QT离散度与急性心肌梗塞患者室性心律失常关系

对４４例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者入院后２４小时之内的常规１２导联心电图进行分析，以探讨ＱＴｄ或ＱＴｃｄ与ＡＭＩ早期室性心律失常的关系。结果显示，室性心律失常组ＱＴｄ值（８０．１９±１３．８３ｍｓ）、ＱＴｃｄ值（８８．５９±１３．５１ｍｓ）显著高于对照组（分别为４７．６５±６．８７ｍｓ、５２．２９±８．８９ｍｓ）；大面积梗塞组的ＱＴｄ值及室性心律失常发生率均大于小面积梗塞组。提示：ＡＭＩ患者室性心律失常的发生与ＱＴｄ、梗塞范围有密切关系。ＱＴｄ或ＱＴｃｄ可作为判断ＡＭＩ患者发生严重室性心律失常的一项预测指标。     

器质性心脏病患者室速室颤与QT离散度关系探讨

３４例器质性心脏病患者ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）、ＱＴｃ离散度（ＱＴｃｄ）测定结果说明，室速室颤组与非室速室颤组ＱＴｄ分别为７０±１４．１４ｍｓ与４５０±９．７８ｍｓ，ＱＴｃｄ分别为９１±３１．０７ｍｓ与４９．１７±１７．６７ｍｓ，两组差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．００１）．ＱＴｄ、ＱＴｏｄ＜６０ｍｓ者１８例均无室速室颤发生，６０～１００ｍｓ者１３例中７例发生了室速室颤，＞１００ｍｓ者３例均发生室速室颤，结果提示，器质性心脏病患者室速室回的发生与ＱＴｄ、ＱＴｃｄ明显增加有关。     

急性心肌梗塞心电图QT离散度的分析

对１００例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）急性期心电图及其中６０例的恢复期心电图ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）进行测定,结果分别为ＱＴｄ：５０４０±２０２５ｍｓ和２４８３±１２６９ｍｓ,ＱＴｃｄ：５７．４８±２５１４ｍｓ和２７３１±１３８４ｍｓ,ＡＭＩ急性期的心电图ＱＴｄ和ＱＴｃｄ均值均显著高于恢复期;按心电图心梗导联数目多少把１００例ＡＭＩ分为：１～,４～,８～等三组,其早期心电图ＱＴｄ值分别为：４４７４±１７０４ｍｓ、５３０８±２１３８ｍｓ、５８００±２１０１ｍｓ,三组间无显著差别（Ｆ＝２７３８３,Ｐ＞００５）;根据心电图心梗定位把１００例ＡＭＩ分为：前壁梗塞、后壁梗塞、复合壁梗塞等三组,其早期心电图ＱＴｄ值分别为：５２５０±２２３４ｍｓ、４５３１±１６６５ｍｓ５４１７±１７３０ｍｓ,三组间无显著差别（Ｆ＝１５３５５,Ｐ＞００５）。结果提示：心电图ＱＴ离散度在急性心肌梗塞早期显著增大,心肌梗塞部位和范围不是ＡＭＩ早期心电图ＱＴ离散度改变的主要影响因素,ＡＭＩ早期心电图ＱＴ离散度增大反映了心室肌复极不均匀,在ＡＭＩ急性期监测ＱＴ离散度的动态变化有重要临床意义。     

直接经皮冠脉腔内成形术对急性心肌梗死早期QT离散度的影响

目的观察急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ）直接经皮冠脉腔内成形术（ＰＰＴＣＡ）后ＱＴ离散度早期变化。方法对起病６ｈ以内的２４例ＡＭＩ患者施行ＰＰＴＣＡ，分析术前０．５ｈ和术后２ｈＱＴ离散度——未校正ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）、心率校正ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｃｄ）和ＱＴ离散度比率（ＱＴｄＲ）。结果术前与术后ＱＴ离散度相比无显著性差异ＱＴｄ（７０±２７）ｍｓ对（６７±２４）ｍｓ，Ｐ＝０．６１３６；ＱＴｃｄ（８２±３４）ｍｓ对（７７±２７）ｍｓ，Ｐ＝０．５７８５；ＱＴｄＲ（１０±４．８）％对（９．２±３．８）％，Ｐ＝０．５０６０。结论ＰＰＴＣＡ不影响ＡＭＩ早期ＱＴ离散度。     

急性心肌梗塞早期再灌注对QTc离散度的影响

目的　观察４７ 例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ） 患者,早期再灌注对ＱＴｃ 离散度的影响。方法　对４７ 例ＡＭＩ予以静脉溶栓,并于溶栓后第２４ 小时,判定是否再通。在溶栓前及溶栓后作同步记录１２ 导联心电图测量ＱＴｃｄ 与５０ 例健康者进行对照。结果　ＡＭＩ组溶栓前与对照组间ＱＴｃｄ 差异有极显著性（８２１ ±１１５ｍｓ ＶＳ　３７８ ±１６７ｍｓ Ｐ＜ ０００１） ,前壁与下壁梗塞之间ＱＴｃ 离散度差异无显著性。静脉溶栓后２４ 小时ＱＴｃｄ 显著降低（８３１ ±１１２ｍｓ ＶＳ　５６２ ±１４８ｍｓ Ｐ＜ ０００１） ,而未再开通组ＱＴｃ 在溶栓前后始终保持着较高水平,恢复速度显著慢于开通组。１１ 例溶栓前有恶性心律失常者其ＱＴｃｄ 明显长于无心律失常者（９３１ ±８２ｍｓ ＶＳ８１２ ±１１０ｍｓ, Ｐ＜ ００５） ,溶栓后再通ＱＴｃｄ 降至６２３ ±８４ｍｓ,室性心律失常消失。结论　成功地溶栓再灌注可使ＱＴｃｄ 显著降低,改变其自然演变过程     

急性心肌梗塞急性期与恢复期QT离散度的对比分析

目的分析急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）急性期和恢复期的心电图 ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）改变。方法对 １００例ＡＭＩ急性期及其中６０例的恢复期心电图 ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）进行测定。结果 ＡＭＩ急性期的心电图 ＱＴｄ和 ＱＴｃｄ均值均显著高于恢复期,分别为ＱＴｄ５０．４０±２０．２５ｍｓ和２４．８３±１２．６９ｍｓ,ＱＴｃｄ５７．４８±２５．１４ｍｓ和２７．３１±１３．８４ｍｓ。结论ＱＴ离散度在ＡＭＩ早期显著增大,在ＡＭＩ急性期监测ＱＴ离散度的动态变化有一定临床意义。     

QT离散度对酷似心肌梗塞的重症病毒性心肌炎的早期诊断价值

探讨ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）对急性期心电图酷似心肌梗塞的重症病毒性心肌炎的早期诊断价值。方法：测量７例急性期心电图酷似心肌梗塞的重症病毒性心肌炎患者及３０例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）患者,正常对照组的ＱＴ间期,计算其ＱＴｄ及校正后的ＱＴｄ（ＱＴｃｄ）。结果：ＡＭＩ组的ＱＴｄ及ＱＴｃｄ分别为７３．５±１７．７及８５．８±１９．８ｍｓ,急性期心电图酷似心肌梗塞的重症病毒性心肌炎组的ＱＴｄ及ＱＴｃｄ分别为４２．５±１２．４及５４．３±１４．２ｍｓ,两组有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：ＱＴｄ对急性期心电图酷似心肌梗塞的重症病毒性心肌炎有早期诊断价值。     

急性心肌梗塞QT离散度增加与室颤关系的研究

测定３５例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）病人发病４８ｈ内首次心电图的ＱＴ间期离散度（ＱＴｄ）和ＪＴ间期离散度（ＪＴｄ）。结果表明，ＡＭＩ早期原发性室颤病人的ＱＴｄ为１００．１０±１８．９９ｍｓ；ＪＴｄ为８８．８９±１９．７５ｍｓ，显著高于非室颤组的４６．０４±１４．１３ｍｓ，４５．１９±１１．５２ｍｓ，差异有极显著性（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。提示ＡＭＩ早期ＱＴｄ或ＪＴｄ明显增大者，发生心室纤颤的可能性增大。测定ＱＴｄ和ＪＴｄ，对评估ＡＭＩ近期预后具有临床实际意义。     

急诊环境下急性心肌梗塞的QT间期离散度测定

ＱＴ间期离散度（ＱＴｄ）可用于预测急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）病人近期预后和室颤的发生。本文对４１例急诊环境下发病２４小时内的ＡＭＩ病人测定了ＱＴｄ和ＱＴｃｄ（校正ＱＴｄ），探讨其临床意义。１资料与方法１．１对象选择急诊确诊为ＡＭＩ并于发病２４小时内入院的...     

静脉溶栓对急性心肌梗塞QT离散度的影响及其临床意义

本文对１０６例急性心肌梗塞（ＡＭＩ）经静脉尿激酶溶栓患者的ＱＴ离散度（ＱＴｄ）进行了动态对比分析，结果显示：①ＡＭＩ后ＱＤｄ呈动态演变。再通组（ｎ＝７４）与未通组（ｎ＝３２）在溶栓前及ＡＭＩ后１２ｈＱＴｄ无差别。成功的溶栓治疗促进ＱＴｄ的恢复，ＡＭＩ后２４ｈ时再通组的ＱＴｄ明显短于未通组（５４±２２ｍｓ时６８±２５ｍｓ，Ｐ＜０．０５），该差别在观察期间持续存在；②未通组恶性心律失常（室速及室颤）的发生率高于再通组（４０．６％对１８．９％Ｐ＜０．０５），且分布的时间长；③ＡＭＩ后不同时间恶性心律失常的发生率与ＱＴｄ呈明显正相关（ｒ＝０．９２，Ｐ＜０．０１）。上述结果提示，在ＡＭＩ溶栓失败的病例，应根据ＱＴｄ的演变，适当延长心电监护时间，使患者安全渡过相对较长的心电不稳定期     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.