组织细胞间粘附分子-1在阻塞性黄疸小肠粘膜损伤中的作用及丹参防治机制的研究

目的：研究组织细胞间粘附分子－1（ICAM－1）在阻塞性黄疸（阻黄）小肠粘膜损伤中的作用及丹参防治小肠粘膜损伤机制。方法：SD大鼠48只分为4组：假手术对照组（SO＋NS）、阻黄组（BDL＋NS）、治疗对照组（SO＋SM）及丹参治疗组（BDL＋SM），每组术后再随机分设7、14d两个时相点。在不同时相点检测小肠组织髓过氧化物酶活性（MPO）、ICAM－1、二胺氧化酶（DAO）、血浆内毒素水平变化，并与丹参治疗组进行比较。结果：BDL＋NS组7、14d时小肠DAO的活性降低，MPO活性增高P＜0．05），门表脉血浆内毒素增加，ICAM－1主要表达在小肠粘膜上皮组织，且表达逐渐增强（P＜0．05）；BDL＋SM组7、14d时小肠组织DAO活性显著升高，门静脉血浆内毒素降低，ICAM－1表达受到抑制（P＜0．05），MPO改变不明显。结论：阻黄引起小肠上皮细胞上的ICAM－1表达上调，参与了中性粒细胞（PMN）介导的小肠粘膜损伤；丹参是通过抑制ICAM－1的表达而减轻小肠粘膜的损伤。     

浅低温对犬心脏停跳复苏后脑线粒体膜流动性及Na＋-K＋ATPase的影响

目的　研究全脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑线粒体膜流动性及Ｎａ＋ －Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰａｓｅ的变化及低温的影响。方法　健康家犬１６ 只随机分为三组：Ａ组（ｎ＝ ４）,非缺血对照组;Ｂ组（ｎ＝ ６）,心脏停跳复苏后常温常规治疗组;Ｃ组（ｎ＝ ６）,心脏骤停复苏后,低温液灌注组。Ｂ、Ｃ两组动物心脏停跳１８ 分钟,复苏后治疗观察８ 小时,Ａ 组动物完成手术操作观察８小时,处死动物取脑组织测定线粒体膜流动性、Ｎａ＋ －Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰａｓｅ 活性和ＭＤＡ含量。结果　Ｂ组动物脑线粒体膜微粘度和ＭＤＡ明显高于正常对照组,浅低温治疗后,脑线粒体膜微粘度明显降低,Ｎａ＋ －Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显升高,ＭＤＡ 含量降低。结论　脑缺血再灌注可致脑线粒体膜功能损害,浅低温可促进脑线粒体膜功能的恢复。     

活血清解灵对ACST大鼠肺组织内NOS及肺泡巨噬细胞分 …

目的：观察急性重证胆管炎（ＡＣＳＴ）大鼠肺组织内一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）、肺泡巨噬细胞分泌一氧化氮（ＮＯ）的变化及活血清解灵的调节作用。方法：通过胆总管远端结扎，近端注入菌液并封闭的方法，造成大鼠ＡＣＳＴ模型。采用单纯胆管减压、胆管减压配合活血清解灵两种不同方法治疗。分离和培养肺泡巨噬细胞，采用Ｇｒｉｅｓｓ法检测收集培养液中ＮＯ水平。应用分光光度法测定ＮＯＳ活性。结果：ＡＣＳＴ组肺内ＮＯＳ的水平和肺     

实验性梗阻性黄疸肠道细菌易位及精氨酸治疗的研究

目的观察梗阻性黄疸（梗黄）大鼠肠道细菌易位状况及经胃肠道给予精氨酸对肠道细菌易位的影响。方法结扎Wistar大鼠胆管，制成梗黄模型，60只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、梗黄组和梗黄＋精氨酸治疗组，每组各20只，于术后21d观察并比较各组血浆内毒素、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）的含量及肝功能状况，并对肠系膜淋巴结、胰腺及肺组织行细菌培养，末端小肠做病理检查。结果梗黄组大鼠血浆内毒素、TNF-α、IL-6含量、总胆红素及谷丙转氨酶均明显升高，肠系膜淋巴结、胰及肺组织细菌培养阳性率明显升高，小肠黏膜损伤严重，而精氨酸治疗组以上血清学指标较梗黄组均显著下降，肠系膜淋巴结、胰及肺组织细菌培养阳性率明显降低，小肠黏膜病理损害程度明显减轻。结论梗黄后出现的高内毒素血症与肠道细菌易位关系密切。精氨酸治疗可减轻梗黄时肠道细菌易位，从而降低血浆内毒素水平及细胞因子的过表达。     

参附注射液对缺血再灌注家兔多脏器损伤的治疗作用

目的：观察参附注射液（ＳＦ）对缺血再灌注家兔多脏器细胞损伤的保护作用。方法：家兔１８只，采用失血性休克模型，随机分为三组，检测多脏器组织中ＳＯＤ、ＭＤＡ、ＴＮＦ含量及血浆酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）、镁浓度，小肠组织作透射电镜观察。结果：再灌９０分钟后ＳＦ治疗组肝、肾、肺、肠组织中的ＭＤＡ和ＴＮＦ水平低于对照组，ＳＯＤ水平则高于对照组，血ＡＣＰ、Ｍｇ２＋浓度治疗组低于对照组。电镜观察，肠粘膜上皮细胞损伤ＳＦ组不明显。结论：ＳＦ对兔缺血再灌注多脏器细胞的损伤有保护作用。     

参附注射液对大鼠胰腺移植受体小肠肠粘膜屏障的保护作用

目的探讨参附注射液（SF）对大鼠胰腺移植受体肠粘膜屏障的保护作用及机制。方法24只糖尿病大鼠随机分为缺血再灌注组（IR组。n=12），参附注射液预处理组（SF组．n=12），12只正常大鼠为对照组，IR组和SF组大鼠均接受胰腺移植，再灌注后5d检测小肠通透性和吸收功能，检测血清TNF-α、NO、SOD和淀粉酶活性，取受体空肠粘膜组织检测小肠粘膜粘膜湿重、微绒毛高度及宽度、MDA含量及MPO活性，同时取肠系膜静脉血、肠系膜淋巴结、肝及脾组织进行细菌培养，观察细菌易位情况。结果再灌注后SF组血清TNF—α含量（P〈0．01）、淀粉酶活性（P〈0．01）、MDA含量（P〈0．01）、MPO活性（P〈0．01）、小肠通透性（P〈0．01）、细菌易位率（P〈0．01）和小肠粘膜损伤程度均低于IR组；血清NO和SOD含量、小肠吸收功能均高于IR组（P〈0．01）。结论SF预处理可保护大鼠胰腺移植受体小肠肠粘膜屏障，降低细菌易位率，机制可能与降低胰酶活性、减少TNF—α生成、减轻PMNs粘附与聚集、增加NO和SOD含量有关。     

胆囊切除术中胆总管钳夹结扎后及时松解的实验研究

目的探讨胆囊切除术中胆总管钳夹结扎后立即松解对胆总管损伤程度的影响。方法选取健康日本大白兔18只，按完全随机法均分成3组，即单纯胆囊切除组、胆囊切除＋胆总管横行结扎组（简称横行结扎组）和胆囊切除＋肝总管胆总管汇合部“Y”形结扎组（简称“Y”形结扎组），后两组结扎5min后松解。观察不同时间各组转氨酶、胆红素变化情况及胆管、肝脏的病理状况。结果术前12h、术后1、7d谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总胆红素、直接胆红素及直接胆红素与总胆红素的比值，横行结扎组及“Y”形结扎组与单纯胆囊切除组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；术后30和90d，上述各项指标横行结扎组及“Y”形结扎组与单纯胆囊切除组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），胆管和肝脏病理学检查也有明显变化。结论胆囊切除术中胆总管钳夹结扎后及时（5min）松解对胆总管近期影响不明显，远期可造成胆管狭窄、梗阻。     

浅低温对犬心脏停跳复苏后脑线粒体膜流动性及Na^＋—K^＋ATPa …

目的 研究全脑缺血再灌注损伤后脑线体膜流动性及Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ的变化及低温的影响。方法 健康家犬１６只随机分为三组：Ａ组（ｎ＝４），非缺血对照组，Ｂ组（ｎ＝６）?心脏停跳复苏后常温常规组；Ｃ组（ｎ＝６），心脏骤停复苏后，低温液灌注组。Ｂ、Ｃ两组动物心脏停跳１８分钟复苏后治疗观察８小时，Ａ组动物完成手术操作观察８小时，处死动物取脑组织测定线粒体膜浒性。Ｎａ＾＋－Ｋ＾＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性和Ｍ     

大鼠烧伤后心肌局部肾素-血管紧张素系统的改变

目的观察烧伤早期心肌局部肾素血管紧张素系统（ＲＡＳ）变化及其对心肌肌浆网（ＳＲ）钙运转功能的影响,探讨烧伤早期心功能障碍的发病机制。方法大鼠随机分为对照组（８只,不予致伤）,烧伤组（４０只,致３０％Ⅲ度烧伤）,治疗组（４０只,Ｌｉｓｉｎｏｐｒｉｌ灌胃３天后致３０％Ⅲ度烧伤）,测定烧伤前（对照组）及烧伤后３,８,２４ｈ左心功能变化,心肌组织血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）活性,血管紧张素Ⅱ（ＡⅡ）及钙离子（Ｃａ２＋）含量变化,测定心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性,及ＳＲＣａ２＋运转功能的变化。结果烧伤组大鼠左心室内压变化最大速率（±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ）明显降低,心肌组织ＡＣＥ活性、ＡⅡ及Ｃａ２＋含量显著增加,心肌ＳＲＣａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性降低,ＳＲＣａ２＋摄取减少。治疗组预防性给予ＡＣＥ抑制剂Ｌｉｓｉｎｏｐｒｉｌ可显著降低烧伤后心肌组织ＡＣＥ活性,减少ＡⅡ产生,Ｃａ２＋含量降低,增加ＳＲＣａ２＋ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性,ＳＲＣａ２＋摄取增加,左心室功能明显改善。结论烧伤早期心肌局部ＲＡＳ迅速激活,抑制ＳＲＣａ２＋运转,可能是心肌ＲＡＳ促进烧伤早期心功能障碍的作用机制之一。     

普鲁卡因对离体人红细胞膜ATPases活性的影响

盐酸普鲁卡因是静脉复合麻醉（ＩＢＡ）的常用药物之一。我们发现在ＩＰＢＡ下施行上腹部手 术时，术毕人红细胞膜ＡＴＰａｓｅｓ活性有所下降。本研究的目的是观察普鲁卡因对离体人红细胞膜ＡＴ－ Ｐａｓｅ活性是否有直接影响。结果；一定浓度的普鲁卡因对Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性有明显抑制作用，对 Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性无明显作用，对Ｃａ２＋－Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性有轻微保护作用。研究结果为临床合理应 用ＩＰＢＡ提供了一定的实验依据。     

Role of bile in intestinal barrier function and its inhibitory effect on bacterial translocation in obstructive jaundice in rats

BACKGROUND: Our previous study using genetically labeled Escherichia coli strain JNW14 revealed that obstructive jaundice promotes bacterial translocation in rats and that the absence of bile in the intestinal tract is considered to be a factor inducing bacterial translocation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of bile and bile acids in intestinal barrier function against bacterial translocation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight-week-old male specific-pathogen-free Wistar rats were subjected to ligation of their common bile ducts (CBDL). The CBDL rats were treated with bacitracin, neomycin sulfate, and streptomycin sulfate, and the intestinal tract was colonized with E. coli strain JNW14, which was genetically labeled with resistant markers against the above three antibiotics, to monitor the bacterial translocation. The rats were then administered saline, cholic acid (20 mg/100 g BW), taurocholic acid (TCA: 5-50 mg/100 BW), or bile (1.5-6 mL/day) via a duodenal catheter. The degree of bacterial translocation of E. coli strain JNW14 to the mesenteric lymph nodes was compared. Histopathological examination of the terminal ileum and intestinal permeability test using phenolsulfonphthalein was also performed. RESULTS: Both cholic acid and TCA showed no inhibitory effect on bacterial translocation at any of the doses tested in CBDL rats, although TCA significantly decreased the numbers of E. coli strain JNW14 in the cecum. However, bile administration reduced the numbers of E. coli strain JNW14 in the cecum and mesenteric lymph nodes in CBDL rats although the inhibitory effect was weak. The integrity and permeability of the intestinal mucosa were kept at normal levels by bile administration in CBDL rats whereas the morphological changes, such as villous atrophy, villous edema, and lacteal canal dilatation, were observed in other CBDL rats. CONCLUSION: Bile plays an important role in maintaining the intestinal barrier function to prevent the invasion of enteric bacteria to the underlying tissues, suggesting that the intestinal administration of bile to patients with obstructive jaundice is a useful way to reduce infectious complications by inhibiting bacterial translocation from the intestine to other organs.     

山莨菪碱对梗阻性黄疸心脏的保护作用

目的 观察梗阻性黄疸时山莨菪碱对心脏的保护作用。方法将30只成年Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组和梗阻性黄疸模型组;模型组包括山莨菪碱治疗组,生理盐水对照组。分别于术后第14、28天测定各组血浆内毒素含量,观察心肌病理、酶组织化学和心率改变及山莨菪碱治疗后的变化。结果生理盐水对照组血浆内毒素水平明显升高,心肌出现变性、局灶坏死、线粒体破损等病理改变,心肌组织琥珀酸脱氢酶、腺苷三磷酸酶活性明显降低(P<0.05),而酸性磷酸酶活性明显增强(P<0.05),心率明显减缓(P<0.05),山莨菪碱治疗组则以上情况均有明显改善(P>0.05)。结论 山莨菪碱对梗阻性黄疸时心脏有保护作用。     

Effect of Bile Acid Replacement on Endotoxin-induced Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Production in Obstructive Jaundice

There is a high incidence of perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients with obstructive jaundice due to sepsis. Tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) is considered a crucial mediator in inducing and processing the inflammatory cascade. We hypothesize that obstructive jaundice leads to an increased endotoxin-induced TNF-a production and that intestinal bile acid replacement can prevent this phenomenon. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to three groups of 12 animals each. Group 1 underwent common bile duct ligation (CBDL) with oral intestinal bile acid (deoxycholic acid 5 mg/100 g body weight/3 times daily) replacement (CBDL + bile acid); group 2 underwent common bile duct ligation with the same amount of normal saline replacement orally (CBDL + saline); and group 3 underwent a sham operation (sham control). After 2 days, endotoxin was given to the animals, and after 90 minutes, tissues (liver and lung) and blood were collected for checking the TNF-a levels and biochemical analyses. Comparisons among these three groups were performed and recorded. While serum and tissue (liver and lung) TNF-a levels of group 2 (CBDL + saline) were significantly increased after endotoxin challenge, these elevations were reduced to control levels (sham control) following oral replacement of intestinal bile acid (CBDL + bile acid). Obstructive jaundice leads to an increased endotoxin-induced TNF-a production and intestinal bile acid replacement can inhibit this phenomenon.     

Effect of obstructive jaundice on the electrophysiological characteristics of the gastric mucosa and gastric acid secretion in rats

To elucidate the effect of jaundice on the electrophysiological characteristics of the gastric mucosa and gastric acid secretion, gastric mucosal potential difference (PD) and gastric acid secretion were measured in rats with obstructive jaundice. Also transepithelial potential difference (TEPD), short circuit current (Isc) and transepithelial electrical resistance (Rt) were measured in the isolated gastric mucosa of rats with obstructive jaundice. Secondly, to confirm whether the alteration of these parameters were induced by jaundice and increased serum bile acids in the jaundiced rats, the effects of biliary drainage on the electrophysiological characteristics and gastric acid secretion, and the effects of bile acid (TCA) on TEPD, Isc, Rt were evaluated. PD, TEPD, Isc and gastric acid secretion were reduced in the jaundiced rats, and tended to recover after biliary drainage. TEPD and Isc were reduced significantly by TCA administration. These results suggest that active ion transport in the gastric mucosal cells and gastric acid secretion are impaired in jaundiced rats and the increased serum bile acid in jaundiced rats may cause these dysfunctions and the impaired active ionic transport function is improved by biliary drainage.     

Prostaglandin E1 maintains structural integrity of intestinal mucosa and prevents bacterial translocation during experimental obstructive jaundice.

The absence of bile in the gut lumen induces mucosal injury and promotes bacterial translocation (BT). Prostaglandin E (PGE) has a protective effect on the mucosal layer of the alimentary tract. We hypothesize that PGE1 may prevent BT by its beneficial action on the mucosa of the small bowel. Thirty Wistar albino rats were divided equally into 3 groups; Group 1 (control) underwent sham laparotomy, group 2 obstructive jaundice (OJ) and group 3 (OJ + PGE1) underwent common bile duct (CBD) ligation and transection. Groups 1 and 2 received; 1 mL normal saline and group 3 received 40 mg of the PGE1 analogue misoprostol dissolved in 1 mL normal saline administered by orogastric tube once daily. After 7 days, laparotomy and collection of samples for laboratory analyses were performed, including bacteriological analysis of intestine, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and blood, and histopathologic examination of intestinal mucosa to determine mucosal thickness and structural damage. Serum bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase levels confirmed OJ in all animals with CBD transection. The mucosal damage score was significantly reduced in jaundiced animals receiving PGE1 compared to jaundiced controls (2.15 +/- 0.74 vs 5.3 +/- 0.59; p < .00001) and mucosal thickness was greater (607 +/- 59.1 microm vs. 393 +/- 40.3 microm; p < .00001). The incidence of BT to MLNs decreased from 90% to 30% (p < .02) when jaundiced rats received PGE1. PGE1 treatment reduced the detection rate of viable enteric bacteria in the blood from 60% to 10% (p < .057). We conclude that administration of PGE1 provides protection against OJ-induced atrophy and damage of intestinal mucosa, and thereby prevents translocation of enteric bacteria to underlying tissues.     

Internal biliary drainage improves decreased number of gut mucosal T lymphocytes and MAdCAM-1 expression in jaundiced rats

BACKGROUND: Although the effect of preoperative biliary drainage in patients with obstructive jaundice is controversial, bacterial or endotoxin translocation is one of the main postoperative problem in jaundiced patients. Failure in gut barrier functions causes bacterial translocation; homing and distribution of T lymphocytes in the intestinal lamina propria are important for gut mucosal immune defense. This study was performed to examine whether bile regulates the numbers of T lymphocyte subsets or the expression of mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) in experimental jaundice in rats with and without external and internal biliary drainage. METHODS: Four groups of Wistar rats were used: those that received a sham operation (SHAM), common bile duct ligation (CBDL), CBDL followed by external drainage (ED), and CBDL followed by internal drainage (ID). Numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and MAdCAM-1-positive cells in the lamina propria were counted immunohistochemically in the specimens of jejunum and ileum of each group. Bacterial translocation was examined by culturing from the mesenteric lymph node complex isolated from rats in each group. RESULTS: A significant decrease in numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and MAdCAM-1-positive cells in the lamina propria was seen in obstructive jaundice, although numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes increased in comparison with the sham-operated control. The numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes and MAdCAM-1 expression in the lamina propria did not recover to a normal level after external drainage, but did so after internal drainage. Frequencies of bacterial translocation were high in the CBDL and ED group. In contrast, bacterial translocation was not present in any animals in the SHAM group and was at a low percentage in the ID group. CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the number of T lymphocytes and MAdCAM-1 expression are associated with the presence of bile in the gastrointestinal tract and are inversely correlated with the frequency of bacterial translocation induced by CBD ligation. MAdCAM-1 expression maintained by the presence of bile may regulate T-lymphocyte homing to the lamina propria in obstructive jaundice.     

The Effect of Biliary Decompression on Bacterial Translocation in Jaundiced Rats

Patients with obstructive jaundice are prone to septic complications after biliary tract operations. Restoring bile flow to the intestine may help to decrease the complication rate. The present study is aimed at evaluating the effect of biliary decompression on bacterial translocation in jaundiced rats.Sixty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to six groups subjected to common bile duct ligation (CBDL) and transection (groups 2–6) or sham operation (group 1). In groups and 2 the incidence of enteric bacterial translocation was determined 2 weeks after sham operation or CBDL. In groups 3–6, biliary decompression was achieved by performing a choledochoduodenostomy after 2 weeks of biliary decompression. Bacterial translocation was then studied 1,2,3 and 5 weeks following biliary decompression.The rate of bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes in obstructive jaundice was significantly higher as compared with controls, and decreased with time to nil three weeks following biliary decompression. The incidence of bacterial translocation was closely correlated (r = 0.844; p = 0.034) with serum alkaline phosphatase activity and seemed to fit with the morphological changes noted in the small intestine. The decrease in bacterial translocation, however, lags behind the recovery of liver function as measured by routine liver function tests and antipyrine clearance.Obstructive jaundice thus promotes bacterial translocation in the rat. Biliary decompression gradually decreases the rate of bacterial translocation.     

Prevention of postoperative complications in jaundiced rats. Internal biliary drainage versus oral lactulose.

In an experiment mimicking a severe surgical trauma by deliberate renal ischemia, the postoperative outcome in jaundiced rats was studied. Intervention studies were performed with preoperative oral lactulose (to reduce endotoxin toxicity) or preoperative internal biliary drainage. Compared to control, obstructive jaundice in rats significantly reduced survival time (p less than 0.001) and enhanced renal impairment (p less than 0.001) after renal ischemia. Preoperative supportive therapy of jaundiced rats with oral lactulose increased survival time (p less than 0.01) but did not reduce deterioration of renal function. Preoperative internal biliary drainage proved to be superior, with a significant reduction of renal impairment (p less than 0.001) and an improved survival time (p less than 0.001). Our experiments provide further evidence that obstructive jaundice increases the complication rate following major surgical procedures. Based on our results in rats, we suggest that in obstructive jaundice preoperative internal biliary drainage is the supportive therapy of choice. However, if adequate drainage is not possible, oral treatment with lactulose may help reduce postoperative complications.     

The effect of pentoxifylline on the healing of intestinal anastomosis in rats with experimental obstructive jaundice

The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of experimental obstructive jaundice on the healing of intestinal anastomosis, and (2) to investigate the effect of pentoxifylline on the healing of intestinal anastomosis in rats with obstructive jaundice. Obstructive jaundice was induced in rats by the ligation and division of the common bile duct. Four days after this operation, either pentoxifylline or isotonic saline solution was administered intraperitoneally to these jaundiced rats and controls, and then intestinal anastomosis was performed. The concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and serum triglyceride of jaundiced and nonjaundiced rats were measured, and the quality of healing was evaluated by measuring the bursting preasure and hydroxyproline content of the anastomoses on the fifth and tenth days of anastomotic healing. Obstructive jaundice resulted in an impaired wound healing of the intestinal anastomosis in the rats. The administration of pentoxifylline to the jaundiced rats resulted in better anastomotic wound healing. The beneficial effects of pentoxifylline on anastomotic healing in rats with obstructive jaundice was attributed to its inhibitor effect on the endotoxin-induced TNF-α release from macrophages and monocytes, and the stabilizing effect on the neutrophils. Received: March 29, 1999 / Accepted: March 24, 2000     

广泛肝切除联合肝固有动脉切除对正常大鼠及梗阻性黄疸大鼠的影响

目的 探索在正常及高胆红素血症情况下,大鼠70%肝切除联合肝固有动脉切除对肝功能、肝细胞能量代谢以及肝再生和细胞凋亡的影响.方法 雄性成年SD大鼠133只,将其中40只分为2组,每组20只,均行胆总管-十二指肠插管桥接,同时行70%肝切除或70%肝切除联合肝固有动脉切除.另87只行胆总管结扎制备梗阻性黄疸模型.5 d后手术分为70%联合肝切除胆肠再通内引流组,及70%肝切除联合肝固有动脉切除、胆肠再通内引流2组.动态观察术后24 h、72 h、7 d肝功能和肝细胞能量代谢、肝组织HGF和bcl-2 mRNA含量及其蛋白表达、肝细胞增殖指数和凋亡指数的变化,并统计各组死亡率.另取6只作为假手术组,测定术后0 h肝功能和肝细胞能量指标.结果 正常大鼠能够耐受70%肝切除联合肝动脉切除,术后肝细胞能量代谢和肝功能迅速恢复正常,肝再生良好.高胆红素血症时,大鼠术后肝再生受抑制,细胞凋亡增多.较之70%肝切除组,70%肝切除联合肝固有动脉切除组对肝细胞能量代谢的影响更为显著,术后肝功能恶化,肝组织HGF和Bcl-2 mRNA含量显著减少,肝再生明显受抑制,细胞凋亡增多,死亡率显著增高(P<0.05).结论 正常大鼠70%肝切除联合肝动脉切除术后肝再生不受影响,高胆红素血症时,70%肝切除联合肝动脉切除的大鼠死亡率高,因此术前引流减黄应是必要的措施.