3.0T MRI和多层螺旋CT在直肠癌术前TN分期中的临床应用对比

目的探讨3.0T磁共振成像(MRI)和多层螺旋CT在直肠癌术前TN分期中的应用价值。方法选取40例经术后病理确诊为直肠癌的患者为研究对象,所有患者均于术前接受3.0T MRI和多层螺旋CT影像检查,均行平扫及增强扫描,将MRI和螺旋CT的检查的TN分期结果与术后病理结果进行对比分析。结果术后病理证实在40例直肠癌患者中,T1~2期为8例,T3期为17例,T4期为15例,而淋巴结阳性22例,淋巴结阴性18例;与术后病理结果对照,术前MRI检查的T分期准确率为72.50%,术前螺旋CT检查的T分期准确率为65.00%,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而与术后病理结果对照,术前MRI检查的N分期准确率为77.50%,术前螺旋CT检查的N分期准确率为72.50%,两者比较无明显差异(P>0.05);MRI和螺旋CT检查的术前T分期与术后病理T分期的一致性一般,其一致性检验Kappa值分别为0.613和0.207,且MRI检查的一致性优于螺旋CT检查(P<0.05);MRI和螺旋CT检查的术前N分期与术后病理N分期的一致性较差,其一致性检验值Kappa分别为0.392和0.154,且MRI检查与螺旋CT检查的一致性无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论 3.0TMRI和多层螺旋CT检查均是直肠癌患者术前TN分期较为可靠的检查方式。与多层螺旋CT比较,3.0TMRI对于直肠癌术前T分期的诊断正确率相对较高,且MRI检查术前T分期与术后病理T分期的一致性优于多层螺旋CT。而3.0TMRI和多层螺旋CT在直肠癌术前N分期的诊断中未见明显异同。     

超声内镜结合CT扫描在食管癌临床分期中的应用

目的:比较超声内镜(EUS)、CT扫描及两者联合应用在判定胸段食管癌术前T、N分期中的应用价值.方法:48例可切除胸段食管癌患者术前均行EUS检查和CT扫描,同时分别进行T、N分期,并与术后病理分期进行对照分析.结果:食管癌术前EUS检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为77.1%(37,48)、75.0%(36/48),T1、T2、T3、T4期诊断准确率分别为87.5%、57.1%、94.1%和100%;食管癌术前CT检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为52.1%(25/48)和77.1%(37,48),T1、T2、T3、T4期诊断准确率分别为37.5%、33_3%、81.2%和100%;EUS联合CT检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为79.2%(38,48)和77.1%(37/48).应用EUS测得淋巴结短径构建ROC曲线,曲线下面积为0.775,以淋巴结短径≥7.5mm作为阳性淋巴结的诊断界点,可能提高判断淋巴结转移的准确性.结论:EUS检查在食管癌术前分期的价值优于CT扫描,尤其对T分期诊断的准确率比较高.     

螺旋CT扫描对进展期胃癌浸润深度的研究

目的 探讨螺旋CT扫描对判定进展期胃癌浸润深度的价值。方法 搜集福建中医药大学附属人民医院CT影像资料完整,并经病理证实为进展性胃癌的病人63例,分析CT扫描判定胃癌T分期中各期与术后病理分期的符合率。结果 CT术前T分期的准确率为77.78%。CT—T₁分期的准确率为40%,CT—T₂分期的准确率为83.33%,CT—T₃分期的准确率为76%,CT—T₄分期的准确率为88%。结论 螺旋CT扫描对胃癌的局部浸润深度判断准确,有助于胃癌的术前分期,能指导临床治疗方案的选择。     

食管癌术前超声内镜T、N分期与术后病理T、N分期的比较

目的:探讨超声内镜（endoscopic ultrasonography,EUS）在食管癌术前TNM分期中的诊断价值。方法:回顾分析43例食管癌根治术患者术前超声内镜的T、N分期与术后病理学的T、N分期,以术后病理分期为金标准,比较两种分期的一致性。结果:食管癌术前EUS检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为82.50%和47.53%,其中T1为83.35%、T2为82.65%、T3为82.32%、T4为84.45%,N0为74.63%、N1为72.75%、N2为55.35%、N3为25.27%。EUS的T分期与病理T分期结果一致性较好（Kappa=0.724,P<0.05）;EUS的N0、N1分期与病理N0、N1分期结果一致性较好,而N2、N3的一致性则相对较差,但总体一致性比较仍具有统计学意义（Kappa=0.408,P<0.05）。结论:EUS判断食管癌T、N分期诊断准确率较高,可作为术前治疗方法选择的重要依据。     

MSCT三期扫描在直肠癌术前TNM 分期诊断价值

目的:评价16层螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描对直肠癌术前诊断及TNM分期的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析75例经病理证实的直肠癌,男性43例,女性32例,平均年龄57岁。所有患者术前采用16层螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描,所得数据行薄层及三维重组,对直肠肿瘤进行术前TNM分期,并与病理结果进行对照分析。结果:16层螺旋CT对直肠癌T 分期判定的准确率为83% ,对直肠癌N 分期判定的准确率为76% ,16层螺旋CT判断淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为62% 、87% 、73% 、80% 。16层螺旋CT判断肿瘤浆膜面浸润的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为85% 、55% 、84% 、58%。结论:16层螺旋CT平扫及三期增强扫描对直肠癌的术前TNM分期与病理分期有较好的一致性,具有重要的临床价值。      

多排螺旋CT在胃癌患者术前临床分期评估中的应用价值

目的探讨多排螺旋CT(MSCT)在胃癌患者术前分期中的应用价值。方法选取2010年10月至2016年9月间安徽省滁州市第一人民医院收治的231例胃癌患者,探讨术前MSCT检查评估的临床TNM分期与术后病理TNM分期的一致性。结果 MSCT检查评估胃癌术前T分期的准确率为73.2%,与术后病理T分期一致性较好(Kappa=0.60)。评估胃癌术前N分期的准确率为49.4%,与术后病理N分期一致性较差(Kappa=0.31)。评估胃癌术前肝转移的总体准确率为100.0%,灵敏度为93.8%,特异度为100.0%,术前临床与术后病理肝转移判断准确率的一致性满意(Kappa=0.97)。评估胃癌术前腹膜转移的总体准确率为100.0%,灵敏度为25.0%,特异度为100.0%,术前临床与术后病理腹膜转移判断准确率的一致性差(Kappa=0.40)。评估胃癌术前TNM分期的总体准确率为66.2%,术前临床TNM分期与术后病理TNM分期一致性较好(Kappa=0.52)。结论 MSCT检查对胃癌患者术前TNM分期具有较高的准确率,可作为胃癌术前临床分期的评价工具,但对胃癌腹膜转移及淋巴结转移情况的评估能力较差。     

MRI联合多层螺旋CT增强扫描对结肠癌术前T分期的应用价值

目的:评估MRI联合多层螺旋CT(MSCT)增强扫描在结肠癌术前T分期诊断中的应用价值.方法:对106例经病理证实为结肠癌的患者分别应用MRI、MSCT增强扫描及二者联合扫描图像进行术前T分期,并将影像T分期结果与术后病理T分期结果对照.结果:MRI联合MSCT增强扫描对结肠癌术前T分期与术后病理学T分期一致性强;MRI联合MSCT增强扫描对结肠癌T1～2 、T3、T4分期的准确率分别为91.4％(32/35)、86.8％(46/53)、94.4％(17/18);MRI、MSCT增强扫描及MRI联合MSCT增强扫描对结肠癌T分期的总准确率分别为80.2％(85/106)、73.6％(78/106)、89.6％ (95/106).结论:MRI联合MSCT增强扫描能够有效提高结肠癌术前T分期的准确率,对临床治疗方案的制定、提高患者生存质量和远期生存率都具有重要意义.     

食管癌超声内镜诊断探讨

目的评估超声内镜（EUS）在食管癌的诊断及术前临床分期的价值。方法对经电子胃镜检查＋活检诊断为食管癌的56例行EUS检查及TNM分期,与手术病理分期结果比较。结果食管癌术前EUS检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为T1期80.0%,T2期78.6%,T3期89.7%,T4期87.5%,T分期总准确率为85.7%;N0期74.1%,N1期79.3%,N分期总准确率为76.8%。结论EUS对食管癌的诊断及T、N分期诊断准确率较高,对指导术前制定治疗方案、评估预后有重要意义。     

微探头超声内镜和CT扫描在胸段食管癌术前分期中的应用

目的对比微探头超声内镜（MCUS）及CT在胸段食管癌术前进行T、N分期中的应用价值,探讨MCUS判断淋巴结转移的标准。方法对35例初治胸段食管癌患者分别进行MCUS扫描和CT扫描,并同时分别进行T、N分期;以术后病理为金标准,比较在对淋巴结转移的判断中,本研究试行的3种标准的准确率（即真实性）、灵敏度、特异度、阳性及阴性预测值等参数,判断其临床应用价值,并且,就MCUS扫描对淋巴结转移的判断标准进行探讨。结果本组35例中,MCUS的T分期准确率（85．7％）高于CT（45．7％）,差异有统计学意义（P=0．000）;MCUS的N分期中,两种标准的准确率（分别为85．7％及80．0％）均略高于CT（74．3％）,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0,05）。应用淋巴结短径及短长轴比例（S／L）结合的方法,研究结果显示,检测的灵敏度有所提高。结论MCUS在胸段食管癌术前分期中有重要作用,其T分期准确率明显高于传统CT扫描。以淋巴结短径与S／L结合进行分析,有望提高判断淋巴结转移的准确性。     

食管癌超声内镜诊断探讨

目的 评估超声内镜(EUS)在食管癌的诊断及术前临床分期的价值.方法 对经电子胃镜检查+活检诊断为食管癌的56例行EUS检查及TNM分期,与手术病理分期结果比较.结果 食管癌术前EUS检查T、N分期的诊断准确率分别为T1期80.0%,T2期78.6%,T3期89.7%,T4期87.5%,T分期总准确率为85.7%;N0期74.1%,N1期79.3%,N分期总准确率为76.8%.结论 EUS对食管癌的诊断及T、N分期诊断准确率较高,对指导术前制定治疗方案、评估预后有重要意义.     

胃癌螺旋CT征象与病变危险度的相关性研究

目的探讨胃癌螺旋CT征象与病变危险度的相关性。方法选取经病理检查确诊为胃癌的72例患者的临床资料,分析所有患者的胃癌螺旋CT征象与TNM分期,并与术后病理结果进行对照性研究。结果在72例患者中,病理分期判断为T1期15例、T2期20例、T3期15例、T4期22例;螺旋CT对胃癌T分期总的准确性为95.8%,Kappa值为0.943。病理分期判断为N0期25例、N1期31例、N2期16例;螺旋CT对胃癌N分期总的准确性为88.9%,Kappa值为0.832。病理分期判断为M0期57例、M1期15例;螺旋CT对胃癌M分期总的准确性为94.4%,Kappa值为0.872。胃癌螺旋CT TNM分期结果与病理结果一致性都好。结论螺旋CT征象在胃癌的术前诊断应用能有效评价患者的TNM分期状况,可反映病变危险度,有很好的临床诊断价值。     

Correlation of molecular response as measured by 18-FDG positron emission tomography with outcome after chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma

PURPOSE: To determine whether 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography scans predict the pathologic complete response and disease-free and overall survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing definitive or preoperative chemoradiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The records of patients with esophageal carcinoma presenting for definitive or preoperative treatment and undergoing pre- and post-treatment 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-computed tomography scans were retrospectively reviewed. The histologic type, T stage, and nodal status were the variables investigated to determine a relationship with the baseline standardized uptake value (SUV) of the primary tumor at diagnosis. We also attempted to determine whether a relationship exists between the percent decrease in SUV and a pathologic complete response, overall and disease-free survival. RESULTS: A total of 81 patients, 14 women and 67 men, underwent 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-computed tomography scanning before treatment and 63 also had post-treatment scans. T stage and tumor location predicted in univariate, but not multivariate, analysis for the initial SUV. Of the patients with a postchemoradiotherapy SUV of <2.5, 66% had tumor in the surgical specimen and 64% of patients had positive lymph nodes at surgery that were not imaged on the postchemoradiotherapy PET scan. A trend existed for post-treatment SUV and the days from radiotherapy to surgery to predict for a pathologic complete response (p = 0.09 and p = 0.08, respectively). The post-treatment SUV predicted for disease-free survival in the definitive chemoradiotherapy group (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A correlation was found between the depth of tumor invasion and the baseline SUV. The post-treatment SUV predicted for disease-free survival in the definitive chemoradiotherapy group. Caution should be exercised in using post-treatment PET scans to determine the necessity for surgical resection.     

18FDG PET/CT对非小细胞肺癌N2期淋巴结诊断的价值

目的:通过对18FDG PET/CT、CT对非小细胞肺癌N2期纵隔淋巴结的诊断与术后病理结果比较,探讨18FDG PET/CT对N2期淋巴结的诊断价值。方法:72例原发NSCLC患者共切除纵隔N2期淋巴结280枚,回顾性分析术前CT及18FDG PET/CT检查对纵隔N2期淋巴结的诊断结果,并与病理结果分别进行对比分析。结果:175枚N2期淋巴结CT诊断阳性,其诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为:74.0%、50%、62.5%、61.7%及63.8%;而172枚N2期淋巴结18FDG PET/CT诊断阳性,其诊断的敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为:89.0%、68.7%、79.3%、75.6%及85.2%,均明显优于CT（P＜0.05）。而105例短径<10 mm的纵隔淋巴结中,36.2%（38/105）为转移淋巴结,18FDG PET/CT对CT诊断阴性的纵隔淋巴结的诊断敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性及阴性预测值分别为:86.8%、88.1%、87.6%、80.5%及92.2%;其中高代谢的N2期小淋巴结主要分布于2R、4R/L、7组:36.4%（12/33）、27.3%（9/33）、36.4%（12/33）。结论:18FDG PET/CT对肺癌N2期纵隔淋巴结的诊断价值明显优于CT,尤其对于纵隔内短径<10 mm淋巴结转移的诊断具有明显优势。     

Improvement in preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma with positron emission tomography

BACKGROUND: Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18- fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) has been used to both detect and stage a variety of malignancies. The current study examined the value of PET for preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients (49 males and 19 females) with gastric adenocarcinoma, who were referred for preoperative FDG-PET scans, were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent spiral-computed tomography (CT) within 1 week of referral. The final diagnosis in all patients was made by histologic and surgical findings. For quantitative PET analysis, the regional tumor FDG uptake was measured by the standardized uptake value (SUV). RESULTS: For the primary tumor of a gastric adenocarcinoma, PET demonstrated an increased uptake in 64 of 68 patients (sensitivity, 94%), with a mean SUV of 7.0 (range, 0.9-27.7). A comparison of FDG uptake and clinicopathologic features showed significant association between FDG uptake and macroscopic type, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, histologic type, and TNM stage. The PET scan had a similar accuracy with that of CT for diagnosing local and distant lymph node metastases as well as peritoneal status. In assessing local lymph node status, however, PET had a higher specificity than CT (92% vs. 62%, P = 0.000). Moreover, PET had additional diagnostic value in 10 (15%) of 68 patients by upstaging 4 (6%) and downstaging 6 (9%) patients. PET combined with CT was more accurate for preoperative staging than either modality alone (66% vs. 51%, 66% vs. 47%, respectively; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: FDG-PET improves the preoperative TNM staging of gastric adenocarcinoma. Based on its superior specificity, FDG-PET can facilitate the selection of patients for a curative resection by confirming a nodal status identified by CT.     

Clinical significance of (18)F-FDG uptake by N2 lymph nodes in patients with resected stage IIIA N2 non-small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective study

This study evaluated the potential role of (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (FDG) uptake by primary tumors and N2 nodes on positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with stage IIIA N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We retrospectively analyzed PET scans of 57 NSCLC patients who received surgical resection and proved pathologically to have stage IIIA N2 disease between January 2000 and April 2005. On each patient's PET scan, FDG uptake by the primary tumor and N2 nodes was evaluated using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV). The SUV of the primary tumor (SUVt) and the highest value of the N2 nodes (SUVn) in each patient were treated as continuous variables for initial analysis. The SUVn and T stage (T1-2 vs. T3) were significant prognostic factors in univariate analysis (P=0.004 and 0.017, respectively), but the SUVt was not. Adjusted for the size of the N2 node (1cm), SUVt, and T stage (T1-2 vs. T3), the SUVn was associated with survival (P=0.019). Patients were divided into those with a low and high SUVn using a cutoff value. Controlling for the size of N2 nodes and T stages, patients with a low SUVn showed a tendency for prolonged survival (P=0.053). These results suggest that FDG uptake by the N2 node may predict survival of patients with stage IIIA N2 NSCLC.     

飞利浦64排增强CT扫描在胃癌术前分期中的应用

目的:分析飞利浦64排增强CT扫描在胃癌术前分期中的应用价值。方法:选取我院2016年1月至2018年1月收治的450例经胃镜检查证实的胃癌患者纳入研究，术前采取飞利浦64排增强CT扫描方式评估TNM分期，以术后病理检查结果作为“金标准”，分析飞利浦64排增强CT扫描在胃癌术前分期中的准确性。结果:飞利浦64排增强扫描T1期灵敏度为64.00%，特异度99.06%，准确性97.11%，Kappa值0.70；T2期灵敏度为70.65%，特异度94.97%，准确性90.00%，Kappa值0.68；T3期灵敏度为83.93%，特异度81.42%，准确性82.67%，Kappa值0.65；T4期灵敏度为70.64%，特异度88.27%，准确性84.00%，Kappa值0.57；飞利浦64排增强扫描N0期灵敏度为80.25%，特异度85.85%，准确性82.89%，Kappa值0.66；N1期灵敏度为77.16%，特异度92.36%，准确性86.89%，Kappa值0.71；N2期灵敏度为84.00%，特异度90.00%，准确性89.33%，Kappa值0.58；飞利浦64排增强扫描M分期检查灵敏度为96.62%，特异度93.85%，准确性96.22%，Kappa值0.86。结论:依据飞利浦64排增强CT扫描结果进行胃癌术前TNM分期，与术后病理检查一致，其中M分期检查准确性最高，与术后病理一致性极好，可为患者治疗方案的合理选择提供重要参考。     

The integration of 18-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography and endoscopic ultrasound in the treatment-planning process for esophageal carcinoma

PURPOSE: Accurate delineation of the gross tumor volume (GTV) is important in radiation therapy treatment planning. We evaluated the impact of PET and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) compared with CT simulation in the planning of radiation fields for patients with esophageal carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients presenting with esophageal carcinoma for radiation therapy underwent PET scans in the treatment position after conventional CT simulation. Patients underwent PET/CT scanning after being injected with 10 to 20 mCi of [F-18]-2-deoxy-2-fluro-D-glucose. The length of the abnormality seen on the CT portion of the PET/CT scan vs. the PET scan alone was determined independently by 2 separate investigators. The length of the GTV and detection of regional adenopathy by PET was also correlated with EUS in 18 patients. Of the 18 patients who had EUS, 2 had T2 tumors and 16 had T3 tumors. Eighteen patients had adenocarcinoma and 7 had squamous cell carcinoma. Nine tumors were located at the gastroesophageal junction, 8 at the lower esophagus, 7 in the middle esophagus, and 1 in the cervical esophagus. The PET scans were reviewed to determine the length of the abnormality by use of a standard uptake value (SUV) of 2.5 to delineate the tumor extent. RESULTS: The mean length of the cancer was 5.4 cm (95% CI 4.4-6.4 cm) as determined by PET scan, 6.77 cm (95% CI, 5.6-7.9 cm) as determined by CT scan, and 5.1 cm (95% CI, 4.0-6.1 cm) for the 22 patients who had endoscopy. The length of the tumors was significantly longer as measured by CT scans compared with PET scans (p = 0.0063). EUS detected significantly more patients with periesophageal and celiac lymphadenopathy compared to PET and CT. The SUV of the esophageal tumors was higher in patients with peri-esophageal lymphadenopathy identified on PET scans. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic ultrasound and PET scans can add additional information to aid the radiation oncologist's ability to precisely identify the GTV in patients with esophageal carcinoma.     

18F-FDG PET／CT双时显像对老年患者肝细胞肝癌诊断准确性的影响

目的:探讨18F-FDG PET／CT诊断老年患者肝细胞肝癌方面,不同时相内产生的不同表现,确定出是否可以提高肝癌诊断的准确性。方法:分别在两家医院共选取120例病例,18F-FDG PET／CT检查后,行肝部手术,取病理证实,分肝癌组和良性病变组。分别计算早期及延迟期病灶的最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)和滞留指数,以及病灶SUVmax与肝脏本底SUVmax的比值(T/N)。分析肝癌组和良性病变组病灶的变化规律。结果:所选病例中肝癌组早期及延迟相SUVmax间差异具有统计学意义,良性病变组早期及延迟相SUVmax无统计学意义。肝癌组T／N比值在早期及延迟相也存在显著差异,良性病变组早期及延迟相T／N比值间均无统计学意义。两组滞留指数差异没有统计学意义。结论:18F-FDG PET／CT双时相显像可以提高肝脏细胞癌诊断的准确性。     

全身PET/CT和VEGF-C检查对非小细胞肺癌诊治的应用价值

目的：探讨全身PET/CT和血浆血管内皮生长因子-C（VEGF-C）在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）诊断和治疗选择中的临床应用价值。方法：收集2005年1月17日～2007年1月17日86例病理确诊的NSCLC患者的PET/CT资料并留取血清样本备用。比较PET/CT、胸部CT、支气管镜活检及经皮肺穿刺切割活检4种不同方法对NSCLC的诊断敏感性;分析SUV值（standardized uptake value）和延迟相SUV对NSCLC的诊断价值;比较PET/CT与常规检查的TNM分期在淋巴结和远处转移中的检出率和检出分布上的差异。用双抗体夹心ELISA法试剂盒测定血清VEGF-C浓度辅助胸部CT评价N分期。结果：入组研究NSCLC患者86例,男性67例,女性19例;腺癌41例、鳞癌37例、混合型腺癌5例及大细胞癌3例。PET/CT和胸部CT、支气管镜活检、经皮肺穿切割活检术对NSCLC患者肺部原发病变的诊断敏感性分别为90.89%（78/86）、76.47%（60/86）、80%（36/45）和90%（45/50）,PET/CT与胸部CT在诊断敏感性上差异显著（P=0.02）。86例NSCLC患者PET/CT初始相SUV均值为8.27±4.90,其中46例患者延迟相SUV均值为8.35±5.29,高于其初始相SUV均值7.62±4.50（P=0.003）。PET/CT对N1、N2、N3分别检出10、24、26例,合计检出率为69.77%（60/86）;胸部CT/VEGF-C分别检出9、29、6例,合计53.88%（46/86）,PET/CT组与CT/VEGF-C组在阳性检出率和淋巴结分布上差异均非常显著（P=0.006和P=0.004）。本组PET/CT诊断Ⅳ期肺癌38例,与常规检查组诊断29例,两组在阳性发现率上无显著差异（P=0.211）,在分布上两组差异也不显著（P=0.712）。结论：PET/CT对NSCLC原发肿瘤的诊断敏感性显著优于胸部CT,延迟相SUV值对SUV初始值诊断NSCLC有重要参考价值。PET/CT对NSCLC的TNM分期比常规检查分期可能对治疗帮助更大。     

Evaluation of esophageal cancer by positron emission tomography

BACKGROUND: A retrospective study was performed to determine the indications for positron emission tomography (PET) using [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in patients with esophageal cancer, including those with early cancer, and to investigate whether the tumor-to-normal ratio (T/N ratio) could be used as a substitute for the standardized uptake value (SUV). METHODS: Thirty-six patients were included in the study. Thirty-one patients who had 36 biopsy-proven lesions (35 squamous cell carcinomas and one small cell carcinoma) underwent PET study prior to treatment. PET images were evaluated visually and the relationship between the depth of invasion and the PET findings were examined in 22 lesions of 19 patients from whom specimens were obtained from the primary tumor by surgery or endoscopic mucosal resection. PET results were also compared with computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for detection of regional lymph node metastases in 18 patients who underwent extended lymph node dissection. Five patients underwent PET studies for the detection of recurrence and the PET findings were compared with their CT findings. The T/N ratio and the SUV were calculated for 20 primary tumors. RESULTS: Among the 15 tumors that were pT1b or greater, all 15 were positive on PET and all seven of the lesions confined to the mucosa (Tis or T1a) were negative. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of detecting nodal involvement were, respectively, 37.5, 96.1 and 88.3% by CT, 30.8, 88.5 and 81.0% by EUS and 41.7, 100 and 92.2% by PET. More sites of recurrence were detected by PET than by CT. There was no statistically significant correlation between the SUV and the T/N ratio. CONCLUSIONS: PET imaging can detect primary esophageal cancer with a depth of invasion of T1b or greater, but Tis and T1a tumors are undetectable. PET seems to be more accurate than CT or EUS for diagnosing lymph node metastasis. The T/N ratio cannot be used as a substitute for the SUV.