乳腺纤维瘤病样梭形细胞癌临床病理分析

目的 探讨乳腺纤维瘤病样梭形细胞癌（fibromatosis-like spindle cell carcinoma,FLSCC）临床病理特征。方法 对3例FLSCC病例进行光镜观察和免疫组化染色[CK、CK（34βE12）、vimentin、SMA、ER、PR、Ki-67、c-erbB-2]。结果 3例均为女性,年龄分别为47、53、56岁,均可触及乳腺肿块。肿瘤境界清楚,但镜下边缘呈浸润性。肿瘤主要是梭形细胞、多边形细胞、少量的管状腺体及鳞上皮巢混合,间质纤维明显增生伴胶原化,细胞成束状排列或散在分布,似纤维瘤病样改变。梭形细胞分化良好,异型性不明显,部分区域细胞较丰富,其间聚集的上皮簇或片状多边形细胞核有轻度异型,可见少数核分裂象。多边形细胞与梭形细胞有移行。病变中亦可见淋巴细胞、浆细胞聚集浸润。上皮细胞、多边形细胞及部分梭形细胞CK（34βE12）、CK（AE1／AE3）阳性,CK阴性的梭形细胞表达vimentin、SMA。3例均行肿块切除,其中1例,术后4个月复发,再行乳腺根治术。结论 乳腺（纤维瘤病样）梭形细胞癌是一种少见的、低度恶性肿瘤,诊断需依赖免疫组化标记并与乳腺其它梭形细胞肿瘤相鉴别。     

梭形细胞横纹肌肉瘤3例临床病理学分析及文献复习

目的探讨梭形细胞横纹肌肉瘤(spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma,SCRM)的临床病理学特征、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法回顾性分析3例SCRM的临床表现、组织学与免疫表型特征,并复习相关文献。结果 3例均为男性婴幼儿,年龄2天~4岁。肿瘤部位:睾丸旁2例,腰背部1例,肿瘤直径2~6 cm;眼观:肿瘤边界清,无包膜,切面灰白色,质地韧。镜检:肿瘤呈侵袭性生长,边界尚清。瘤细胞由束状排列的梭形细胞组成,胞质深嗜伊红色,纤维状,可呈席纹状或漩涡状排列,局部区域可见波浪状结构,似神经纤维。部分细胞内可见横纹结构,有些区域见散在的横纹肌母细胞。瘤细胞间质内有少量胶原纤维。细胞核多为长圆形,有些细胞核呈纤细波浪状,细胞核异型不明显,核分裂象偶见。免疫表型:vimentin、desmin、myogenin和Myo D1均阳性,CK、α-inhabin、AFP、CD34、S-100蛋白均阴性。结论 SCRM是横纹肌肉瘤中一种少见的新类型,常发生于婴幼儿。需与婴儿纤维瘤病、先天性纤维肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、恶性蝾螈瘤及促纤维组织的恶性黑色素瘤相鉴别。     

A/AB型胸腺瘤的临床病理研究

新的胸腺瘤分类将具有梭形细胞和梭形细胞与淋巴细胞混合组成的胸腺瘤归入A、AB型[1] ,由于该类型的肿瘤以梭形细胞 /淋巴细胞为其病理特征并具有浸润性生长 ,故认识本病的临床与病理特点 ,对其诊断具有重要意义。一、材料和方法18例肿瘤患者为南京军区南京总医院 1983～ 2 0 0 1年间收治住院患者 ,复习临床、实验室和影像学资料 ,肿瘤标本常规病理制片光镜观察 ,同时选择肿瘤性石蜡包埋组织行免疫组织化学链霉素抗生物素蛋白 过氧化物酶 (SP)法标记 :细胞角蛋白 (CKpan)、波形蛋白、癌胚抗原 (CEA)、突触素、神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NS…     

乳腺纤维腺瘤伴梗死2例

例1,女性,19岁,未婚。发现右乳肿块1个月,无发热、疼痛等症状。无乳腺外伤史。B超提示:右乳腺内纤维瘤。查体:肿块位于右乳内上象限,2 0cm×1 5cm ,边界清,活动度可,表面光滑,质硬而韧,无压痛,与胸壁及皮肤无粘连,乳头无凹陷,皮肤及淋巴结未见异常。临床诊断:乳腺纤维腺瘤。病理检查　椭圆形肿物2 0cm×1 5cm×1 2cm ,似有包膜,表面可见灶状出血,切面中央区域灰黄色,稍有隆起,质稍软,边缘灰白色,质韧。镜检:肿物中央为坏死组织,可见多数导管,轮廓清楚,基膜完整,导管内大部分上皮细胞坏死,核固缩、溶解甚至消失,坏死周围导管上皮增生呈多…     

20例梭形细胞癌的病理形态及免疫组织化学特征

目的:探讨梭形细胞癌的形态学及免疫组织化学特征及鉴别诊断.方法:收集20例梭形细胞癌病例的临床及病理资料,分析其形态学特征及免疫表型特征.结果:20例梭形细胞癌中男性12例,女性8例,平均年龄62.5岁.肿瘤无器官特异性,肿瘤细胞呈梭形,多数病例异型性明显,少数病例细胞温和,异形性不明显.免疫组织化学示肿瘤细胞均表达vimentin;至少表达一种上皮标志物;CK,34pE12,CK5/6,EMA和P63阳性率较高;常表达desmin,calponin,SMA;不表达CD34,S100,HMB-45,myogenin,MyoD1,ALK.结论:梭形细胞癌是一种具有独特形态学和免疫表型的肿瘤.     

双侧原发性乳腺梭形细胞变异型弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤

乳腺原发淋巴瘤很少见 ,约占乳腺恶性肿瘤的 1‰〔1〕,而伴梭形细胞分化的恶性淋巴瘤更为罕见 ,且易误诊。笔者最近诊断 1例原发于双侧乳腺的梭形细胞变异型弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤 (diffuselargeBcelllymphoma ,DLBCL) ,并结合文献复习 ,对其临床病理特点进行讨论。1　临床资料患者女 ,4 9岁。因左乳肿块 2年余、双乳肿块增大 6个月余入院。患者 2年多前发现左乳肿块 ,缓慢增至拳头大小 ,于当地医院就诊 ,经口服中药 7个月后肿块缩小至核桃大小。 6个月前 ,双乳均出现肿块 ,近来明显增大 ,疼痛不明显。查体 :左、右乳各侧外上象限均扪及肿…     

肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌临床病理学观察

目的 探讨肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌的临床病理学特征、免疫表型及鉴别诊断。方法 应用常规病理、免疫组化方法观察1例肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌并复习相关文献。结果 肿物与周围肾组织分界清楚，组织学特点是排列呈管状的上皮样细胞，片状的梭形细胞和黏液性间质，无明显核的异型性，缺乏坏死。免疫组化：CK、EMA、vimentin阳性，SMA、desmin、S-100蛋白、HMB45等阴性。结论 肾脏黏液性管状和梭形细胞癌是WHO新确定的一类罕见的低度恶性肾上皮性肿瘤，预后较好，要与后肾腺瘤、肉瘤样癌和集合管癌等疾病相鉴别。     

肌内梭形细胞血管瘤1例

患者,女,35岁,发现有小腿肿块5年,伴间断疼痛,肿瘤缓慢增大。体检：右小腿上段后侧略隆起,皮肤表面尤红、肿、热及触痛,轻脏可扪及一约5cm×5cm×3cm肿块,质中,活动度尚可,有压痛。辅助检查：B超示右小腿外侧腓肠肌内肿块,MRI疑为脉管性肿瘤。临床诊断：右小腿软组织肿瘤,行肿瘤切除术,术中见肿瘤位于肌组织间,无包膜,但境界尚清,肿瘤直径约2cm,术后患者恢复良好,随访10个月,无肿瘤局部复发或转移。[第一段]     

乳腺纤维瘤病样梭形细胞癌

1　临床资料 患者女性,69岁,因发现左乳肿块1个月余入院。查 体:左乳外上象限扪及2cm×2cm肿块,质硬,界欠清,活动 差。患侧皮肤和乳头正常,左侧腋下淋巴结未触及。B超 左乳外上象限探及28mm×23mm×25mm不规则低回声 边界欠清,内部回声不均,提示:左乳外上象限实质性占位性 病变(癌可能)。临床诊断:左乳腺癌。术中切除肿块送冷 冻切片检查。 2　病理检查 2.1　眼观　乳腺组织4.5cm×4.5cm×3.0cm,切面见一 肿物3.0cm×2.5cm×2.5cm,灰白色,质硬,无包膜。大部 分区域肿瘤边界较清,小区与周围脂肪组织界限不清(图 1)。 2.2　镜检　肿瘤细胞…     

乳腺梭形细胞癌2例临床病理特征及误诊分析

目的观察乳腺梭形细胞癌的临床病理及免疫表型特征,分析该类乳腺癌易误诊的原因并探讨其诊断思路及要点。方法回顾性分析2例乳腺梭形细胞癌的临床资料、病理学形态及免疫表型,并复习相关文献,分析该类乳腺癌误诊的原因。结果 2例患者均为女性,其中1例乳腺皮肤活检组织,镜下真皮及皮下组织内见形态温和的梭形细胞增生明显,穿插于纤维脂肪组织中,并伴有较多急慢性炎细胞浸润;另1例在硬化性腺病背景下有大量的梭形细胞增生,并伴有低级别导管原位癌成分。免疫表型:例1梭形细胞CK、CK8、p120及β-catenin胞质阳性;后者CK、CK5/6、p63及CD10阳性。例1因乳腺肿块误诊致多次复发最终累及皮肤;后者术中冷冻病理诊断为良性,术后行免疫组化标记后才得以明确诊断。结论乳腺梭形细胞癌是一类较为少见的乳腺癌,易漏、误诊,其诊断的准确性有赖于正确的诊断思路基础上广泛取材及全面的免疫组化检测。     

Topical organization of the projections of neurons of the substantia nigra and the ventral field of the tegmentum of the midbrain to the head of the caudate nucleus of the cat

Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology -     

Asymmetry of the internal connections of the striate cortex of the cat in the projection zone of the center of the field of vision

Studies were carried out on the organization of the internal connections of the striate cortex in cats in the projection zone of the center (0–5°) of the field of vision by microintophoretic application of horseradish peroxidase to electrophysiologically identified orientational columns. The area containing neurons showing retrograde labeling in most cases extended in the mediolateral direction. Labeled cells were located in the upper (II, III) and lower (V, VI) layers of the cortex, and the shapes and orientations of the areas containing labeled neurons in these layers coincided. Spatial asymmetry was detected in the distribution of labeled neurons relative to the orientational column studied. Labeled cells were located predominantly medial to the columns, regardless of the distance from the projection of the area centralis. Considering the visuotopical map of field 17, the asymmetry detected here provides evidence that neurons in orientational columns have more extensive connections with neurons of the peripheral part of the cortex. An asymmetrical distribution of “silent” zones around the receptive fields of neurons in orientational columns is suggested, and that these appear to receive influences from the periphery of the visual field. Laboratory of Visual Physiology and Laboratory of Central Nervous System Morphology, I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. Translated from Fiziologicheskii Zhurnal imeni I. M. Sechenova, Vol. 82, No. 12, pp. 23–29, December, 1996.     

Characteristics of the topographic interrelation of the head of the pancreas and the duodenum and pathology of the organs of the pancreatoduodenal area

Seventy pancreatoduodenal complexes of 55 patients with chronic pancreatitis and tumours of this zone and 15 patients died from other diseases are studies histotopographically . The pieces of the pancreatic head tissue in the medial wall of the duodenum were found in 12 cases of the first group and in 4 control cases. The pancreatic tissue consisted either of all elements of this organ or cystically dilated ducts and seemed to infiltrate different layers of the duodenum wall. Three variants of the pancreatic head structure are suggested on the basis of anatomo-topographical interrelationships of the pancreatic head and duodenum. In 12 out of 14 cases chronic pancreatitis and carcinoma of organs of this zone were combined with the variants of the pancreatic head structure, in 2 cases there was a true heterotopy . Pathogenetic significance of these variants for the development of chronic pancreatitis is discussed.     

Influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitude of the synaptic reactions of the snail under voltage clamping conditions

The influence of the level of the transmembrane potential on the dynamics of the extinction of the amplitudes of summary excitatory postsynaptic currents arising in identified giant parietal neurons in response to rhythmic stimulation of the intestinal nerve was investigated in a preparation of the isolated CNS of the common snail in order to identify the possibility of the participation of the postsynaptic element in synaptic plasticity. It was demonstrated that, at a greater value of the transmembrane potential, the decrease in the amplitudes of the postsynaptic currents which have been induced by rhythmic stimulation takes place more rapidly. It was also demonstrated that at a higher frequency of stimulation of the nerve, the effect of the influence of the membrane potential level on the dynamics of the synaptic reactions is more prominent. The data obtained may be regarded as an argument in favor of the possibility of the participation of the post-synapse in plasticity. This study was partially supported by the Russian Basic Research Fund (project No. 94-04-12209). Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatel'nosti imeni I. P. Pavlova, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 171–179, January–February, 1995.     

Effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on the behavior of the rat.

The effects of the lesion of the postcommissural part of the septum on behavior of the rat has been studied. Results may be summarized as follows. An increase in the exploratory behavior in the open field which decreases rapidly; a decrease in the number of defecations in this test and a decrease in time leaving a dark environment for exploration. In the shuttle box test, no facilitation of the acquisition, but a permanent and quite significant increase in the intertrial activity has been found. We conclude that the lesions tend to decrease the emotivity of the subjects. An interpretation on the basis of the species -- specific defensive reactions explains the transitory and permanent effects of the lesions on the spontaneous activity.     

Effect of the conditions of adaptation of the optic analyzer to the function of the thermoreceptors of the human skin

Summary A discussion is presented of the effect produced by light stimulation applied to the optic analyzer alone on the function of the temperature analyzer. The cutaneous-temperature analyzer was kept on constant illumination and temperature. The light effects from the retinal photoreceptors on the cutaneous thermoceptor system led to reflex changes of the functional rate of the latter. Conditions of the optic analyzer of light adaptation caused reflex adjustment of cold receptors as to heating. Dark adaptation of the eyes changed the functional state of the cold receptors, corresponding to their adjustment to low temperatures.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR V. V. Parin) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 3–6, March, 1964