膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI影像分析

目的:分析膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)的MRI影像表现,提高对本病的认识。方法:回顾性分析13例经病理证实的膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节滑膜炎,总结其MRI表现特点。结果:13例患者中弥漫型9例,局限型4例。PVNS主要表现为滑膜不规则结节状增生或弥漫性增生,增生的滑膜和结节内沉着含铁血黄素(T1WI、T2WI双低信号)。关节内外结构可受侵。结论:PVNS所致的滑膜增生和含铁血黄素沉着在MRI上具有特征性的表现和信号,对诊断本病具有重要意义。     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎MRI分析

目的:分析膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)的MRI表现与诊断价值。材料和方法:回顾性分析9例经病理证实的色素沉着绒毛结节滑膜炎,总结其MRI表现特点。结果:局限型3例,弥漫型6例。PVNS主要表现为滑膜不规则结节状增生或弥漫性增生,增生的滑膜内含铁血黄素沉着(T2WI低信号)、邻近半月板和(或)骨侵蚀、关节腔积液等。结论:MRI能为早期诊断膝关节PVNS提供依据,并积极指导手术。     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI表现

目的：探讨膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI表现。方法：回顾性分析8例经手术及病理证实的膝关节PVNS的MRI影像资料。结果：MRI表现中弥漫型6例,局灶型2例。PVNS主要表现为滑膜不规则结节状增生或弥漫性增生,增生的滑膜内含铁血黄素沉着（T2WI低信号）、邻近半月板和（或）骨侵蚀、关节腔积液等。结论：MRI是本病理想的检查方法。     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎X线与MR诊断

目的 分析膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的X线及MRI影像学表现,提高对本病的诊断正确率.方法 回顾性分析33例经病理证实的膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎,总结其临床表现及影像学特点.结果 33例中弥漫型22例,局限型11例,以青、中年女性多见,多有外伤史,病程长,症状进行性加重,主要表现为滑膜不规则结节状增生或弥漫性增生.增生的滑膜和结节内含铁血黄素沉着呈双低信号(T1WI及T2WI均为低信号),关节内外骨质可受侵.结论 膝关节PVNS的MRI表现具有一定特征性,对PVNS有定性诊断价值;而X线平片对本病的诊断有提示作用,但在准确诊断上有一定限度.     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI表现与病理对照研究

目的：探讨膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎（PVNS）的MRI特征与病理变化的关系。方法通过对11例膝关节PVNS的MRI表现与病理结果进行对照分析,评价膝关节PVNS的MRI影像特点。结果11例中,弥漫型10例,局限型1例;不同程度关节腔积液及关节内脂肪垫受侵7例,半月板及交叉韧带受累4例,软骨或骨受累8例。11例MRI影像均有关节滑膜增厚、滑膜内软组织结节表现,结节于T1WI呈等或低信号,于T2WI呈低信号,1例见滑膜结节内出血,表现为T1WI及T2WI高信号。病理均可见数量不等的增生滑膜绒毛结节,有丰富血管和含铁血黄素沉着。结论PVNS绒毛结节内T1WI呈等或低信号、T2WI呈低信号为其特征性表现,与术中及病理相符,MRI对PVNS的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要的临床价值。     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎MRI表现与病理对照分析

目的：探讨膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎（PVNS）的MRI表现与病理变化的关系。方法：对20例膝关节PVNS的MRI影像进行回顾性分析,并与手术病理结果对照。结果：20例膝关节PVNS均为弥漫型,病理特征为滑膜增厚呈结节状或绒毛状,有丰富的血管和大量含铁血黄素沉着。MRI表现均有滑膜增厚、关节内软组织结节,T1WI呈等或低信号,T2WI呈低信号;均有不同程度关节积液;关节内脂肪垫受侵15例;半月板及交叉韧带受累10例;软骨或骨受侵16例。结论：MRI对膝关节PVNS有特征性表现,并敏感显示关节内外组织结构的侵犯程度及范围,MRI是诊断PVNS的理想检查方法。     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的影像学表现

目的 探讨膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(PVNS)的影像学表现特征.方法 结合文献复习回顾性分析5例经手术(或关节镜)及病理证实的膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的X线平片、CT及MRI等影像学表现.结果 X线平片仅能显示关节囊的肿胀,关节面下的骨侵蚀或骨缺损及其周围硬化;CT可以显示关节囊突向关节腔的软组织结节.MRI对显示关节滑膜增厚和关节积液尤其敏感,滑膜增厚及软组织结节在T1W1呈等低信号,T2W1等信号1例,低信号或稍高信号4例,4例在增厚的滑膜内见多发散在含铁血黄素沉着的长T1、短T2低信号影,增强后结节明显强化.结论 MRI明显优于X线平片及CT,有助于本病的诊断和鉴别诊断.     

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎MRI分析

目的：分析色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI表现。资料与方法：回顾7例经病理证实的色素沉着绒毛结节滑膜炎，总结其MRI表现。结果：色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎主要表现为滑膜不规则结节状增生、增生的滑膜和结节内沉着含铁血黄素、关节积液、邻近骨侵蚀。结论：滑膜不规则结节状增生和含铁血黄素沉着为色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎MRI诊断的主要依据，快速小角度激发扫描优于自旋回波和快速自旋回波扫描。     

色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的MRI与病理对照分析

目的　研究色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎 (PVNS)MRI表现的病理基础及其在扩散加权像 (DWI)上异常信号改变的机制。方法　分析 7例PVNS的MRI表现 ,计算DWI上异常信号灶的表观扩散系数 (ADC) ,并与手术病理结果进行对照分析。结果　 7例PVNS中弥漫型 5例 (膝关节4例 ,肩关节 1例 )。MRI主要表现为关节滑膜广泛增生 ,呈长T1 、长T2 信号 ,其内见含铁血黄素沉着 ,呈长T1 、短T2 信号 ;4例见膝关节腔积液 ,呈长T1 、长T2 信号 ;半月板破坏 3例 ,前、后交叉韧带破坏 2例 ,呈结节状长T1 、长T2 信号 ;4例见关节内软骨和邻近骨质明显破坏 (膝关节 3例 ,肩关节 1例 ) ,1例股骨骨质呈小囊状破坏。局限型 2例 (膝关节、髋关节各 1例 ) ,主要表现为滑膜结节状增生 ,其内亦可见含铁血黄素沉着 ,呈长T1 、短T2 信号。 1例见关节腔内少许积液 ,邻近股骨骨质小囊状破坏。DWI上关节积液、滑膜增生及邻近骨质破坏表现为异常高信号 ,其平均ADC值分别为 2 .750× 1 0 - 3mm2 /s,0 .52 2× 1 0 - 3mm2 /s,0 .559× 1 0 - 3mm2 /s。结论　滑膜绒毛结节状增生及其内点状或结节状含铁血黄素沉着是PVNS的典型表现 ,在MRI上具有一定的特征性 ;DWI有助于区分PVNS病变的不同组织成分 ;病变组织的ADC值下降 ,其对鉴别诊断的意义有待进一     

膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎的病理及MRI表现

目的:探讨膝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎(pigmented villonodular synovitis,PVNS)的病理与MRI表现,提高对该病的认识。方法:回顾性分析9例经手术病理证实的膝关节PVNS患者的临床及影像资料,总结其MRI及病理表现。结果:病理表现:关节滑膜弥漫或结节状增生,均可见结节内含铁血黄素沉着。MRI表现:均可见不同程度关节内积液,8例弥漫型,滑膜呈弥漫结节样增厚,T1WI呈低信号,T2WI呈稍高信号,增生结节内可见点状或小结节状T1WI呈等低信号,T2WI呈低信号;7例可见髌下脂肪垫受侵,表现为髌下脂肪垫形态不规则;1例增生滑膜明显强化,结节内可见点片状无强化区;5例可见关节面软骨破坏。1例局限型,团块状软组织信号与滑膜及腱鞘关系密切,信号类似肌肉组织,其内可见点片状T1WI、T2WI低信号影。结论:PVNS的MRI表现具有特征性,反映了其病理基础,MRI多序列检查有助于该病的诊断和鉴别诊断。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.