沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵和布地奈德吸入佐治毛细支气管炎疗效分析

目的:观察沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵和布地奈德联合吸入佐治毛细支气管炎的疗效.方法:将95例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为两组,对照组95例在常规治疗基础上加用沙丁胺醇,治疗组95例在常规治疗基础上加用沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵、布地奈德,均2次/d空气压缩雾化泵吸入,观察两组临床症状、体征改善情况.结果:治疗组治疗后咳嗽、喘憋、湿啰音消失时间均缩短(P<0.01).治疗组明显优于对照组;两组总有效率分别为93.7％和82.1％.治疗组明显优于对照组(x2=5.3,P<0.05).结论:沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵和布地奈德联合雾化吸入佐治毛细支气管炎疗效满意.     

布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效观察

目的 观察布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的的临床疗效.方法 将120例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组各60例,两组均给予对症支持治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗,对照组加用沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗.观察两组患儿用药后症状缓解情况、肺部哮鸣音减少或消失时间及住院时间,比较两组疗效.结果 治疗后两组患儿临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善;治疗组在喘息、呼吸困难、肺部哮鸣音持续时间以及住院时间方面均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇及异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗能提高患儿毛细支气管炎疗效,缩短疗程.     

异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的观察异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎急性发作的疗效。方法 256毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为对照组和治疗组,均采用综合治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,对照组加用沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,观察两组患儿用药后症状缓解及肺部哮鸣音减少或消失时间,并比较两组疗效。结果治疗后两组患儿临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善;治疗组在咳嗽、喘憋缓解时间,肺部哮鸣音消失时间及住院天数方面短于对照组（P〈0.05）,总有效率高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入能迅速改善患者症状,缩短疗程,提高疗效。     

布地奈德、沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵三联吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效观察

目的探讨布地奈德、沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵三联雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法将156例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为观察组和对照组(各78例),观察组在常规治疗的基础上给予布地奈德、沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵三联雾化吸入治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇治疗。结果观察组疗效总有效率为97.4%,对照组为92.3%,两组疗效总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组显效率明显优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿喘憋、咳嗽、哮鸣音消失时间及住院时间均较之对照组缩短,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论布地奈德、沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵三联雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎疗效显著,能够迅速缓解患儿临床症状、体征,缩短住院时间,值得临床推广。     

异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的:观察异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法:将120例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为治疗组62例和对照组58例,两组均给予对症支持治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,对照组加用沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗。观察两组患儿用药后症状缓解情况、肺部哮鸣音减少或消失时间及住院时间,比较两组疗效。结果:治疗后两组患儿临床症状及体征均有不同程度改善;治疗组在喘息、呼吸困难、肺部哮鸣音持续时间以及住院时间方面均短于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组总有效率98.39%,高于对照组的86.21%(P<0.05)。结论:异丙托溴铵联合沙丁胺醇及布地奈德雾化吸入治疗能提高小儿毛细支气管炎患儿的治愈率,缩短疗程。     

沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵和布地奈德联合吸入佐治毛细支气管炎观察

目的观察沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵和布地奈德联合吸入佐治毛细支气管炎的疗效。方法将90例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为两组,对照组45例给予常规治疗;治疗组45例,在常规治疗基础上加用沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵、布地奈德气泵吸入,2次/天,观察吸入后临床症状、体征改善情况。结果治疗组治疗后咳嗽、气喘明显减轻,呼吸困难明显改善,疗程缩短,两组总有效率分别为95.56%和77.78%,治疗组明显优于对照组(χ2=8.73,P<0.05)。结论沙丁胺醇、异丙托溴铵、布地奈德联合治疗毛细支气管炎疗效满意。     

复方异丙托溴铵溶液联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效

目的 探讨复方异丙托溴铵溶液联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效.方法 首先,对100例患儿采取基础性抗感染、化痰止咳与吸氧等治疗;在此基础上,对照组患儿给予复方异丙托溴铵治疗;观察组则行复方异丙托溴铵溶液联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗.结果 观察组50例毛细支气管炎患儿在接受治疗后,整体有效率为96.00%.对照组整体有效率为84.00%.结论 在毛细支气管炎的治疗中复方异丙托溴铵溶液联合布地奈德雾化吸入治疗,能够提高患儿的整体治疗有效性.     

布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化治疗小儿毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的 探讨布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效.方法 选取2005年1月至2007年2月儿科住院毛细支气管炎患者150例,随机分为治疗组和对照组.两组均采用综合治疗和抗病毒治疗;治疗组给予布地奈德混悬液和复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸人治疗,临床观察对两组疗效进行评价.结果 治疗组治愈率为91%,对照组为71%,两组临床疗效比较,差异有统计学意义.结论 布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎是较好的方法.     

布地奈德混悬液加异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎临床观察

目的 观察布地奈德混悬液加异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效.方法 将80例毛细支气管炎患者随机分为两组,对照组40例给予常规抗病毒、对症、吸氧、祛痰等治疗;治疗组40例在对照组治疗基础上加用布地奈德混悬液、异丙托溴铵超声雾化吸入治疗.结果 治疗组患儿喘息、气促、肺部症状好转情况明显优于对照组,住院时间缩短,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 应用布地奈德混悬液加异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎疗效明确.     

布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的疗效

[摘要]目的:观察布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的疗效,探讨不同疗程吸入布地奈德对毛细支气管炎预后的影响。方法:选择 2010年9月至2013年8月住院治疗确诊为毛细支气管炎的112例患儿,随机分为三组。在综合治疗基础上,治疗1组给予布地奈德混悬液联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸入治疗7d,缓解期继续给予布地奈德气雾剂雾化吸入治疗至3个月;治疗2组给予布地奈德混悬液联合沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入治疗7d;对照组单用沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入治疗7d。观察三组患儿临床症状消失时间、住院时间,比较三组患儿疗效,并随访观察停药后1年喘息性疾病患病例数及患病率。结果: 治疗组症状消失时间、住院时间均短于对照组(P<0郾 05),且治疗1组较治疗2组更短(P<0.05)。治疗1组显效率高于治疗2组及对照组(P<0.01)。治疗1组停药1年喘息性疾病患病率(25.0%) 低于较治疗2组(48.5%) 和对照组(51.4%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而治疗2组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论:布地奈德联合复方异丙托溴铵雾化吸入对缓解毛细支气管炎患儿急性期症状疗效肯定,毛细支气管炎缓解期早期给予布地奈德气雾剂吸入3个月,可降低喘息性疾病的发病率。     

Antagonism of the trypanocide,berenil, and the nematocide,morantel, by tubocurarine

Summary The tubocurarine antagonism, (pA₂ values) of acetylcholine, suxamethonium, morantel and berenil were calculated as 6.5, 6.3, 6.4 and 6.2 respectively with the toad rectus abdominis muscle. It is suggested that tubocurarine competitively inhibits the morantel and berenil induced contracture of the toad rectus abdominis muscle.     

CAR在乳鼠肠、肝、心、脑、肾、肺组织的表达

目的检测柯萨奇-腺病毒受体(CAR)在乳鼠肠、肝、心、脑、肾、肺组织中的表达变化,为研究CVB感染引发病毒性疾病与组织中CAR表达水平的关联性提供参考。方法采用荧光实时定量PCR和Western blot法测定正常BALB/c乳鼠肠、肝、心、脑、肾、肺组织中CAR受体在核酸水平和蛋白水平的相对表达量。结果定量PCR显示CAR在乳鼠脑、肺、肠组织中表达显著高于肝、肾、心组织,差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。Western blot检测发现与定量PCR结果基本一致。结论 CAR的表达存在组织特异分布的特点。     

Hypertension, the Kuna, and the epidemiology of flavanols

A low sodium diet has often been implicated in the protection of low blood pressure populations from hypertension, but several other dietary factors, including those as yet unidentified, may also be involved. The Kuna Indians of Panama are free of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but this is changing with migration to urban areas. We compared the indigenous diet of Kuna Indians living on remote islands in Panama (Ailigandi), whose lifestyle is largely hunter-gatherer, with those who have moved to a suburb of Panama City (Vera Cruz). Between April and October 1999, members of a Kuna research team administered a 118-item food frequency questionnaire to133 adult Kuna from Ailigandi and 183 from Vera Cruz. Single 24-hour urine collections and nonfasting blood samples were obtained. The Kuna in Ailigandi reported consuming a 10-fold higher amount of cocoa-containing beverages, 4 times the amount of fish, and twice the amount of fruit as urban Kuna (P<0.05 by t test). Salt added was ample among those living in Ailigandi and Vera Cruz according to both self-report (7.1+/-1.1 and 4.6+/-0.3 tsp weekly) and urinary sodium levels (177+/-9 and 160+/-7 mEq Na/g creatinine), respectively. The low blood pressure of island-dwelling Kuna does not seem to be related to a low salt diet. Among dietary factors that varied among migrating Kuna, the notably higher intake of flavanol-rich cocoa is a potential candidate for further study.     

Effects of d-amphetamine,maprotiline, l-dopa,and haloperidol on the components of the predatory behavior of the ferret,Putorius furo l.

Ferret predation on rats was examined in an arena. One hour before the test one of the following drugs was administered: d-Amphetamine (0.8 and 1.4 mg/kg IM), maprotiline (10 and 40 mg/kg orally), l-dopa (30 and 60 mg/kg orally), or haloperidol (0.14 and 0.6 mg/kg IM). Provided that capture was successful, the sequence of the behavioral components was not changed by these drugs. With the exceptions of paw movements and rolling over, which were not affected by the drugs, the components of predatory behavior were influenced differently. This leads to the assumption that a drug affects different mechanisms which control behavior. It is assumed that dopamine is involved in the control of capture elicitation as well as in the control of pursuit and biting. Capture elicitation was inhibited by d-amphetamine and l-dopa, but not by maprotiline, and was even facilitated by haloperidol. The orientation of pursuit movements and biting was impaired by l-dopa and improved by haloperidol, whereas maprotiline did not influence these components.     

Bromocriptine,dihydroergotoxine, methysergide,d-LSD,CF 25-397, and 29-712: Effects on the metabolism of the biogenic amines in the brain of the rat

The effects of the ergolene derivatives bromocriptine, dihydroergotoxine, methysergide, d-LSD, CF 25-397, and 29-712 on the metabolism of the biogenic amines in the brain of the rat were investigated.All six ergolene derivatives were found to increase the concentration of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylethylene glycol sulphate in the brain stem, i.e., to increase the turnover of noradrenaline (NA). Since in brain homogenates the agents inhibited the binding of ³H-dihydroergocryptine to -adrenoceptors, but only weakly inhibited the binding of ³H-alprenolol to -adrenoceptors, it is suggested that the increased turnover of NA may be a consequence of a blockade of -adrenoceptors by ergolenes.All of the ergolenes increased the concentration of serotonin (5-HT) in the cortex, but only bromocriptine and 29-712 increased the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), the other compounds decreasing the concentration of this metabolite, i.e., inhibiting 5-HT turnover. Reserpine-induced PGO waves in the cat were inhibited by all six compounds, bromocriptine and 29-712 being the least active. Both of these findings suggest that the ergolenes possess serotonergic activity. The increase in the concentration of 5-HIAA after bromocriptine and 29-712 may be secondary to some action on other systems.The actions of the ergolenes on the metabolism of dopamine (DA) in the striatum are more complex. Bromocriptine, 29-712, and, to a much lesser extent, dihydroergotoxine reduced the concentration of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), i.e., they inhibited DA turnover. These findings are compatible with the proposed dopaminergic activity of the drugs. CF 25-397 caused a slight increase in the DOPAC concentration at high doses, and d-LSD and methysergide caused pronounced increases. At doses below 1 mg/kg i.p., d-LSD decreased the DOPAC concentration. This biphasic effect of d-LSD may be due to interaction with different types of DA receptors or may reflect some secondary action of the compound.The profiles of activity of the various ergolenes are discussed. Bromocriptine and 29-712, wich have similar profiles of activity, can be clearly differentiated from the other ergolenes. CF 25-397 seems to be a potent and, at low doses, specific serotonergic drug.     

Quantitative Characterization of the Interaction Space of the Mammalian Carbonic Anhydrase Isoforms I,II, VII,IX, XII,and XIV and their Inhibitors,Using the Proteochemometric Approach

The critical role of carbonic anhydrases in different physiological processes has put this protein family at the center of attention, challenging major diseases like glaucoma, neurological disorders such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and cancers. Many QSAR/QSPR (quantitative structure–activity/property relationship) researches have been carried out to design potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs); however, using inhibitors with no selectivity for different isoforms can lead to major side‐effects. Given that QSAR/QSPR methods are not capable of covering multiple targets in a unified model, we have applied the proteochemometric approach to model the interaction space that governs selective inhibition of different CA isoforms by some mono‐/dihydroxybenzoic acid esters. Internal and external validation methods showed that all models were reliable in terms of both validity and predictivity, whereas Y‐scrambling assessed the robustness of the models. To prove the applicability of our models, we showed how structural changes of a ligand can affect the selectivity. Our models provided interesting information that can be useful for designing inhibitors with selective behavior toward isoforms of carbonic anhydrases, aiding in their selective inhibition.