An aneurysm of right-sided aortic arch with mirror-image brachiocephalic branching

The patient is a 63-year-old man whose right retroesophageal aortic arch with mirror-image braciocephalic branching was discovered incidentally on computer tomography (CT), performed after a minor motor vehicle accident 12 years ago. The size of the aortic arch was normal at that time. The patient had no other congenital cardiac anomalies. He has received another CT as a part of the staging evaluation for renal cell carcinoma. This showed asymmetric aneurysm of the aortic arch measuring 4.9 cm in the widest diameter. The patient is asymptomatic and being followed closely with CT scans every 6 months. This represents an extremely rare case of an aneurysm of right-sided aortic arch with mirror-image brachiocephalic branching. We report the case and provide a short review of the relevant literature.     

Dissecting aneurysm of a right-sided descending aorta with a left-sided aortic arch

A 66-year-old man presented with myocardial infarction. Chest X-ray showed a large mediastinal mass. Aortic dissection was suggested by a past history of chest trauma, but the mass was in a very atypical site. Dissection of an abnormally placed right-sided descending aorta was confirmed by computed tomography. The aortic arch lay on the left side. This rare combination of congenital and acquired heart disease led to diagnostic difficulty.     

A dissecting aneurysm involving a right-sided arch, right descending aorta and mitral regurgitation

A dissecting aortic aneurysm involving a right-sided aortic arch is quite rare. This report describes this unusual entity and emphasizes the requirement for precise anatomical definition by aortography to permit appropriate successful surgical therapy. Bilateral thoracotomy is essential for the surgical approach.     

A dissecting aortic aneurysm involving a right-sided aortic arch

A 51-year-old woman suddenly developed severe pain in the chest and back, also dyspnea. On admission, she was in a state of preshock. Plain X-ray indicated the lack of the left aortic arch and poor pneumatization in the whole right lung. The thoracic fluid was transparent with yellowish tinge and was contaminated with neither any bacterium nor tubercle bacillus. The response to the Rivalta's reaction was negative. The possibility of pleurisy was, therefore, denied. The ECG and blood biochemical data on the second day suggested the possibility of myocardial ischemia. Plain chest X-ray on the fourth day revealed an increased right pulmonary pneumatization and an enlarged mediastinal shadow toward the aortic arch. Upper pulmonary CT showed a mass on the right side. Enhanced CT disclosed a dissepiment in the center, which was high medially and somewhat low laterally. It was diagnosed as a false lumen due to the lateral displacement of the right aortic arch. Hepatic CT disclosed the tapering of the abdominal aorta from right to left in the prevertebral region. These findings indicated that the aorta descended from the right aortic arch along the right side of the spine and crossed the spine dextrosinistrally at the hepatic level. In addition, dissociant aneurysm was observed in the right aortic arch. Echocardiography showed no evidence of dissociant aneurysm at the aortic base. Chest X-ray, CT and echocardiography showed the dissociation of the aorta from the aortic arch to the abdominal aorta. Thus the diagnosis of De Bakey type III was established. Clinically, DIC and multiorgan disorders were manifested but after medical treatments, the clinical course was uneventful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Stent-graft treatment of type B aortic dissection involving the right aortic arch: case report

A 56-year-old man suffered from type B aortic dissection associated with the right aortic arch and right descending aorta. The patient was successfully treated by implantation of 2 stent-grafts (a 40-mm Z-stent covered with a 37.5-mm woven Dacron graft) and ligation of the dissected left subclavian artery. A postoperative computed tomographic scan revealed thrombosis of the false lumen and a reduction in the descending aortic diameter.     

Left-sided aortic arch, right-sided descending aorta, and right-sided arterial duct associated with interruption of the aortic arch and presence of Abbott's artery

We describe a male infant, seen at the age of 10 days, with a very rare form of vascular ring. The aortic arch was left-sided, but the aorta descended on the right, with a right-sided persistently patent arterial duct associated with interruption of the aortic arch and presence of Abbott's artery. We performed end-to-side anastomosis of the descending aorta to the ascending aorta, divided the Abbott's artery and the right-sided arterial duct, and banded the pulmonary trunk. Despite our best efforts, the patient died on the eighth day after the surgical intervention.     

主动脉右弓右降合并Stanford B型主动脉夹层的外科治疗

目的:总结主动脉右弓右降合并Stanford B型主动脉夹层的外科治疗经验。方法:3例右位主动脉弓、右位降主动脉、迷走左锁骨下动脉(迷走左锁骨下动脉型)合并Stanford B型主动脉夹层的患者经胸部右后外切口行胸降主动脉置换术、迷走左锁骨下动脉缝扎术。结果:3例患者均痊愈出院,住院天数7～10 d,无左上肢缺血症状及神经系统并发症。结论:主动脉右弓右降合并Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者行胸降主动脉置换术方法可行,临床疗效满意,术中判断后行迷走左锁骨下动脉缝扎术,可简化手术方式,但应避免术后左上肢缺血坏死。     

Dissecting aortic aneurysm involving a right-sided aortic arch.

In this case, the first reported instance of aortic dissection involving a right-sided arch, an anomalous fourth arch vessel, the left subclavian artery, arose from a congenital aortic diverticulum. This report emphasizes the need for precise anatomic definition with aortography to permit appropriate therapy when congenital anomalies of the aortic arch are complicated by dissecting hematoma.     

The combination of a left aortic arch, a right-sided descending thoracic aorta with a left-sided arterial duct

A nine-year-old male child presented with a history of recurrent chest infections and breathlessness. On investigation, he was found to have a left aortic arch with a right-sided descending thoracic aorta along with a left-sided arterial duct. He also had mild aortic stenosis with regurgitation. The duct was successfully ligated under controlled hypotensive anesthesia through a left posterolateral thoracotomy.     

Aortic dissection type B with aortic arch involvement surgically treated--a case report

A case of a 56-year-old male with acute aortic dissection type B is presented. The patient underwent successful surgery which was very difficult due to the extent of aortic dissection.     

Surgical therapy of a dissecting aortic aneurysm involving a right-sided aortic arch

Dissecting aortic aneurysm involving a right-sided aortic arch is apparently quite rare. A patient with this unusual entity is described. By performing an extraanatomic bypass, the aneurysm was excluded between stainless steel staples. The patient was discharged from the hospital 21 days postoperatively. Although the reasons for the extreme rarity of this entity are not clear, precise anatomic definition is required for successful surgical therapy.     

急性期Standford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术后早、中期随访结果

目的 评价急性期StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层(TAD)腔内修复术后早、中期手术效果.方法 2009年11月至2012年6月完成80例急性期Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层腔内修复术,手术在发病72 h内完成.手术前行胸腹主动脉夹层强化CT检查,在DSA手术室全麻下切开股动脉进行支架置入术,出院前进行CTA检查,手术后半年至一年内复查CTA.结果 14例患者手术后失去随访.5例术后造影提示有Ⅰ型内漏,4例1年内复查消失或造影剂溢出量明显减少,1例手术后仍有明显Ⅰ型内漏,1年后接受再次支架手术成功.其余支架安装后造影显示破口封闭,无内漏.住院期间死亡2例,1例为高龄患者降主动脉破裂,1例为夹层逆行撕裂至升主动脉后破裂.住院期间发生严重低氧血症8例,急性肾功能不全6例,均经治疗后恢复.结论 急性期Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层进行腔内修复术,术后早期并发症发生率高,中期效果理想.     

Different clinical features of aortic intramural hematoma versus dissection involving the descending thoracic aorta

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to test the hypothesis that the absence of flow communication in aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) involving the descending aorta may have a different clinical course compared with aortic dissection (AD). METHODS: We prospectively evaluated clinical and echocardiographic data in AD (76 patients) and IMH (27 patients) of the descending thoracic aorta. RESULTS: Patients did not differ with regard to age, gender, or clinical presentation. IMH and AD had the same predictors of complications at follow-up: aortic diameter (>5 cm) at diagnosis and persistent back pain. Surgical treatment was more frequently selected in AD (39% vs. 22%, P < 0.01) and AD patients who underwent surgical treatment had higher mortality than those with IMH (36% vs. 17%, P < 0.01). There was no difference in mortality with medical treatment (14% in AD vs. 19% in IMH, P = 0.7). During follow-up, of 23 patients with IMH, 11 (47%) showed complete resolution or regression, 6 (26%) increased the diameter of the descending aorta, and typical AD developed in 3 patients (13%). No changes occurred in 14% of the group. Three-year survival rate did not show significant differences between both groups (82 +/- 6% in IMH vs. 75 +/- 7% in AD, P = 0.37). CONCLUSION: IMH of the descending thoracic aorta has a relatively frequent rate of complications at follow-up, including dissection and aneurysm formation. Medical treatment with very frequent imaging and timed elective surgery in cases with complications allows a better patient management.     

Prenatal diagnosis of left-sided aortic arch,right descending aorta and right-sided ductus arteriosus associated with anomalous origin of left pulmonary artery from ascending aorta

Left-sided aortic arch (LAA), right descending aorta (rDAo), and right-sided ductus arteriosus (RDA) constitute a rare aortic arch anomaly. Moreover, anomalous origin of the pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta, especially that of the left pulmonary artery, is also a rare anomaly of the pulmonary artery branches. Because of the presence of the ductus arteriosus, prenatal ultrasound is an optimal diagnostic tool for the LAA with rDAo. Four-dimensional color Doppler can clearly demonstrate the spatial relationship between the LAA, rDAo, and RDA and the anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery from the ascending aorta.     

肥厚型梗阻性心肌病并Ⅱ型右弓右降伴Kommerell憩室壁内血肿一例

右位主动脉弓、右位降主动脉、迷走左锁骨下动脉伴Kommerell憩窜/动脉瘤较为少见,动脉瘤容易发生夹层、破裂而死亡.肥厚型心肌病(HCM)是以心肌肥厚、心肌纤维排列紊乱为特征的一组临床表现,猝死发生率较高.我院高血压诊治中心于2007年10月收治一例同时患有肥厚型梗阻性心肌病、右位主动脉弓、右位降主动脉、迷走左锁骨下动脉伴Kommerell憩室合并壁内血肿患者,目前国内外文献均未见报道.     

累及弓部分支血管的A型主动脉夹层全弓置换手术

目的 观察累及弓部分支血管的A型主动脉夹层（AAD）全弓置换手术效果。方法 将2010年1月~2015年12月于我中心治疗的68例夹层累及弓部血管的AAD患者设为弓部组,并抽取同期弓部血管正常的60例AAD患者作为对照组。弓部组中33例患者术前伴脑部症状,包括昏迷2例,一过性意识丧失6例,嗜睡、语言和感觉障碍等25例（症状组）;35例患者未见明显脑部症状（无症状组）。两组患者均行AAD全弓置换手术治疗。观察以下术中和术后指标,包括:症状组和无症状组选择性顺行脑灌注(ACP)时间,弓部破口、永久性神经功能缺损（PND）和一过性神经功能缺损(TND)和院内死亡例数以及出院前NIHSS评分;弓部组和对照组手术中情况:包括手术时间、体外循环时间、ACP时间、心脏停搏时间,以及双侧选择性顺行脑灌注（BACP）和单侧选择性顺行脑灌注（UACP）例数,主动脉病变情况包括中度以上主动脉瓣返流（AR）、弓部破口例数;弓部组和对照组手术后恢复情况,包括ICU时间,再次开胸止血、长期机械通气、血滤治疗、气管切开、肺部感染、PND、TND和院内死亡例数。结果 全部AAD患者均完成手术操作,症状组和无症状组患者ACP时间无显著差异;与无症状组比较,症状组患者术中探查破口位于主动脉弓部、PND和TND例数以及院内死亡发生例数较多,患者出院前NIHSS评分较高（P<0.05）。弓部组和对照组患者在术中BACP和UACP方式选择、术中探查中度以上AR例数上无显著差异。与对照组比较,弓部组手术和体外循环时间、ACP和心脏停搏时间较长,术中探查破口位于主动脉弓部例数较多（P< 0.05,P<0.01）。两组患者再次开胸止血、气管切开、肾功能不全血滤治疗及院内死亡例数无显著差异。与对照组比较,弓部组患者ICU滞留时间较短,长期机械通气、肺部感染、PND和TND例数较多（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 累及弓部分支血管的AAD患者手术操作复杂,全弓置换术后脑部并发症发生率较高,其中术前存在脑部症状者手术风险更大。