彩色多普勒超声对肝硬化患者眼血流动力学研究

目的应用彩色多普勒超声观察肝硬化患者眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉的血流动力学改变。方法检测35例正常对照组3、0例早期肝硬化患者和31例晚期肝硬化患者眼动脉(OA)和视网膜中央动脉(CRA)的收缩期峰值流速(Vs)、舒张末期流速(Vd)和阻力指数(RI)。结果与正常对照组比较,早期肝硬化患者眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉Vs升高(P0.05),RI降低(P0.05);晚期肝硬化患者眼动脉和视网膜中央动脉Vs升高(P0.01),RI升高(P0.05)。结论肝硬化患者眼血管血流动力学改变符合全身高动力循环状态,但随病程进展有不同的表现。     

彩色多普勒超声对高度近视眼血流动力学研究

目的:研究高度近视眼血流动力学及其在近视眼病理改变机制中的作用。方法:应用ATL超9型彩色多普勒诊断仪对26例高度近视眼、17例轻中度近视眼及26例正常对照眼的眼动脉(OA)、视网膜中央动脉(CRA)、睫状后动脉(PCA)进行检测。结果:高度近视组、轻中度近视组与正常对照组血流参数比较:OA血流参数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。CRA、PCA的收缩期(PSV)、舒张期(EDV)、平均血流速度(AV)流速均减低, CRA的阻力指数(RI)升高(P<0.05)。轻中度近视组与对照组比较,无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:高度近视眼患者CRA、PCA血流速度减低,表明视网膜及睫状血管系统血液灌注不足,可能是引起其病理性眼底改变的因素之一。彩色多普勒超声用于研究眼底血管、高度近视眼血流动力学变化具有临床意义。     

彩色多普勒成像技术对近视眼眼部血流动力学研究

目的:观察近视眼的血流动力学改变,及与眼轴、眼压等的关系。方法:应用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对中度近视(26例,52只眼)、高度近视(23例,44只眼)患者和正常人(25例,50只眼)的眼动脉、睫状后短动脉、视网膜中央动脉的收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期最小流速(EDV)和阻力指数(RI)以及眼轴、眼压等进行检测。结果:近视眼患者眼动脉的PSV、EDV及RI与正常人相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);视网膜中央动脉和睫状后短动脉的PSV、EDV比正常人低(P<0.05),RI比正常人高(P<0.05);中度近视眼组与高度近视眼组比较,睫状后短动脉的EDV、视网膜中央动脉的EDV、RI有显著性差异(P<0.05);近视眼眼轴、眼压与正常人相比亦有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论:近视眼眼底血管视网膜中央动脉、睫状后短动脉血流动力学改变是屈光度进一步加深、视功能损害的重要原因之一。     

肝移植术后彩色多普勒血流动力学研究

目的 探讨肝移植术后肝内血流动力学变化.方法 156例肝移植患者,应用灰阶超声观察移植肝形态、实质回声,彩色多普勒超声观察移植肝动静脉及吻合口血流通畅情况,测量血流动力学参数.结果 肝移植患者术后早期肝实质回声增强.肝移植术后门静脉峰值流速术后第1 d最高,以后渐降低;肝动脉峰值流速在随访期无明显变化;肝动脉阻力指数测值术后第1 d最高,以后则下降(P<0.05).结论 彩色多普勒超声可用于评价肝移植后血流动力学变化.     

斜视术后眼血流的彩色多普勒超声研究

目的：探讨斜视手术对眼血流动力学的影响，评价多普勒超声监测眼动脉血供的临床价值。方法：筛选斜视儿童29例29只眼行2条水平直肌后徙－截腱术，术前与术后1周，1个月分别用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪测量眼动脉（OA），视网膜中央动脉（CRA）的收缩期血流速度峰值（Vs)，舒张末期血流速度（Vd)，平均血流速度（Vm)及阻力指数（RI），搏动指数（PI），搏动指数（PI），比较血流改变，并与30例正常儿童对照， 结果：（1）斜视眼术前患眼OA，CRA血流参数与正常组差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05），（2）斜视眼术后1周眼动脉VS明显升高，PI，RI升高（P＜0．05），（3）斜视眼术后1个月OA，CRA各血流参数技术前差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05），结论：手术可以引起短期眼组织缺血，但随着手术激惹的消失及广泛侧支环的建立，2条水平直肌截断手术不会引起眼前节缺血，多普勒超声是评价眼血流动力学变化的敏感方法。     

彩色多普勒血流显像检测吸烟对眼血流动力学影响

目的 探讨吸烟对眼血流动力学的影响。方法 应用彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）对16例健康志愿者于吸烟前后进行眼动脉、视网膜中央动脉、睫状后短动脉血流动力学指标检测。结果 ①吸烟可引起视网膜中央动脉阻力指数（RI值）增高（P＜0.05）;②吸烟主要引起眼内小动脉血流动力学改变,眼内较大动脉（眼动脉,睫状后短动脉）影响较小9P＞0.05）。结论 CDFI是评价眼血流动力学的有效方法。吸烟可能与视网膜疾病有关。     

弱视眼血流的彩色多普勒超声研究

本文应用彩色多普勒超声对33例弱视儿童的眼动脉(Ophthamic artery,OA)、睫状后动脉(Postcil-iary artery,PCA)和视网膜中央动脉(Central retinalartery,CRA)的血流进行了观测,研究了弱视的眼血流动力学变化,目的在于探讨眼血供状况在其发病机制中的作用。 资料与方法 1.资料:①弱视组:以眼部无明显器质性病变,远视力矫正≤0.8者为弱视诊断标准,以散瞳检影验光为诊断依据,筛选弱视儿童33例。年龄2-14岁;②正常组:筛选无屈光不正健康儿童30例,年龄2-14岁。     

彩色多普勒超声对胸降主动脉血流动力学的研究

目的：本研究应用彩色多普勒超声技术检测正常人和高血压患者胸降主动脉血流，探讨胸降主动脉血流动力学在Stanford B型动脉瘤发生机制中的作用。方法：正常组（87例）和高血压组（20例），多点测量主动脉弓降段多普勒血流频谱。结果：两组胸降主动脉段均发现高速血流区域；组间高峰值距离、两组不同部位流速均有显著性差异且从内侧壁到外侧壁速率递减。结论：人体胸降主动脉内存在高速血流区可能与动脉瘤发生机制有关。     

彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病眼部血管血流动力学的研究

目的研究糖尿病患者眼部血管血流动力学变化与糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)发生、发展的关系,探讨糖尿病视网膜病变的早期诊断。方法应用彩色多普勒超声对50例(100只眼)正常人和150例(300只眼)糖尿病患者眼动脉(OA)、视网膜中央动脉(CRA)、睫状后动脉(PCA)的血流参数进行检测。根据眼底病变程度将糖尿病患者分为A组:无糖尿病视网膜病变(NDR)50例、B组:非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)60例、C组:增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)40例,并与正常组50例(D组)进行对照。结果糖尿病组OA、CRA、PCA的收缩期峰值流速(PSV)较对照组降低,舒张末期流速(EDV)较对照组显著降低(P0.05),阻力指数(RI)较对照组显著增高(P0.05)。糖尿病组随眼底病变程度加重血流速度下降、阻力指数增高更显著(P0.01)。结论糖尿病眼部血管血流动力学异常,对糖尿病视网膜病变的早期诊断、防治有重要价值。     

彩色多普勒超声对宫内发育迟缓胎儿动静脉的血流动力学研究

目的应用彩色多普勒超声检测宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)胎儿动静脉的血流动力学参数。方法测量胎儿静脉导管和脐静脉的血流量,计算静脉导管(DV)分流率;测量胎儿脐动脉、大脑中动脉(MCA)、肾动脉的搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)及脐动脉收缩期最大流速与舒张末期流速的比值(S/D),结果进行对比分析。结果与对照组比较,IUGR组胎儿脐动脉的PI、RI、S/D及肾动脉的RI显著增高,MCA的PI、RI及S/D显著减低,DV分流率显著增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声通过综合监测胎儿血流动力学变化,可以全面、客观地评价胎儿的供血情况,预测胎儿宫内缺氧和IUCR情况。     

Factors related to detection of blood flow by color Doppler ultrasonography in intussusception

Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 125 patients with 134 intussusceptions. Color flow was present in 121 cases of intussusception (group A) and was absent in 13 cases (group B). Young age and duration of symptoms greater than 48 hr were significantly related to the nonvisualization of blood flow detected by color Doppler sonography (P < 0.05). The successful rate of air reduction was significantly higher in group A than in group B (109 of 121 versus 4 of 13). Color Doppler ultrasonography is useful to predict the reducibility of an intussuscepted intestine. The nonvisualization of blood flow by this method is not a contraindication for air reduction.     

彩色多普勒超声检测进展期胃癌血流与免疫组化的对比分析

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声检测胃癌血流并探讨胃癌彩色多普勒血管分布指数（CDVI）与微血管密度（MVD）、β-catenin蛋白表达的关系.方法 30例进展期胃癌患者分为转移组和非转移组,采用彩色多普勒超声检测胃癌血流并行CDVI测定,术后对肿瘤组织切片进行免疫组化染色,比较肿瘤组织CDVI与MVD、β-catenin蛋白异常表达的关系.结果 胃癌CDVI与血管浸润相关（P=0.037）,但与肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移均不相关;回归分析显示CDVI与MVD呈线性相关（r=0.553,P=0.002）;但相关分析显示CDVI与β-catenin不相关（P=0.210）.结论 通过彩色多普勒超声检测的胃癌CDVI联合免疫组化指标可以从不同角度反映胃癌的血管生成特征,能够较好地反映肿瘤新生血管生成的情况,有助于评价胃癌血管生成情况.     

彩色多普勒对颈内动脉狭窄患者视网膜中央动脉的血流检测

目的了解不同程度的颈内动脉狭窄患者,其视网膜中央动脉的血流状况,探讨颈内动脉狭窄与视网膜中央动脉血流的病变关系。方法选颈内动脉彩色多普勒超声检查,诊断有明确颈内动脉粥样硬化造成颈内动脉狭窄的患者54例,其中轻度狭窄28例(直径狭窄率<50%),中度及中度以上狭窄26例(直径狭窄率≥50%)。对照组40例,为彩色多普勒证实无颈内动脉粥样硬化患者。测量入组患者视网膜中央动脉及眼动脉的各项血流参数,包括收缩期峰值流速(Vs)、舒张末期流速(Vd)以及血管阻力指数(RI)。结果随着颈内动脉狭窄程度的加重,视网膜中央动脉的血流动力学参数会发生相应变化,其中颈内动脉中重度狭窄组的视网膜中央动脉参数改变最明显。而眼动脉各参数与对照组相比无显著统计学差异。结论颈内动脉狭窄可影响视网膜中央动脉供血,彩色多普勒超声检查可明确颈内动脉及眼部供血情况。     

多普勒对脊柱关节病患者肌腱韧带附着点血流的分析

背景脊柱关节病(spondyloarthropathies,SpA)是一组累及脊柱、外周关节、关节周围结构及关节外组织的疾病,多侵犯青壮年男性,发病率及致残率均较高.目前多数人认为肌腱韧带附着点是SpA病变的首发部位,因而附着点炎是SpA最重要的病理基础和特征性的临床表现,但其临床表现缺乏特异性.目的对比健康志愿者和SpA患者肌腱韧带附着点血流的差异,探讨彩色多普勒(Color Doppler,CD)在协助评估附着点病变中的价值.设计以患者为研究对象的非随机正常对照的基础研究.单位一所大学医院的风湿科、超声科及解放军总医院风湿科.对象病例组纳入2001-08/2002-04在中山大学附属第三医院就诊并愿意接受CD检查的30例SpA患者,所有入选患者均符合1991年欧洲SpA研究组关于SpA的分类标准,其中男24例,女6例;对照组纳入30例在中山大学附属第三医院工作或学习的年轻健康工人和医学生,所有对照者均无关节病和慢性腰背痛病史,自愿参加,其中男22例,女8例.干预以CD测定每例人选的健康志愿者和SpA患者下肢18个附着点的血流,并以半定量法进行分级.主要观察指标附着点血流情况.结果30例健康志愿者,有5例(占16.7%)至少在1个附着点检测到血流,全部540个被检附着点中,共有9个检测到血流信号,均为1级血流,附着点血流阳性率为1.7%;而30例SpA患者中有24例(占80.0%)至少有1个附着点检测到血流,全部540个被检附着点中,共有84个检测到血流信号,其中检测到1、2、3级血流的附着点数分别为19,33和32个,附着点血流总体阳性率为15.6%,经x2检验,SpA患者组和健康志愿者组间附着点血流阳性率及其血流级别构成比差异均有显著性意义(P＜0 05).结论CD是检测附着点血流的一种有效手段,SpA患者下肢附着点存在明显的血流异常.     

经阴道彩色多普勒超声对绝经后期子宫血流动力学的研究

目的 建立绝经后期子宫各段动脉血流参数的正常参考值范围,方法 应用经阴道彩色多勒对46例正常绝经后妇女的子宫动脉（UTA）,弓状动脉（AA）,放射动脉（RA）以及螺旋动脉（SA）的血流分别进行检测,66例正常生育期子宫和5例子宫内膜癌分别作为对照,结果 绝经后期正常子宫内膜面不见血流信号;UTA和RA的阻力指数（RI）随绝经时间的延长而增加。结论 绝经后期的子宫血流灌注减少,且随绝经后时间的延长而更为明显。     

Evaluation of ocular arterial changes in glaucoma with color Doppler ultrasonography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate hemodynamic changes of the retrobulbar vasculature caused by different intraocular pressures with color Doppler ultrasonography. Fifty normal eyes in 25 patients, 13 patients with normal tension glaucoma, and 19 patients with acute glaucoma and increased intraocular pressure (greater than 30 mm Hg) were enrolled in this study. In 15 of 19 patients with acute glaucoma patients, follow-up color Doppler ultrasonography was also undertaken after laser peripheral iridectomy when the intraocular pressure had returned to normal. The peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, resistive index, time average maximum velocity, and pulsatility index were compared in different vessels, including the central retinal artery, lateral posterior ciliary artery, medial posterior ciliary artery, and ophthalmic artery in each orbit. The peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and time average maximum velocity of the central retinal artery were significantly lower (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients than in the control group. The resistive index and pulsatility index of the central retinal artery were significantly higher (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients than in the control group. The end diastolic velocity of the lateral and medial posterior ciliary arteries was significantly lower in patients with acute glaucoma than in the control group, and the resistive index and pulsatility index of both of these arteries were significantly higher (P<0.001) in patients with acute glaucoma than in the control group. However, no statistical significantly differences were found in the peak systolic velocity or time average maximum velocity in either of the posterior ciliary arteries; similarly, no statistically significant differences were noted in any of the parameters in the ophthalmic artery between the control group and the group with acute glaucoma. The pulsatility index of the central retinal artery and of the lateral and medial posterior ciliary arteries was significantly lower (P<0.01) in acute glaucoma patients after laser therapy than in acute glaucoma patients before laser therapy. The resistive index of both posterior ciliary arteries was also significantly lower (P<0.004) in acute glaucoma patients after laser therapy than before laser therapy. All parameters for all vessels examined among the normal subjects, the patients with normal tension glaucoma, and the patients with acute glaucoma after laser therapy when the intraocular pressure had returned to normal showed no statistically significant differences. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a good modality for both imaging and studying the hemodynamics of the perioptic nerve vessels.     

Volumetric blood flow measurement with color Doppler ultrasonography: the importance of visual clues

Volumetric flow rates were obtained in an in vivo canine pulsatile flow model using color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and timed collection (TC) over a range which included laminar and turbulent flow. CDUS demonstrated increasing flow disturbance as flow rates increased, with effects on velocity profile, diameter measurements, and flow symmetry. Data comparing CDUS and TC showed marked differences in laminar flow (regression: slope = 1.02; r2 = 0.93; mean error, 11%) and nonlaminar flow (slope = 0.53; r2 = 0.78; mean error, 26%). Assigning the angle of insonation precisely was crucial to measurement accuracy. CDUS quantitates volumetric blood flow with a reasonable degree of accuracy under laminar flow conditions. Visual clues provided by CDUS can help avoid errors associated with deviations from laminar flow.     

Normal uterine arterial blood flow in postmenopausal women assessed by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography.

We used transvaginal color Doppler sonography to study uterine artery blood flow velocity waveforms in 345 normal postmenopausal women who had never been on hormone replacement therapy. Our objective was to establish the standard baseline flow values for normal postmenopausal women. The mean pulsatility index was 3.38 +/- 1.04 and the mean resistive index was 0.93 +/- 0.09. There was a positive correlation between arterial blood flow impedance and number of years since menopause. We believe that these levels may become important screening parameters for the detection of endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women.