H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因在大肠杆菌和昆虫细胞中的表达

目的构建大肠杆菌表达载体pET-NS1和昆虫杆状病毒转移载体pFast-NS1,将H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NS1基因分别在大肠杆菌和昆虫细胞中进行表达,表达产物用Western blot进行检测分析。方法酶切含有NS1基因的质粒pUC-NS1,分别克隆进大肠杆菌表达载体pET-28a(+)和杆状病毒转移载体pFastBac HT A中,分别获得表达载体pET-NS1和pFast-NS1。将pET-NS1转化大肠杆菌BL21,以异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)进行诱导表达;将pFast-NS1转化DH10Bac感受态细胞,提取重组Bac-NS1DNA,以M13为通用引物作PCR鉴定,阳性Bac-NS1用脂质体转染sf9细胞,72h后收集感染细胞。大肠杆菌表达产物和细胞表达产物分别裂解后作SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析。结果成功构建了大肠杆菌表达载体pET-NS1和昆虫杆状病毒转移载体pFast-NS1,大肠杆菌和昆虫细胞中表达的融合蛋白Western blot都能检测到特异性条带。结论NS1基因在大肠杆菌和昆虫细胞中得到成功表达,为获得大量NS1蛋白进行功能研究及抗体制备奠定了基础。     

日本血吸虫翻译控制肿瘤蛋白基因的杆状病毒表达载体构建和在昆虫细胞中的表达

目的构建日本血吸虫的翻译控制肿瘤蛋白(SjTCTP)基因的杆状病毒重组供体质粒pFASTA-TCTP,用该重组转移质粒转化含有杆状病毒表达载体以构建BacmidGFP-TCTP,感染昆虫细胞进行表达。方法将已克隆的SjTCTP基因与线性化的pFASTA进行连接为pFASTA-TCTP,使pFASTA-TCTP与DH10BAC感受菌进行转座重组,利用抗性及蓝白斑筛选重组BacmidGFP-TCTP克隆,提取BacmidGFP-TCTP转染昆虫细胞Sf9获得有感染力的病毒,利用病毒感染Sf9细胞进行蛋白表达,通过荧光镜观察、RT-PCR、SDS-PAGE和Western-Blotting检测表达情况。结果获得了重组SjTCTP的杆状病毒,细胞能表达出与SjTCTP单抗结合的、分子量为23kDa左右的融合有组氨酸标签的目的蛋白。结论SjTCTP能在昆虫细胞中获得良好表达,为其的分子生物学活性研究奠定了基础。     

杆状病毒作为哺乳动物细胞表达载体及其在医学中的应用

杆状病毒载体表达系统已被广泛用于在受纳昆虫细胞中大量表达外源蛋白。近年的研究发现，这种表达载体还可用来介导外源基因投送至各种哺乳动物细胞，并且通过哺乳动物启动子的驱动使外源蛋白得到高效稳定的表达，而其自身基因组并不复制和表达。同时，经过适当的修饰或预处理，杆状病毒表达载体还可介导外源基因在哺乳动物体内表达。由于这种载体的容量大，感染、表达效率高，生物安全性好，因而在基因治疗、疫苗开发、药物筛选等医学各领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

杆状病毒表达载体的构建及其在疫苗研究中的应用

杆状病毒表达载体已构建成功，成为疫苗研制中的一个有利的工具。本文介绍了杆状病毒表达载体的构建及其在疫苗研究中的应用。     

H5N1亚型禽流感病毒核蛋白NP的原核表达及抗体制备

目的制备H5N1亚型禽流感病毒NP重组蛋白和抗体,为研制含NP组分的人禽流感亚单位疫苗和建立评价方法提供检测抗原和抗体。方法以H5N1亚型禽流感病毒A/chicken/Hubei/489/2004(H5N1)NP基因cDNA克隆质粒pMD-NP为模板,PCR扩增获得NP基因抗原区片段,克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a,构建重组质粒pET-ΔNP,转化大肠杆菌BL21-CondonPlus(DE3)-RIL,IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达。采用Ni亲和层析方法纯化NP重组蛋白,免疫家兔,收集免疫血清,ELISA测定抗体效价;间接免疫荧光检测所制备抗体与真核细胞表达NP蛋白的反应性。结果与结论成功的制备了高效价兔抗NP抗体,抗体效价在105以上,该抗体能与原核和真核系统中表达的NP蛋白特异性反应,为研制以NP蛋白为抗原组分的人禽流感亚单位疫苗和建立评价方法奠定了基础。     

杆状病毒作为哺乳动物细胞表达载体及其在医学中的应用

杆状病毒载体表达系统已被广泛用于在受纳昆虫细胞中大量表达外源蛋白。近年的研究发现 ,这种表达载体还可用来介导外源基因投送至各种哺乳动物细胞 ,并且通过哺乳动物启动子的驱动使外源蛋白得到高效稳定的表达 ,而其自身基因组并不复制和表达。同时 ,经过适当的修饰或预处理 ,杆状病毒表达载体还可介导外源基因在哺乳动物体内表达。由于这种载体的容量大 ,感染、表达效率高 ,生物安全性好 ,因而在基因治疗、疫苗开发、药物筛选等医学各领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

杆状病毒表达载体的构建及其在疫苗研究中的应用

杆状病毒表达载体已构建成功,成为疫苗研制中的一个有利的工具。本文介绍了杆状病毒表达载体的构建及其在疫苗研究中的应用。     

基于昆虫细胞-杆状病毒表达系统的SARS-CoV-2 S1蛋白的高效表达

目的 设计、构建表达新型冠状病毒(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2) S1蛋白的重组杆状病毒,建立并优化其在昆虫细胞中的生产工艺,为新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)血清学诊断方法的建立及疫苗开发奠定基础。方法 利用分子克隆技术将S1基因插入pFastBac^TM 1质粒,获得重组质粒pFastBac-S1,经转座获得重组杆粒rbacmid-S1,转染Sf9细胞后包装获得重组杆状病毒rBV-S1,通过rBV-S1感染High Five^TM(Hi5)细胞表达S1蛋白,使用Western blot分析鉴定S1蛋白的表达。在此基础上,建立优化rBV-S1扩增和蛋白表达的工艺,以实现S1蛋白的高效表达。结果 通过特异性引物PCR扩增重组质粒pFastBac-S1与重组杆粒rbacmid-S1,获得大小分别为2 367 bp、4 370 bp的基因片段,表明S1基因成功克隆入pFastBac^TM 1质粒与bacmid;采用Western blot分...     

利用杆状病毒系统表达重组HBV聚合酶RT区段

目的利用杆状病毒表达载体系统制备重组HBV聚合酶RT区段蛋白。方法构建含有HBVP基因RT区段的杆状病毒转移载体pFastBac HT-RT，转化大肠埃希菌DH10B-ac进行重组，提取重组BacmidDNA质粒，转染昆虫细胞SD获得含有HBVP基因RT区段的重组杆状病毒。重组的杆状病毒再感染SO细胞进行HBVP基因RT区段蛋白表达，通过Western blot检测表达情况。结果成功构建了含HBVP基因RT区段的重组杆状病毒，昆虫细胞Sf9中能检测到HBVP基因RT区段蛋白的表达。结论利用杆状病毒表达系统能成功地表达HBVP基因RT区段蛋白。     

杆状病毒表达载体系统的特点及其在寄生虫学上的应用

杆状病毒载体表达系统使用一个或多个启动子 ,将外源目的基因插入到启动子下游 ,获得重组病毒 ,这种重组病毒在昆虫细胞或虫体内复制的同时 ,使外源基因得到表达。随着杆状病毒分子生物学和表达载体研究的不断深入 ,作为真核表达载体 ,该系统区别于其他表达系统的特点更为突出 ,主要表现在目的基因容量、表达效率、目的蛋白活性、可操作性、生物安全性和在寄生虫学上的应用等     

甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因的原核表达及免疫反应性分析

目的构建甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因的原核表达质粒,获得融合表达蛋白,并对表达蛋白的免疫反应性进行分析。方法人工合成A/California/05/2009 H1N1流感病毒的HA基因,以合成基因为模板,通过PCR方法扩增出去除信号肽的HA部分基因片段,然后将去除信号肽的HA基因克隆至pET30a(+)原核表达载体中,构建出原核表达质粒,再将重组质粒转化E.coliBL21(DE3)表达菌株;重组菌经IPTG诱导后,收集菌体进行SDS-PAGE电泳分析,Western blot分析表达产物的免疫反应性。结果获得了HA基因的原核表达重组菌,细菌经IPTG诱导表达后,SDS-PAGE分析可见约67.4 ku大小的目的蛋白表达条带,Western blot结果显示,表达产物与人甲型H1N1流感患者阳性血清具有反应性。结论成功表达出甲型H1N1流感病毒的HA蛋白,该蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性,为甲型H1N1流感的快速诊断方法的建立提供了生物材料。     

Diversity of influenza viruses in swine and the emergence of a novel human pandemic influenza A (H1N1)

Abstract The novel H1N1 influenza virus that emerged in humans in Mexico in early 2009 and transmitted efficiently in the human population with global spread has been declared a pandemic strain. Here we review influenza infections in swine since 1918 and the introduction of different avian and human influenza virus genes into swine influenza viruses of North America and Eurasia. These introductions often result in viruses of increased fitness for pigs that occasionally transmit to humans. The novel virus affecting humans is derived from a North American swine influenza virus that has acquired two gene segments [Neuraminidase (NA) and Matrix (M)] from the European swine lineages. This reassortant appears to have increased fitness in humans. The potential for increased virulence in humans and of further reassortment between the novel H1N1 influenza virus and oseltamivir resistant seasonal H1N1 or with highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza stresses the need for urgent pandemic planning.     

猪流感病毒基因池中的新成员:新甲型H1N1流感病毒基因片段的存在及潜在威胁

新甲型H1N1流感病毒(2009 pandemic H1N1 virus,pdm/09)于2009年在人群中暴发以后,迅速在全球范围内传播,引起了21世纪的第一次流感大流行。pdm/09是由人的流感病毒、禽流感和猪流感病毒(swine influenza virus,SIV)经过重配后形成的病毒,它的基因片段已经进入了猪流感病毒当中并开始产生新的变异毒株,这些新的变异流感毒株在欧亚大陆、北美大陆及中国南部的各个地区被不断报道和发现,这表明猪源性pdm/09在人间流行后可返传给猪,成为猪流感病毒基因池中的固有组成,获得与SIV重组形成新的重配病毒的能力,并可能仍然具有感染人类的潜能。因此,必须关注新型重配病毒的进化:包括其在猪群中的生长适应、以及适应性感染人的进化过程。不仅如此,还必须加强对猪群及人群流感病毒的检测,了解重配病毒在人和猪两个种群中的进化过程。     

H1N1 swine origin influenza infection in the United States and Europe in 2009 may be similar to H1N1 seasonal influenza infection in two Australian states in 2007 and 2008

Background The population‐based impact of infection with swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection was not clear in the early days of the epidemic towards the end of May 2009. Australia had seven confirmed cases by 22 May 2009. We aimed to compare available data on swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus infection overseas with seasonal influenza A (H1N1) virus infection in Australia to assist with forward planning. Methods Data on infection with seasonal influenza A (H1N1) virus in patients recruited through sentinel general practices in Victoria and Western Australia in 2007 and 2008 were compared with early publications on infection with swine origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in the United States and Europe. Results Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection was predominantly a disease of younger people, regardless of whether the virus was of swine or human origin. The median age of infection with swine origin virus was 20 years in the United States and 22 years in Spain, while the median age of infection with human origin virus was 18 years in Western Australia and 23 years in Victoria. Conclusions The median age of infection with influenza A (H1N1) virus was around 20 ± 3 years, independent of the origin of the H1N1 virus but a higher proportion of swine origin influenza infections occurred in people aged 10–18 years. This is at least partially explained by biased sampling among surveillance patients, although it may also reflect a different infection pattern.     

Transmission of influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic viruses in Australian swine

Please cite this paper as: Deng et al. (2012). Transmission of influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic viruses in Australian swine. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(3), e42–e47. Background Swine have receptors for both human and avian influenza viruses and are a natural host for influenza A viruses. The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic (H1N1pdm) virus that was derived from avian, human and swine influenza viruses has infected pigs in various countries. Objectives To investigate the relationship between the H1N1pdm viruses isolated from piggery outbreaks in Australia and human samples associated with one of the outbreaks by phylogenetic analysis, and to determine whether there was any reassortment event occurring during the human‐pig interspecies transmission. Methods Real‐time RT‐PCR and full genome sequencing were carried out on RNA isolated from nasal swabs and/or virus cultures. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Geneious package. Results The influenza H1N1pdm outbreaks were detected in three pig farms located in three different states in Australia. Further analysis of the Queensland outbreak led to the identification of two distinct virus strains in the pigs. Two staff working in the same piggery were also infected with the same two strains found in the pigs. Full genome sequence analysis on the viruses isolated from pigs and humans did not identify any reassortment of these H1N1pdm viruses with seasonal or avian influenza A viruses. Conclusions This is the first report of swine infected with influenza in Australia and marked the end of the influenza‐free era for the Australian swine industry. Although no reassortment was detected in these cases, the ability of these viruses to cross between pigs and humans highlights the importance of monitoring swine for novel influenza infections.     

Experimental inoculation of pigs with pandemic H1N1 2009 virus and HI cross-reactivity with contemporary swine influenza virus antisera

Please cite this paper as: Vincent et al. (2010) Experimental inoculation of pigs with pandemic H1N1 2009 virus and HI cross-reactivity with contemporary swine influenza virus antisera. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 4(2), 53–60 Background A novel A/H1N1 was identified in the human population in North America in April 2009. The gene constellation of the virus was a combination from swine influenza A viruses (SIV) of North American and Eurasian lineages that had never before been identified in swine or other species. Objectives The objectives were to (i) evaluate the clinical response of swine following experimental inoculation with pandemic H1N1 2009; (ii) assess serologic cross-reactivity between H1N1 2009 and contemporary SIV antisera; and (iii) develop a molecular assay to differentiate North American-lineage SIV from H1N1 2009. Methods Experiment 1: Weaned pigs were experimentally infected with A/California/04/2009 (H1N1). Experiment 2: The cross-reactivity of a panel of US SIV H1N1 or H1N2 antisera with three isolates of pandemic A/H1N1 was evaluated. Experiment 3: A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic test was developed and validated on samples from experimentally infected pigs. Results and Conclusions In experiment 1, all inoculated pigs demonstrated clinical signs and lesions similar to those induced by endemic SIV. Viable virus and antigen were only detected in the respiratory tract. In experiment 2, serologic cross-reactivity was limited against H1N1 2009 isolates, notably among virus antisera from the same HA phylogenetic cluster. The limited cross-reactivity suggests North American pigs may not be fully protected against H1N1 2009 from previous exposure or vaccination and novel tests are needed to rapidly diagnose the introduction of H1N1 2009. In experiment 3, an RT–PCR test that discriminates between H1N1 2009 and endemic North American SIV was developed and validated on clinical samples.     

含H5N1禽流感病毒核酸序列的病毒样颗粒的制备及应用

目的构建耐RNase酶的内含禽流感病毒H5N1亚型部分核酸序列的病毒样颗粒。方法构建中间载体pET32a-MS2,将禽流感病毒H5N1亚型的HA、NA和M基因片断连接到中间载体上,构建原核表达载体pET32a-MS2-HA,pET32a-MS2-NA和pET32a-MS2-M,分别转化宿主菌,诱导表达制备病毒样颗粒。结果表达载体经PCR、酶切鉴定和测序分析后证实构建成功。电镜观察到了病毒样颗粒,荧光定量RT-PCR试验表明颗粒稳定性良好。结论成功构建了含禽流感病毒H5N1部分核酸序列的病毒样颗粒且稳定性良好,可作为禽流感H5N1亚型RNA检测的标准品和质控品。     

3例重症甲型H1N1流感的救治经验

目的提高重症甲型H1N1流感的治愈率。方法对3例重症甲型H1N1流感患者的临床主要症状、影像学表现、心电图、实验室检查、治疗及预后进行回顾性研究。结果重症甲型H1N1流感侵犯全身脏器,死亡率高。结论重症甲型H1N1流感应早诊断,早治疗,可以降低死亡率。