1例（1/14）。结论：长脉冲1064nm Gentle YAG激光联合595nm脉冲染料激光是目前比较安全、高效的治疗增厚型微静脉畸形的方法。     

The temperatures reached and the damage caused to hair follicles by the normal-mode ruby laser when used for depilation

Although it is proposed that heat is the cause of follicular damage leading to depilation, this has never been proved. This study aims to determine the mode by which depilation is effected and, if heat is the mechanism, what temperatures are reached within treated follicles and if sufficient damage is produced therein. Two excised specimens of hair-bearing skin from 5 patients undergoing facelifts were dissected to reveal the hair bulbs/shafts on the deep surface. They were placed on a jig, and one pulse from a normal-mode ruby laser (NMRL) of 15 J per square centimeter was fired on the epidermal surface. A thermal imaging camera recorded dermal temperature changes on the deep surface in real time. Specimens were then examined histologically for the site and extent of cellular damage by immunohistochemical staining for a protein marker of cell damage (p53). The NMRL targeted hair follicles specifically. The most common follicular temperature increase ranged from 5 to 10 degrees C. In specimens from 1 patient the increase was more than 30 degrees C (p < 0.001). Heat dissipation into interfollicular tissue in all specimens occurred 2 seconds after exposure. Evidence of laser-induced damage to follicle-lining cells was found only in those follicles with damaged hair shafts. The changes were found to a greater depth (to the bulb) and greater extent (beyond the bulge) in those follicles reaching higher temperatures. These findings suggest that the NMRL should produce permanent depilation. The variability between follicles and between patients explains, perhaps, the uneven outcome regarding depilation using the NMRL. Success appears to depend on peak follicular temperatures achieved during laser exposure, which may result from the follicular characteristics of the individual patient.     

Long-Pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG Laser-Assisted Hair Removal in All Skin Types

BACKGROUND: Although there are several different laser systems available for the reduction of unwanted hair, no single system has been shown to be superior in providing safe and effective hair removal in every skin type. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a high-energy, long-pulsed, 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with a contact cooling device for hair removal in skin phototypes I-VI. METHODS: Thirty-six adult patients (skin phototypes I-VI) with dark terminal facial or nonfacial hair were treated with a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 10-mm spot size, fluence of 30 to 60 J/cm2). The selected pulse duration was dependent on the skin type of the patient: Skin types I/II, III/IV, and V/VI received 10, 20, and 30 ms, respectively. Three consecutive laser treatments were delivered to 36 skin sites at 4- to 6-week intervals. Hair counts and photographic evaluations of skin sites were obtained at baseline, immediately before each treatment session, and at 1, 3, and 6 months after the final laser treatment. RESULTS: Peak hair reduction was observed 1 month after the series of laser treatments with a mean hair reduction ranging from 58% to 62% on facial sites and 66% to 69% on nonfacial sites. At 6 months after a series of three long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser treatments, a mean hair reduction of 41% to 46% on the face and 48% to 53% on the body was found depending on the skin phototype. Adverse reactions included mild to moderate treatment pain, short-term erythema, and rare occurrences of transient pigmentary alteration without scarring. CONCLUSION: The long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser with contact cooling is a safe and effective method of hair reduction in patients of all skin types. Side effects were limited and transient.     

手术去毛法的实验及临床研究

目的观察去除多厚的真皮组织及其内的毛囊毛发才不至于再生。方法以五指山小型猪为实验对象,去除不同厚度的真皮组织及其内的毛囊观察猪毛的再生情况,并根据其结果在临床上去除一定厚度的头皮真皮组织及毛囊。结果去除２／３的真皮组织及其内的毛囊可阻止猪毛再生。１９９５年１月至１９９６年１２月,对６２例患者,根据不同年龄去除１／４～２／５的真皮组织及相应的毛囊达到满意的临床效果。结论手术去毛法是一简单、有效、可靠的方法。     

Experimental investigation on the vascular thermal response to near-infrared laser pulses

Port wine stains (PWS) are congenital vascular malformations that progressively darken and thicken with age. To improve the effect of laser therapy in clinical practice, thermal response of blood vessel to a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser with controlled energy doses and pulse durations was evaluated using the dorsal skin chamber model. A total of 137 vessels with 30–300 μm diameters were selected from the dorsal skin of the mouse to match those capillaries in port wine stains. Experimental results showed that the thermal response of blood vessels to 1064 nm laser irradiation can be classified as follows: vessel dilation, coagulation, constriction with decreased diameter, complete constriction, hemorrhage, and collagen damage with increasing laser radiant exposure. In most cases, that is, 83 of 137 blood vessels (60.6%), Nd:YAG laser irradiation was characterized by complete constriction (immediate blood vessel disappearance). To reveal the possible damage mechanisms and evaluate blood vessel photocoagulation patterns, theoretical investigation using bioheat transfer equation was conducted in mouse skin with a depth of 1000 μm. Complete constriction as the dominant thermal response as evidenced by uniform blood heating within the vessel lumen was noted in both experimental observation and theoretical investigation. To achieve the ideal clinical effect using the Nd:YAG laser treatment, the radiant exposure should not only be high enough to induce complete constriction of the blood vessels but also controlled carefully to avoid surrounding collagen damage. The short pulse duration of 1–3 ms is better than long pulse durations because hemorrhaging of small capillaries is occasionally observed postirradiation with pulse durations longer than 10 ms.     

手术去毛法的实验及临床研究

目的 观察去除多厚的真皮组织及其内的毛囊毛发才不至于再生。方法 以五指山小型猪为实验对象，去除不同百度的真皮组织及其内的毛囊观察猪毛的再生情况，并根据共结果与临床上去除一定厚度的头皮真皮组织及毛囊。结果 去除２／３的真皮组织及其内的毛囊可阻止猪毛再生。１９９５年１月至１９９６年１２月有的对６２例患者，根据不同年龄去八＝４／２．５的真皮组织及相应的毛囊达到满意的临床效果。结论 手术去毛法是一简单、有     

中重度痤疮1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗后相关症状和审美评价的影响因素分析

目的:分析中重度痤疮1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗后患者出现相关症状(瘢痕遗留、色素沉着、局部红斑)的影响因素,了解人群中对中重度痤疮1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗后影响审美评价的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析在笔者医院皮肤科应用1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗的89例中重度痤疮患者的临床资料。选取100名外貌正常,具备完整审美能力的普通人作为评价者,根据李克特量表对患者形象进行评分。采用单因素分析和多元Logistic回归模型分析中重度痤疮激光治疗后相关症状和审美评价的影响因素。结果:单因素分析显示,年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟、皮肤类型、初发年龄、病程、发病部位、家族史、伴发病、蠕形螨、尘螨SPT、瘢痕体质均是中重度痤疮激光治疗后相关临床症状的影响因素(P<0.05)。评价者年龄、学历,患者年龄、BMI、皮肤类型、发病部位、瘢痕厚度和瘢痕柔软度是审美评价的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic分析显示,性别、家族史、伴发病、蠕形螨及尘螨SPT是中重度痤疮激光治疗后相关症状的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。评价者年龄、患者BMI、皮肤类型和发病部位均是审美评价的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:中重度痤疮1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗后相关症状与性别、家族史、伴发病、蠕形螨及尘螨SPT有关。中重度痤疮1064nm波长可调脉宽Nd∶YAG激光治疗后的审美评价与评价者年龄,患者BMI、皮肤类型和发病部位有关。     

长脉冲1064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎伴发的毛细血管扩张

目的：观察长脉冲1 064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎伴发毛细血管扩张的临床治疗效果。方法：治疗参数选用：光斑直径3mm,平均脉宽（13.5±3.4）ms,平均能量密度（267.2±3.1）J/cm2。结果：37例女性患者,平均治疗2.3次,面部毛细血管扩张平均密度由（2.76±1.03）根/cm2下降至（0.42±0.27）根/cm2,临床疗效显著。治疗后,皮肤恢复至基本正常状态,无瘢痕、色素改变,皮炎反复发作的现象消失。结论：长脉冲1 064nm Nd：YAG激光治疗面部激素依赖性皮炎伴有的毛细血管扩张具有较好临床治疗效果,方法值得进行更广泛的临床实践与深入研究。